Asme Viii Div1 2010-2011a

ASME VIII division 1
AutoPIPE Vessel (Microprotol) procal V33.1.0.11 1 prodia2 V33.1.0.11 Bentley Systems, Inc.

ASME VIII div.1 verification document

22 August 2013 11 July 1,2010 2011a AutoPIPE Vessel 33.1.0.11 No changes
05 Mar 2013 10 July 1,2010 2011a Microprotol 33.0.7.6 Feb 2013 Same as Rev 9 including Bentley Inc.
24 Oct 2012 9 July 1,2010 2011a Microprotol 33.0.7.5 Oct 2012 Including conical head (L-6.4)
16 July 2012 8 July 1,2010 2011a Microprotol 33.0.7.2 July 2012 UG-45 checking (L7-8)
20 June 2012 7 July 1,2010 2011a Microprotol 33.0.7.1 May 2012
23 April 2012 6 July 1,2010 2011a Microprotol 33.0.7.0 Mar 2012 Editing modification
15 Feb 2012 5 July 1,2010 2011a Microprotol 33.0.6.0 Jan 2012 Code release
17 Feb 2011 4 July 1,2010 Microprotol 33.0.1.0 Feb 2011 Code release + misc developpements
02 Nov 2009 3 July 1,2009 Microprotol 32.8.8.2 Oct 2009 Add expansion joint calc. +upd. code
25 Mar 2009 2 July 1,2008 Microprotol 32.8 April 2009 Check + add examples
15 Dec 2008 1 July 1,2008 Microprotol 32.8 Nov 2008 Check + new material data base
15 May 2008 0 July 1,2007 Microprotol 32.7 April 2008 Initial issue
Date Rev ASME VIII div. 1 Edit. Software release Comments



Table of contents

Introduction 3
Appendix L-2 [Thickness Calculation for shells under internal pressure with supplemental loadings ] 4
L-2.3.1 L-2.3.2 4
Appendix L-3 [Vessels under External Pressure ] 5
L-3.1 5
L-3.2 6
L-3.3 without stiffening ring 7
L-3.3 with stiffening rings 12
Appendix L-5 [Design of circumferential stiffening ring and attachment weld for a cylindrical shell under External
Pressure] 15
L-5.1 (using stiffening ring of 2 in. x 3.75 in.) 16
Appendix L-6 [Required thickness for formed heads with pressure on the convex side] 18
L-6.1 19
L-6.2 [t = 0.5 in.] 20
L-6.2 [t = 0.5625 in.] 21
L-6.3 22
L-6.4 [t = 0.75 in.] 23
L-6.4 [t = 0.563 in.] 24
Appendix L-7 [Openings and reinforcements] 25
L-7.1 26
L-7.2 (without reinforcing plate) 29
L-7.2 (with reinforcing plate of 3 in. wide x 0.375 in. thick 31
L-7.2 (with reinforcing plate of 3.125 in. wide and 0.375 in. thick) 33
L-7.4 35
L-7.5 38
L-7.6 41
L-7.7 (nozzle thickness = 1/2 in.) 43
L-7.7 (nozzle thickness = 7/8 in.) 45
L-7.8 + UG-45 47
Part UHX 50
UHX-20.1.1 Tubesheet Integral with Shell and Channel 51
UHX-20.1.2 Tubesheet gasketed with Shell and Channel 56
UHX-20.1.4 Tubesheet gasketed with Shell and Integral with Channel extended as a flange 60
UHX-20.2.1 Tubesheet integral with Shell and gasketed with Channel extended as a flange 63
UHX-20.2.3 Fixed Tubesheet Exchanger , Configuration a 70
UHX-20.3.1 Stationary Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel; Floating Tubesheet Gasketed, Not extended as a
Flange 78
Other calculations 81
Welding Neck Flange ( Taylor Forge Bulletin) 82
ASME VIII Div.1 2010 App. 26 Unreinforced Bellows 85


Introduction

This document is a part of the AutoPIPE Vessel validation procedure intended to demonstrate the application of the
ASME VIII div 1 Code through the examples provided in the various parts of Code.

AutoPIPE Vessel input data files used are printed front of the paragraph reference :

Appendix L-2 :
Paragraph L-2.3.1 L-2.3.2 : L-2.3.emvd
Appendix L-3 :
Paragraph L-3.1 : L-3 1.emvd
Paragraph L-3.3 : L-3.3 without stiffener.emvd
L-3 3.emvd
Appendix L-5 :
Appendix L-6 :
Paragraph L-6 2 L-6 2 1.emvd for L-6 2 [t=0.5 in.]
L-6 2 2.emvd for L-6 2 [t=0.525 in.]
Paragraph L-6 3 : L-6 3.emvd
Paragraph L-6 4 : L-6 4 1.emvd for L-6 4 [t=0.75 in.]
L-6 4 2.emvd for L-6 4 [t=0.563 in.]
Appendix L-7 :
Paragraph L-7 2 without reinforcing plate: L-7 2 without reinf.emvd
Paragraph L-7 2 with reinforcing plate : L-7 2 with reinf.emvd 3 in x 0.375 in
L-7 2 with reinf incr.emvd 3.125 in x 0.375 in
Paragraph L-7.7 : L-7 7-1.emvd (thk = in.)
L-7 7-1 nozzle thk inc.emvd (thk = 7/8 in.)
Paragraph L-7.8 + UG-45 : L-7 8.emvd

UHX-20.1 Examples of UHX-12 for U-Tube Tubesheets :
UHX-20.1.1 Example 1 : UHX-20-1-1.emvd
UHX-20. 2 Examples of UHX-13 for Fixed Tubesheets :
UHX-20. 3 Examples of UHX-14 for Floating Tubesheets :

Other calculations :
Taylor Forge calculation method for flange : Flange Welding Neck.emvd
Unreinforced bellows (Annex 26) : 26-14-1-1.emvd



Appendix L-2 [Thickness Calculation for shells under internal pressure with supplemental
loadings ]
L-2.3.1 L-2.3.2

Conical shell (30.23) internal pressure.
ASME VIII DIV.1 2010 - 2011a
t = minimum required thickness t
n
= nominal thickness E = Joint efficiency
P = internal pressure S = Allowable stress T = Temperature
D = inside diameter at large end Ca = corrosion + tolerance = circular stress
= Half apex angle Tol
%
= tolerance for pipes P
a
= Max. allowable pressure
t
min
= t+Ca+Tol
%
shall be t
n
t
a
= (t
n
Tol
%
)-Ca shall be t P
h
= Hydrostatic pressure

[UG-32(g)]
t =P(D+2Ca)/[2cos(SE-0.6P)] =P((D+2Ca)+1.2t
a
cos)/(2Et
a
cos) P
a
=2SEt
a
cos/((D+2Ca)+1.2t
a
cos)

SA387GR2CL2 Plate Schedule : / DN : /
t
n
= 0.4380 in D = 200 in Tol
%
= / PWHT : No Radiography : Spot
= 30 Cor. = 0 in Tol. = 0 in UG-16(b) = 0.0625 in
P (psi) P
h
(psi) T (F) S (psi) E t
a
(in) (psi) P
a
(psi) t (in) t
min
(in)
Operation N 50 0 650 17 500 0.85 0.4380 15 543 56.3 0.3889 0.3889
MAWP (650 F, Corroded) = 56.3 psi MAWP (70 F, new) = 64.4 psi

Appendix 1-5(d)
Q
L
= PR
L
/2+f
1
A
rL
= kQ
L
R
L
(1-/) tan / (S
s
E
1
) A
eL
= (t
s
-t) (R
L
t
s
)
0.5
+ (t
c
-t
r
) (R
L
t
c
/cos )
0.5

k = max(1, y/S
r
E
r
) y = S
s
E
s
Reinforcing ring : Plate 15 0.5 A
ring
= 7.5 in
2

P (psi) S
s
(psi) E
1
t (in) t
c
(in) t
r
(in) t
s
(in) R
L
(in)
Operation N 50 17 500 1 17.57 0.2862 0.4380 0.3889 0.3130 100.000
k f
1(max)
(lbf/in) f
1(min)
(lbf/in) Q
L(max)
(lbf/in) Q
L(min)
(lbf/in) A
rL
(in
2
) A
eL
(in
2
)
Operation N 1.207 250.0274 -283.0145 2 750.0260 2 216.9850 4.54 0.5
the junction is adequately reinforced

Appendix 1-5(e)
Q
S
= PR
S
/2+f
2
A
rS
= kQ
S
R
S
(1-/) / (S
s
E
1
) A
eS
= 0.78 (R
S
t
s
)
0.5
[(t
s
-t) + (t
c
-t
r
) /cos )]
k = max(1, y/S
r
E
r
) y = S
s
E
s
Reinforcing ring : Plate 15 0.5 A
ring
= 7.5 in
2

P (psi) S
s
(psi) E
1
t (in) t
c
(in) t
r
(in) t
s
(in) R
S
(in)
Operation N 50 17 500 1 4.57 0.1431 0.4380 0.1945 0.1880 50.000
k f
2(max)
(lbf/in) f
2(min)
(lbf/in) Q
S(max)
(lbf/in) Q
S(min)
(lbf/in) A
rS
(in
2
) A
eS
(in
2
)
Operation N 1.207 62.6374 -93.5602 1 312.6370 1 156.4390 2.22 0.78
the junction is adequately reinforced

[UCS-79] : % extreme fiber elongation = 50 t
n
/ R
f
( 1 - R
f
/ R
o
) = 0.44 % ( R
f
= 50.219 in ; R
o
= + )



Appendix L-3 [Vessels under External Pressure ]
Comment for reading of external pressure curves
ASME curves for external pressure have been checked using stored vertex to redraw the curve on a transparency support
visually compared to the Code original. Storage AutoPIPE Vessel file is courbvid.emsd, located in
AutoPIPE Vessel\Calcul\Data directory.
AutoPIPE Vessel uses logarithmic interpolation to determine the value of B.

L-3.1
External Pressure - Shell (Section No. 1) (in operation)

Ends of section :
Bottom : Support line level : 0.0000 in
top : Support line level : 39.0000 in

Elements considered :
Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
001 31.05 Virole 168.625 0.3125
24 500 060.
0
CS-2 700 F

ASME VIII DIV.1
External Pressure : P = 15 psi Design Temperature : 700 F
Allowable stress : S = 14 257.2 psi modulus of elasticity : E = 24 500 060 psi
Unsupported shell length : 39 in Pipe, tolerance on the new thickness : c
1
= /
Diameter of section : D
o
= 168.625 in Vacuum curve : CS-2
Checked thickness : t = 0.3125 in

UG-28 (c) Cylindrical shell with straight circular section
L = 39 in L/D
o
= 0.231 D
o
/t = 539.6
D
o
/t4 : A (Subpart 3 Section II Part D Fig.G) = 0.000491 D
o
/t10 :
P
a
=
t D
B
o
3
4

D
o
/t<4 : A =
( )
|
|
\
|
2
o
/ D
1.1
0.10, min
t
= / D
o
/t<10 :
P
a
=
(
(
|
|
\
|
(
(
|
|
\
|
t D t D
S
B
t D
o o o
1
1
2
; 0833 . 0
2.167
min
B (Subpart 3 Section II Part D or AE/2) = 6 054.676 psi
P
a
= 14.961 psi < P INSUFFICIENT THICKNESS Minimum required thickness = 0.313 in

Comments
See Comment for reading of external pressure curves.
Rounded value in ASME example of D
o
/t = 540 is used.


L-3.2
External Pressure - Hemispherical head (Section No.2)(in operation)

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
002 03 72.000 0.5000
10 000 000.
0
NFA-1 100 F

ASME VIII DIV.1 2010 2011a UG-33
External Pressure : P = 20 psi modulus of elasticity : E = 10 000 000 psi
Material : SB209-A93003-H112 Corrosion : 0 in
Vacuum curve : NFA-1 Tolerance : 0 in
Nominal thickness : t
n
= 0.5 in External Diameter : D
o
= 73 in
Checked thickness : t = 0.5 in outside radius : R
o
= 36.5 in
outside height : h
o
= / Axis ratio : D
o
/(2h
o
) = /

(c) Hemispherical heads
UG-28 (d) : A =
t R
o
125 . 0
= 0.001712
B (Subpart 3 Section II Part D or 0.0625E/(R
o
/t)) =
1 763.745 psi
P
a
=
t R
B
o
= 24.161 psi P

Comments


L-3.3 without stiffening ring

External Pressure Cone (Section N2)(in operation)

Ends of section :
Bottom : Cone-to-cylinder junction without stiffening ring Support line level : 250.0000 in
top : Cone-to-cylinder junction without stiffening ring Support line level : 380.0000 in

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
005 30.23 Cne de calandre 0.000 1.2500
25 125 030.
0
CS-2 650 F

ASME VIII DIV.1 2010 2011a
Allowable stress : S = 15 000 psi modulus of elasticity : E = 25 125 030 psi
Unsupported shell length : 130 in half opening angle of conical shell : = 29.98
Checked thickness : t = 1.25 in Vacuum curve : CS-2
Element diameter at large end : D
L
= 202.5 in Element diameter at small end : D
s
= 50.75 in

UG-33(f) Conical shell with straight circular section
L = 130 in Fig. UG-33.1 L
e
= 81.29 in L
e
/D
L
= 0.401 t
e
= t cos() = 1.083 in D
L
/t
e
= 187.027
D
L
/t
e
10 : A (Subpart 3 Section II Part D Fig.G) = 0.001447
D
L
/t
e
10 : P
a
=
e L
t D
B
3
4

D
L
/t
e
<10 : A =
( )
|
|
\
|
2
o
/ D
1.1
0.10, min
t
= / D
L
/t
e
< 10 : P
a
=
(
(
|
|
\
|
(
(
|
|
\
|
e L e L e L
t D t D
S
B
t D
1
1
2
; 0833 . 0
2.167
MIN
B (Subpart 3 Section II Part D or AE/2) = 9 414.372 psi P
a
= 67.116 psi P



External Pressure Large cylinder-to-cone junction (Section No. 2) (in operation)

ASME VIII DIV. 2010 - 2011a APPENDIX 1-8
Junction without knuckle, without stiffener
Internal corroded radius of knuckle : r
t
= 0 in Angle : = 29.98
Shell adjacent to the junction, element No. : 4 Calculation length of cylinders element : L
L
= 250 in
Cone adjacent to junction, element number : 5 Calculation length of cones element : L= 130 in
External Pressure : P = 50 psi
Cylindrical shell
Material : SA516GR70 Temperature : 650 F
Nominal stress : S
s
= 17 500 psi modulus of elasticity : E
s
= 25 125 ksi
Vacuum curve : CS-2 Longitudinal Joint Efficiency : E
1
= 0.85
sn
= 1.25 in Corrosion : 0 in
Checked thickness : t
s
= 1.25 in Tolerance : 0 in
External Diameter : D
L
= 202.5 in External radius : R
L
= 101.25 in
Conical shell
Nominal stress : S
c
c
= 25 125 ksi
Vacuum curve : CS-2
cn
c
Stiffener
Type and dimensions : / Material : /
Nominal stress : S
r
= / Temperature : /
Vacuum curve : / modulus of elasticity : E
r
= /
Cross-sectional area : A
s
= / Diameter of shell at centroid elevation : D
e
= /

Checking junctions area
P/S
s
E
1
= 0.0034 = 5.91 < Reinforcement of large end intersection
k =1 f
1
= 249.901 lbf/in Q
L
= PR
L
/2 + f
1
= 2 781.151 lbf/in
A
rL
=
(
(
|
|
\
|
L
L L
s
L L
Q
Q PR
E S
R kQ
4
1
1
tan
1
= 10.48 in
2

A
eL
= ( ) + cos 55 . 0
c s s L
t t t D = 23.566 in
2

A
eL
+ A
s
= 23.566 in
2
A
rL

Checking the junctions moment of inertia
M

=
+ +

tan 3 2 2
tan
2 2
L
s L L L
R
R R L R
= 150.619 in
f
1
= 249.901 lbf/in
F
L
= + tan
1
f PM = 7 675.119 lbf/in
L
c
= ( )
2 2
Rs RL L + + = 150.522 in
A
TL
=
s
c c s L
A
t L t L
+ +
2 2
= 250.327 in
2
B =
TL
L L
A
D F
4
3
= 4 656.55 psi
A (Subpart 3 Section II Part D FIG.G) = 0.000368

I
s
=
14
2
TL L
A AD
= / I
s
=
9 . 10
2
TL L
A AD
= 346.49 in
4

I ' = 64.39 in
4
< I
s
'



Comments
Angle of cone : = arc tg[((200-50)/2) /130] = 29.98164 (30 in ASME example)
tg a = [(200-50)/2) /130] = 0.576923(value of ASME based on angle of 30)
P/S
s
E
1
= 50/(17500x0.85) = 0.00336
According to Table 1-8.1, P/S
s
E
1
=0.002 = 5
P/S
s
E
1
=0.005 = 7
For P/S
s
E
1
= 0.00336 , = 5 + (7-5) x [(0.00336-0.002)/(0.005-0.002)] = 5.9066 (ASME Example value is 5.93).
No additional area of reinforcement k =1
f1 obtains by load due to wind and external load. No detail in ASME example.
Q
L
= 50x101.25/2 + 249.904 = 2 781.154 lbf/in

A
rL
=
(
\
|
98 . 29
9066 . 5
154 . 2781
154 . 2781 25 . 101 x 50
4
1
1
85 . 0 x 17500
576923 . 0 x 25 . 101 x 154 . 2781 x 1
= 10.4798 in
2
A
eL
= ( ) ) 30 cos( 25 . 1 25 . 1 25 . 1 x 5 . 202 55 . 0 + = 23.5685 in
2
A
rL

Junction area checked

M =
576923 . 0 x 25 . 101 x 3
375 . 25 25 . 101
2
250
2
576923 . 0 x 25 . 101
2 2
+ +
= 150.61895 in
F
L
=50 x 150.61895 + 249.904 x 0.576923 = 7675.12286 lbf/in
Lc = ( ) ( )
2 2
375 . 25 25 . 101 130 + = 150.522475 in
A
TL
=
2
25 . 1 x 522475 . 150
2
25 . 1 x 250
+ = 250.32655 in
2
(rounded value in ASME example)
B =
32655 . 250
5 . 202 x 12286 . 7675
x
4
3
= 4656.55475
A from Fig CS-2 = 0.000368 (see Comment for reading of external pressure curves).

As there is no stiffener : I
s
=
9 . 10
32655 . 250 x 5 . 202 x 000368 . 0
2
=346.487 in
4

Inertia of shell :
Length to be considered : L = (1.10/2) x (202.5x1.25) = 8.75 in
I
sh
= (8.75 x1.25
3
) /12 = 1.424 in
4

Inertia of cone :
Length to be considered on shell : L = (1.10/2) x (202.5x1.25) = 8.75 in
Length to be considered on cone: H = L/ cos() = 8.75 /cos(29.98) = 10.1 in
I
co
= (H tc
3
cos()
2
)/12+(H
3
tc sin()
2
)/12 = 28.0317 in
4

Position of centers of inertia from external line of shell :
Shell = ts / 2 = 0.625 in
Cone = (tc/2) +(H sin(a)/2 + (tc/2)(1-cos()) = 3.0655 in
Section of shell and cone = (1.25x8.75) + (1.25x10.1) = 23.5625 in
2

Position of center of inertia of the combined section = [(0.625x1.25x8.75) + (3.0655x1.25x10.1)] / 23.5625 = 1.9326 in
Inertia of combined section :
I = 1.424 + 28.0317 + (1.9326-0.625)
2
x(1.25x8.75) + (3.0655-1.9326)
2
x(1.25x10.1)= 64.4 in
4

Is > I large cylinder to cone junction not verified


External Pressure Small cylinder-to-cone junction (Section No. 2) (in operation)

Junction without knuckle, without stiffener
t
= 0 in Angle : = 29.98
s
= 75 in
Cylindrical shell
Nominal stress : S
s
s
= 25 125 030 psi
1
= 1
sn
s
s
s
= 25.375 in
Conical shell
Nominal stress : S
c
c
= 25 125 030 psi
Vacuum curve : CS-2
cn
c
Stiffener
Type and dimensions : / Material : /
Nominal stress : S
r
= / Temperature : /
Vacuum curve : / modulus of elasticity : E
r
= /
s
= / Diameter of shell at centroid elevation : D
e
= /

k =1 f
2
= 62.518 lbf/in Q
s
= PR
s
/2 + f
2
= 696.893 lbf/in
A
rs
=
1
tan
E S
R kQ
s
s s
= 0.583 in
2

A
es
= ( ) ( ) ( ) + cos 55 . 0
r c s s s
t t t t t D = 0.765 in
2

Required thicknesses of portions at junction :
Shell : t = 0.325 in Cone : t
r
= 1.017 in
A
es
+ A
s
= 0.765 in
2
A
rs

N

=
+ +
tan 6 2 2
tan
2 2
s
s L s s
R
R R L R
= 154.201 in
f
2
= 62.518 lbf/in
F
s
= + tan
2
f PN = 7 746.115 lbf/in
L
c
= ( )
2 2
Rs RL L + + = 150.522 in
A
Ts
=
s
c c s s
A
t L t L
+ +
2 2
= 108.139 in
2
B =
Ts
s s
A
D F
4
3
= 2 726.46 psi

I
s
=
14
2
Ts s
A AD
= / I
s
=
9 . 10
2
Ts s
A AD
= 5.6 in
4

I ' = 1.17 in
4
< I
s
'



Comments
No additional area of reinforcement k =1
Q
s
= 50x25.375/2 + 62.088 = 696.463 lbf/in
A
rs
=
1 x 17500
576923 . 0 x 375 . 25 x 463 . 696 x 1
= 0.58262 in
2

N =
576923 . 0 x 375 . 25 x 6
375 . 25 25 . 101
2
75
2
576923 . 0 x 375 . 25
2 2
+ + = 154.2 in
F
S
=50 x 154.2 + 62.088 x 0.576923 = 7745.82 lbf/in
A
TS
=
2
25 . 1 x 522475 . 150
2
375 . 0 x 75
+ = 108.139 in
2
(rounded value in ASME example)
B =
139 . 108
75 . 50 x 82 . 7745
x
4
3
= 2726.3647
A from Fig CS-2 = 0.000219 (see Comment for reading of external pressure curves).

