1.

That the new managing editor rose from the publications soft news sections to a leadership position is more of a
landmark in the industry than her being a woman.
A. her being a woman
B. being a woman is
C. her womanhood
D. that she was a woman
E. that she is a woman
2. n a le!eraged buyout" in!estors borrow huge sums of money to buy companies" hoping to pay off the debt by
using the company#s earnings and to profit richly by the later resale of the companies or their di!isions.
A. by using the company#s earnings and to profit
B. by using the companies# earnings and by profiting
C. using the companies# earnings and profiting
D. with the company#s earnings" profiting
E. with the companies# earnings and to profit
$. %egislation in the Canadian pro!ince of &ntario re'uires of both public and pri!ate employers that pay be the
same for (obs historically held by women as for (obs re'uiring comparable skill that are usually held by men.
A. that pay be the same for (obs historically held by women as for (obs re'uiring comparable skill that are
B. that pay for (obs historically held by women should be the same as for a (ob re'uiring comparable skills
C. to pay the same in (obs historically held by women as in (obs of comparable skill that are
D. to pay the same regardless of whether a (ob was historically held by women or is one demanding comparable
skills
E. to pay as much for (obs historically held by women as for a (ob demanding comparable skills
). n order to e!enly and effecti!ely paint a rough surface" it is necessary to sand it and apply primer before applying
the paint.
A. it and apply primer before applying the paint
B. it and prime it and paint it
C. it" then prime it" then paint it
D. the surface and apply primer before you
apply paint to the surface
E. the surface" apply primer to the surface and then paint it
*. A decade after initiating the nation#s most comprehensi!e and aggressi!e antismoking program" per capita
consumption of cigarettes in California declined from o!er 12* packs annually per person to about +," a drop
more than twice as great as in the nation as a whole.
A. per capita consumption of cigarettes in California declined from o!er 12* packs annually per person to about
+," a drop more than twice as great as
B. annual per capita consumption of cigarettes in California declined from o!er 12* packs to about +," more than
twice as great as that
C. California#s annual per capita consumption of cigarettes declined from o!er 12* packs per person to about +,"
more than twice as great as the drop
D. California has seen per capita consumption of cigarettes decline from o!er 12* packs annually to about +," a
drop more than twice as great as that
E. California has seen annual per capita consumption of cigarettes decline from o!er 12* packs per person to
about +," more than twice as great as that
+. According to scientists at the -ni!ersity of California" the pattern of changes that ha!e occurred in human D.A
o!er the millennia indicate the possibility that e!eryone ali!e today might be descended from a single female
ancestor who li!ed in Africa sometime between 1),",,, and 2/,",,, years ago.
A. indicate the possibility that e!eryone ali!e today might be descended from a single female ancestor who
B. indicate that e!eryone ali!e today might possibly be a descendant of a single female ancestor who had
C. may indicate that e!eryone ali!e today has descended from a single female ancestor who had
D. indicates that e!eryone ali!e today may be a descendant of a single female ancestor who
E. indicates that e!eryone ali!e today might be a descendant from a single female ancestor who
0. A higher interest rate is only one of the factors" albeit an important one" that keeps the housing market from
spiraling out of control" like it did earlier in the decade.
A. that keeps the housing market from spiraling out of control" like it did earlier in the decade.
B. that keep the housing market from spiraling out of control" as it did earlier in the decade
C. that keeps the housing market from spiraling out of control" as it did earlier in the decade
D. that keep the housing market from spiraling out of control" like earlier in the decade
E. that keep the housing market from spiraling out of control" like it did earlier in the decade
/. As the etched lines on computer memory chips ha!e become thinner and the chips1 circuits more comple2" both
the power of the chips and the electronic de!ices they dri!e ha!e !astly increased.
A. the chips1 circuits more comple2" both the power of the chips and the electronic de!ices they dri!e ha!e
B. the chips1 circuits more comple2" the power of both the chips and the electronic de!ices they dri!e has
C. the chips1 circuits are more comple2" both the power of the chips and the electronic de!ices they dri!e has
D. their circuits are more comple2" the power of both the chips and the electronic de!ices they dri!e ha!e
E. their circuits more comple2" both the power of the chips and the electronic de!ices they dri!e ha!e
3. n the 13/,#s the rate of increase of the minority population of the -nited 4tates was nearly twice as fast as the
130,#s.
