Ultrasound Wi-Fi Indoor Positioning System (USWIPS)

Pranav Padalkar, Sukanya Srinivasan, V. Sadhana.

Astra!t:
Location technologies have long been used for civilian and military purposes. The most
famous of it is the worldwide Global Positioning system. It has found wide applications in
fields of aircraft and vehicle tracking, cartography, avigation, surveying, emergency
services, tectonics, guided ammunition and even recreation. The advance in fields of circuits
has rendered GP! ine"pensive and compact, which now come as an in#built feature in several
cell phones and even automobiles. $owever GP! have poor indoor performance mainly due
to the drastic attenuation of satellite signals reaching the indoor environments.
Positioning in the Indoor environments provides opportunity for several location
based applications like ob%ect tracking, pervasive computing and patient tagging etc. It can be
used to complement e"ternal positioning using GP! and hence provide results which have
similar characteristics. &or e"ample, a typical GP! application will detect position in a 'km "
'km city center to within '(m. )e aim to be able to detect position in a '*m " '*m room to
within '(cm.
This thesis describes the design and implementation of indoor positioning and sensing
system utili+ing a combination of )i#&i and ,ltrasound. The system consists of fi"ed
listeners that are attached to the ceiling of a building, and transmitters, called beacons,
attached to devices that need location. -ach beacon periodically transmits a )i#&i message.
.t the same time, the beacon also transmits an ultrasonic pulse. The listeners listen to beacon
transmissions and measure distances to nearby beacons, and use these distances to compute
the location of the transmitter knowing its own location in the room space. This system is
intended to be used primarily for tracking purpose.

i
"IS# $F FI%U&'S
&IG,/- ': I011/ P1!ITI1IG !2!T-3 I . $1!PIT.L.
&IG,/- 4 !-/5I6-! .0 P/10,6T!
&IG,/- 7 $,3. 613P,T-/ IT-/.6TI1
&IG,/- 8 T.G!
&IG,/- ( $IG$ 0-&IITI1 /-6-I5-/
&IG,/- 9 :-.61 6I/6,IT 1& ,!/IP! !2!T-3!
&IG,/- ; LI!T--/ 6I/6,IT 1& ,!/IP! !2!T-3
&IG,/- ; P1)-/ !P-6T/,3! 1& '* ..L1G 1/T$1G1.L !IG.L!
&IG,/- < !6$-3- 1& ..L1G !2T$-!I=-/ 1& 1/T$1G1.L !IG.L!.
&IG,/- > 1/T$1G1.L !IG.L! PL1TT-0 ,!IG 3.TL.:
&IG,/- '4 )I#&I 310,L-
&IG,/- '7 )L. 36LI-T
&IG,/- '8 )L.3T-!T !-/5-/
&IG,/- '( )L.3T6P6LI-T
ii
A(&$)*+S
%PS: Global Positioning !ystem
I(, Integrated 6ircuit
IPS: Indoor Positioning !ystem
$P A+P: 1perational .mplifier
US: ,ltrasound
US&IPS: ,ltrasound#/& Indoor Positioning !ystem
USWIPS: ,ltrasound )i#&i Indoor Positioning !ystem
iii