As there is no stiffener : I
s
=
9 . 10
139 . 108 x 375 . 50 x 000219 . 0
2
=5.514 in
4

Inertia of combined section : I = 1.17 in
4

Is > I large cylinder to cone junction not verified



L-3.3 with stiffening rings
External Pressure Conical shell (Section No. 2) (in operation)

Ends of section :
Bottom :
Cone-to-cylinder junction with stiffening ring
No. 1)
Support line level : 250.0000 in
top :
Cone-to-cylinder junction with stiffening ring
No. 2)
Support line level : 380.0000 in

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
005 30.23 Cne de calandre 0.000 1.2500
25 125 030.
0
CS-2 650 F

ASME VIII DIV.1 2010 - 2011a
Unsupported shell length : 130 in half opening angle of conical shell : = 29.98
L
s
= 50.75 in

L = 130 in Fig. UG-33.1 L
e
= 81.29 in L
e
/D
L
= 0.401 t
e
= t cos() = 1.083 in D
L
/t
e
= 187.027
D
L
/t
e
D
L
/t
e
10 : P
a
=
e L
t D
B
3
4

D
L
/t
e
<10 : A =
( )
|
|
\
|
2
o
/ D
1.1
0.10, min
t
= / D
L
/t
e
< 10 : P
a
=
(
(
|
|
\
|
(
(
|
|
\
|
e L e L e L
t D t D
S
B
t D
1
1
2
; 0833 . 0
2.167
MIN
a
= 67.116 psi P



External Pressure Large cylinder-to-cone junction (Section No. 2) (in operation)

Junction without knuckle, reinforced by stiffener No. 1
t
= 0 in Angle : = 29.98
L
= 250 in
Cylindrical shell
Nominal stress : S
s
s
= 25 125 ksi
1
= 0.85
sn
s
L
L
= 101.25 in
Conical shell
Nominal stress : S
c
c
= 25 125 ksi
Vacuum curve : CS-2
cn
c
Stiffener
Type and dimensions : WT8x18 7.93 6.99 0.295
0.43
Material : SA516GR60
Nominal stress : S
r
= 14 500 psi Temperature : 650 F
Vacuum curve : CS-2 modulus of elasticity : E
r
= 25 125 030 psi
s
= 5.28 in
2
Diameter of shell at centroid elevation : D
e
= 0 in

P/S
s
E
1
= 0.0034 = 5.91 < Reinforcement of large end intersection
k =1.2069 f
1
= 250.002 lbf/in Q
L
= PR
L
/2 + f
1
= 2 781.251 lbf/in
A
rL
=
(
(
|
|
\
|
L
L L
s
L L
Q
Q PR
E S
R kQ
4
1
1
tan
1
= 12.649 in
2

A
eL
= ( ) + cos 55 . 0
c s s L
t t t D = 23.566 in
2

A
eL
+ A
s
= 28.846 in
2
A
rL

M

=
+ +

tan 3 2 2
tan
2 2
L
s L L L
R
R R L R
= 150.619 in
f
1
= 250.002 lbf/in
F
L
= + tan
1
f PM = 7 675.178 lbf/in
L
c
= ( )
2 2
Rs RL L + + = 150.522 in
A
TL
=
s
c c s L
A
t L t L
+ +
2 2
= 255.607 in
2
B =
TL
L L
A
D F
4
3
= 4 560.4 psi

I
s
=
14
2
TL L
A AD
= / I
s
=
9 . 10
2
TL L
A AD
= 346.07 in
4

I ' = 368.75 in
4
I
s
'

Comments
Same calculation as calculation without stiffener except for :
k = y/Sr Er = 17500x25125000/14500x25125030 = 1.206895
As = area of stiffener
f
1
= 250.003 lbf/in


External Pressure Small cylinder-to-cone junction (Section No. 2) (in operation)

Junction without knuckle, reinforced by stiffener No. 2
t
= 0 in Angle : = 29.98
s
= 75 in
Cylindrical shell
Nominal stress : S
s
s
= 25 125 030 psi
1
= 1
sn
s
s
s
= 25.375 in
Conical shell
Nominal stress : S
c
c
= 25 125 030 psi
Vacuum curve : CS-2
cn
c
Stiffener
Type and dimensions : Bar 3.5 0.375 Material : SA516GR60
Nominal stress : S
r
= 14 500 psi Temperature : 650 F
Vacuum curve : CS-2 modulus of elasticity : E
r
= 25 125 030 psi
s
= 1.313 in
2
e
= 0 in

k =1.2069 f
2
= 62.5 lbf/in Q
s
= PR
s
/2 + f
2
= 696.875 lbf/in
A
rs
=
1
tan
E S
R kQ
s
s s
= 0.704 in
2

A
es
= ( ) ( ) ( ) + cos 55 . 0
r c s s s
t t t t t D = 0.765 in
2

Required thicknesses of portions at junction :
Shell : t = 0.325 in Cone : t
r
= 1.017 in
A
es
+ A
s
= 2.078 in
2
A
rs

N

=
+ +
tan 6 2 2
tan
2 2
s
s L s s
R
R R L R
= 154.201 in
f
2
= 62.5 lbf/in
F
s
= + tan
2
f PN = 7 746.105 lbf/in
L
c
= ( )
2 2
Rs RL L + + = 150.522 in
A
Ts
=
s
c c s s
A
t L t L
+ +
2 2
= 109.452 in
2
B =
Ts
s s
A
D F
4
3
= 2 693.76 psi

I
s
=
14
2
Ts s
A AD
= / I
s
=
9 . 10
2
Ts s
A AD
= 5.6 in
4

I ' = 4.64 in
4
< I
s
'

Comments
Same calculation as calculation without stiffener except for :
k = y/Sr Er = 17500x25125000/14500x25125030 = 1.206895
As = area of stiffener
f
2
= 62.5 lbf/in



Appendix L-5 [Design of circumferential stiffening ring and attachment weld for a cylindrical
shell under External Pressure]

visually compared to the Code original. Storage AutoPIPE Vessel file is courbvid.emsd, located in AutoPIPE
Vessel \Calcul\Data directory.


L-5.1 (using stiffening ring of 2 in. x 3.75 in.)
Ends of section :
Bottom : Support line level : 0.0000 in
top : Stiffening ring (ring No. 1) Support line level : 40.0000 in

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
001 31.05 Virole 169.000 0.3125
24 500 060.
0
CS-2 700 F

ASME VIII DIV.1
1
= /
o
= 169 in Vacuum curve : CS-2

L = 40 in L/D
o
= 0.237 D
o
/t = 540.8
D
o
o
/t10 :
P
a
=
t D
B
o
3
4

D
o
/t<4 : A =
( )
|
|
\
|
2
o
/ D
1.1
0.10, min
t
= / D
o
/t<10 :
P
a
=
(
(
|
|
\
|
(
(
|
|
\
|
t D t D
S
B
t D
o o o
1
1
2
; 0833 . 0
2.167
min
P
a

Ends of section :
Bottom : Stiffening ring (ring No. 1) Support line level : 40.0000 in

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
001 31.05 Virole 169.000 0.3125 24 500 060. CS-2 700 F

ASME VIII DIV.1
1
= /
o
= 169 in Vacuum curve : CS-2

L = 40 in L/D
o
= 0.237 D
o
/t = 540.8
D
o
o
/t10 :
P
a
=
t D
B
o
3
4

D
o
/t<4 : A =
( )
|
|
\
|
2
o
/ D
1.1
0.10, min
t
= / D
o
/t<10 :
P
a
=
(
(
|
|
\
|
(
(
|
|
\
|
t D t D
S
B
t D
o o o
1
1
2
; 0833 . 0
2.167
min
P
a



Shell
External Pressure : P = 15 psi Temperature : 700 F
Material : SA285GRC modulus of elasticity : E = 24 500 060 psi
Vacuum curve : CS-2 Corrosion : 0 in
n
Calculation length of previous element : L
1
= 40 in
Calculation length of next element : L
2
= 40 in

Stiffener
Type and dimensions : Plate 3.75 2 Material : SA36
modulus of elasticity : E = 24 500 060 psi Vacuum curve : CS-2
s
= 7.5 in
2
o
= 169 in

UG-29 Stiffened elements of cylindrical shells
x
1
= ( ) ( ) { } 2 ; 55 . 0 MIN
1 o
L t D
s
= 3.997 in t
1
= 0.313 in x
2
= ( ) ( ) { } 2 ; 55 . 0 MIN
2 o
L t D
s
= 3.997 in t
2
= 0.313 in
B =
s s
o
L / A t
D P
4
3
+
= 3 802.5 psi L
s
=
2
2 1
L L + ++ +
= 40 in t
eq
= 0.313 in
A (Subpart 3 Section II Part D FIG.G or 2B/E) = 0.00031
I
s
=
( )
14
/
s s s
2
o
A L A t L D +
=
16.22 in
4

I
s
=
( )
9 . 10
/
s s s
2
o
A L A t L D +
= /
I = 16.54 in
4
I
s

Comments
ASME example checks only stiffening ring.
The thickness of shell is not sufficient (no information about this in ASME example).
Index 1 for x
1
,t
1
and L
1
is used for shell before the stiffener and index 2 for x
2
,t
2
and L
2
is used for shell after the stiffener.
t
1
and t
2
should be read 0.3125 in, t
eq
is the average thickness calculated as follow : t
eq
= (L
1
e
1
+L
2
e
2
)/(L
1
+L
2
)


Appendix L-6 [Required thickness for formed heads with pressure on the convex side]

visually compared to the Code original. Storage AutoPIPE Vessel file is courbvid.emsd, located in AutoPIPE
Vessel \Calcul\Data directory.



L-6.1

External pressure Elliptical Head (Section No.2)(in operation)

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
002 05 169.000 0.5625
24 500 060.
0
CS-2 700 F

Material : SA285GRC Corrosion : 0 in
Vacuum curve : CS-2 Tolerance : 0 in
n
o
= 169 in
o
= /
outside height : h
o
= 42.531 in Axis ratio : D
o
/(2h
o
) = 2

(d) Elliptical heads
K
o
(Table UG-33.1) = 0.894 Equivalent outside radius R
o
= K
o
.D
o
= 151.094 in
(a)(1)(a) : E = 1 P
a(a)
= 1.67 P = 57.173 psi
UG-28 (d) : A =
t R
o
125 . 0
= 0.000465 P
a(d)
=
t R
B
o
= 21.431 psi
o
/t)) =
5 756.503 psi
(a)(1)(b) P
a
= MIN (P
a(a)
, P
a(d)
) = 21.431 psi P

Comments
AutoPIPE Vessel checks UG-33(a) (1) (a)
In ASME example value of K
1
from Table UG-37 is used and this is not correct.
AutoPIPE Vessel uses Table UG-33.1 (UG-33 FORMED HEADS, PRESSURE ON CONVEX SIDE) to determine K
0
.
That gives a different value of R
O



L-6.2 [t = 0.5 in.]

External pressure Torispherical Head (Section No.2)(in operation)

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
002 30.10 Fond 169.000 0.5000
24 500 060.
0
CS-2 700 F

n
o
= 169 in
o
= 169 in
outside height : h
o
= / Axis ratio : D
o
/(2h
o
) = /

(e) Torispherical heads
(a)(1)(a) : E = 1 P
a(a)
= 1.67 P = 28.638 psi
UG-28 (d) : A =
t R
o
125 . 0
= 0.00037 P
a(e)
=
t R
B
o
= 13.592 psi
o
/t)) =
4 594.229 psi
(a)(1)(b) : P
a
= MIN (P
a(a)
, P
a(e)
) = 13.592 psi < P
INSUFFICIENT THICKNESS

Comments


L-6.2 [t = 0.5625 in.]
External Pressure Torispherical Head (Section No.2)(in operation)

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
002 08 169.125 0.5625
24 500 060.
0
CS-2 700 F

n
o
= 169.125 in
o
= 169.063 in
outside height : h
o
= / Axis ratio : D
o
/(2h
o
) = /

(e) Torispherical heads
(a)(1)(a) : E = 1 P
a(a)
= 1.67 P = 32.216 psi
UG-28 (d) : A =
t R
o
125 . 0
= 0.000416 P
a(e)
=
t R
B
o
= 17.22 psi
o
/t)) =
5 175.545 psi
(a)(1)(b) : P
a
= MIN (P
a(a)
, P
a(e)
) = 17.22 psi P

Comments
t
n
and t should be read 0.5625


L-6.3

External Pressure Hemispherical head (Section No.2)(in operation)
Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
002 03 169.000 0.3125
24 500 060.
0
CS-2 700 F

n
o
= 169 in
o
= 84.5 in
outside height : h
o
= / Axis ratio : D
o
/(2h
o
) = /

(c) Hemispherical heads
UG-28 (d) : A =
t R
o
125 . 0
= 0.000462
o
/t)) =
5 720.772 psi
P
a
=
t R
B
o
= 21.157 psi P

Comments
t
n
and t should be read 0.3125


L-6.4 [t = 0.75 in.]
External Pressure Conical Head (Section No. 2)(in operation)

Ends of section :

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
002 30.23 Cne 169.500 0.7500
24 500 060.
0
CS-2 700 F

Unsupported shell length : 204.605 in half opening angle of conical shell : = 22.5
L
s
= 0 in

L = 204.604 in Fig. UG-33.1 L
e
= 102.302 in L
e
/D
L
= 0.604 t
e
= t cos() = 0.693 in D
L
/t
e
= 244.621
D
L
/t
e
D
L
/t
e
10 : P
a
=
e L
t D
B
3
4

D
L
/t
e
<10 : A =
( )
|
|
\
|
2
o
/ D
1.1
0.10, min
t
= / D
L
/t
e
< 10 : P
a
=
(
(
|
|
\
|
(
(
|
|
\
|
e L e L e L
t D t D
S
B
t D
1
1
2
; 0833 . 0
2.167
MIN
a
= 38.192 psi P

Comments
The cone to cylinder junction at large end is ignored like in ASME example.


L-6.4 [t = 0.563 in.]
External Pressure Conical Head (Section No. 2) (in operation)

Ends of section :

Tag
Diameter Thickness
modulus of
elasticity
Vacuum
curve
Temperature
(in) (in) (psi) (F)
002 30.23 Cne 169.126 0.5630
24 500 060.
0
CS-2 700 F

Unsupported shell length : 204.153 in half opening angle of conical shell : = 22.5
L
s
= 0 in

L = 204.153 in Fig. UG-33.1 L
e
= 102.077 in L
e
/D
L
= 0.604 t
e
= t cos() = 0.52 in D
L
/t
e
= 325.152
D
L
/t
e
D
L
/t
e
10 : P
a
=
e L
t D
B
3
4

D
L
/t
e
<10 : A =
( )
|
|
\
|
2
o
/ D
1.1
0.10, min
t
= / D
L
/t
e
< 10 : P
a
=
(
(
|
|
\
|
(
(
|
|
\
|
e L e L e L
t D t D
S
B
t D
1
1
2
; 0833 . 0
2.167
MIN
a
= 19.243 psi P

Comments
The cone to cylinder junction at large end is ignored like in ASME example.
ASME example uses rounded values.
Le =L/2 = 204.153/2 = 102.0765 in; Le / D
L
= 102.0765/169.126 = 0.603553 ; te = t cos() = 0.563x 0.92388 = 0.52 in
D
L
/ te = 169.126/0.52 = 325.152 10 A = 0.000378 ; B = 4692.673 psi
Pa = 4/3 [B/(D
L
/te)] = 4/3 x [4692.673/325.152) = 19.243 psi P



Appendix L-7 [Openings and reinforcements]


L-7.1

Isolated Opening(s)
Figures for all configurations from FIG. UG-37.1 And FIG UG-40.
Shell ( = 0 ) or Cone ( > 0 ) : in longitudinal plane.
Nozzle with or without pad, set-in or set-on Selfreinforcing nozzle, set-in or set-on

Cylndrical or conical shell : circumferential plane
Head : in the plane that contains the axis of the nozzle and the longitudinal axis of vessel.
Nozzle with or without pad, set-in or set-on Selfreinforcing nozzle, set-in or set-on

h
d
R
t
te
L2
tp
L1
>90
< 90
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
i
o
n

tn
trn
tr
L<2.5tx
L2.5tx
te=0
tn

d
R
t
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
i
o
n

tn
te
30
tx
S
e
l
f

h
e
i
g
h
t

tx

L1

tn
h
R
t
te
L2
tp

P
r
o
j
e
c
t
i
o
n

d
trn
tr
>90
< 90

tn
h
R
t
te

P
r
o
j
e
c
t
i
o
n

d
30
L2.5tx
te=0
S
e
l
f

h
e
i
g
h
t

tn
tx
tx
L<2.5tx



Opening 1 [ in operation Int.P. ] (Process)
ASME VIII DIV.1
Nozzle without pad on Shell (No. 1) Set In
Pressure : P = 250 psi Temperature : 150 F
Shell Material :SA516GR55 Allowable stress : S
v
= 13 700 psi
Joint efficiency : 1 E
1
= 1 Corrosion + tolerance : Ca
v
= 0 in Allowable stress : S = 13 700 psi
Ext. Diameter : D
o
= 30.75 in Nominal thickness : 0.375 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : /
Nozzle Neck Material : SA516GR55 Allowable stress : S
n
= 15 000 psi
Joint efficiency : 1 Corrosion + tolerance : Ca
n
= 0 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : /
Ext. Diameter : D
on
= 5.5 in Nominal thickness : 0.75 in
External Projection : 7.875 in Internal Projection : 0 in Schedule :
Inclination : 0 Eccentricity : 0 in
Flange Material : / Type : /
Rating : / Height : / /
Pad Material : / Allowable stress : S
p
= /
Height : / Width : / Ext. Diameter : D
op
= /
Weld Outside : leg
41
= 0.375 in outer reinforcement : leg
42
= / Inside : leg
43
= /

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 1 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
) = 1

Required thickness of the nozzle neck UG-27
t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
E-0.6P) = 0.0337 in R
n
= 2 in E = 1
The nozzle neck thickness is adequate per UG-27.
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0.034 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-27
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 0.277 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0.226 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0.226 in
Dimensions FIG. UG-40
angle of plane with longitudinal axis : Longitudinal plane : = 0 Circumferential plane : = 90
angle of each side / vessel wall : = 90 = 90 = / = /
= deflection angle / normal line 0
d = diameter of the finished opening 4 in
R
n
= radius of the finished opening 2 in
t
i
= thickness of internal projection /
t
p
= width of reinforcing pad /
t
x
= thickness of selfreinforcing /
L = height of selfreinforcing / /
Configuration of the reinforcement : / /
t
e
= thickness or height of the reinforcement 0 in 0 in
t
n
= thickness of nozzle 0.75 in 0.75 in
h = height of the internal projection 0 in 0 in

Reinforcement checking UG-37 opening 1 [ in operation Int.P. ]
Required thicknesses UG-37(a)
t
r
= 0.2768 in [ UG-27(c) ] t = 0.375 in E = 1
t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
E-0.6P) = 0.0337 in R
n
= 2 in E = 1

Limits of reinforcement UG-40 :
Longitudinal plane : = 0 Circumferential plane : = 90
= 90 = 90 = / = /
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 4 in 4 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 0.938 in 0.938 in

Area required UG-37 (c) : Longitudinal plane : = 0 Circumferential plane : = 90
F = Correction factor FIG.UG-37 1
A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 1.107 in
2



Lengths and heights of calculation of the areas :
= 90 = 90 = / = /
L
1
= min [ UG-40(b)-Radius , length available ] 2 in 2 in
L
2
= min [ UG-40(c) , height available ] 0.938 in 0.938 in
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0 in 0 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (b)-R
on
, t
p
, length available] 0 in 0 in

Area available (in
2
) :
= 90 = 90 = / = /
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 0.196 0.196
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
0.672 0.672
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0 0
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r2
0.07 0.07
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0 0
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0 0
A
5
= L
5
t
e
f
r4
0 0
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
0.938 A/2 0.938 A/2
1.877 A
The opening is adequately reinforced per UG-37.
Weld sizes check UW-16(c). opening 1 [ in operation Int.P. ]
Fig. UW-16.1(d) full penetration weld
Minimum throat required actual
t
c,outward

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= 0.25 in
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
41
= 0.2625 in
t
c,inward

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= /
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
43
Ca
n
= /
Weld sizes are adequate

Weld loads check UG-41(b).
Strength calculations for attachments welds are not required for this opening in accordance with UW-15(b).

tn = 0.75
t = 0.375
tc,outward
tc,inward
leg41
leg43


L-7.2 (without reinforcing plate)
Opening 1 [ in operation Int.P. ]
ASME VIII DIV.1
v
= 14 300 psi
1
v
Ext. Diameter : D
o
= 61,5 in Nominal thickness : 0,75 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : /
Nozzle Material : SA516GR55 Allowable stress : S
n
= 16 600 psi
n
Ext. Diameter : D
on
= 12,75 in Nominal thickness : 0,5 in
External Projection : 12 in Internal Projection : 0 in Schedule :
Flange Material : SA105 Type : WN
Rating : (ASME B16.5) 300 Height : 5,12 in NPS 12"
p
= /
op
= /
Weld Outside : leg
41
= 0,375 in outer reinforcement : leg
42
= / Inside : leg
43
= /

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 0.923 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
) = 0.923

t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
-0.6P) = 0,0893 in R
n
= 5,875 in E = 1
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0.089 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-27
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 0.53 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0.328 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0,328 in
angle of plane with longitudinal axis : Longitudinal Plane : = 0 Circumferential Plane : = 90
d = diameter of the finished opening 11,75 in
R
n
= radius of the finished opening 5,875 in
t
i
t
p
t
x
t
e
t
n
= thickness of nozzle 0,5 in 0,5 in

t
r
= 0.53 in [ UG-27(c) ] t = 0,75 in E = 1
t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
E-0.6P) = 0,0893 in R
n
= 5,875 in E = 1

Longitudinal Plane : = 0 Circumferential Plane : = 90
= 90 = 90 = / = /
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 11,75 in 11,75 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 1,25 in 1,25 in

Area required UG-37 (c) : Longitudinal Plane : = 0 Circumferential Plane : = 90
A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 6,228 in



= 90 = 90 = / = /
L
1
= min [ UG-40 (b)-Radius , length available] 5,875 in 5,875 in
L
2
= min [ UG-40 (c) , height available] 1,25 in 1,25 in
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0 in 0 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (b) , t
p
, length available ] 0 in 0 in

Area available (in) :
= 90 = 90 = / = /
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 1,292 1,292
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
0,513 0,513
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0 0
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r2
0,07 0,07
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0 0
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0 0
A
5
= L
5
t
e
f
r4
0 0
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
1,876 <A/2 1,876 <A/2
3,752 <A
The opening is not adequately reinforced per UG-37.
FIG. UW-16.1(d) full penetration weld
t
c,outward

min( in. (6 mm),0.7t
min
) = 0,25 in
t
min
= min( in. (19 mm) , t , t
n
)
0.7leg
41
= 0,2625 in
t
c,inward

min
) = /
t
min
= min( in. (19 mm) , t , t
n
)
0.7leg
43
= /

Weld loads check UG-41(b)

tn = 0,5
t = 0,75
tc,outward
tc,inward
leg41
leg43


L-7.2 (with reinforcing plate of 3 in. wide x 0.375 in. thick
ASME VIII DIV.1
Nozzle with pad (0,3753) on Shell (No. 1) Set In
v
= 14 300 psi
1
v
Ext. Diameter : D
o
n
= 16 600 psi
n
Ext. Diameter : D
on
Pad Material : SA516GR60 Allowable stress : S
p
= 13 200 psi
Height : 0,375 in Width : 3 in Ext. Diameter : D
op
= 18,75 in
Weld outward : leg
41
42
= 0,3125 in inward : leg
43
= /

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 0.923 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
) = 0.923

t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
-0.6P) = 0,0893 in R
n
= 5,875 in E = 1
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0.089 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-27
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 0.53 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0.328 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0,328 in
R
n
t
i
t
p
= width of reinforcing pad 3 in
t
x
Configuration of the reinforcement : sketch (b-1) sketch (b-1)
t
e
= thickness or height of the reinforcement 0,375 in 0,375 in
t
n

t
r
= 0.53 in [ UG-27(c) ] t = 0,75 in E = 1
t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
E-0.6P) = 0,0893 in R
n
= 5,875 in E = 1

= 90 = 90 = / = /
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 11,75 in 11,75 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 1,625 in 1,625 in

Area required UG-37 (c) : Longitudinal Plane : = 0 Circumferential Plane : = 90
A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 6,228 in



= 90 = 90 = / = /
L
1
= min [ UG-40 (b)-radius , length available] 5,875 in 5,875 in
L
2
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0 in 0 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (b) , t
p