A. twice as fast as
B. twice as fast as it was in
C. twice what it was in
D. two times faster than that of
E. two times greater than
1,. According to 5enry Da!id Thoreau" the reason a ma(ority is allowed to rule is not that it is more likely to be right"
but because it is stronger.
A. the reason a ma(ority is allowed to rule is not that it is more likely to be right" but because it is stronger
B. a ma(ority is allowed to rule not because it is more likely to be right" but because it is stronger
C. the reason for ma(ority rule is not because they are more likely to be right" they are stronger
D. the ma(ority is allowed to rule because of its strength" not because it is more likely to be right
E. the reason why the ma(ority rules is that it is strong" not because it is likely to be right
11. 4ome patients who do not respond therapies of depression may simply ha!e recei!ed inade'uate treatment"
ha!ing" for e2ample been prescribed a drug as a dosage too low to be effecti!e or ha!ing been taken off a drug too
soon.
A. ha!ing" for e2ample been prescribed a drug as a dosage too low to be effecti!e or ha!ing been
B. ha!ing" for e2ample" a drug prescription that was ineffecti!e because the dosage was too low" or being
C. as" for e2ample" ha!ing too low of a dosage of prescribed drug for it to be effecti!e" or being
D. when they ha!e" for e2ample" been prescribed too low a drug dosage for it to be effecti!e" or were
E. for e2ample" when they ha!e a drug prescription with a dosage too low to be effecti!e" or been
12. A catfish passes on to its offspring not only a particular genetic makeup and also definite en!ironmental needs"
such as for one specific lake1s temperature and salinity.
A. and also definite en!ironmental needs" such as for one specific lake1s temperature
B. and also definite en!ironmental needs" like the temperature of one specific lake
C. but also definite en!ironmental needs" such as for the temperature of one specific lake
D. but also definite en!ironmental needs" like one specific lake1s temperature
E. but also definite en!ironmental needs" such as for one specific lake1s temperature
1$. A discussion of our nations foreign policy must begin with the fact of there being an independent 6estern Europe
which now thinks of itself in trans7nationalist terms.
A. A discussion of our nations foreign policy must begin with the fact of there being
B. Beginning any discussion of our nations foreign policy must be the fact of there being
C. Any discussion of our nations foreign policy must begin with the fact that there is
D. Any discussion of our nations foreign policy must begin by acknowledging the e2istence of
E. To begin discussing our nations foreign policy thee must be an acknowledgment of the fact that
1). Biologists belie!e that they ha!e found one of the substances that tell indi!idual genes both when to become
acti!e and when to remain 'uiescent in the earliest phases of an embryo#s de!elopment.
A. tell indi!idual genes both when to become acti!e and when to remain
B. tell indi!idual genes both at which time they should become acti!e and should remain
C. tells indi!idual genes both when to become acti!e and when to remain
D. tells indi!idual genes both when to acti!ate and when to
E. tell an indi!idual gene both about when it should become acti!e and when it should remain
1*. 4chliemann determined at the age of se!en to find the site of ancient Troy and de!oted his subse'uent career to do
it.
A. de!oted his subse'uent career to do it
B. has de!oted his subse'uent career to do that
C. de!oted his subse'uent career to such an end
D. has de!oted his subse'uent career for that
E. de!oted his subse'uent career to that end
1+. -ntil 'uite recently" American economists ha!e assumed that the unemployment rate being four per cent" there is a
rough balance among (obs and (ob seekers.
A. the unemployment rate being four per cent" there is a rough balance among (obs and (ob seekers
B. should the unemployment rate be four per cent" there is a rough balance among (obs and (ob seekers
C. were the unemployment rate four per cent" there is a rough balance between (obs and (ob seekers
D. if the unemployment rate is four per cent" there is a rough balance between (obs and (ob seekers
E. there is a rough balance among (obs and (ob seekers when there is an unemployment rate that is four per cent
10. &ne of 8onald 8eagan1s first acts as 9resident was to rescind 9resident Carter1s directi!e that any chemical
banned on medical grounds in the -nited 4tates be prohibited from sale to other countries.