= 90 = 90 = / = /
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 1,292 1,292
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
0,667 0,667
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0 0
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r3
0,065 0,065
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0,045 0,045
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0 0
A
5
= L
5
t
e
f
r4
1,038 1,038
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
3,108 <A/2 3,108 <A/2
6,216 <A
FIG. UW-16.1 (d)+(a-1) full penetration weld
t
c,inner

min
) = 0,25 in
t
min
= min( in. (19 mm) , t , t
n
)
0.7leg
41
= 0,2625 in
t
c,outer

0.5 t
min
= 0,1875 in
t
min
= min( in. (19 mm). , t
e
, t)
0.7leg
42
= 0,2188 in
t
c

min
) = /
t
min
= min( in. (19 mm) , t , t
n
)
0.7leg
43
= /

Weld loads check UG-41(b). opening 1 [ in operation Int.P. ]
FIG. UG-41.1 (a)
full penetration weld
Allowable strengths UW-15(c) + UG-41(a) + UG-45(c) + L-7
Outer fillet weld in shear :
s
w,outer
= /4 D
op
leg
42
0.49 min( S
p
, S
v
) = 29 765 lbf
Inner fillet weld in shear :
s
w,inner
= /4 D
on
leg
41
0.49 min( S
p
, S
n
) = 24 289 lbf
Inside fillet weld in shear :
s
c
= /4 D
on
leg
43
0.49 min( S
n
, S
v
) = 0 lbf
Lower groove weld in tension :
s
g,lower
= /4 D
on
t 0.74 min( S
n
, S
v
) = 79 475 lbf
Upper groove weld in tension :
s
g,upper
= /4 D
on
t
e
0.74 min( S
n
, S
p
) = 36 681 lbf
Nozzle wall in shear :
s
n
= /4 (D
on
t
n
) t
n
0.70 S
n
= 55 899 lbf

Loads to be carried by welds Fig. UG-41.1(a)
= 90 = 90 = =
Total : W = [ A A
1
+ t
n
f
r1
( E
1
t F t
r
)] S
v
27 623 lbf 27 623 lbf
Path 1-1 : W
1-1
= (A
2
+A
5
+A
41
+A
42
) S
v
25 967 lbf 25 967 lbf
Path 2-2 : W
2-2
= (A
2
+A
3
+A
41
+A
43
+t
n
t f
r1
) S
v
15 835 lbf 15 835 lbf
Path 3-3 : W
3-3
= (A
2
+A
3
+A
5
+A
41
+A
42
+A
43
+t
n
t f
r1
) S
v
31 329 lbf 31 329 lbf

Check strength paths
= 90 = 90 = =
Path 1-1 : min(W;W
1-1
) s
w,outer
+ s
n
yes yes
Path 2-2 : min(W;W
2-2
) s
w,inner
+s
g,upper
+s
g,lower
+s
c
yes yes
Path 3-3 : min( W , W
3-3
) s
w,outer
+s
g,lower
+s
c
yes yes
Strength of welded joints is adequate
t = 0,75
tc,inner
tc
leg41
leg43
te = 0,375
tc,outer
leg42
tn = 0,5
1
3
2
3
2
1


L-7.2 (with reinforcing plate of 3.125 in. wide and 0.375 in. thick)
ASME VIII DIV.1
Nozzle with pad (0,3753,125) on Shell (No. 1) Set In
v
= 14 300 psi
1
v
Ext. Diameter : D
o
n
= 16 600 psi
n
Ext. Diameter : D
on
p
= 13 200 psi
Height : 0,375 in Width : 3,125 in Ext. Diameter : D
op
= 19 in
Weld Outside : leg
41
42
= 0,3125 in Inside : leg
43
= /

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 0.923 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
) = 0.923

t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
-0.6P) = 0,0893 in R
n
= 5,875 in E = 1
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0.089 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-27
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 0.53 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0.328 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0,328 in
R
n
t
i
t
p
= width of reinforcing pad 3,125 in
t
x
t
e
t
n

t
r
= 0.53 in [ UG-27(c) ] t = 0,75 in E = 1
t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
E-0.6P) = 0,0893 in R
n
= 5,875 in E = 1

= 90 = 90 = / = /
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 11,75 in 11,75 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 1,625 in 1,625 in

A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 6,228 in



= 90 = 90 = / = /
L
1
L
2
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0 in 0 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (b) , t
p
, length available ] 3,125 in 3,125 in

= 90 = 90 = / = /
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 1,292 1,292
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
0,667 0,667
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0 0
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r3
0,065 0,065
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0,045 0,045
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0 0
A
5
= L
5
t
e
f
r4
1,082 1,082
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
3,151 A/2 3,151 A/2
6,303 A
t
c,inner

min
) = 0,25 in
t
min
= min( in. (19 mm) , t , t
n
)
0.7leg
41
= 0,2625 in
t
c,outer

0.5 t
min
= 0,1875 in
t
min
= min( in. (19 mm). , t
e
, t)
0.7leg
42
= 0,2188 in
t
c

min
) = /
t
min
= min( in. (19 mm) , t , t
n
)
0.7leg
43
= /

FIG. UG-41.1 (a)
s
w,outer
= /4 D
op
leg
42
0.49 min( S
p
, S
v
) = 30 162 lbf
s
w,inner
= /4 D
on
leg
41
0.49 min( S
p
, S
n
) = 24 289 lbf
s
c
= /4 D
on
leg
43
0.49 min( S
n
, S
v
) = 0 lbf
s
g,lower
= /4 D
on
t 0.74 min( S
n
, S
v
) = 79 475 lbf
s
g,upper
= /4 D
on
t
e
0.74 min( S
n
, S
p
) = 36 681 lbf
s
n
= /4 (D
on
t
n
) t
n
0.70 S
n
= 55 899 lbf

= 90 = 90 = =
Total : W = [ A A
1
+ t
n
f
r1
( E
1
t F t
r
)] S
v
27 623 lbf 27 623 lbf
Path 1-1 : W
1-1
= (A
2
+A
5
+A
41
+A
42
) S
v
26 585 lbf 26 585 lbf
Path 2-2 : W
2-2
= (A
2
+A
3
+A
41
+A
43
+t
n
t f
r1
) S
v
15 835 lbf 15 835 lbf
Path 3-3 : W
3-3
= (A
2
+A
3
+A
5
+A
41
+A
42
+A
43
+t
n
t f
r1
) S
v
31 948 lbf 31 948 lbf

= 90 = 90 = =
Path 1-1 : min(W;W
1-1
) s
w,outer
+ s
n
yes yes
Path 2-2 : min(W;W
2-2
) s
w,inner
+s
g,upper
+s
g,lower
+s
c
yes yes
3-3
) s
w,outer
+s
g,lower
+s
c
yes yes
t = 0,75
tc,inner
tc
leg41
leg43
te = 0,375
tc,outer
leg42
tn = 0,5
1
3
2
3
2
1


L-7.4
ASME VIII DIV.1
Nozzle Self Reinforcing (3,252 = 25 ) on Shell (No. 1) Set-on
v
= 11 400 psi
1
v
= 0,063 in Allowable stress : S = 11 400 psi
Ext. Diameter : D
o
= 100 in Nominal thickness : 2 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : /
Nozzle Material : SA105 Allowable stress : S
n
= 12 000 psi
n
= 0,063 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : /
Ext. Diameter : D
on
Flange Material : SA105 Type : LN
Rating : (ASME B16.5) 600 height : 3.25 in NPS 16"
p
= /
Height : 2 in Width : 3,25 in Ext. Diameter : D
op
= 26 in
Weld Outside : leg
41
42
= / Inside : leg
43
= /

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 1 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
) = 1

t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
-0.6P) = 0,2917 in R
n
= 8,063 in E = 1
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0,354 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-27
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 1,895 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0,391 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0,3905 in
R
n
t
i
t
p
t
x
= thickness of selfreinforcing 4,9375 in
L = height of selfreinforcing 2 in 2 in
Configuration of the reinforcement : sketch (e-1) sketch (e-1)
t
e
= thickness or height of the reinforcement 3.5 in 3.5 in
t
n

t
r
= 1,8328 in [ UG-27(c) ] t = 1,9375 in E = 1
t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
E-0.6P) = 0,2917 in R
n
= 8,063 in E = 1

= 90 = 90 = / = /
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 16,125 in 16,125 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 4,844 in 4,844 in

A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 29,554 in



= 90 = 90 = / = /
L
1
L
2
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0 in 0 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (c) , t
e
, height available ] 3.5 in 3.5 in

= 90 = 90 = / = /
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 0,844 0,844
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
6,761 6,761
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0 0
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r2
0,281 0,281
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0 0
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0 0
A
5
= L
5
(t
x
-t
n
) f
r2
8,937 8,937
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
16,824 A/2 16,824 A/2
33,647 A
FIG. UW-16.1(a) full penetration weld
t
c

min
)= 0,25 in
t
min
= min( in. (19 mm) , t , t
n
)
0.7leg
41
= 0,525 in


tn = 1,688
t = 1,937
tc
leg41


1.75
1
2
2
3.25
2
4
4
8
'
1
3
.
7
1
9
5
7
3
.
7
1
9
5
7
16
26
1

t
e
limited to self reinforcement height : 2 +1.5 = 3.5 in
Calculation of A
5
area :
a) part of cylindrical reinforcement : 3.25 x 2 = 6.5 in
2

b) part of cone : 3.25 x 1.5 /2 = 2.4375 in
2

A
5
= 6.5 +2.4375 = 8.9375 in
2
t
e

According to FIG UG-40 (e-1)
Comments


L-7.5
ASME VIII DIV.1
v
= 13 700 psi
1
v
Ext. Diameter : D
o
= 87 in Nominal thickness : 2 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : /
n
= 13 700 psi
n
= 0,25 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : /
Ext. Diameter : D
on
= 16 in Nominal thickness : 0,75 in
Rating : (ASME B16.5) 300 height : 5,12 in NPS 12"
p
= 13 700 psi
op
= 28,25 in
Weld Outside : leg
41
42
43
= /

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 1 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
) = 1

t
rn
= P R
on
/ (S
n
+0.4P) = 0,2878 in R
on
= 8 in E=1
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0,538 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-27
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 1,808 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0,578 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0,578 in
d = diameter of the finished opening 15 in
R
n
= radius of the finished opening 7.5 in
t
i
t
p
t
x
t
e
t
n

t
r
= 1,5578 in [ UG-27(c) ] t = 1,75 in E = 1
t
rn
= P R
on
/ (S
n
E+0.4P) = 0,2878 in R
on
= 8 in E = 1
]
= 90 = 90 = / = /
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 15 in 15 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 2,75 in 2,75 in

A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 23,368 in



= 90 = 90 = / = /
L
1
L
2
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0 in 0 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (b) , t
p

= 90 = 90 = / = /
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 1,441 1,441
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
0,584 0,584
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0 0
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r3
0,07 0,07
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0,383 0,383
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0 0
A
5
= L
5
t
e
f
r4
9,188 9,188
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
11,665 <A/2 11,665 <A/2
23,331 <A
t
c,inner

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= 0,25 in
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t
e
, t
n
]
0.7leg
41
= 0,2625 in
t
c,outer

0.5 t
min
= 0,375 in
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t
e
, t]
0.7leg
42
= 0,6125 in
t
c

min[ in. (6 mm);0.7t
min
]= /
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
43
Ca
n
= /

FIG. UG-41.1 (a)
s
w,outer
= /4 D
op
leg
42
0.49 min( S
p
, S
v
) = 130 327 lbf
s
w,inner
= /4 D
on
leg
41
0.49 min( S
p
, S
n
) = 31 634 lbf
s
c
= /4 D
on
leg
43
0.49 min( S
n
, S
v
) = 0 lbf
s
g,lower
= /4 D
on
t 0.74 min( S
n
, S
v
) = 222 946 lbf
s
g,upper
= /4 D
on
t
e
0.74 min( S
n
, S
p
) = 191 097 lbf
s
n
= /4 (D
on
t
n
) t
n
0.70 S
n
= 58 373 lbf

= 90 = 90 = =
Total : W = [ A A
1
+ t
n
f
r1
( E
1
t F t
r
)] S
v
141 639 lbf 141 639 lbf
Path 1-1 : W
1-1
= (A
2
+A
5
+A
41
+A
42
) S
v
140 072 lbf 140 072 lbf
Path 2-2 : W
2-2
= (A
2
+A
3
+A
41
+A
43
+t
n
t f
r1
) S
v
20 947 lbf 20 947 lbf
Path 3-3 : W
3-3
= (A
2
+A
3
+A
5
+A
41
+A
42
+A
43
+t
n
t f
r1
) S
v
152 060 lbf 152 060 lbf

= 90 = 90 = =
Path 1-1 : min(W;W
1-1
) s
w,outer
+ s
n
yes yes
Path 2-2 : min(W;W
2-2
) s
w,inner
+s
g,upper
+s
g,lower
+s
c
yes yes
3-3
) s
w,outer
+s
g,lower
+s
c
yes yes
t = 1,75
tc,inner
tc
leg41
leg43
te = 1,5
tc,outer
leg42
tn = 0,49
1
3
2
3
2
1


Comments

Calculation of t
r,n
is normally done in AutoPIPE Vessel with formula of external diameter and consequently gives a
different thickness than in ASME example.
t
rn
= 500x8 / (13700+0.4x500) = 0,28777 in

t
r
= 500x41.75 / (13700-0.6x500) = 1,55784 in

Required area to be reinforced :
A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) = 15x1.55784 = 23.3676 in
2
(ASME example value is 23.4 in
2
)

Available areas on each side :
A
1
= 7.5x(1.75-1.55784) = 1.4412 in
2
(ASME example value is 2.85/2 =1.425 in
2
)
A
2
= 2.75x(0.5-0.28777) = 0.5836 in
2
(ASME example value is 1.21/2 =0.605 in
2
)
A
3
= 0 in
2

A
41
= 0.375
2
/2= 0.0703 in
2
(ASME example value of the sum of A
41
and A
42
is 0.906/2 = 0.453 in
2
)
A
42
= 0.875
2
/2= 0.3828 in
2
ASME example value of the sum of A
41
and A
42
is 0.906/2 = 0.453 in
2
)
A
43
= 0 in
2
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
= A
13
= 2.4779 in
2
(ASME example value is 4.97/2 = 2.485 in
2
)

A
5
= 6.125x1.5 = 9.1875 in
2
(ASME example value is 18.4/2 = 9.2 in
2
)
Total of available areas in AutoPIPE Vessel calculation : 2.4779+9.1875 = 11.6654 in
2
< 23.3676/2 = 11.6835 in
2

Total of available areas in ASME example is : 2.485+9.2 = 11.685 in2 < 23.4/2 =11.7 in2

ASME example conclusion is : This is equal to the required area; therefore, opening is adequatly reinforced.
ASME calculation is not correct. There are too many rounded values resulting in an important error.


L-7.6
ASME VIII DIV.1
Nozzle without pad on Elliptical Head (No. 2) Set In
v
= 17 500 psi
1
v
Ext. Diameter : D
o
= 24 in Nominal thickness : 0,188 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : /
Nozzle Material : SA106GRB Allowable stress : S
n
= 12 000 psi
n
= 0 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : 12,5 %
Ext. Diameter : D
on
= 8,625 in Nominal thickness : 0,25 in NPS 8"
External Projection : 9,906 in Internal Projection : 0,6 in Schedule : 20
Rating : / height : /
p
= /
op
= /
Weld Outside : leg
41
42
= / Inside : leg
43
= 0,25 in

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 0.686 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 0.686 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 0.686 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
) = 1

Required thickness of the nozzle neck Appendix 1-1
t
rn
= P R
on
/ (S
n
+0.4P) = 0,0536 in R
on
= 4,313 in E=1
The nozzle neck thickness is adequate per Appendix 1-1.
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0.054 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-32
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 0.101 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0.282 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0,1013 in
R
n
t
i
= thickness of internal projection 0,25 in
t
p
t
x
t
e
t
n
h = height of the internal projection 0,6 in 0,6 in

t
r
= 0.0912 in [ UG-37(a)(c) + UG-27(d) ] t = 0,1875 in K
1
(Table UG-37) = 0,9 E = 1
t
rn
= P R
on
/ (S
n
E+0.4P) = 0,0536 in R
on
= 4,313 in E = 1

= 90 = 90 = / = /
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 8,125 in 8,125 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 0,469 in 0,469 in

A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 0,756 in



= 90 = 90 = / = /
L
1
L
2
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0,469 in 0,469 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (b) , t
p

= 90 = 90 = / = /
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 0,381 0,381
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
0,063 0,063
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0,08 0,08
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r2
0,021 0,021
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0 0
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0,021 0,021
A
5
= L
5
t
e
f
r4
0 0
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
0,567 A/2 0,567 A/2
1,135 A
t
c,outward

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= 0,1313 in
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
41
= 0,175 in
t
c,inward

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= 0,1313 in
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
43
= 0,175 in


Comments
AutoPIPE Vessel does not take into account weld attachment following FIG.UW-16.1(i) and consequently does not
check weld loading.
tn = 0,25
t = 0,188
tc,outward
tc,inward
leg41
leg43


L-7.7 (nozzle thickness = in.)
Opening A [ in operation Int.P. ]
ASME VIII DIV.1
Nozzle without pad on Shell (No. 1) Set-in
Pressure : P = 1 000 psi Temperature : 150 F
v
= 13 800 psi
1
v
Ext. Diameter : D
o
n
= 15 000 psi
n
Ext. Diameter : D
on
= 5 in Nominal thickness : 0,5 in
p
= /
op
= /
Weld outward : leg
41
42
= / inward : leg
43
= /

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 1 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
) = 1

t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
-0.6P) = 0,1389 in R
n
= 2 in E=1
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0.139 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-27
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 1.136 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0.226 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0,226 in
angle of each side / vessel wall : = 90 = 90 = 43,34 = 136,66
= deflection angle / normal line 0 46,66
d = diameter of the finished opening 4 in 6,366 in
R
n
= radius of the finished opening 2 in 3,183 in
t
i
= thickness of internal projection / /
t
p
= width of reinforcing pad / /
t
x
= thickness of selfreinforcing / /
L = height of selfreinforcing / / / /
Configuration of the reinforcement : / / / /
t
e
= thickness or height of the reinforcement 0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in
t
n
= thickness of nozzle 0,5 in 0,5 in 0,5 in 0,5 in
h = height of the internal projection 0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in

Reinforcement checking UG-37 opening A [ in operation Int.P. ]
t
r
= 1.1364 in [ UG-27(c) ] t = 1,5 in E = 1
t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
E-0.6P) = 0,1389 in R
n
= 2 in E = 1

= 90 = 90 = 43,34 = 136,66
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 4 in 4 in 6,366 in 6,366 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 1,25 in 1,25 in 1,25 in 1,25 in

F = Correction factor FIG.UG-37 1 0,5
A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 4,545 in 3,617 in



= 90 = 90 = 43,34 = 136,66
L
1
= min [ UG-40 (b)-Radius , length available] 2 in 2 in 3,161 in 3,161 in
L
2
= min [ UG-40 (c) , height available] 1,25 in 1,25 in 1,25 in 1,25 in
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (b) , t
p
, length available ] 0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in

= 90 = 90 = 43,34 = 136,66
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 0,727 0,727 2,946 2,946
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
0,451 0,451 0,451 0,451
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0 0 0 0
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r2
0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0 0 0 0
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0 0 0 0
A
5
= L
5
t
e
f
r4
0 0 0 0
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
1,304 <A/2 1,304 <A/2 3,522 A/2 3,522 A/2
2,607 <A 7,044 A
Weld sizes check UW-16(c). opening A [ in operation Int.P. ]
t
c,outward

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= 0,25 in
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
41
= 0,35 in
t
c,inward

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= /
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
43
= /


Comments
Differences are due to the fact that AutoPIPE Vessel calculates d using the nominal thickness of the shell (1.5 in.)
instead of the calculated value t
r
.

t
r
= (1000x15)/(13800-0.6*1000) = 1.1364 in (ASME value is 1.14in)
Angles are different and consequently d.
AutoPIPE Vessel calculation :
Rm = 15 + (1.5/2) = 15.75 in
1
= arc cos((12+2)/15.75) = 27.266
2
= arc cos((12-2)/15.75) = 50.586
= 50.586-27.266 = 23.32
d = 2x15.75x(1-cos(/2)
2
) = 6.366 in
ASME calculation is approximative taking account the rounding of t
r
value.