A. that any chemical banned on medical grounds in the -nited 4tates be prohibited from sale to other countries
B. that any chemical be prohibited from sale to other countries that was banned on medical grounds in the -nited
4tates
C. prohibiting the sale to other countries of any chemical banned on medical grounds in the -nited 4tates
D. prohibiting that any chemical banned on medical grounds in the -nited 4tates is sold to other countries
E. that any chemical banned in the -nited 4tates on medical grounds is prohibited from being sold to other
countries
1/. Due to the fact that :ordan wrecked Bono#s station wagon during a road trip last summer" she has not been and
probably ne!er would be allowed to dri!e her father#s car.
A. has not been and probably ne!er would be allowed to dri!e
B. has not been allowed to dri!e and probably ne!er will be allowed to dri!e
C. has not and probably ne!er would be allowed to dri!e
D. has not and probably will ne!er be allowed to dri!e
E. has not and probably ne!er will be allowed to dri!e
13. 4cientists ha!e recently disco!ered what could be the largest and oldest li!ing organism on Earth" a giant fungus
that is an interwo!en filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertili;ed spore some
1,"$,, years ago and e2tending for more than $$ acres in the soil of a <ichigan forest.
A. e2tending
B. e2tends
C. e2tended
D. it e2tended
E. is e2tending
2,. .eanderthals had a !ocal tract that resembled those of the apes and so were probably without language" a
shortcoming that may e2plain why they were supplanted by our own species.
A. .eanderthals had a !ocal tract that resembled those of the apes
B. .eanderthals had a !ocal tract resembling an ape1s
C. The !ocal tracts of .eanderthals resembled an ape1s
D. The .eanderthal1s !ocal tracts resembled the apes1
E. The !ocal tracts of the .eanderthals resembled those of the apes
21. Among lower7 paid workers" union members are less likely than non union members to be enrolled in lower7 end
insurance plans imposing stricter limits on medical ser!ices and re'uiring doctors to see more patients" and spend
less time with each.
A. imposing stricter limits on medical ser!ices and re'uiring doctors to see more patients" and spend
B. imposing stricter limits on medical ser!ices " re'uiring doctors to see more patients" and spending
C. that impose stricter limits on medical ser!ices" re'uire doctors to see more patients" and spend
D. that impose stricter limits on medical ser!ices and re'uire doctors to see more patients" and spending
E. that impose stricter limits on medical ser!ices" re'uiring doctors to see more patients and spending
22. <ost reco!ering heroin addicts seek to be free of drug dependency and others# pre(udicial treatment as well.
A. of drug dependency and others# pre(udicial treatment as well.
B. both of drug dependency and also of pre(udicial treatment.
C. both of drug dependency and also from pre(udicial treatment.
D. both of drug dependency but also from pre(udicial treatment.
E. both of drug dependency and of pre(udicial treatment as well.
2$. Added to the increase in hourly wages re'uested last :uly" the railroad employees are now seeking an e2panded
program of retirement benefits.
A. Added to the increase in hourly wages re'uested last :uly" the railroad employees are now seeking an e2panded
program of retirement benefits.
B. Added to the increase in hourly wages which had been re'uested last :uly" the employees of the railroad are
now seeking an e2panded program of retirement benefits.
C. The railroad employees are now seeking an e2panded program of retirement benefits added to the increase in
hourly wages that were re'uested last :uly.
D. n addition to the increase in hourly wages that were re'uested last :uly" the railroad employees are now
seeking an e2panded program of retirement benefits.
E. n addition to the increase in hourly wages re'uested last :uly" the employees of the railroad are now seeking an
e2panded program of retirement benefits.
2). Aho" a =iowa matriarch" held festi!als in her home" they featured the preparation of great 'uantities of ceremonial
food" the wearing of many layers of colorful clothing adorned with sil!er" and the recounting of traditional tribal
(okes and stories.
A. Aho" a =iowa matriarch" held festi!als in her home" they featured
B. >esti!als were held in Aho" a =iowa matriarch1s home" which featured
C. Aho" who was a =iowa matriarch in her home" held festi!als featuring
D. n her home" Aho" a =iowa matriarch" held festi!als that featured
E. Aho" a =iowa matriarch" held festi!als in her home that featured
2*. According to the enrollment statistics published by -.4. medical schools" the number of female medical students
is e'ui!alent to the number of male medical students currently enrolled in medical school.