UG parts is based on the use of the internal diameter and figure UG-37.1 shows extra thickness for reinforcement
outside.
If thickness is calculated according to Appendix 1-1 ,we can consider probably that extra thickness for reinforcement is
inside. Consequently, d may be different for the same geometry following that the thickness is calculated with the
internal or the external diameter.
tn = 0,5
t = 1,5
tc,outward
tc,inward
leg41
leg43


L-7.7 (nozzle thickness = 7/8 in.)
Opening A [ in operation Int.P. ]
ASME VIII DIV.1
Pressure : P = 1 000 psi Temperature : 150 F
v
= 13 800 psi
1
v
Ext. Diameter : D
o
n
= 17 100 psi
n
Ext. Diameter : D
on
p
= /
op
= /
Weld Outside : leg
41
42
= / Inside : leg
43
= /

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 1 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 1 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
) = 1

t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
-0.6P) = 0,1212 in R
n
= 2 in E=1
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0.121 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-27
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 1.136 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0.245 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0.245 in
angle of each side / vessel wall : = 90 = 90 = 43,34 = 136,66
= deflection angle / normal line 0 46,66
d = diameter of the finished opening 4 in 6,366 in
R
n
= radius of the finished opening 2 in 3,183 in
t
i
= thickness of internal projection / /
t
p
= width of reinforcing pad / /
t
x
= thickness of selfreinforcing / /
L = height of selfreinforcing / / / /
Configuration of the reinforcement : / / / /
t
e
= thickness or height of the reinforcement 0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in
t
n
= thickness of nozzle 0,875 in 0,875 in 0,875 in 0,875 in
h = height of the internal projection 0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in

Reinforcement checking UG-37 opening A [ in operation Int.P. ]
t
r
= 1.1364 in [ UG-27(c) ] t = 1,5 in E = 1
t
rn
= P R
n
/ (S
n
E-0.6P) = 0,1212 in R
n
= 2 in E = 1

= 90 = 90 = 43,34 = 136,66
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 4,375 in 4,375 in 6,366 in 6,366 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 2,188 in 2,188 in 2,188 in 2,188 in

F = Correction factor FIG.UG-37 1 0,5
A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 4,545 in 3,617 in



= 90 = 90 = 43,34 = 136,66
L
1
= min [ UG-40 (b)-Radius , length available] 2,375 in 2,375 in 3,161 in 3,161 in
L
2
= min [ UG-40 (c) , height available] 2,188 in 2,188 in 2,188 in 2,188 in
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (b) , t
p
, length available ] 0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in

= 90 = 90 = 43,34 = 136,66
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 0,864 0,864 2,946 2,946
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
1,649 1,649 1,649 1,649
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0 0 0 0
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r2
0,125 0,125 0,125 0,125
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0 0 0 0
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0 0 0 0
A
5
= L
5
t
e
f
r4
0 0 0 0
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
2,638 A/2 2,638 A/2 4,719 A/2 4,719 A/2
5,275 A 9,439 A
Weld sizes check UW-16(c). opening A [ in operation Int.P. ]
t
c,outward

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= 0,25 in
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
41
= 0,35 in
t
c,inward

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= /
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
43
= /


Comments
Same as for L7-7 (nozzle thickness = in)
tn = 0,875
t = 1,5
tc,outward
tc,inward
leg41
leg43


L-7.8 + UG-45
ASME VIII DIV.1
v
= 17 500 psi
1
v
Ext. Diameter : D
o
Nozzle Material : SA106GRB Allowable stress : S
n
= 12 000 psi
n
= 0,125 in Tolerance for seamless pipe : 12,5 %
Ext. Diameter : D
on
= 10,75 in Nominal thickness : 0,594 in NPS 10"
External Projection : 10,438 in Internal Projection : 0 in Schedule : 80
Reinforcement Material : SA516GR60 Allowable stress : S
p
= 15 000 psi
op
= 16,25 in
Weld Outside : leg
41
42
43
= /

fr
1
=min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 0.686 fr
2
= min(1,S
n
/S
v
) = 0.686 fr
3
= min(1,min(S
n
, S
p
)/S
v
) = 0.686 fr
4
= min(1,S
p
/S
v
)
= 0.857

Required thickness of the nozzle neck Appendix 1-1
t
rn
= P R
on
/ (S
n
+0.4P) = 0,133 in R
on
= 5,375 in E=1
The nozzle neck thickness is adequate per Appendix 1-1.
t
a
= t
rn
+Ca
n
= 0.258 in ; t
b1
= max[t
UG-27
, UG-16(b)]+Ca
v
= 0.491 in ; t
b3
= Table UG-45+Ca
n
= 0.444 in
t
UG-45
= max [t
a
, min [t
b3
, t
b1
] ] = 0,444 in
R
n
t
i
t
p
t
x
t
e
t
n

t
r
= 0.3659 in [ UG-27(c) ] t = 0,4375 in E = 1
t
rn
= P R
on
/ (S
n
E+0.4P) = 0,133 in R
on
= 5,375 in E = 1

= 90 = 90 = / = /
UG-40 (b) : max [d , R
n
+t
n
+t ] = 9,812 in 9,812 in
UG-40 (c) : min [ 2.5t , 2.5t
n
+t
e
] = 1,094 in 1,094 in

A = d t
r
F + 2 t
n
/cos() t
r
F (1-f
r1
) 3,698 in



= 90 = 90 = / = /
L
1
L
2
L
3
= min [ h , 2.5t , 2.5t
i
] = 0 in 0 in
L
5
= min [ UG-40 (b) , t
p

= 90 = 90 = / = /
A
1
= L
1
(E
1
t-t
r
F) - t
n
/cos() (E
1
t-t
r
F) (1-f
r1
) 0,341 0,341
A
2
= L
2
(t
n
-t
rn
) fr
2
0,252 0,252
A
3
= L
3
t
i
f
r2
0 0
A
41
= leg
41
2
/2 f
r3
0,048 0,048
A
42
= leg
42
2
/2 f
r4
0,06 0,06
A
43
= leg
43
2
/2 f
r2
0 0
A
5
= L
5
t
e
f
r4
1,179 1,179
A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
+ A
41
+ A
42
+ A
43
+ A
5
=
1,88 A/2 1,88 A/2
3,759 A
t
c,inner

min[ in.(6 mm);0.7t
min
]= 0,25 in
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t
e
, t
n
]
0.7leg
41
= 0,2625 in
t
c,outer

0.5 t
min
= 0,2187 in
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t
e
, t]
0.7leg
42
= 0,2625 in
t
c

min[ in. (6 mm);0.7t
min
]= /
t
min
= min[ in.(19 mm) ; t , t
n
]
0.7leg
43
= /

FIG. UG-41.1 (a)
s
w,outer
= /4 D
op
leg
42
0.49 min( S
p
, S
v
) = 35 177 lbf
s
w,inner
= /4 D
on
leg
41
0.49 min( S
p
, S
n
) = 18 617 lbf
s
c
= /4 D
on
leg
43
0.49 min( S
n
, S
v
) = 0 lbf
s
g,lower
= /4 D
on
t 0.74 min( S
n
, S
v
) = 32 801 lbf
s
g,upper
= /4 D
on
t
e
0.74 min( S
n
, S
p
) = 37 487 lbf
s
n
= /4 (D
on
t
n
) t
n
0.70 S
n
= 31 81 lbf

= 90 = 90 = =
Total : W = [ A A
1
+ t
n
f
r1
( E
1
t F t
r
)] S
v
26 800 lbf 26 800 lbf
Path 1-1 : W
1-1
= (A
2
+A
5
+A
41
+A
42
) S
v
26 933 lbf 26 933 lbf
Path 2-2 : W
2-2
= (A
2
+A
3
+A
41
+A
43
+t
n
t f
r1
) S
v
7 715 lbf 7 715 lbf
Path 3-3 : W
3-3
= (A
2
+A
3
+A
5
+A
41
+A
42
+A
43
+t
n
t f
r1
) S
v
29 395 lbf 29 395 lbf

= 90 = 90 = =
Path 1-1 : min(W;W
1-1
) s
w,outer
+ s
n
yes yes
Path 2-2 : min(W;W
2-2
) s
w,inner
+s
g,upper
+s
g,lower
+s
c
yes yes
3-3
) s
w,outer
+s
g,lower
+s
c
yes yes
t = 0,4372
tc,inner
tc
leg41
leg43
te = 0,5
tc,outer
leg42
tn = 0,469
1
3
2
3
2
1


UG 45 NOZZLE NECK THICKNESS
case of pipe nozzle
Outer Diameter of nozzle = 10.75 in
Nominal thickness of nozzle = 0.594 in
Pipe (yes =1) = 1
Tolerance (12.5 % nominal thickness for pipe) = 0.07425 in
Tolerance (other than pipe) 0 in
Corrosion allowance = 0.125 in
Design pressure = 300 psi
Allowable stress = 12000 psi
Minimum calculated shell thickness (internal pressure) = 0.3659 in
Minimum calculated shell thickness (external pressure) = 0 in
Standard nozzle thickness = 0.365 in

before release 2010
Thickness according UG45B1 = 0.4909 in (Mini shell thk +CA with E=1)
Thickness according UG16B = 0.1875 in (1/16 in + CA)
Thickness according UG45B2 = in (Ext pressure pres.thk +CA)
Thickness according UG45B4 = 0.444375 in Standard thk * 0.875 + CA
Thickness according UG45A = 0.258706 in (Mini nozzle thk +CA)

Minimum nozzle neck thickness requirement :
Max ( Min (Max ( UG45B1,UG16B,UG45B2 ),UG45B4),UG45A) mini = 0.44438 in

Minimum undertoleranced thickness of nozzle neck = 0.51975 in thickness OK per UG 45

release 2010
ta = 0.258706 in
tb1 = 0.4909 in
tb2 = in

TABLE UG-45 (undertoleranced standard
thickness) = 0.319 in
tb3 = 0.444 in
tb = min(tb3,max(tb1,tb2)) = 0.444 in
tUG45 = 0.444 in

Minimum undertoleranced thickness of nozzle neck 0.51975 in thickness OK per UG 45



Part UHX

General comment
ASME examples have not been updated.
AutoPIPE Vessel examples are issued from ASME VIII div.1 2010-2011a
Consequently, where W* is used for bolting connection and if W* is null, values of Q2 and resulting values are different.


UHX-20.1.1 Tubesheet Integral with Shell and Channel
Tubesheet, Loading conditions 2 [corroded normal condition].
ASME VIII DIV.1
2010 2011a
[UHX-12]
Tubesheet
Tubes Shell Tubeside
Tubeside Shellside
Pressure P
t
=140 psi P
s
=-10 psi
Corrosion c
t
=0 in c
s
=0 in 0 in 0 in
Material SA240GR316 SA213TP316 SA240GR316 SA240GR316
Temperature 500 F (T

=/) 500 F (Tt,m=/) 500 F (Ts,m=/) 500 F (Tc
=/)
Allowable Stress S = 18 000 psi S
a
= 20 000 psi S
t
= 18 000 psi S
s
= 18 000 psi S
c
= 18 000 psi
Yield Strength S
y
= 20 000 psi S
y,t
= 20 000 psi S
y,s
= 20 000 psi S
y,c
= 20 000 psi
modulus of elasticity E = 25 800.1 ksi E
t
= 25 800.1 ksi E
s
= 25 800.1 ksi E
c
= 25 800.1 ksi
Poissons ratio = 0.3
t
= 0.3
s
= 0.3
c
= 0.3
Diameter A = 12.939 in d
t
=0.75 in 12.39 in 12.313 in
Nominal thicknesses 0.521 in t
t
=0.065 in 0.18 in 0.313 in
Tolerance 0 in

pattern Square N
t
=76 L = / OTL=11.6 in p=1 in

Configuration a
D
s
= 12.39 in t
s
= 0.18 in h = 0.521 in
D
c
= 12.313 in t
c
= 0.313 in h
p
= 0.521 in
h
g
= 0 in
Extra thickness (periphery) : Tubeside : 0 in Shellside : 0 in

Tubesheet characteristics
Diameter of perforated region D
0
= 2r
0
+d
t
= 11.6 in r
0
= 5.425 in
Tube expansion depth ratio = l
t,x
/h = 0 l
t,x
= 0 in
Effective Tube Pitch
p
*
=
( ) | |
2
4 , MIN 4
1
O
O L
D
p D A
p
= 1.152 in
basic ligament efficiency : = (p- d
t
)/p = 0.25
effective ligament efficiency :
*
= (p
*
- d
*
)/ p
*
= 0.349
d
*
= max[(d
t
-2t
t
E
t
/E S
t
/S ).(d
t
-2t
t
)]= 0.75 in
largest center-to-center distance between adjacent tube rows : U
L
= 2.25 in
Unperforated Area : A
L
= 26.1 in
Effective elastic constants E
*
= 11 492 530 psi
*
= 0,254 (Fig. UHX-11.3 , Fig. UHX-11.4)

Conditions of applicability
Minimum thickness : TEMA 9th Ed. RCB 7-11 U
L
4p

Parameters
s
= D
s
/D
0
= 1.068
c
= D
c
/D
0
= 1.061 M
TS
= D
0
2
/16 [(
s
-1)(
s
2
+1)P
s
-(
c
-1)(
c
2
+1)P
t
]
s
= ( ) ( )
s s s s
t t D +
4
2
1 12 = 1.209 in
-1

c
= ( ) ( )
c c c c
t t D +
4
2
1 12 = 0.914 in
-1

k
s
=
s
E
s
t
s
3
/ 6(1-
s
2
) = 33 304.05 lbf k
c
=
c
E
c
t
c
3
/ 6(1-
c
2
) = 132 498.6 lbf
s
= 6D
s
k
s
[1+h
s
+(h
2
s
2
/2)] / h
3
= 31 999 900 psi
c
= 6D
c
k
c
[1+h
c
+(h
2
c
2
/2)] / h
3
= 110 048 600 psi
s
= [D
s
2

/ (4E
s
t
s
)] (1-
s
/2) = 7.02438810
-6
in
3
/lbf
c
= [D
c
2

/ (4E
c
t
c
)] (1-
c
/2) = 3.9895310
-6
in
3
/lbf
s
=
s
k
s
s
(1+h
s
) = 0.492109 in
2

c
=
c
k
c
c
(1+h
c
) = 0.757528 in
2

W
s
= 0.0000 lbf W
c
= 0.0000 lbf
W
m1s
= 0.0000 lbf W
m1c
= 0.0000 lbf
W
max
= max[W
s
, W
c
] W
m1max
= max[W
m1s
, W
m1c
]
h
g
= max[(h
g
-c
t
),(0)] = 0 in K = A/D
0
= 1.115 F =(1-
*
)/E
*
(
s
+
c
+E ln K)= 9.404

bending moments
M
*
=M
TS
+
c
P
t
-
s
P
s
M
p
= (M
*
- D
0
2
/32 F (P
s
-P
t
))/(1+F)
M = max(|M
p
|;|M
0
|) M
0
= M
p
+ D
0
2
/64 (3+
*
) (P
s
-P
t
)
Case W
*
P
s
(psi) P
t
(psi) M
TS
(lb.in/in) M
*
(lb.in/in) M
p
(lb.in/in) M
0
(lb.in/in) M (lb.in/in)
1
2
3
0
0
0
0
-10
-10
140
0
140
-153.9086
-12.26169
-166.1703
-47.85456
-7.340597
-55.19516
527.5189
37.30293
564.8218
-430.2753
-31.11094
-461.3862
527.5189
37.30293
564.8218

h
D
c

D
s

t
c

t
s

h
p



Bending stresses in the Tubesheet :
= 6 M / [
*
(h-h
g
)
2
] |, shall be S
b
= 2S
Shear stresses in the Tubesheet :
= 1/(4) (D
0
/h
p
) |P
s
-P
t
|
|, shall be S
= 0.8S = 1/(4) ({4A

p
/C
p
}/h
p
) |P
s
-P
t
| if |P
s
-P
t
| > 3.2S h
p
/D
0

where : C
p
= 38.5 in and A
p
= 68.25 in
Case (psi) S
b
(psi) (psi) S
(psi)
1
2
3
33 595
2 361
35 756
36 000
36 000
36 000
3 117
223
3 340
14 400
14 400
14 400

Axial tube stress
a
0
= D
0
/2 x
s
= 1-N
t
(d
t
/2a
0
)
2
x
t
= 1-N
t
((d
t
-2t
t
)/2a
0
)
2

t,o
= [P
t
(1x
t
) P
s
(1x
s
)] / (x
t
x
s
)

[UW-20] Tube-To-Tubesheet Welds Fig. (c)
a
f
= 0.175 in a
g
= 0.175 in a
c
= a
f
+ a
g
F
f
=min(0.55 a
f
(d
t
+0.67a
f
) S
w
; F
t
)=2 517.836 lbf
A
t
= (d
t
-t
t
)t
t
f
w
= S
t
/ S
w
= 1 f
f
=1-F
g
/(f
d
F
t
) F
g
=min(0.85 a
g
(d
t
+0.67a
g
) S
w
; F
t
)=2 517.836 lbf
L
a
= |
t,o
, A
t
F
d
= min (L
actual
; F
t
) f
d
= 1.0 S
w
= min (S
t
; S) F
t
= (d
t
-t
t
) S
t
= 2 517.836 lbf
[UW-20.4] Case (1-3) : L
max
=F
t
Case (4-7) : L
max
=2F
t
L
a
shall be L
max

[UW-20.6] a
r
= 2 [ ( (0.75d
t
)
2
+ 1.07t
t
(d
t
-t
t
)f
w
f
d
)
0.5
- 0.75d
t
] a
c
shall not be < max(a
r
,t
t
)
Case
t,o
(psi) F
d
(lbf) f
d
f
f
a
r
(in) L
a
(lbf) L
max
(lbf)
1
2
3
302
32
334
42.267
4.418
46.685
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.082
0.082
0.082
42.267
4.418
46.685
2 517.836
2 517.836
2 517.836

Shell stresses calculation
Membrane
stress
s,m
= ( )
s s s s s
P t D t D + 4
2

Axial
bending
stress
s,b
= ( )
(
(
|
|
\
|
+ |
\
|
+
+
t s
2
0
p
s
3
0
*
*
s s 2
s
32 2
1
1
6
6
P P
D
M
h
h
D
E
P k
t
s s

Total axial
stress
s
= |
s,m
| + |
s,b
|
s
shall be S
mb,s
=1,5S
s

otherwise perform the elastic-plastic calculation procedure if
s
S
PS,s
= 3 S
,s
=
54 000 psi
Case
s,b
(psi)
s,m
(psi)
s
(psi) S
mb,s
(psi)
1
2
3
-15 851
-1 753
-17 604
0
-170
-170
15 851
1 923
17 774
27 000
27 000
27 000
The shell shall have a uniform thickness adjacent to the
Tubesheet for a minimum length of l
s
.
l
s
=
s s
. t D + 8 1 = 2,688 in

Channel stresses calculation
Membrane
stress
c,m
= ( )
t c c c c
P t D t D + 4
2

bending
stress
c,b
= ( )
(
(
|
|
\
|
+ |
\
|
+
+
t s
2
0
3
0
*
*
2
32 2
1
1
6
6
P P
D
M
h
h
D
E
P k
t
p
c
c c c c
c

Total axial
stress
c
= |
c,m
| + |
c,b
|
c
shall be S
mb,c
=1,5S
c

c
S
PS,c
= 3 S
,c
=
54 000 psi
Case
c,b
(psi)
c,m
(psi)
c
(psi) S
mb,c
(psi)
1
2
3
23 785
1 524
25 309
1 343
0
1 343
25 127
1 524
26 651
27 000
27 000
27 000
The channel shall have a uniform thickness adjacent to the
c
.
l
c
=
c c
t D + 8 0. = 3,534 in
Error(s) and/or warning(s)
The thickness is acceptable
The stresses in the shell and/or channel integral with tubesheet are acceptable


AutoPIPE Vessel checking
UHX-12.1 Configuration a
cylinder

UHX-12.3 factors 0.3
shell Ps = -10 psi
Ds = 12.39 in

ts = 0.18 in
Gs = 0 in
Ss = 18000 psi
Sy,s = 20000 psi
Es = 25800000 psi
Sps,s = psi

channel Pt = 140 psi
Dc = 12.313 in
tc = 0.313 in
Gc = 0 in
Sc = 18000 psi
Sy,c = 20000 psi
Ec = 25800000 psi
Sps,c = psi

tubesheet h = 0.521 in
d= in
Do = 11.6 in
A = 12.939 in G1 = in
C = 0 in W* = 0
hg = 0 in equal fillet and groove welds
ct = 0 in expansion 0 %
cs = 0 in
S = 18000 psi
E = 25800000 psi

tube Nt = 76 tubes pitch : (90) p = 1 in
dt = 0.75 in minimum U radius 1.125 in
tt = 0.065 in number of pitch for Cp 34
stT = 18000 psi
Sy,t = 20000 psi
EtT = 25800000 psi

UHX-11.5 UL1 = 2.25 in = 0.25 d* = 0.75 in
UHX-12.5 LL1 = 11.6 in = 0.349167893 p* = 1.15237093 in
AL = 26.1 in2 = 0 h'g = 0 in
ltx = 0 in ro = 5.425 in

Fig. UHX-11.4 0.5 2 0.521
(pitch 90) h/p = 0.521 0 = 0.0394 0.0372 0.0393692
1 = 1.3024 1.0314 1.298606
E*/E = 0.44544631 2 = -1.1041 -0.6402 -1.0976054
3 = 2.8714 2.6201 2.8678818
4 = -2.3994 -2.1929 -2.396509



0.5 1
* = 0.25392992 0 = 0.3636 0.3527 0.3631422
1 = -0.8057 -0.2842 -0.783797
2 = 2.0463 0.4354 1.9786422
3 = -2.2902 -0.0901 -2.1977958
4 = 1.1862 -0.159 1.1297016
case 1 Ps = 0 psi Pt = 140 psi
case 2 Ps = -10 psi Pt = 0 psi
case 3 Ps = -10 psi Pt = 140 psi

Step 1 Do = 11.6 in Step 7
= 0.25 case 1 Mp = 527.518947 lb.in / in
= 0.34916789 Mo =
-
430.275324 lb.in / in
h'g = 0 in M = 527.518947 lb.in / in
case 2 Mp = 37.3029323 lb.in / in
Step 2 s= 1.06810345 Mo =
-
31.1109442 lb.in / in
c= 1.06146552 M = 37.3029323 lb.in / in
case 1 MTs = -153.90887 lb.in / in case 3 Mp = 564.82188 lb.in / in
case 2 MTs = -12.2616896 lb.in / in Mo =
-
461.386269 lb.in / in
case 3 MTs = -166.17056 lb.in / in M = 564.82188 lb.in / in

Step 3 h/p = 0.521 Step 8
E*/E = 0.44544631 case 1 = 33394.8552 psi
* = 0.25392992 2 S OK
case 2 = 2361.4811 psi
Step 4 s = 1.20851423 c = 0.914430279 2 S OK
ks = 33303.9961 kc = 132498.4123 case 3 = 35756.3363 psi
s = 31999843.6 c = 110048441.2 2 S OK
s = 7.0244E-06 c = 3.98954E-06
s = 0.49210905 c= 0.757528882

Step 5 K = 1.11543103 Step 9
F = 9.40444385 case 1 = 3117.08253 psi
0.8 S OK
Step 6 case 2 = 222.648752 psi
case 1 M* = -47.8548267 lb.in / in 0.8 S OK
case 2 M* = -7.34059906 lb.in / in case 3 = 3339.73129 psi
case 3 M* = -55.1954258 lb.in / in 0.8 S OK

Step 10
case 1 s,m = 0 psi s,b = -15850.60261 psi
s = |s,m| + |s,b| = 15850.60261 psi 1.5 Ss OK
c,m = 1342.72069 psi c,b = 23784.67283 psi
c = |c,m| + |c,b| = 25127.39352 psi 1.5 Sc OK
case 2 s,m = -169.619133 psi s,b = -1753.412641 psi
s = |s,m| + |s,b| = 1923.031774 psi 1.5 Ss OK
c,m = 0 psi c,b = 1523.888808 psi
c = |c,m| + |c,b| = 1523.888808 psi 1.5 Sc OK
case 3 s,m = -169.619133 psi s,b = -17604.01525 psi
s = |s,m| + |s,b| = 17773.63439 psi 1.5 Ss OK
c,m = 1342.72069 psi c,b = 25308.56164 psi


c = |c,m| + |c,b| = 26651.28233 psi 1.5 Sc OK

Comments for discrepancies between AutoPIPE Vessel and ASME example
Elasticity modulus for Stainless Steel 316 (16Cr-12Ni-2Mo) has been input because read value from Table TM-1 of
Section II Part D (GroupG at 500F) is 25,9 10
6
psi.
Some of values in ASME example have been rounded like parameters, AutoPIPE Vessel calculation gives for
example :
s
= 12.39/11.6 = 1.0681 ;
c
= 12.313/11.6 = 1.0615
M
TS
= 11.6
2
/16 [(1.0681-1)(1.0681
2
+1)x-10-(1.0615-1)(1.0615
2
+1)x140] = -166.17026
Consequently, results are slightly different.


UHX-20.1.2 Tubesheet gasketed with Shell and Channel
ASME VIII DIV.1
2010 2011a
[UHX-12]
Tubesheet
Tubeside Shellside
Pressure P
t
=135 psi P
s
=-15 psi
Corrosion c
t
=0,125 in c
s
=0 in 0 in 0 in
Material SA285GRC
SB111-C70600-
H55
SA516GR60 SA516GR60

=/) 300 F (Tt,m=/) 300 F (Ts,m=/) 300 F (Tc
=/)
a
= 15 700 psi S
t
= 10 000 psi S
s
= 17 100 psi S
c
= 17 100 psi
Yield Strength S
y
= 26 500 psi S
y,t
= 31 600 psi S
y,s
= 28 300 psi S
y,c
= 28 300 psi
modulus of elasticity E = 28 300,1 ksi E
t
= 15 400 ksi E
s
= 28300,1 ksi E
c
= 28300,1 ksi
t
= 0.3
s
= 0.3
c
= 0.3
Diameter A = 20 in d
t
=0.625 in 16.978 in 16.978 in
t
=0.065 in 0.375 in 0.375 in
Tolerance 0 in

pattern Rotated Triangular N
t
=386 L = / OTL=16.8 in p=0.75 in

Configuration d
D
s
= 16.978 in G
s
= 19 in h = 1.28 in
D
c
= 16.978 in G
c
= 19 in h
p
= 1.28 in
h
g
= 0 in t
s
= 0.375 in t
c
= 0.375 in
Extra thickness (periphery) : Tubeside = 0 in Shellside = 0 in

0
= 2r
0
+d
t
= 16.8 in r
0
= 8.087 in
t,x
/h = 1 l
t,x
= 1.28 in
p
*
=
( ) | |
2
4 , MIN 4
1
O
O L
D
p D A
p
= 0.805 in
t
)/p = 0,167
*
= (p
*
- d
*
)/ p
*
= 0,28
d
*
= max[(d
t
-2t
t
E
t
/E S
t
/S ),(d
t
-2t
t
)]= 0,58 in
L
= 1.75 in
L
= 29,4 in
*
= 7 506 417 psi
*
= 0.358 (Fig. UHX-11.3 , Fig. UHX-11.4)

L
4p

Parameters
s
= G
s
/D
0
= 1.131
c
= G
c
/D
0
= 1.131 M
TS
= D
0
2
/16 [(
s
-1)(
s
2
+1)P
s
-(
c
-1)(
c
2
+1)P
t
]
s
= ( ) ( )
s s s s
t t D +
4
2
1 12 = /
c
= ( ) ( )
c c c c
t t D +
4
2
1 12 = /
k
s
=
s
E
s
t
s
3
/ 6(1-
s
2
) = 0 lbf k
c
=
c
E
c
t
c
3
/ 6(1-
c
2
) = 0 lbf
s
= 6D
s
k
s
[1+h
s
+(h
2
s
2
/2)] / h
3
= 0 psi
c
= 6D
c
k
c
[1+h
c
+(h
2
c
2
/2)] / h
3
= 0 psi
s
= [D
s
2

/ (4E
s
t
s
)] (1-
s
/2) = 0 in
3
/lbf
c
= [D
c
2

/ (4E
c
t
c
)] (1-
c
/2) = 0 in
3
/lbf
s
=
s
k
s
s
(1+h
s
) = 0 in
2

c
=
c
k
c
c
(1+h
c
) = 0 in
2

W
s
= 0.337810
6
lbf W
c
= 0.337810
6
lbf
W
m1s
= 0.0000 lbf W
m1c
= 0.653410
5
lbf
W
max
= max[W
s
, W
c
] W
m1max
= max[W
m1s
, W
m1c
]
h
g
= max[(h
g
-c
t
),(0)] = 0 in K = A/D
0
= 1.19 F =(1-
*
)/E
*
(
s
+
c
+E ln K)= 0.422

h
D
c

G
c

G
s

h
p

D
s



bending moments
M
*
=M
TS
+
c
P
t
-
s
P
s
+((G
c
-G
s
)/2D
0
)W
*
M
p
= (M
*
- D
0
2
/32 F (P
s
-P
t
))/(1+F)
M = max(|M
p
|;|M
0
|) M
0
= M
p
+ D
0
2
/64 (3+
*
) (P
s
-P
t
)
Case W
*
P
s
(psi) P
t
(psi) M
TS
(lb.in/in) M
*
(lb.in/in) M
p
(lb.in/in) M
0
1
2
3
W
m1c

W
m1s

W
m1max

0
-15
-15
135
0
135
-710.7117
-78.96794
-789.6796
-710.7117
-78.96794
-789.6796
-146.1635
-16.24037
-162.4039
-2 145.09
-238.3433
-2 383.433
2 145.09
238.3433
2 383.433

Bending stresses in the Tubesheet :
= 6 M / [
*
(h-h
g
)
2
] |, shall be S
b
= 2S
Shear stresses in the Tubesheet :
= 1/(4) (D
0
/h
p
) |P
s
-P
t
|
|, shall be S
= 0.8S = 1/(4) ({4A

p
/C
p
}/h
p
) |P
s
-P
t
| if |P
s
-P
t
| > 3.2S h
p
/D
0

in which : C
p
= 54,5 in and A
p
= 189.103 in
Case (psi) S
b
(psi) (psi) S
(psi)
1
2
3
28 071
3 119
31 190
31 400
31 400
31 400
2 658
295
2 953
12 560
12 560
12 560

Axial tube stress
a
0
= D
0
/2 x
s
= 1-N
t
(d
t
/2a
0
)
2
x
t
= 1-N
t
((d
t
-2t
t
)/2a
0
)
2

t,o
= [P
t
(1x
t
) P
s
(1x
s
)] / (x
t
x
s
)

Tube-to-Tubesheet joint
S
min
= min( S ; S
t
) Welded tubes : S
t,j
= min[ ( S
min
g / t
t
) ; S
t
] (Weld : g = 0 in)
S
t,j
= 8 000 psi Expanded joint
(0 groove(s) )
no groove : S
t,j
= 0.5 S
min
min[ ( l
t,x
/ d
t
) ; 1.6 ]
|
t,o
, shall be S
t,j
one groove : S
t,j
= 0.6 S
min

with grooves > 1 : S
t,j
= 0.8 S
min


UHX-12.1 Configuration d
cylinder
UHX-12.3 factors 0.3
shell Ps = -15 psi
Ds = 16.978 in
ts = 0.375 in
Gs = 19 in
Ss = 17100 psi
Sy,s = 28300 psi
Es = 28300000 psi
Sps,s = psi

channel Pt = 135 psi
Dc = 16.978 in
tc = 0.375 in
Gc = 19 in
Sc = 17100 psi
Sy,c = 28300 psi
Ec = 28300000 psi
Sps,c = psi
tubesheet hnew = 1.405 in
h = 1.28 in
d= in


Do = 16.8 in
A = 20 in G1 = in
C = 0 in W* = 0
hg = 0 in equal fillet and groove welds
ct = 0.125 in expansion 0 %
cs = 0 in
S = 15700 psi
E = 28300000 psi

tube Nt = 386 tubes pitch : (60) p = 0.75 in
dt = 0.625 in minimum U radius 0.875 in
tt = 0.065 in number of pitch for Cp
stT = 10000 psi
Sy,t = 31600 psi ltx = in
EtT = 15400000 psi ltx/h = 1

UHX-11.5 UL1 = 1.75 = 0.166666667 d* = 0.57994137
UHX-12.5 LL1 = 16.8 = 0.279846218 p* = 0.805302124
AL = 29.4 = 1 h'g = 0
ro = 8.0875

Fig. UHX-11.3 0.5 2 1.706666667
(pitch
60) h/p = 1.706666667 0 = 0.0054 -0.0029 -0.00127689
1 = 0.5279 0.2126 0.27425867
E*/E = 0.265244238 2 = 3.0461 3.9906 3.80589778
3 = -4.3657 -6.173 -5.81957244
4 = 1.9435 3.4307 3.13986978

1 2
* = 0.357565577 0 = 0.9923 0.9966 0.99533867
1 = -4.8759 -4.1978 -4.39670933
2 = 12.3572 9.0478 10.0185573
3 = -13.7214 -7.9955 -9.67509733
4 = 5.7629 2.2398 3.27324267

case 1 Ps = 0 Pt = 135
case 2 Ps = -15 Pt = 0
case 3 Ps = -15 Pt = 135

Step 1 Do = 16.8 Step 7
= 0.166666667 case 1 Mp =
-
146.1719455
= 0.279846218 Mo =
-
2145.098611
h'g = 0 M = 2145.098611
case 2 Mp =
-
16.24132727
Step 2 s= 1.130952381 Mo =
-
238.3442902
c= 1.130952381 M = 238.3442902
case 1 MTs = -710.7227679 case 3 Mp =
-
162.4132727
case 2 MTs = -78.96919643 Mo = -


2383.442902
case 3 MTs = -789.6919643 M = 2383.442902

Step 3 h/p = 1.706666667 Step 8
E*/E = 0.265244238 case 1 = 28071.08054
* = 0.357565577 2 S OK
case 2 = 3119.008949
Step 4 s = 0 c = 0 2 S OK
ks = 0 kc = 0 case 3 = 31190.08949
s = 0 c = 0 2 S OK
s = 0 c = 0
s = 0 c = 0

Step 5 K = 1.19047619 Step 9
F = 0.42229237 case 1 = 2657.8125
0.8 S OK
Step 6 case 2 = 295.3125
case 1 M* = -710.7227679 0.8 S OK
case 2 M* = -78.96919643 case 3 = 2953.125
case 3 M* = -789.6919643 0.8 S OK

Comments
Some of values in ASME example have been rounded like parameters.


UHX-20.1.4 Tubesheet gasketed with Shell and Integral with Channel extended as a flange
ASME VIII DIV.1
2010 -2011a
[UHX-12]
Tubesheet
Tubes Shell Channel
Tubeside Shellside
Pressure P
t
=650 psi P
s
=650 psi
Corrosion c
t
=0.125 in c
s
=0 in 0 in 0 in
Material SA516GR70 SA179 SA516GR70 SA516GR70

=/) 400 F (Tt,m=/) 400 F (Ts,m=/) 400 F (Tc
=/)
a
= 20 000 psi S
t
= 13 400 psi S
s
= 20 000 psi S
c
= 20 000 psi
Yield Strength S
y
= 32 500 psi S
y,t
= 22 200 psi S
y,s
= 32 500 psi S
y,c
= 32 500 psi
modulus of elasticity E = 27 700.1 ksi E
t
= 27 700.1 ksi E
s
= 27 700.1 ksi E
c
= 27 700.1 ksi
t
= 0.3
s
= 0.3
c
= 0.3
t
=0.75 in 31 in 31 in
t
=0.085 in 0.625 in 0.625 in
Tolerance 0 in

pattern Square N
t
=496 L = / OTL=26,25 in p=1 in

Configuration e t
s
= 0.625 in t
c
= 0.625 in
D
s
= 31 in C = 35 in h = 3.5 in
D
c
= 31 in G
s
= 32.375 in h
p
= 3.313 in
h
g
= 0 in Recessed face = 0.188 in t
fl
= 2.935 in
Extra thickness (periphery) : Tubeside = 0 in Shellside = 0.188 in

0
= 2r
0
+d
t
= 26.25 in r
0
= 12.75 in
t,x
/h = 1 l
t,x
= 3.5 in
p
*
=
( ) | |
2
4 , MIN 4
1
O
O L
D
p D A
p
= 1,035 in
t
)/p = 0.25
*
= (p
*
- d
*
)/ p
*
= 0.385
d
*
= max[(d
t
-2t
t
E
t
/E S
t
/S ),(d
t
-2t
t
)]= 0.636 in
L
= 1.375 in
L
= 36.094 in
2

*
= 12 224 340 psi
*
= 0.318 (Fig. UHX-11.3 , Fig. UHX-11.4)

L
4p

Parameters
s
= G
s
/D
0
= 1.233
c
= D
c
/D
0
= 1.181 M
TS
= D
0
2
/16 [(
s
-1)(
s
2
+1)P
s
-(
c
-1)(
c
2
+1)P
t
]
s
= ( ) ( )
s s s s
t t D +
4
2
1 12 = /
c
= ( ) ( )
c c c c
t t D +
4
2
1 12 = 0.409 in
-1

k
s
=
s
E
s
t
s
3
/ 6(1-
s
2
) = 0 lbf k
c
=
c
E
c
t
c
3
/ 6(1-
c
2
) = 506 440.2 lbf
s
= 6D
s
k
s
[1+h
s
+(h
2
s
2
/2)] / h
3
= 0 psi
c
= 6D
c
k
c
[1+h
c
+(h
2
c
2
/2)] / h
3
= 7 591 004 psi
s
= [D
s
2

/ (4E
s
t
s
)] (1-
s
/2) = 0 in
3
/lbf
c
= [D
c
2

/ (4E
c
t
c
)] (1-
c
/2) = 11.7956410
-6
in
3
/lbf
s
=
s
k
s
s
(1+h
s
) = 0 in
2

c
=
c
k
c
c
(1+h
c
) = 7.012692 in
2

W
s
= 0.656010
6
lbf W
c
= 0.0000 lbf
W
m1s
= 0.640410
6
lbf W
m1c
= 0.0000 lbf
W
max
= max[W
s
, W
c
] W
m1max
= max[W
m1s
, W
m1c
]
h
g
= max[(h
g
-c
t
),(0)] = 0 in K = A/D
0
= 1.419 F =(1-
*
)/E
*
(
s
+
c
+E ln K)= 0.964

bending moments
h
D
c

t
fl

G
s

C
A
h
p



M
*
=M
TS
+
c
P
t
-
s
P
s
+((C-G
s
)/2D
0
)W
*
M
p
= (M
*
- D
0
2
/32 F (P
s
-P
t
))/(1+F)
M = max(|M
p
|;|M
0
|) M
0
= M
p
+ D
0
2
/64 (3+
*
) (P
s
-P
t
)
Case W
*
P
s
(psi) P
t
(psi) M
TS
(lb.in/in) M
*
(lb.in/in) M
p
(lb.in/in) M
0
1
2
3
0
W
m1s

W
m1s

0
650
650
650
0
650
-12 129.92
16 467.23
4 337.309
-7 571.668
26 660.3
19 088.63
3 017.57
6 699.226
9 716.796
-20 202.12
29 918.92
9 716.796
20 202.12
29 918.92
9 716.796

Bending stress in the Tubesheet :
= 6 M / [
*
(h-h
g
)
2
] |, shall be S
b
= 2S
Shear stress in the Tubesheet :
= 1/(4) (D
0
/h
p
) |P
s
-P
t
|
|, shall be S
= 0.8S = 1/(4) ({4A

p
/C
p
}/h
p
) |P
s
-P
t
| si |P
s
-P
t
| > 3.2S h
p
/D
0

in which : C
p
= 94.75 in and A
p
= 457 in
2

Case (psi) S
b
(psi) (psi) S
(psi)
1
2
3
25 669
38 016
12 346
40 000
40 000
40 000
5 151
5 151
0
16 000
16 000
16 000
Axial tube stress
a
0
= D
0
/2 x
s
= 1-N
t
(d
t
/2a
0
)
2
x
t
= 1-N
t
((d
t
-2t
t
)/2a
0
)
2

t,o
= [P
t
(1x
t
) P
s
(1x
s
)] / (x
t
x
s
)
Tube-to-Tubesheet joint
S
min
= min( S ; S
t
) Welded tubes : S
t,j
= min[ ( S
min
g / t
t
) ; S
t
] (weld height : g = 0 in)
S
t,j
(0 groove(s) )
no groove : S
t,j
= 0.5 S
min
min[ ( l
t,x
/ d
t
) ; 1.6 ]
|
t,o
, shall be S
t,j
one groove : S
t,j
= 0.6 S
min

grooves > 1 : S
t,j
= 0.8 S
min

Channel stresses calculation
Membrane
Stress
c,m
= ( )
t c c c c
P t D t D + 4
2

bending
stress
c,b
= ( )
(
(
|
|
\
|
+ |
\
|
+
+
t s
2
0
3
0
*
*
2
32 2
1
1
6
6
P P
D
M
h
h
D
E
P k
t
p
c
c c c c
c

Total axial
stress
c
= |
c,m
| + |
c,b
|
c
shall be S
mb,c
= 1.5S
c

c
S
PS,c
= 2 S
y,c
=
65 000 psi
Case
c,b
(psi)
c,m
(psi)
c
(psi) S
mb,c
(psi)
1
2
3
54 418
-56 611
-2 192
7 901
0
7 901
62 319
56 611
10 093
30 000
30 000
30 000
The channel shall have a uniform thickness adjacent to the
c
.
l
c
=
c c
t D 8 . 1 = 7.923 in

perform a simplified elastic-plastic calculation :.
Configuration a-b-c : If S
mb,s
<
s
S
PS,s
S
PS,s
= / S
mb,s
= 1.5S
s

E
s
replace by E
s
*
=
s s mb s
S E
,
; recalculation of k
s
,
s

Configuration a-e-f : when S
mb,c
<
c
S
PS,c
S
PS,c
= 2 S
y,c
= 65 000 psi S
mb,c
= 1.5S
c

E
c
replace by E
c
*
=
c c mb c
S E
,
; recalculation of k
c
,
c

recalculation of , when S
b
= 2S the thickness is acceptable (h)
Case E
s
*
(psi) E
c
*
(psi) k
s
(lbf) k
c
(lbf)
s
(psi)
c
(psi)
1
2
/
/
19 218 970
20 164 720
/
/
351 380.7
368 671.8
/
/
5 266 826
5 526 000
Case F M
p
(lb.in/in) M
0
(lb.in/in) M (lb.in/in) (psi) S
b
(psi)
1
2
0.835
0.849
2 241.579
7 988.715
-20 978.12
31 208.41
20 978.12
31 208.41
26 655
39 654
40 000
40 000


Tubesheet flanged extension :
t
fl
= 2.935 in S = 20 000 psi S
a
= 20 000 psi G = 32.375 in
W
o
= W
m1
= 640 449 lbf W
a
= 655 968 lbf h
G
= 1.313 in
Minimum required thickness : h
r
=
(
(
G S
h W
G S
h W
G o
a
G a
9 . 1
;
9 . 1
max = 1.589 in

Comments
Some of values in ASME example have been rounded like parameters.


UHX-20.2.1 Tubesheet integral with Shell and gasketed with Channel extended as a flange
Tubesheet, Loading conditions 1 [corroded normal condition] (With expansion joint).
ASME VIII DIV.1
2010 - 2011a[UHX-
13]
Tubesheet
Tubes
Shell
Tubeside
Tubeside Shellside far tubesheet near tubesheet
Pressure (psi) P
t =400 P
s =150
Corrosion c
t
=0 in c
s
=0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in
Material SA516GR70 SA214 SA516GR70 SA516GR70 SA516GR60
Temperature 700 F 700 F 700 F 700 F
Metal temperature T

=550 F T
t.m
=510 F T
s.m
=550 F T
c
=550 F
t
= 10 500 psi / 0.85 S
s
= 18 100 psi S
s.1
= 18 100 psi S
c
= 15 300 psi
Yield Strength S
y
= 27 200 psi S
y.t
= 18 600 psi S
y.s
= 27 200 psi S
y.s.1
= 27 200 psi S
y,c
= 22 900 psi
modulus of elasticity E = 25 500 ksi E
t
=25 500 ksi E
s
=25 500 ksi E
s.1
=25 500 ksi E
c
=25 500 ksi
t
=0.083 in 0.188 in 0.188 in 0,25 in
t
=1 in 34.75 in 34.75 in 38 in
Tolerance 0 in
t
= 0.3
s
= 0.3
c
= 0.3

Length : L = 161.875 in l
1
= 0 in l
1
= 0 in

t
=649 OTL=34.25 in p=1.25 in

Configuration b t
s
= 0,188 in t
c
= 0.25 in
D
s
= 34.75 in C = 38.875 in h = 3.063 in
D
c
= 38 in G
c
= 36,8125 in h
p
= 2.875 in
h
g
= 0 in Flange face = 0 in t
fl
= 2.56 in
Extra thickness (periphery) : Tubeside = 0.188 in Shellside = 0 in

0
= 2r
0
+d
t
= 34.25 in r
0
= 16.625 in
t,x
/h = 0.95 l
t,x
= 2.909 in
p
*
=
( ) | |
2
4 , MIN 4
1
O
O L
D
p D A
p
= 1.25 in
t
)/p = 0.2
*
= (p
*
- d
*
)/ p
*
= 0.286
d
*
= max[(d
t
-2t
t
E
t
/E S
t
/S ),(d
t
-2t
t
)]= 0.892 in
L
= 0 in
L
= 0 in
2

*
= 6 706 388 psi
*
= 0.364 (Fig. UHX-11.3 , Fig. UHX-11.4)

Minimum thickness : CODAP C7.1.4.2 U
L
4p

h
g
= max[(h
g
-c
t
).(0)] a
0
= D
0
/2 = 17.125 in
a
s
= D
s
/2 = 17.375 in a
c
= G
c
/2 = 18.406 in
s
= a
s
/a
0
= 1.015
c
= a
c
/a
0
= 1.075
x
s
= 1-N
t
(d
t
/2a
0
)
2
= 0.447 x
t
= 1-N
t
((d
t
-2t
t
)/2a
0
)
2
= 0.615

Shell axial stiffness, tube axial stiffness and axial rigidity of expansion joint :
K
s
= (D
s
+t
s
) /[(L-l
1
-l
1
)/(E
s
t
s
)+ (l
1
+l
1
)/ (E
s,1
t
s,1
)]= 3 241 922 lbf/in K
J
= 11 388 lbf/in
K
t
= t
t
(d
t
-t
t
)E
t
/L = 37 666.64 lbf/in D
J
= 385 in
Shell-tubes stiffness factor Ratio of expansion joint to shell axial rigidity
K
s,t
= K
s
/(N
t
.K
t
)= 0.133 J = 1/(1+K
s
/K
J
) = 0.004
Shell coefficients Channel coefficients
s
= [12(1-
s
2
)]
1/4
/ [(D
s
+t
s,1
)t
s,1
]
1/2
= 0.7102 in
-1

c
= [12(1-
c
2
)]
1/4
/ [(D
c
+t
c
)t
c
]
1/2
= 0 in
-1

k
s
=
s
E
s,1
t
s,1
3
/ [6(1-
s
2
)] = 21 865.51 lbf k
c
=
c
E
c
t
c
3
/ [6(1-
c
2
)] = 0 lbf
s
= 6D
s
k
s
/h
3
(1+h
s
+h
2
s
2
/2) = 879 436 psi
c
= 6D
c
k
c
/h
3
(1+h
c
+h
2
c
2
/2) = 0 psi
s
= D
s
2
/4E
s,1
t
s,1

(1-
s
/2) = 53.6695510
-6
in/lbf
c
= D
c
2
/4E
c
t
c

(1-
c
/2) = 0 in/lbf

X
a
= [24(1-
*2
)N
t
E
t
t
t
(d
t
-t
t
)a
0
2
/(E
*
Lh
3
)]
1/4
= 3.963

Table UHX-13.1 Z
d
= 0.0246 Z
v
= 0.0643 Z
m
= 0.3715 Z
w
= 0.0643

K = A/D
0
= 1.182 F = (1-
*
)/E
*
(
s
+
c
+ElnK) = 0.489
= (1+
*
)F = 0.667 Q
1
= (
s
-1- Z
v
) / (1+ Z
m
) = -0.023
h
D
s

t
fl

G
c

C
A
h
p



Q
Z1
= (Z
d
+ Q
1
Z
w
) X
a
4
/ 2 = 2.856 Q
Z2
= (Z
v
+ Q
1
Z
m
) X
a
4
/ 2 = 6.888
U = [Z
w
+(
s
-1)Z
m
] X
a
4
/ (1+ Z
m
) = 13.776

s,m
(T
s,m
-T
a
) = 0.003504 in/in
s,m,1
(T
s,m
-T
a
) = 0.003504 in/in
t,m
(T
t,m
-T
a
) = 0.003212 in/in
=
t,m
(T
t,m
-T
a
) L-[
s,m
(T
s,m
-T
a
)(L- l
1
-l
1
)+
s,m,1
(T
s,m
-T
a
)(l
1
+l
1
)]
s
=
s
k
s
s
(1+h
s
) = 2.6851 in
c
=
c
k
c
c
(1+h
c
) = 0 in
s
*
= a
0
2
(
s
2
-1)(
s
-1)/4 -
s
= -2.6536 in
c
*
=a
0
2
[(
c
2
+1)(
c
-1)/4-(
s
-1)/2]-
c
= 9.6816 in
b
= (G
c
-C)/D
0
= -0.0602

P
s
= [x
s
+ 2(1- x
s
)
t
+ 2/K
s,t
(D
s
/D
0
)
2
s
(
s
2
-1)/(JK
s,t
) (1-J) /(2JK
s,t
) [D
J
2
-(D
s
)
2
] /D
0
2
) ] P
s