A. the number of female medical students is e'ui!alent to the number of male medical students currently enrolled
in medical school
B. as many female as male students are currently enrolled in medical school
C. the number of female students is as many as that of male students currently enrolled in medical school
D. as great as the number of female is the number of male students currently enrolled in medical school
E. female and male students are currently enrolled in e'ual numbers in medical school
2+. A ma(ority of the international (ournalists sur!eyed !iew nuclear power stations as unsafe at present but that they
will" or could" be made sufficiently safe in the future.
A. that they will" or could"
B. that they would" or could"
C. they will be or could
D. think that they will be or could
E. think the power stations would or could
20. 5owe!er much -nited 4tates !oters may agree that there is waste in go!ernment and that the go!ernment as a
whole spends beyond its means" it is difficult to find broad support for a mo!ement toward a minimal state.
A. 5owe!er much -nited 4tates !oters may agree that
B. Despite the agreement among -nited 4tates !oters to the fact
C. Although -nited 4tates !oters agree
D. E!en though -nited 4tates !oters may agree
E. There is agreement among -nited 4tates !oters that
2/. -nlike the original .ational <useum of 4cience and Technology in taly" where the models are encased in glass or
operated only by staff members" the ?irtual %eonardo 9ro(ect" an online !ersion of the museum" encourages
!isitors to @touchA each e2hibit" which thereby acti!ates the animated functions of the piece.
A. e2hibit" which thereby acti!ates
B. e2hibit" in turn an acti!ation of
C. e2hibit" and it will acti!ate
D. e2hibit and thereby acti!ate
E. e2hibit which" as a result" acti!ates
23. Darwin was not the first to ad!ance a theory of e!olutionB his tremendous originality lay in the fact that he
proposed the idea of natural selection as the means by which e!olution worked.
A. lay in the fact that he proposed the idea
B. lay in the fact of his proposing the idea
C. laid in the fact of his proposing the idea
D. laid in his proposal
E. lay in his proposal
$,. :ust because =ing Alfred occupied and fortified %ondon in //+ did not mean that he also won the loyalty of its
citi;ensC the in!ading Danes were well aware of this weakness and used it to their ad!antage in /3$.
A. :ust because =ing Alfred occupied and fortified %ondon in //+ did not mean that he
B. The fact that =ing Alfred had occupied and fortified %ondon in //+ did not mean that he had
C. :ust because =ing Alfred occupied and fortified %ondon in //+" it did not mean he
D. The fact that =ing Alfred occupied and fortified %ondon in //+" it did not mean that he
E. :ust because =ing Alfred had occupied and fortified %ondon in //+" it did not mean he
$1. n addition to her work on the miocene homicide fosiil record" <ary %eakey contributed to archaelogy with her
disco!ery of the earliest direct e!idence of hominid acti!ity and painstakingly documenting East African
paintings.
A. %eakey contributed to archaeology with her disco!ery of the earliest direct e!idence of hominid acti!ity and
painstakingly documenting
B. %eakey contributed to archaeology by her disco!ery of the earliest direct e!idence of hominid acti!ity and by
painstakingly documenting
C. %eakey was a contributor to archaelogy with her disco!ery of the earliest direct e!idence of hominid acti!ity
and with her painstaking documentation of
D. %eakey#s contributions to archaelogy include her disco!ery of the earliest direct e!idence of hominid acti!ity
and her painstaking documentation of
E. %eakey#s contributions to archaelogy include her disco!ering the earliest direct e!idence of hominid acti!ity
and painstaking documentation of
$2. A year ad!antage in a new computer product or process being introduced can gi!e a company a significant edge
on its competitors.
A. A year ad!antage in a new computer product or process being introduced
B. ntroducing a new computer product or process by a year earlier
C. A year#s ad!antage to introduce a new computer product or process
D. To introduce a new computer product or process by a year earlier
E. Being a year ahead in introducing a new computer product or process
$$. A historian attempting to predict in the 1/0,#s which nation would take o!er world leadership from the British
probably would ha!e guessed Bismarck#s 9russia and been 'uite wrong.