P
t
= [x
t
+ 2(1- x
t
)
t
+ 1/(JK
s,t
) ] P
t
P
= N
t
K
t
/( a
0
2
)
P
rim
= U /a
0
2
(
s
*
P
s
-
c
*
P
t
) P
W
= U
b
W
*
/ (2 a
0
2
)
W = 0.512910
6
lbf W
m1
= 0.512510
6
lbf
The effect of radial differential thermal expansion adjacent to the Tubesheet is considered (loading case 4,5,6 et 7).
T
s
*
= T
s
= 550 F T
c
*
= T
c
= 550 F T
r
= T

= 550 F
s

(T
s
*
-T
a
) = 0.003504 in/in
c

(T
c
*
-T
a
) = 0.003504 in/in

(T
r
-T
a
) = 0.003504 in/in
P
s
*
= E
s,1
t
s,1
/a
s
[
s

(T
s
*
-T
a
)-

(T
r
-T
a
)] P
c
*
= E
c
t
c
/a
c
[
c

(T
c
*
-T
a
)-

(T
r
-T
a
)]
P
= U / a
0
2
(
s
P
s
*
-
c
P
c
*
)
Equivalent Pressure : P
e
= JK
s,t
(P
s
P
t
+P
+P
+P
W
+P
rim
) / (1+ JK
s,t
[Q
Z1
+(
s
-1)Q
Z2
])
Case W
*
P
s
(psi) P
t
(psi) (in) P
s
(psi) P
t
(psi) P
W
(psi) P
(psi)
P
rim

(psi)
P
s
*
(psi) P
c
*
(psi) P
(psi) P
e
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
W
m1

0
W
m1

W
W
W
W
0
150
150
0
0
150
150
400
0
400
0
400
0
400
0.000
0.000
0.000
-0.047
-0.047
-0.047
-0.047
0
-46 387
-46 387
0
0
-46 387
-46 387
862 001
0
862 001
0
862 001
0
862 001
231
0
231
231
231
231
231
0
0
0
-1 254
-1 254
-1 254
-1 254
182
19
201
0
182
19
201
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-399
-21
-421
0
-400
-22
-421

Q
2
= [(
s
*
P
s
-
c
*
P
t
) - (
s
P
s
*
-
c
P
t
*
) + (
b
W
*
/(2)) ] / (1+ Z
m
) Q
3
= Q
1
+ 2Q
2
/(P
e
a
0
2
)
If P
e
0 : = (1.5F
m
/
*
) (2a
0
/(h-h
g

))
2
P
e

|| shall be
allowable

If P
e
= 0 : = (6 /
*
) (Q
2
/(h-h
g

))
2

= (1/(2)) (a
0
/h
p
) P
e

|| shall be
allowable
= (1/(4)) ({4A
p
/C
p
}/h
p
) P
e
If |P
e
| > 3.2S h
p
/D
0

with : C
p
= 112.5 in , A
p
= 815.958 in
2

Case h
g
(in) Q
2
(lbf) Q
3
F
m
(psi)
allowable
(psi) (psi)
allowable
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
-7 040.685
-319.030
-7 359.715
-3 940.284
-7 044.244
-4 259.314
-7 363.274
0.0976
0.0786
0.0966
56.6267
0.0975
1.2995
0.0965
0.0975
0.0901
0.0971
28.4182
0.0975
0.6705
0.0971
-25 544
-1 270
-26 812
-8 840
-25 570
-9 660
-26 837
1.5 S = 27 150
1.5 S = 27 150
1.5 S = 27 150
3 S = 54 300
3 S = 54 300
3 S = 54 300
3 S = 54 300
-5 948
-320
-6 268
-7
-5 957
-327
-6 277
0.8 S = 14 480
0.8 S = 14 480
0.8 S = 14 480
0.8 S = 14 480
0.8 S = 14 480
0.8 S = 14 480
0.8 S = 14 480



F
q
= [(Z
d
+Q
3
Z
w
) X
a
4
] / 2 r
t
= [d
t
2
+(d
t
-2t
t
)
2
]
1/2
/ 4 = 0.326 in l = 59 in
F
s
= min{2.0 ; max[(3.25-0.5F
q
);1.25]} l
t
= k l = 59 in k = 1
Maximum permissible buckling stress limit for the tubes :
C
t
F
t
: S
tb
= min{ [
2
E
t
/ (F
s
F
t
2
)] ; S
t
} C
t
= (2
2
E
t
/ S
y,t
)
1/2
= 164.5
C
t
> F
t
: S
tb
= min{ [S
y,t
/ F
s
(1-F
t
/ (2C
t
))] ; S
t
} F
t
= l
t
/ r
t
= 181.2
Axial tube stress in the outermost tube row :
Si P
e
0 :
t,1
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) P
e
F
t,min
] / (x
t
x
s
)
t,2
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) P
e
F
t,max
] / (x
t
x
s
)
F
t,min
et F
t,max

suivant
Table UHX-13.2
Si P
e
= 0 :
t,1
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) (2Q
2
/a
0
2
) F
t,min
] / (x
t
x
s
)
t,2
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) (2Q
2
/a
0
2
) F
t,max
] / (x
t
x
s
)

t,max
= max( |
t,1
, ; |
t,2
, )
t,max
shall be
t,o allowable

Si
t,1
ou
t,2
< 0 :
t,min
= min(
t,1
;
t,2
) |
t,min
| shall be S
t,b

Case F
q
F
s
F
t,min
F
t,max

t,1
(psi)
t,2
(psi)
t,o allowable
(psi) S
t,b
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3.81
3.66
3.80
451.80
3.81
13.33
3.80
1.35
1.42
1.35
1.25
1.35
1.25
1.35
-1.0817
-1.0116
-1.0781
-213.1982
-1.0813
-5.5205
-1.0777
3.8083
3.6577
3.8006
451.7987
3.8074
13.3336
3.7997
-4 026
269
-3 757
-600
-4 029
-322
-3 760
7 570
865
8 434
1 272
7 581
2 137
8 445
S
t
= 12 353
S
t
= 12 353
S
t
= 12 353
2 S
t
= 24 706
2 S
t
= 24 706
2 S
t
= 24 706
2 S
t
= 24 706
5 693
5 391
5 677
6 129
5 691
6 129
5 675

Tube-to-tubesheet joint
S
min
= min( S ; S
t
) Welded tubes : S
t,j
= min[ ( S
min
g / t
t
) ; S
t
S
t,j
(0 groove(s) )
no groove : S
t,j
= 0.5 S
min
min[ ( l
t,x
/ d
t
) ; 1.6 ]
|
t,o
, shall be S
t,j
one groove : S
t,j
= 0.6 S
min

t,j
= 0.8 S
min

Axial membrane stress in shell.
s,m
= ( a
0
2
[P
e
+(
s
2
1)(P
s
P
t
)] + a
s
2
P
t
) / [t
s
(D
s
+ t
s
)]
|
s,m
| shall be
s allowable

if
s,m
< 0 : |
s,m
| shall be S
s,b
S
s,b
in accordance with [UG-23(b)]
Case t
s
(in) E
s,w

s,m
(psi)
s allowable
(psi) S
s,b
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.188
0.188
0.188
0.188
0.188
0.188
0.188
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
26
-765
-739
-21
0
-786
-765
S
s
E
s.w
= 15 385
S
s
E
s.w
= 15 385
S
s
E
s.w
= 15 385
3 S
s.1
= 54 300
3 S
s.1
= 54 300
3 S
s.1
= 54 300
3 S
s.1
= 54 300
8 770
8 770
8 770
8 770
8 770
8 770
8 770

s,b
= 6k
s
/t
s,1
2
{
s
[
s
P
s
+a
s
2
P
s
*
/
s,1
t
s,1
]+6(1-
*2
)/E
*
(a
0
3
/h
3
)(1+h
s
/2)[P
e
(Z
v
+Z
m
Q
1
)+2Z
m
Q
2
/a
0
2
]}
s,m
= ( a
0
2
[P
e
+(
s
2
1)(P
s
P
t
)] + a
s
2
P
t
) / [t
s,1
(D
s
+ t
s,1
)]
Stress in the shell integral with the Tubesheet :
s
= |
s,m
| + |
s,b
|
s
shall be
s allowable
(otherwise, perform the elastic-plastic calculation procedure)
Case
s,b
(psi)
s,m
(psi)
s
(psi)
s allowable
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-42 440
19 214
-23 227
-10 581
-42 484
8 633
-23 271
26
-765
-739
-21
0
-786
-765
42 466
19 978
23 966
10 602
42 484
9 419
24 035
1,5 S
s,1
= 27 150
1,5 S
s,1
= 27 150
1,5 S
s,1
= 27 150
3 S
s,1
= 54 300
3 S
s,1
= 54 300
3 S
s,1
= 54 300
3 S
s,1
= 54 300
The shell shall have a uniform thickness adjacent to the Tubesheet for a minimum
length of l
s
.
l
s
=
1 s, s
8 . 1 t D = 4.595 in

Calculation Procedure for Effect of Plasticity at Tubesheet/Channel or Shell Joint (case 1,2, and 3)
S
SP,s,1
= 3 S
s,1
= 54 300 psi S
SP,c
= 3 S
c
= 45 900 psi
S
s
*
= min[S
y,s,1
,(S
SP,s,1
/2)] = 27 150 psi S
c
*
= min[S
y,c
,(S
SP,c
/2)] = 22 900 psi


fact
s
= min[(1.4-0.4|
s,b
|/S
s
*
),1] fact
c
= min[(1.4-0.4|
s,c
|/S
c
*
),1]
E
s
*
= E
s,1
(fact
s
) E
c
*
= E
c
(fact
c
)
s
shall be S
SP,s,1

c
shall be S
SP,c

The design is acceptable if: fact
s
= 1 and fact
c
= 1 (Configuration a) or fact
s
= 1 (Configurations b and c).
Otherwise calculation with reduced values of E
s,1
and E
c
: || shall be .
allowable

Case fact
s
fact
c
E
s
*
(psi) E
c
*
(psi) k
s
(lbf) k
c
(lbf)
s
(psi)
c
(psi)
1 0.775 / 19 755 950 / 16939.82 / 681 323 /
Case F Q
1
Q
Z1
Q
Z2
U Q
3
F
m

1 0.470 0.641 -0.021 2.865 6.941 13.882 0.0985 0.0979
Case P
W
(psi) P
rim
(psi) P
e
(psi) Q
2
(lbf) (psi)
allowable
(psi)
1 233 183 -399 -7 094.819 -25 641 1,5 S = 27 150

Tubesheet flanged extension :
t
fl
= 2.56 in S = 18 100 psi S
a
= 20 000 psi G = 36.813 in
W
o
= W
m1
= 512 473 lbf W
a
= 512 937 lbf h
G
= 1.031 in
Minimum required thickness : h
r
=
(
(
G S
h W
G S
h W
G o
a
G a
9 . 1
;
9 . 1
max = 1.228 in

The stresses in the shell and/or channel integral with tubesheet are acceptable

UHX-13.1 Configuration b
cylinder
factors 0.3
UHX-13.3
shell Ps = 150 psi channel Pt = 400 psi
Ds = 34.75 in Dc = 38 in
ts = 0.1875 in tc = 0.0825 in
Gs = 0 in Gc = 36.8125 in
Ss = 18100 psi Sc = 15300 psi
Sy,s = 27200 psi Sy,c = 22900 psi
Es = 25500000 psi Ec = 25500000 psi
Sps = 54300 psi Spc = 45900 psi
tubesheet h = 3.0625 in G1 = in
d= in Dj = 38.5 in
Do = 34.25 in expansion 95 %
A = 40.5 in h'g = 0 in
C = 38.875 in t,m = 0.0000073
hg = 0 in Tt,m = 510 F
ct = 0 in s,m = 0.0000073
cs = 0 in Ts,m = 550 F
S = 18100 psi Ta = 70 F
E = 25500000 psi Ap = 815.958 in2
hp = 0.1875 in Cp = 112.5 in
tube Nt = 649 tubes pitch : (60) p = 1.25 in
dt = 1 in welded No
tt = 0.083 in Kj = 11388
stT = 12352.94118 psi UL1 = in
Sy,t = 18600 psi Lt = 168 in
EtT = 25500000 psi L = 161.875 in
lt = 59 in
UHX-13.5 = 0.2 d* = 0.892372441 in


UHX-11.5 LL1 = 34.25 in = 0.286102047
AL = 0 in2 = 0.95
ltx = 290.9375 in ro = 16.625 in
p* = 1.25 in
Fig. UHX-11.3 2 2 2.45
(pitch 60) h/p = 2.45 0 = -0.0029 -0.0029 -0.0029
1 = 0.2126 0.2126 0.2126
E*/E = 0.262995887 2 = 3.9906 3.9906 3.9906
3 = -6.173 -6.173 -6.173
4 = 3.4307 3.4307 3.4307

2 2
* = 0.363965607 0 = 0.9966 0.9966 0.9966
1 = -4.1978 -4.1978 -4.1978
2 = 9.0478 9.0478 9.0478
3 = -7.9955 -7.9955 -7.9955
4 = 2.2398 2.2398 2.2398
case 1 Ps = 0 psi case 2 Ps = 150 psi
Pt = 400 psi Pt = 0 psi
case 7 Ps = 150 psi
Pt = 400 psi
Step 1 Step 4 K = 1.182481752
ao = 17.125 F = 0.488770192
as = 17.375 = 0.666665731
ac = 18.40625 Q1 = -0.022635292
s = 1.01459854 Qz1 = 2.855594459
c = 1.074817518 Qz2 = 6.887968085
xs = 0.446747296 U = 13.77593617
xt = 0.615181762
Step 2 Step 5
Ks = 3241928.027 case 1 0 in
Kt = 37666.71098 case 2 0 in
Ks,t = 0.132617541 case 3 0 in
J = 0.003500428 case 4 -0.0472675 in
s = 0.710246514 case 5 -0.0472675 in
ks = 21865.55297 case 6 -0.0472675 in
s = 879437.2064 case 7 -0.0472675 in
s = 5.36694E-05
c = 0
kc = 0
c = 0
c = 0
Step 3 Xa = 3.962989113

(AutoPIPE
Vessel)
FIG. UHX-13.2 TABLE UHX-13.1 s = 2.685050221
Zd = 0.025 0.024609 s= -2.653572119
Zv = 0.065 0.064259 c= 0
Zw = 0.065 0.064259 c= 9.681584045


Zm = 0.37 0.371463 b = -0.060218978
Steps 6 - 7 - 8
P's P't P W* Pw Prim
case 1 0 862002.1601 0 5.1247E+05 230.719586 181.9141044
case 2 -46387.08793 0 0 0.0000E+00 0 18.69743861
case 3 -46387.08793 862002.1601 0 5.1247E+05 230.719586 200.6115431
case 4 0 0 -1254.163035 5.1290E+05 230.911825 0
case 5 0 862002.1601 -1254.163035 5.1290E+05 230.911825 181.9141044
case 6 -46387.08793 0 -1254.163035 5.1290E+05 230.911825 18.69743861
case 7 -46387.08793 862002.1601 -1254.163035 5.1290E+05 230.911825 200.6115431

Pe Q2 Q3 Fm
(AutoPIPE
Vessel)

(FIG. UHX-13.3.1
/ 2) TABLE UHX-13.1
case 1 -399.4174331 -7046.192369 0.097673209 0.1 0.09752845
case 2 -21.49555321 -319.2801565 0.078660671 0.09 0.0907486
case 3 -420.9129863 -7365.472525 0.09670226 0.1 0.09714
case 4 -0.474360887 -3943.083603 56.66599298 / 28.41821
case 5 -399.9987514 -7049.475068 0.097554333 0.1 0.0974828
case 6 -21.96991409 -4262.363759 1.300459583 / 0.6705008
case 7 -421.4943046 -7368.755225 0.096590785 0.1 0.09709733

allowable

allowable
case 1 -25544.51072 -5947.846558 OK : (1.5 Ss) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 2 -1279.16866 -320.0968249 OK : (1.5 Ss) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 3 -26812.02863 -6267.943383 OK : (1.5 Ss) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 4 -8839.848901 -7.063852336 OK : (Sps) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 5 -25569.71461 -5956.503146 OK : (Sps) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 6 -9659.772744 -327.1606773 OK : (Sps) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 7 -26837.26463 -6276.599971 OK : (Sps) OK : (0.8 Ss)
Step 9
Ftmin Ftmax t,1 t,2 t,max t,max

(AutoPIPE
Vessel)
(AutoPIPE
Vessel) allowable
case 1 -1.081718 3.808283 -4026.074634 7569.839738 7569.839738 OK
case 2 -1.011577 3.657727 268.7554882 864.6505852 864.6505852 OK
case 3 -1.078136 3.800594 -3757.319201 8434.489638 8434.489638 OK
case 4 -213.1982 451.7987 -600.4286979 1272.397727 1272.397727 OK
case 5 -1.081297 3.807379 -4028.808178 7580.836453 7580.836453 OK
case 6 -5.520454 13.33355 -322.2131845 2137.02724 2137.02724 OK
case 7 -1.077741 3.799747 -3760.051717 8445.487086 8445.487086 OK

rt = 0.325533792 in Ft = 181.2407848 Ct = 164.5047675
Wt Fs Stb abs(t,min)
case 1 1.345484493 5694.418233 4026.074634 OK
case 2 1.420821018 5392.481764 268.7554882 OK
case 3 1.349331844 5678.181731 3757.319201 OK
case 4 1.25 6129.401142 600.4286979 OK
case 5 1.345955535 5692.425363 4028.808178 OK
case 6 1.25 6129.401142 322.2131845 OK
case 7 1.349773558 5676.323542 3760.051717 OK
Steps 10 to 12


s,m s,b s s

allowable elastic-plastic
case 1 26.08037779 -42455.00525 42481.08563 FALSE Yes
case 2 -764.8182186 19212.84469 19977.66291 OK No
case 3 -738.7378408 -23242.16056 23980.8984 OK No
case 4 -21.23620628 -10588.37904 10609.61525 OK /
case 5 0.055895981 -42498.12134 42498.17723 OK /
case 6 -786.0544249 8624.465651 9410.520076 OK /
case 7 -764.7623226 -23285.27665 24050.03897 OK /

ls = 4.594630018 in

c,m c,b c c

allowable
case 1
case 2
case 3
case 4
case 5
case 6
case 7

Elastic-plastic calculation

Ss* = 27150 Sc* = 22900
facts factc Es* Ec* ks kc
case 1 0.774511893 19750053.27 16935.13082
case 2 0
case 3 0

s c F Q1 Qz1
case 1 681134.5756 0 0.469963174 0.641013605 -0.021314095 2.866064851
case 2 0
case 3 0

Qz2 U Fm Pw s s

(AutoPIPE
Vessel)
case 1 6.948494443 13.8819591 0.0979 232.4952597 2.07960333 -2.048125228
case 2
case 3

c c Prim Pe Q2
case 1 0 9.681584045 183.3141593 -399.413858 -7100.248932 25641.59708
case 2
case 3


UHX-20.2.3 Fixed Tubesheet Exchanger , Configuration a
Tubesheet, Loading conditions 1 [corroded normal condition] (Without expansion joint).
ASME VIII DIV.1
2010 2011a [UHX-
13]
Tubesheet
Tubes
Shell
Tubeside
Tubeside Shellside far tubesheet near tubesheet
Pressure (psi) P
t =200 P
s =325
Corrosion c
t
=0 in c
s
=0 in 0 in 0 in 0 in
Material SA240GR304L SA249TP304L SA240GR304L SA240GR304L SA516GR70
Temperature 400 F 400 F 400 F 300 F
Metal temperature T

=151 F T
t,m
=113 F T
s,m
=151 F T
c
=151 F
t
= 13 400 psi / 0,85 S
s
= 15 800 psi S
s,1
= 15 800 psi S
c
= 20 000 psi
Yield Strength S
y
= 17 500 psi S
y,t
= 17 500 psi S
y,s
= 17 500 psi S
y,s,1
= 17 500 psi S
y,c
= 33 600 psi
modulus of elasticity E = 26 400,1 ksi E
t
=26 400,1 ksi E
s
=26 400,1 ksi E
s,1
=26 400,1 ksi E
c
=28 300,1 ksi
t
=0.049 in 0.563 in 0.563 in 0.375 in
t
=1 in 42 in 42 in 42.125 in
Tolerance 0 in
t
= 0.3
s
= 0.3
c
= 0.3

Length : L = 237.25 in l
1
= 0 in l
1
= 0 in

t
=955 OTL=41.25 in p=1.25 in

Configuration a
D
s
= 42 in t
s
= 0.563 in h = 1.375 in
D
c
= 42.125 in t
c
= 0.375 in h
p
= 1.375 in
h
g
= 0 in
Extra thickness (periphery) : Tubeside : 0 in Shellside : 0 in

0
= 2r
0
+d
t
= 41.25 in r
0
= 20.125 in
t,x
/h = 0.909 l
t,x
= 1.25 in
p
*
=
( ) | |
2
4 , MIN 4
1
O
O L
D
p D A
p
= 1.25 in
t
)/p = 0.2
*
= (p
*
- d
*
)/ p
*
= 0.271
d
*
= max[(d
t
-2t
t
E
t
/E S
t
/S ),(d
t
-2t
t
)]= 0.911 in
L
= 0 in
L
= 0 in
*
= 7 259 587 psi
*
= 0.34 (Fig. UHX-11.3 , Fig. UHX-11.4)

Minimum thickness : CODAP C7.1.4.2 U
L
4p

h
g
= max[(h
g
-c
t
),(0)] a
0
= D
0
/2 = 20.625 in
a
s
= D
s
/2 = 21 in a
c
= D
c
/2 = 21.063 in
s
= a
s
/a
0
= 1.018
c
= a
c
/a
0
= 1.021
x
s
= 1-N
t
(d
t
/2a
0
)
2
= 0.439 x
t
= 1-N
t
((d
t
-2t
t
)/2a
0
)
2
= 0.543

Shell axial stiffness, tube axial stiffness and axial rigidity of expansion bellows :
K
s
= (D
s
+t
s
) /[(L-l
1
-l
1
)/(E
s
t
s
)+ (l
1
+l
1
)/ (E
s,1
t
s,1
)]= 8 369 473 lbf/in K
J
= 0 lbf/in
K
t
= t
t
(d
t
-t
t
)E
t
/L = 16 290.14 lbf/in D
J
= /
Shell-tubes stiffness factor Ratio of expansion bellows to shell axial rigidity
K
s,t
= K
s
/(N
t
.K
t
)= 0.538 J = 1/(1+K
s
/K
J
) = 1
Shell coefficients Channel coefficients
s
= [12(1-
s
2
)]
1/4
/ [(D
s
+t
s,1
)t
s,1
]
1/2
= 0.3715 in
-1

c
= [12(1-
c
2
)]
1/4
/ [(D
c
+t
c
)t
c
]
1/2
= 0.4554 in
-1

k
s
=
s
E
s,1
t
s,1
3
/ [6(1-
s
2
)] = 319 713.1 lbf k
c
=
c
E
c
t
c
3
/ [6(1-
c
2
)] = 124 461.1 lbf
s
= 6D
s
k
s
/h
3
(1+h
s
+h
2
s
2
/2) = 50 868 080 psi
c
= 6D
c
k
c
/h
3
(1+h
c
+h
2
c
2
/2) = 22 049 150 psi
s
= D
s
2
/4E
s,1
t
s,1

(1-
s
/2) = 25,2423710
-6
in/lbf
c
= D
c
2
/4E
c
t
c

(1-
c
/2) = 35,5320510
-6
in/lbf

X
a
= [24(1-
*2
)N
t
E
t
t
t
(d
t
-t
t
)a
0
2
/(E
*
Lh
3
)]
1/4
= 6.976

Table UHX-13.1 Z
d
= 0.0044 Z
v
= 0.0209 Z
m
= 0.2079 Z
w
= 0.0209

h
D
c

D
s

t
c

t
s

h
p



K = A/D
0
= 1.045 F = (1-
*
)/E
*
(
s
+
c
+ElnK) = 6.732
= (1+
*
)F = 9.024 Q
1
= (
s
-1- Z
v
) / (1+ Z
m
) = -0.059
Q
Z1
= (Z
d
+ Q
1
Z
w
) X
a
4
/ 2 = 3.754 Q
Z2
= (Z
v
+ Q
1
Z
m
) X
a
4
/ 2 = 10.15
U = [Z
w
+(
s
-1)Z
m
] X
a
4
/ (1+ Z
m
) = 20.301

s,m
(T
s,m
-T
a
) = 0.000713 in/in
s,m,1
(T
s,m
-T
a
) = 0.000713 in/in
t,m
(T
t,m
-T
a
) = 0.000372 in/in
=
t,m
(T
t,m
-T
a
) L-[
s,m
(T
s,m
-T
a
)(L- l
1
-l
1
)+
s,m,1
(T
s,m
-T
a
)(l
1
+l
1
)]
s
=
s
k
s
s
(1+h
s
) = 4.6123 in
c
=
c
k
c
c
(1+h
c
) = 3.344 in
s
*
= a
0
2
(
s
2
-1)(
s
-1)/4 -
s
= -4.5413 in
c
*
=a
0
2
[(
c
2
+1)(
c
-1)/4-(
s
-1)/2]-
c
= -2.6027 in
b
= 0

P
s
= [x
s
+ 2(1- x
s
)
t
+ 2/K
s,t
(D
s
/D
0
)
2
s
(
s
2
-1)/(JK
s,t
) (1-J) /(2JK
s,t
) [D
J
2
-(D
s
)
2
] /D
0
2
) ] P
s

P
t
= [x
t
+ 2(1- x
t
)
t
+ 1/(JK
s,t
) ] P
t
P
= N
t
K
t
/( a
0
2
)
P
rim
= U /a
0
2
(
s
*
P
s
-
c
*
P
t
) P
W
= U
b
W
*
/ (2 a
0
2
)
W
m1
= 0.0000 lbf W = 0.0000 lbf
The effect of radial differential thermal expansion adjacent to the Tubesheet is considered (loading case 4,5,6 et 7).
T
s
*
= T
s
= 151 F T
c
*
= T
c
= 151 F T
r
= T

= 151 F
s

(T
s
*
-T
a
) = 0.000713 in/in
c

(T
c
*
-T
a
) = 0.000535 in/in

(T
r
-T
a
) = 0.000713 in/in
P
s
*
= E
s,1
t
s,1
/a
s
[
s

(T
s
*
-T
a
)-

(T
r
-T
a
)] P
c
*
= E
c
t
c
/a
c
[
c

(T
c
*
-T
a
)-

(T
r
-T
a
)]
P
= U / a
0
2
(
s
P
s
*
-
c
P
c
*
)
e
= JK
s,t
(P
s
P
t
+P
+P
+P
W
+P
rim
) / (1+ JK
s,t
[Q
Z1
+(
s
-1)Q
Z2
])
Case W
*
P
s
(psi) P
t
(psi) (in) P
s
(psi) P
t
(psi) P
W
(psi) P
(psi)
P
rim

(psi)
P
s
*
(psi) P
c
*
(psi) P
(psi) P
e
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
325
325
0
0
325
325
200
0
200
0
200
0
200
0.000
0.000
0.000
-0.081
-0.081
-0.081
-0.081
0
606
606
0
0
606
606
535
0
535
0
535
0
535
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-942
-942
-942
-942
-25
70
46
0
-25
70
46
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-90
-90
-90
-90
0
0
0
14
14
14
14
-97
117
20
-160
-257
-43
-140

Q
2
= [(
s
*
P
s
-
c
*
P
t
) - (
s
P
s
*
-
c
P
t
*
) + (
b
W
*
/(2)) ] / (1+ Z
m
) Q
3
= Q
1
+ 2Q
2
/(P
e
a
0
2
)
If P
e
0 : = (1.5F
m
/
*
) (2a
0
/(h-h
g

))
2
P
e

|| shall be
allowable

If P
e
= 0 : = (6 /
*
) (Q
2
/(h-h
g

))
2

= (1/(2)) (a
0
/h
p
) P
e

|| shall be
allowable
= (1/(4)) ({4A
p
/C
p
}/h
p
) P
e
If |P
e
| > 3.2S h
p
/D
0

with : C
p
= 135 in , A
p
= 1 217.848 in
2

Case h
g
(in) Q
2
(lbf) Q
3
F
m
(psi)
allowable
(psi) (psi)
allowable
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
180.999
-513.192
-332.193
-104.399
76.600
-617.591
-436.592
-0.0680
-0.0798
-0.1372
-0.0561
-0.0606
0.0079
-0.0445
0.0340
0.0399
0.0686
0.0280
0.0303
0.0374
0.0222
-16 349
23 184
6 836
-22 337
-38 685
-8 069
-15 501
1.5 S = 23 700
1.5 S = 23 700
1.5 S = 23 700
3 S = 47 400
3 S = 47 400
3 S = 47 400
3 S = 47 400
-3 623
4 373
750
-5 998
-9 621
-1 625
-5 248
0.8 S = 12 640
0.8 S = 12 640
0.8 S = 12 640
0.8 S = 12 640
0.8 S = 12 640
0.8 S = 12 640
0.8 S = 12 640



F
q
= [(Z
d
+Q
3
Z
w
) X
a
4
] / 2 r
t
= [d
t
2
+(d
t
-2t
t
)
2
]
1/2
/ 4 = 0.337 in l = 48 in
F
s
= min{2.0 ; max[(3.25-0.5F
q
);1.25]} l
t
= k l = 48 in k = 1
C
t
F
t
: S
tb
= min{ [
2
E
t
/ (F
s
F
t
2
)] ; S
t
} C
t
= (2
2
E
t
/ S
y,t
)
1/2
= 172.6
C
t
> F
t
: S
tb
= min{ [S
y,t
/ F
s
(1-F
t
/ (2C
t
))] ; S
t
} F
t
= l
t
/ r
t
= 142.6
Si P
e
0 :
t,1
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) P
e
F
t,min
] / (x
t
x
s
)
t,2
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) P
e
F
t,max
] / (x
t
x
s
)
F
t,min
et F
t,max

suivant
Table UHX-13.2
Si P
e
= 0 :
t,1
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) (2Q
2
/a
0
2
) F
t,min
] / (x
t
x
s
)
t,2
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) (2Q
2
/a
0
2
) F
t,max
] / (x
t
x
s
)

t,max
= max( |
t,1
, ; |
t,2
, )
t,max
shall be
t,o allowable

Si
t,1
ou
t,2
< 0 :
t,min
= min(
t,1
;
t,2
) |
t,min
| shall be S
t,b

Case F
q
F
s
F
t,min
F
t,max

t,1
(psi)
t,2
(psi)
t,o allowable
(psi) S
t,b
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3.54
3.24
1.82
3.83
3.72
5.41
4.12
1.48
1.63
2.00
1.34
1.39
1.25
1.25
-0.2703
-0.2432
-0.1926
-0.3031
-0.2900
-0.5616
-0.3404
3.5361
3.2425
2.1252
3.8297
3.7191
5.4102
4.1164
-1 288
1 634
361
-463
-1 750
1 130
-131
2 227
-2 252
-82
5 855
8 082
3 604
5 831
S
t
= 15 765
S
t
= 15 765
S
t
= 15 765
2 S
t
= 31 529
2 S
t
= 31 529
2 S
t
= 31 529
2 S
t
= 31 529
6 931
6 306
5 135
7 693
7 387
8 217
8 217

[A-2] Allowable Loads for Tube-To-Tubesheet Joints (Joint Type = i )
a = 0 in S
y,m
= 22 700 psi P
0
= 0 psi P
T
= 0 psi
f
r
= 0.7 S
y,t,m
= 24 400 psi f
e
= 1 S
a
= k S
t

A
t
= (d
t
-t
t
)t
t
L
a
= |
t,o
, A
t
f
y
= min ( 1 ; S
ym
/ S
y,t,m
) = 0.93 f
T
= ( P
0
+ P
T
) / P
0
= 1
L
a
shall be L
max
= A
t
S
a
f
e
f
r
f
y
f
T

Case
t,o
(psi) k S
a
(psi) L
a
(lbf) L
max
(lbf)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2 227
2 252
361
5 855
8 082
3 604
5 831
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
15 765
15 765
15 765
31 529
31 529
31 529
31 529
325.991
329.616
52.862
857.190
1 183.181
527.574
853.564
1 502.956
1 502.956
1 502.956
3 005.911
3 005.911
3 005.911
3 005.911

Axial membrane stress in shell.
s,m
= ( a
0
2
[P
e
+(
s
2
1)(P
s
P
t
)] + a
s
2
P
t
) / [t
s
(D
s
+ t
s
)]
|
s,m
| shall be
s allowable

if
s,m
< 0 : |
t,min
| shall be S
s,b
S
s,b
in accordance with [UG-23(b)]
case t
s
(in) E
s,w

s,m
(psi)
s allowable
(psi)
s,b
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0,562
0,562
0,562
0,562
0,562
0,562
0,562
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
0,85
1 837
2 284
4 121
-2 842
-1 005
-558
1 279
S
s
E
s,w
= 13 430
S
s
E
s,w
= 13 430
S
s
E
s,w
= 13 430
2 S
s
= 31 600
2 S
s
= 31 600
2 S
s
= 31 600
2 S
s
= 31 600
6 773
6 773
6 773
6 773
6 773
6 773
6 773



s,b
= 6k
s
/t
s,1
2
{
s
[
s
P
s
+a
s
2
P
s
*
/
s,1
t
s,1
]+6(1-
*2
)/E
*
(a
0
3
/h
3
)(1+h
s
/2)[P
e
(Z
v
+Z
m
Q
1
)+2Z
m
Q
2
/a
0
2
]}
s,m
= ( a
0
2
[P
e
+(
s
2
1)(P
s
P
t
)] + a
s
2
P
t
) / [t
s,1
(D
s
+ t
s,1
)]
Stress in the shell integral with the Tubesheet :
s
= |
s,m
| + |
s,b
|
s
shall be
s allowable
Case
s,b
(psi)
s,m
(psi)
s
(psi)
s allowable
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-12 223
27 825
15 603
-27 649
-39 872
176
-12 047
1 837
2 284
4 121
-2 842
-1 005
-558
1 279
14 060
30 109
19 724
30 491
40 877
734
13 326
1.5 S
s,1
= 23 700
1.5 S
s,1
= 23 700
1.5 S
s,1
= 23 700
3 S
s,1
= 47 400
3 S
s,1
= 47 400
3 S
s,1
= 47 400
3 S
s,1
= 47 400
length of l
s
.
l
s
=
1 s, s
8 . 1 t D = 8.749 in

c,b
= 6k
c
/t
c
2
{
c
[
c
P
t
+a
c
2
P
c
*
/
c
t
c
]6(1-
*2
)/E
*
(a
0
3
/h
3
)(1+h
c
/2)[P
e
(Z
v
+Z
m
Q
1
)+2Z
m
Q
2
/a
0
2
]}
c,m
= a
c
2
P
t
) / [t
c
(D
c
+ t
c
)]
Stress in the channel integral with the tubesheet :
c
= |
c,m
| + |
c,b
|
c
shall be
c allowable
case
c,b
(psi)
c,m
(psi)
c
(psi)
c allowable
(psi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
28 381
-8 563
19 818
16 254
44 635
7 691
36 072
5 567
0
5 567
0
5 567
0
5 567
33 948
8 563
25 385
16 254
50 202
7 691
41 640
1,5 S
c
= 30 000
1,5 S
c
= 30 000
1,5 S
c
= 30 000
3 S
,c
= 60 000
3 S
,c
= 60 000
3 S
,c
= 60 000
3 S
,c
= 60 000
length of l
c
.
l
c
=
c c
t D 8 . 1 = 7.154 in

Calculation Procedure for Effect of Plasticity at Tubesheet/Channel or Shell Joint (case 1,2, and 3)
S
SP,s,1
= 3 S
s,1
= 47 400 psi S
SP,c
= 3 S
c
= 60 000 psi
S
s
*
= min[S
y,s,1
,(S
SP,s,1
/2)] = 17 500 psi S
c
*
= min[S
y,c
,(S
SP,c
/2)] = 30 000 psi
fact
s
= min[(1.4-0.4|
s,b
|/S
s
*
),1] fact
c
= min[(1.4-0.4|
s,c
|/S
c
*
),1]
E
s
*
= E
s,1
(fact
s
) E
c
*
= E
c
(fact
c
)
s
shall be S
SP,s,1

c
shall be S
SP,c

The design is acceptable if: fact
s
= 1 And fact
c
= 1 (Configuration a) or fact
s
= 1 (Configurations b and c).
Otherwise calculation with reduced values of E
s,1
and E
c
: || shall be .
allowable

Case fact
s
fact
c
E
s
*
(psi) E
c
*
(psi) k
s
(lbf) k
c
(lbf)
s
(psi)
c
(psi)
1
2
1.000
0.764
1.000
1.000
26 400 060
20 169 460
28 300 050
28 300 050
319 713.2
244 258.7
124 461.1
124 461.1
50 868 080
38 862 860
22 049 150
22 049 150
Case F Q
1
Q
Z1
Q
Z2
U Q
3
F
m

1
2
6.732
5.641
9.024
7.561
-0.059
-0.054
3.754
3.874
10.150
11.350
20.301
22.700
-0.0680
-0.0777
0.0340
0.0389
Case P
W
(psi) P
rim
(psi) P
e
(psi) Q
2
(lbf) (psi)
allowable
(psi)
1
2
0
0
-25
79
-97
115
180.999
-573.843
-16 349
22 292
1.5 S = 23 700
1.5 S = 23 700



UHX-13.1 Configuration a
cylinder
factors 0.3
UHX-13.3
shell Ps = 325 psi channel Pt = 200 psi
Ds = 42 in Dc = 42.125 in
ts = 0.5625 in tc = 0.375 in
Gs = 0 in Gc = 0 in
Ss = 15800 psi Sc = 20000 psi
Sy,s = 17500 psi Sy,c = 33600 psi
Es = 26400000 psi Ec = 28300000 psi
Sps = 47400 psi Spc = 60000 psi
tubesheet hnew = 1.375 in
h = 1.375 in G1 = in
d= in Dj = 38.5 in
Do = 41.25 in expansion 90 %
A = 43.125 in h'g = 0 in
C = 0 in at,m = 0.000008652
hg = 0 in Tt,m = 113 F
ct = 0 in as,m = 0.000008802
cs = 0 in Ts,m = 151 F
S = 15800 psi Ta = 70 F
E = 26400000 psi Ap = 1217.848 in2
hg = 0 in Cp = 135 in
tube Nt = 955 tubes pitch : 60
dt = 1 in p = 1.25 in
tt = 0.049 in welded No
stT =
15764.7058
8 psi Kj = 0
Sy,t = 17500 psi UL1 = in
EtT = 26400000 psi Lt = 240 in
lt = 48 in L = 237.25 in
ltx = 1.25 in
Effect of Radial Differential Thermal Expansion Adjacent to the tubesheet : Yes
's = 0.000008802
'c = 0.000006602
' = 0.000008802
UHX-13.5 = 0.2 d* = 0.911108103
UHX-11.5 LL1 = 41.25 = 0.271113518
AL = 0 = 0.909090909
ltx = 1.25 ro = 20.125
p* = 1.25
Fig. UHX-11.3 0.5 2 1.1
h/p = 1.1 0 = 0.0054 -0.0029 0.00208
1 = 0.5279 0.2126 0.40178
E*/E = 0.274983607 2 = 3.0461 3.9906 3.4239
3 = -4.3657 -6.173 -5.08862
4 = 1.9435 3.4307 2.53838

1 2
* = 0.340360504 0 = 0.9923 0.9966 0.99273
1 = -4.8759 -4.1978 -4.80809


2 = 12.3572 9.0478 12.02626
3 = -13.7214 -7.9955 -13.14881
4 = 5.7629 2.2398 5.41059
case 1 Ps = 0 case 2 Ps = 325
Pt = 200 Pt = 0
Pt = 200 Pt = 0
Pt = 200 Pt = 0
case 7 Ps = 325
Pt = 200
Step 1 Step 4 K = 1.045454545
ao = 20.625 F = 6.732232476
as = 21 = 9.023618515
ac = 21.0625 Q1 = -0.059159042
s= 1.018181818 Qz1 = 3.753824734
c= 1.021212121 Qz2 = 10.15043261
xs = 0.438751148 U = 20.30086522
xt = 0.543365689
Step 2 Step 5
Ks = 8369456.077 case 1 0
Kt = 16290.11595 case 2 0
Ks,t = 0.537984406 case 3 0
J = 1 case 4 -0.08088469
s = 0.371518831 case 5 -0.08088469
ks = 319712.5586 case 6 -0.08088469
s = 50867972.91 case 7 -0.08088469
s = 2.52424E-05
c = 0.45535023
kc = 124460.9629
c = 22049113.04
c = 3.55321E-05
Step 3 Xa = 6.976242513

(AutoPIPE
Vessel)
FIG. UHX-13.2 TABLE UHX-13.1 s = 4.612272297
Zd = 0.01 0.00440434 s= -4.54132059
Zv = 0.02 0.0208699 c= 3.343988236
Zw = 0.02 0.0208699 c= -2.60273882
Zm = 0.205 0.2078966 b = 0
Steps 6 - 7 - 8
P's P't P W* Pw Prim
case 1 0 535.2272424 0 0.0000E+00 0 -24.8420379
case 2 605.634798 0 0 0.0000E+00 0 70.4355899
case 3 605.634798 535.2272424 0 0.0000E+00 0 45.593552
case 4 0 0 -941.577569 0.0000E+00 0 0
case 5 0 535.2272424 -941.577569 0.0000E+00 0 -24.8420379
case 6 605.634798 0 -941.577569 0.0000E+00 0 70.4355899
case 7 605.634798 535.2272424 -941.577569 0.0000E+00 0 45.593552

P*s P*c P Pe Q2 Q3

case 1 0 0 0 -96.6108419 180.9984202 -0.067967319


case 2 0 0 0 116.6208033 -513.191814 -0.079848341
case 3 0 0 0 20.00996137 -332.193393 -0.137211543
case 4 0 -89.7874184 14.32870228 -159.948593 -104.398539 -0.05609033
case 5 0 -89.7874184 14.32870228 -256.559435 76.59988063 -0.060562767
case 6 0 -89.7874184 14.32870228 -43.3277903 -617.590353 0.007856579
case 7 0 -89.7874184 14.32870228 -139.938632 -436.591933 -0.044490729

Fm
AutoPIPE
Vessel
(FIG. UHX-13.3.1 / 2) TABLE UHX-13.1 allowable allowable
case 1 0.03 0.0339837
-
16348.54564 -3622.90657 OK : (1.5 Ss) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 2 0.04 0.03992419 23184.34007 4373.280123 OK : (1.5 Ss) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 3 0.07 0.0686057 6835.795255 750.3735515 OK : (1.5 Ss) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 4 / 0.0280452 -22336.8312 -5998.07226 OK : (Sps) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 5 0.1 0.03028139 -38685.3378 -9620.97883 OK : (Sps) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 6 / 0.037398 -8068.58752 -1624.79213 OK : (Sps) OK : (0.8 Ss)
case 7 0.1 0.02224539 -15501.0188 -5247.69870 OK : (Sps) OK : (0.8 Ss)
Step 9
Ftmin Ftmax t,1 t,2 t,max t,max
(AutoPIPE Vessel)
(AutoPIPE
Vessel) =<allowable
case 1 -0.2703342 3.536119 -1288.44758 2226.786961 2226.786961 OK
case 2 -0.2431864 3.242469 1634.139142 -2251.55331 2251.553312 OK
case 3 -0.1926081 2.125221 361.0881005 -82.2505625 361.0881005 OK
case 4 -0.3030955 3.82967 -463.412623 5855.307726 5855.307726 OK
case 5 -0.2900353 3.71913 -1750.08587 8082.095923 8082.095923 OK
case 6 -0.5616265 5.410164 1130.436425 3603.749256 3603.749256 OK
case 7 -0.3403612 4.116364 -131.040058 5830.540641 5830.540641 OK

rt = 0.336675289 in Ft= 142.5706062 Ct = 172.5630506
Wt Fs Stb abs(t,min)
case 1 1.481939944 6930.645233 1288.447582 OK
case 2 1.628765084 6305.881744 2251.553312 OK
case 3 2 5135.400003 82.25056251 OK
case 4 1.335164629 7692.534527 463.4126238 OK
case 5 1.390434811 7386.754075 1750.085875 OK
case 6 1.25 8216.640004 1130.436425 OK
case 7 1.25 8216.640004 131.040058 OK
Steps 10 to 12
s,m s,b s s
case 1 1837.017346 -12222.6477 14059.66505 OK No
case 2 2284.011336 27825.23134 30109.24268 FALSE Yes
case 3 4121.028682 15602.58365 19723.61233 OK No
case 4 -2841.964732 -27649.41404 30491.37877 OK /
case 5 -1004.947386 -39872.06173 40877.00912 OK /
case 6 -557.9533965 175.8173092 733.7707057 OK /
case 7 1279.06395 -12046.83039 13325.89434 OK /

ls = 8.748999943

c,m c,b c c


case 1 5567.107843 28381.11121 33948.21906 FALSE Yes
case 2 0 -8562.889306 8562.889306 OK No
case 3 5567.107843 19818.22191 25385.32975 OK No
case 4 0 16254.21505 16254.21505 OK /
case 5 5567.107843 44635.32626 50202.43411 OK /
case 6 0 7691.325742 7691.325742 OK /
case 7 5567.107843 36072.43696 41639.5448 OK /

Elastic-plastic calculation

Ss* = 17500 Sc* = 30000
facts factc Es* Ec* ks kc
case 1 1 1 OK 26400000 28300000 319712.5586 124460.9629
case 2 0.763994712 1 20169460.4 28300000 244258.7042 124460.9629
case 3 0 0

s c F Q1 Qz1
case 1 50867972.91 22049113.04 6.732232476 9.023618515 -0.05915904 3.753824734
case 2 38862862.32 22049113.04 5.641389889 7.561496195 -0.05428668 3.874249576
case 3 0

Qz2 U Pw s s Fm

case 1 10.15043261 20.30086522 0 4.612272297 -4.54132059 0.03399
case 2 11.35005096 22.70010193 0 4.612272297 -4.54132059 0.03886
case 3

s c c Q3
case 1 2.52424E-05 3.343988236 -2.60273882 -0.06796731
case 2 3.30401E-05 3.343988236 -2.60273882 -0.07770044
case 3

Prim Pe Q2
case 1 -24.8420379 -96.61084191 180.9984202 -16351.5763
case 2 78.75994708 115.2295308 -573.842856 22297.1413
case 3

Comments
In ASME example, the tubes design temperature is equal to channel design temperature.
In AutoPIPE Vessel , the tubes design temperature is the maximum of the channel design temperature and the shell
design temperature( values for allowable stress and elasticity modulus may be input).



UHX-20.3.1 Stationary Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel; Floating Tubesheet Gasketed, Not
extended as a Flange
Tubesheet, Loading conditions [corroded normal condition].
ASME VIII DIV.1
2010 2011a
[UHX-14]
Tubesheet
Tubeside Shellside
Pressure P
t
=150 psi P
s
=250 psi
Corrosion c
t
=0 in c
s
=0 in 0 in 0 in
Material SA105 SA179 SA516GR60 SA516GR60
Temperature 70 F (T

=/) 70 F (Tt,m=/) 70 F (Ts,m=/) 70 F (Tc
=/)
Allowable stress S = 19 000 psi S
t
= 13 350 psi S
s
= 17 100 psi S
c
= 17 100 psi
Yield strength S
y
= 36 000 psi S
y,t
= 20 550 psi S
y,s
= 32 000 psi S
y,c
= 32 000 psi
Modulus of elasticity E = 27 000 ksi E
t
= 27 000 ksi E
s
= 29 400 ksi E
c
= 29 400 ksi
t
= 0.3
s
= 0.3
c
= 0.3
t
=0.75 in 27.265 in 27.265 in
Nominal thickness 1.75 in t
t
=0.083 in 0.375 in 0.375 in
Tolerance 0 in

pattern Triangular N
t
=466 L = 256 in OTL=25.8 in p=1 in

Configuration d
D
s
= 27.265 in G
s
= 29.375 in h = 1.75 in
D
c
= 27.265 in G
c
= 29.375 in h
p
= 1.356 in
h
g
= 0.197 in t
s
= 0.375 in t
c
= 0.375 in
Extra thickness (periphery) : Tubeside = 0.197 in Shellside = 0.197 in

Configuration C
A = 26.89 in D
c
= 26.036 in h
p
= 1.75 in
G
c
= 26.496 in h = 1.75 in h
g
= 0 in
G
1
= 26.463 in
Extra thickness (periphery) Tubeside : 0 in Shellside : 0 in

0
= 2r
0
+d
t
= 25.8 in r
0
= 12.525 in
t,x
/h = 0.8 l
t,x
= 1.4 in
p
*
=
( ) | |
2
4 , MIN 4
1
O
O L
D
p D A
p
= 1.068 in
t
)/p = 0.25
*
= (p
*
- d
*
)/ p
*
= 0.385
d
*
= max[(d
t
-2t
t
E
t
/E S
t
/S ),(d
t
-2t
t
)]= 0.657 in
L
= 2.496 in
L
= 64.397 in
*
= 10 899 790 psi
*
= 0.308 (Fig. UHX-11.3 , Fig. UHX-11.4)
L
4p

a
0
= D
0
/2 = 12.9 in h
g
= max[(h
g
-c
t
).(0)]
x
s
= 1-N
t
(d
t
/2a
0
)
2
= 0.606 x
t
= 1-N
t
((d
t
-2t
t
)/2a
0
)
2
= 0.761
Stationary Tubesheet Floating Tubesheet
a
s
= G
s
/2 = 14.688 in a
s
= a
c
= 13.248 in
a
c
= G
c
/2 = 14.688 in a
c
= G
c
/2 = 13.248 in
s
= a
s
/a
0
= 1.139
s
= a
s
/a
0
= 1.027
c
= a
c
/a
0
= 1.139
c
= a
c
/a
0
= 1.027

h
D
c

G
c

G
s

h
p

D
s

G
c

A
D
c

h h
p



Shell and channel coefficients Stationary Tubesheet Floating Tubesheet
s
= [12(1-
s
2
)]
1/4
/ [(D
s
+t
s
)t
s
]
1/2
= 0 in
-1
0 in
-1

k
s
=
s
E
s
t
s
3
/ [6(1-
s
2
)] = 0 lbf 0 lbf
s
= 6D
s
k
s
/h
3
(1+h
s
+h
2
s
2
/2) = 0 psi 0 psi
s
= D
s
2
/4E
s
t
s

(1-
s
/2) = 0 in/lbf 0 in/lbf
c
= [12(1-
c
2
)]
1/4
/ [(D
c
+t
c
)t
c
]
1/2
= 0 in
-1
0 in
-1

k
c
=
c
E
c
t
c
3
/ [6(1-
c
2
)] = 0 lbf 0 lbf
c
= 6D
c
k
c
/h
3
(1+h
c
+h
2
c
2
/2) = 0 psi 0 psi
c
= D
c
2
/4E
c
t
c

(1-
c
/2) = 0 in/lbf 0 in/lbf

X
a
= [24(1-
*2
)N
t
E
t
t
t
(d
t
-t
t
)a
0
2
/(E
*
Lh
3
)]
1/4
= 3.602

Table UHX-13.1 Z
d
= 0.033 Z
v
= 0.0791 Z
m
= 0.4224 Z
w
= 0.0791

K = A/D
0
= 1.282 1.042
F = (1-
*
)/E
*
(
s
+
c
+E ln K) = 0.425 0.071
= (1+
*
)F = 0.557 0.093
Q
1
= (
s
-1- Z
v
) / (1+ Z
m
) = 0.077 0.019

s
=
s
k
s
s
(1+h
s
) = 0 in 0 in
s
*
= a
0
2
(
s
2
-1)(
s
-1)/4 -
s
= 1.7083 in 0.0614 in
c
=
c
k
c
c
(1+h
c
) = 0 in 0 in
c
*
=a
0
2
[(
c
2
+1)(
c
-1)/4-(
s
-1)/2]-
c
= 1.7083 in 0.0614 in
b
= (G
c
-G
s
)/D
0
= 0 (G
c
-G
1
)/D
0
= 0.0013
W
s
= 0.214710
6
lbf /
W
c
= 0.214710
6
lbf 0.102610
6
lbf
W
m1s
= 0.201710
6
lbf /
W
m1c
= 0.126810
6
lbf 0.964410
5
lbf
W = / /
W
max
= max[W
s
, W
c
] W
m1max
= max[W
m1s
, W
m1c
]

e
= P
s
- P
t

T
s
*
= T
s
= 70 F T
c
*
= T
c
= 70 F T
r
= T

= 70 F
s

(T
s
*
-T
a
) = 0 in/in
c

(T
c
*
-T
a
) = 0 in/in

(T
r
-T
a
) = 0 in/in
The effect of radial differential thermal expansion adjacent to the Tubesheet is not considered.
P
s
*
= E
s
t
s
/a
s
[
s

(T
s
*
-T
a
)-

(T
r
-T
a
)] P
c
*
= E
c
t
c
/a
c
[
c

(T
c
*
-T
a
)-

(T
r
-T
a
)]
Case P
s
(psi) P
t
(psi)
P
e
(psi) P
s
*
(psi) P
c
*
(psi) P
e
(psi) P
s
*
(psi) P
c
*
(psi)
1
2
3
0
250
250
150
0
150
-150
250
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
-150
250
100
0
0
0
0
0
0

bending stress :
Q
2
= [(
s
*
P
s
-
c
*
P
t
) - (
s
P
s
*
-
c
P
c
*
) + (
b
W/(2)) ] / (1+ Z
m
) Q
3
= Q
1
+ 2Q
2
/(P
e
a
0
2
)
= 6 Q
2
/ [
*
(h-h
g

)
2
] ( P
e
= 0 )
|| shall be
allowable

= (1.5F
m
/
*
) (2a
0
/(h-h
g

))
2
P
e
( P
e
0 )
Shear stress in the stationary Tubesheet :
= (1/(2)) (a
0
/h
p
) P
e

= (1/(4)) ({4A
p
/C
p
}/h
p
) P
e
if |P
e
| > 3.2S h
p
/D
0

in which : C
p
= 84.992 in , A
p
= 415.595 in
2

|| shall be
allowable



Stationary Tubesheet
Case W
*
h
g
(in) Q
2
(lbf) Q
3
F
m
(psi)
allowable
(psi) (psi)
allowable
(psi)
1
2
3
W
m1c

W
m1s

W
m1max

0.197
0.197
0.197
-207.470
345.783
138.313
0.0932
0.0932
0.0932
0.1016
0.1016
0.1016
-16 382
27 303
10 921
1.5 S = 28 500
1.5 S = 28 500
1.5 S = 28 500
-2 854
4 757
1 903
0.8 S = 15 200
0.8 S = 15 200
0.8 S = 15 200
Floating Tubesheet
Case W
*
h
g
(in) Q
2
(lbf) Q
3
F
m
(psi)
allowable
(psi)
1
2
3
W
m1c

0
W
m1c

0.000
0.000
0.000
9.972
14.764
24.736
0.0181
0.0196
0.0219
0.0742
0.0747
0.0755
-9 423
15 813
6 390
1.5 S = 28 500
1.5 S = 28 500
1.5 S = 28 500

r
t
= [d
t
2
+(d
t
-2t
t
)
2
]
1/2
/ 4 = 0.238 in S
y,t
= 20 550 psi k = 1
F
s
= min{ 2.0 ; max[ (3.25-0.25 [Z
d
+Q
3
Z
w
] X
a
4
) ; 1.25 ] } ( P
e
0 ) l
t
= k l = 15.375 in
F
s
= 1.25 ( P
e
= 0 ) l = 15.375 in
C
t
F
t
: S
tb
= min{ [
2
E
t
/ (F
s
F
t
2
)] ; S
t
} C
t
= (2
2
E
t
/ S
y,t
)
1/2
= 161
C
t
> F
t
: S
tb
= min{ [S
y,t
/ F
s
(1-F
t
/ (2C
t
))] ; S
t
} F
t
= l
t
/ r
t
= 64.7
If P
e
0 :
t,1
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) P
e
F
t,min
] / (x
t
x
s
)
t,2
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) P
e
F
t,max
] / (x
t
x
s
)
F
t,min
and F
t,max

From
Table UHX-13.2
If P
e
= 0 :
t,1
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) (2Q
2
/a
0
2
) F
t,min
] / (x
t
x
s
)
t,2
= [(P
s
x
s
P
t
x
t
) (2Q
2
/a
0
2
) F
t,max
] / (x
t
x
s
)

t,max
= max( |
t,1
, ; |
t,2
, )
t,max
shall be
t,o allowable

If
t,1
or
t,2
< 0 :
t,min
= min(
t,1
;
t,2
) |
t,min
| shall be S
t,b

Case F
s
F
t,min
F
t,max

t,1
(psi)
t,2
(psi)
t,o allowable
(psi) S
t,b
(psi)
1
2
3
1.55
1.55
1.55
-1.0091
-1.0091
-1.0091
3.3962
3.3962
3.3962
-1 713
2 605
892
2 549
-4 499
-1 950
S
t
= 13 350
S
t
= 13 350
S
t
= 13 350
10 582
10 582
10 582

Tube-to-tubesheet joint
S
min
= min( S ; S
t
) Welded tubes : S
t,j
= min[ ( S
min
g / t
t
) ; S
t
S
t,j
(2 groove(s) )
no groove : S
t,j
= 0.5 S
min
min[ ( l
t,x
/ d
t
) ; 1.6 ]
|
t,o
, shall be S
t,j
one groove : S
t,j
= 0.6 S
min

t,j
= 0.8 S
min


Comments
In ASME example, the values of D
o
and r
o
are not coherent :
dt = 0.75 in. ; Do = 25.8 in. and ro = 12.5 in.
AutoPIPE Vessel example keeps values of dt and Do ro = 12.525 in.



Other calculations


Welding Neck Flange ( Taylor Forge Bulletin)
Body flange(s) and cover(s)
Flange 1801 in operation.

Design pressure P = 400 psi Corrosion : 0 in
Design Temperature : 500 F Tolerance : 0 in
Material
Flange Bolt
SA105 SA193GRB7
Uncorroded dimensions Flange thickness (in the bolt circle) : t
C
= 2 in
Inside diameter of flange : B
f
= 32 in
Calcutated as integral type
Raised face (male) height = 0.188 in

Bolt nb = 36 db = 1 in A
b
= 19.84 in
Gasket N = 0.75 in t
N
= 0.118 in y = 3 700 psi y
c
= 0 psi m = 2.75 b = 0.306 in b
0
= 0.375 in
Hub dimensions (uncorroded) : length = 2.75 in ; thickness at the end = 0.5 in ; thickness at back of flange = 1.125 in

Corroded dimensions B = 32 in t = 2 in (1) g
0
= 0.5 in g
1
= 1.125 in
D = 32 in A = 39.125 in C = 37 in G = 33.888 in h = 2.75 in
(1) : Flange face over thickness, tolerance is taken into account.

Gasket and bolt calculation :
BS
min
= 2.25 in BS = 3.14 C / nb = 3.229 in
BS
max
= 2 db + 6 t / (m + 0.5) = 5.692 in C0 = max [1, (BS / (2.db+t) )
0.5
] = 1
H = 0.785 G
2
P = 360 771 lbf H
p
= 2 P b 3.14 G m = 71 715 lbf S
b
= 25 ksi
W
m1
= H + H
p
= 432 486 lbf W
m1x
= max(W
m1
) = 432 486 lbf W
m1x
/A
b
= 21.8 ksi S
b

A
m
= max (W
m2
/S
a
, W
m1
/S
b
) = 17.299 in A
mx
= max (A
m
) = 17.299 in
W
m2
= 3.14 b G y = 120 612 lbf W = S
a
(A
b
+ A
m
) / 2 = 0.464210
6
lbf S
a
= 25 ksi
Nmin = W / (2 3.14 G y) = 0.589 in W/A
b
= 23.4 ksi S
a
Load to apply on bolting : W/nb = 12 894 lbf

Loads, lever arms and moments
H
D
= 0.785 B
2
P = 321 699 lbf h
D
= (C - B - g
1
) / 2 = 1.,938 in M
D
=H
D
.h
D
= 623 291.9 lbf.in
H
G
= W
m1x
- H = 71 715 lbf h
G
= (C - G) / 2 = 1.556 in M
G
=H
G
.h
G
= 111 603.3 lbf.in
H
T
= H - H
D
= 39 072 lbf h
T
= (2 C - B - G) / 4 = 2.028 in M
T
=H
T
.h
T
= 79 241.77 lbf.in
M
O
=M
D
+M
G
+M
T
= 814 136.9 lbf.in M
A
= W.h
G
= 722 375.7 lbf.in R = ( C - B ) / 2 - g
1

Stress Factors
h
0
= (B g
0
) = 4 in K = A/B = 1.223 g
1
/g
0
= 2.25 h/h
0
= 0.688
F = 0.777 T = 1.83 U = 10.74 V = 0.162
Y = 9.773 Z = 5.041 f = 1 B1 = B
e = F/h
0
= 0.1942 in
-1
L = ((t e + 1)/T) + (t
3
/((U h
0
g
0
2
)/V)) = 0.,879

Stresses : ( in operation : M=M
O
; S
f
= 19.6 ksi ;S
n
= 17.1 ksi )
S
H
= (f M C0)/(L g
1
2
B1) = 22.87 ksi min (1.5 S
f
, 2.5 S
n
) = 29.4 ksi (78%)
S
R
=(1.33 t e + 1) M C0/ L t
2
B = 10.97 ksi S
f
= 19.6 ksi (56%)
S
T
= ((Y M C0)/(t
2
B)) - Z S
R
= 6.85 ksi S
f
= 19.6 ksi (35%)
S
HR
= (S
H
+ S
R
)/2 = 16.92 ksi S
f
= 19.6 ksi (86%)
S
HT
= (S
H
+ S
T
)/2 = 14.86 ksi S
f
= 19.6 ksi (76%)

Stresses : ( seating : M=M
A
; S
f
= 20 ksi ;S
n
= 17.1 ksi )
S
H
= (f M C0)/(L g
1
2
B1) = 20.29 ksi min (1.5 S
f
, 2.5 S
n
) = 30 ksi (68%)
S
R
=(1.33 t e + 1) M C0/ L t
2
B = 9.74 ksi S
f
= 20 ksi (49%)
S
T
= ((Y M C0)/(t
2
B)) - Z S
R
= 6.08 ksi S
f
= 20 ksi (30%)
S
HR
= (S
H
+ S
R
)/2 = 15.01 ksi S
f
= 20 ksi (75%)
S
HT
= (S
H
+ S
T
)/2 = 13.18 ksi S
f
= 20 ksi (66%)

Flange Rigidity (Moments without correction for bolt spacing) Rigidity Factor : K
I
= 0.3
J
P
= (52,14 |M
O
| V)/(L E
O
g
0
2
h
0
K
I
) = 0.959 shall be 1,0 with : E
O
= 27100 ksi
J
A
= (52,14 |M
A
| V)/(L E
A
g
0
2
h
0
K
I
) = 0.79 shall be 1,0 with : E
A
= 29200 ksi
A C
G B
HG
HD
HT
W
g0
g1
h
t
D


t A = 39.125 in
h B = 32 in
W C = 37 in
A C D = 32 in
t (at bolt circle) = 2 in
HG g1 h = 2.75 in
HT
HD
g0 = 0.5 in
G g0 g1 = 1.125 in
Ext. Gasket dia. 34.5 in
B D Gasket width (w) 0.75 in
raised face male 0.188 in

Design Pressure 400 psi
Design Temperature 500 F
Corrosion allowance 0 in
Flange Material SA105
Bolt material SA193GRB7
Shell material
Type of gasket Grooved metal (Soft Iron or Steel)
Gasket factor m 2.75
Min. Design Seating stress 3700 psi

Bolt diameter 1 in UNC 8
number of bolts 36
Bolt section 0.55 in2 from BoltUN.doc
total section Ab 19.84 in2

Mechanical characteristics

Allowable Stress at temp. Allowable Stress at seating
Shell Sf 19600.00 psi 20000.00 psi
Flange Sn 17100.00 psi 17100.00 psi
Bolt 25000.00 psi 25000.00 psi
Elasticity Modulus 27100000.00 psi 29200000.00 psi

B (corroded) 32 in Gasket dimensions
g0 (corroded) 0.5 in b0 (w/2) = 0.375 in
g1 (corroded) 1.125 in b = 0.306186218 in
G = 33.88762756 in
Bolt loads and section
H = 360771.485 lbf
Hp = 71713.2421 lbf
Wm2 = 120608.634 lbf
Wm1 = 432484.727 lbf
Am = 17.2993891 in2 OK Ab >= Am

Flange moments
HD = 321699.088 lbf
HT = 39072.3968 lbf
hD = 1.9375 in
hG = 1.55618622 in MA = 722369.7583 lbf in


hT = 2.02809311 in
W = 464192.363 lbf Mo = 814133.6003 lbf in
Stresses calculation
deltab = 3.22885912 in
C0 = 1
K = 1.22265625
h0 = 4
T = 1.82975561 M (seating) = 722369.7583 lbf in
U = 10.7398932
Y = 9.77332415 M (operation) = 814133.6003 lbf in
F = 0.77693343 E6 = -1.246983257
V = 0.16155154 E4 = 1.338307677
e = 0.19423336 for which A = 1.25
L = 0.87916386 C = 9.758283691
Z = 5.04131594 C36 = 2.074097577

operation (stresses in psi)
SH = 22864.98009 29400.00 min(1.5 Sf ; 2.5 Sn) OK
SR = 10972.46802 19600.00 Sf OK
ST = 6846.756232 19600.00 Sf OK
0.5 (SH + SR ) 16918.72405 19600.00 Sf OK
0.5 (SH + ST ) 14855.86816 19600.00 Sf OK
seating (stresses in psi)
SH = 20287.78831 30000.00 min(1.5 Sf ; 2.5 Sn) OK
SR = 9735.722817 20000.00 Sf OK
ST = 6075.03442 20000.00 Sf OK
0.5 (SH + SR ) 15011.75556 20000.00 Sf OK
0.5 (SH + ST ) 13181.41137 20000.00 Sf OK
Flange Rigidity KI = 0.3
Jo = 0.95943917 1 OK
JA = 0.79007398 1 OK


ASME VIII Div.1 2010 App. 26 Unreinforced Bellows
Pressure P = 150 psi
Bellows allowable stress S = 20 000 psi
Bellows yield strength S
y
= 25 000 psi
Bellows modulus of elasticity E
b
= 27 600 ksi
Bellows modulus of elasticity
Ambient
E
o
= 28 300 ksi
Collar allowable stress S
c
= /
Collar modulus of elasticity E
c
= /

No. of convolutions : N = 8
Convolution Height : w =
1.125 in
Convolution Pitch : q =
1.125 in

No. of plies : n = 1 Ply thickness : t = 0.05 in Collar Thickness : t
c
= /
Int. Diameter : D
b
= 24 in L
t
= 0.75 in L
c
= / L
b
= N q = 9 in

Mean diameter of convolution : D
m
= D
b
+w+nt = 25.175 in C
1
= q / 2w = 0.5
Mean diameter of collar : D
c
= D
b
+2nt+t
c
= / C
2
=
p m
t D 2 . 2 q = 0.461
Ply thickness (corrected for thinning) : t
p
=
m b
D D t = 0.049 in Figure 26-4 C
p
= 0.659
Cross section of 1 convolution : A = [ (( - 2)/2)q + 2w] n t
p
= 0.141 in
2

Figure 26-5 C
f
= 1.686
Figure 26-6 C
d
= 1.718
k = ( ) { } t D 5 . 1 L ; 1 min
b t
= 0.456 K
f
= 3.0 Joint efficiency : C
wc
= 1

Sum of combining movements : e
tot
= 1 in [q = e
tot
/N ] No. of cycles : N
spe
= 1 000
Spring rate (1 conv.) :
( )
f
3
p
m b
2
b
b
C
1
w
t
D E
N
n
1 2
K
|
|
\
|
= 7 267.063 lbf/in (
b
= 0.3)

Stresses due to pressure (n = 1)
Bellows circumferential membrane
( )
( ) ( )
P
k E L D t E L nt D nt
k E L nt D
2
1
S
c c c c b t b
b t
2
b
1
+ +
+
= = 16 466 psi S = 20 000 psi
Collar circumferential membrane
( )
P
k E L D t E L nt D nt
k E L D
2
1
S
c c c c b t b
c t
2
c
1
+ +
= = / C
wc
.S
c
= /
End convolutions circumferential
membrane
P
L t L nt A
) nt D ( L qD
2
1
S
c c t p
b t m
E , 2
+ +
+ +
= = 19 555 psi S = 20 000 psi
Intermediate convolutions
circumferential membrane
P
A
qD
2
1
S
m
I , 2
= = 15 044 psi S = 20 000 psi
Bellows meridional
Membrane S
3
, Bending S
4

P
nt 2
w
S
p
3
= = 1 728 psi
P C
t
w
n 2
1
S
p
2
p
4
|
|
\
|
= = 26 239 psi
S
3
+S
4
= 27 968 psi K
f
.S = 60 000 psi

Meridional stresses due to deflection
membrane :
q
f
3
2
p b
5
C w
t E
2
1
S = = 1 713 psi bending : q
d
2
p b
6
C w
t E
3
5
S = = 129 129 psi

Fatigue Life
S
t
= 0.7(S
3
+S
4
)+(S
5
+S
6
) = 150 420 psi
N
spe

2
o t
b
o
g
o
alw
S S
E
E
K
K
N
|
|
|
|
\
|
= = 2 012
Kg = 1 Ko = 5 200 000 psi So = 38 300 psi

w
nt
w
Db
Lt Lb Lc
tc
q


Limiting Internal
Design Pressure for
buckling
Nq K 34 . 0 P
b sc
= = 862 psi
P P
sc

q D AS ) 2 ( P
m
*
y si
= = 205 psi P P
si

S
y
*
= 2.3 S
y
= 1/3 S
4
/S
2,I
= 1+2
2
+(1-2
2
+4
4
)
0.5
= 2.5597

Asme Viii Div1 2010-2011a

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Asme Viii Div1 2010-2011a

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ASME VIII division 1

= 0.8S = 1/(4) ({4A

= 0.8S = 1/(4) ({4A

= 0.8S = 1/(4) ({4A

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