A. ha!e guessed Bismarck#s 9russia and been
B. ha!e guessed that it would ha!e been Bismarck#s 9russia and he would be
C. ha!e guessed Bismarck#s 9russia and would be
D. guess Bismarck#s 9russia and be
E. guess that it would be Bismarck#s 9russia and would ha!e been
$). :apan is a culture of accommodation and constraint" a system of forms" eti'uette" and images" making its e!er7
present congestion tolerable.
A. :apan is a culture of accommodation and constraint" a system of forms" eti'uette" and images" making its
B. :apan" a culture of accommodation and constraint" is a system of forms" eti'uette" and images" which makes its
C. A culture of accommodation and constraint" :apan is a system of forms" eti'uette" and images making its
D. :apan#s is a culture of accommodation and constraint" a system of forms" eti'uette" and images that makes the
E. :apan#s is a culture of accommodation and constraint" of a system of forms" eti'uette" and images which makes
the
$*. An economic recession can result from a lowering of employment rates triggered by a drop in in!estment" which
causes people to cut consumer spending and starts a cycle of layoffs leading back to e!en lower employment rates.
A. a lowering of employment rates triggered by a drop in in!estment" which causes people to cut consumer
spending and start a cycle of layoffs leading back to e!en lower employment rates.
B. a lowering of employment rates triggered by dropping in!estment" which causes people to cut consumer
spending and starts a cycle of layoffs leading back to e!en lower employment rates.
C. falling employment rates triggered by a drop in in!estment" which cause cutbacks in consumer spending"
starting a cycle of layoffs that lead to e!en lower employment rates.
D. falling employment rates that are triggered by a drop in in!estment" causing people to cut consumer spending
and starting a cycle of layoffs that lead back to e!en lower employment rates.
E. falling employment rates that are triggered by a drop in in!estment" causing cutbacks in consumer spending and
starting a cycle of layoffs leading to e!en lower employment rates.
$+. Among the emotions on display in the negotiating room were anger for repeatedly raising the issue o!er and o!er
again and pre!enting the raw wounds from earlier battles from e!er beginning to heal.
A. were anger for repeatedly raising the issue o!er and o!er again and pre!enting the raw wounds from earlier
battles from e!er beginning to heal
B. was anger for repeatedly raising the issue and pre!enting the raw wounds from earlier battles from e!er
beginning to heal
C. were anger o!er repeatedly raising the issue and pre!enting the raw wounds from earlier battles to begin
healing
D. was anger about the issue" which was raised o!er and o!er" and pre!enting the wounds from earlier battles" still
raw" to begin healing
E. were anger about the issue" which was raised repeatedly" and pre!enting the raw wounds from earlier battles to
begin to heal
$0. According to public health officials" in 133/ <assachusetts became the first state in which more babies were born
to women o!er the age of thirty than under it.
A. than
B. than born
C. than they were
D. than there had been
E. than had been born
$/. Corporate finance committees do not plan the detailed acti!ities of the !arious di!isions in a large firm" but by
their allocation of in!estment funds they make strategic (udgements as to where the firm should e2pand.
A. by their allocation of in!estment funds they make strategic (udgements as to where the firm should e2pand
B. when they allocate in!estment funds" they make strategic (udgements about where the firm might be e2panding
C. they make strategic (udgements on where the firm should e2pand when they allocate in!estment funds
D. by allocating in!estment funds" they will make strategic (udgements about where the firm might be e2panding
E. allocations of in!estments fund as to where the firm should e2pand are their e2ercise in strategic (udgement
$3. Cynics charge that <a(or %eague Baseball lobbied for stadiums with fewer seats to reduce supply and increase
ticket prices.
A. lobbied for stadiums with fewer seats to reduce supply and increase ticket prices.
B. lobbied for stadiums with less seats to reduce supply and increase ticket prices.
C. lobbied for stadiums that had fewer seats to reduce supply and increase ticket prices.
D. lobbied for stadiums that had less seats to reduce supply and increase ticket prices.
E. lobbied for stadiums that had less seats as a means of reducing supply so they could increase ticket prices.
),. A group of sudents who ha!e begun to clean up >rederick %aw &lmstead#s <orning 9ark in .ew Dork City
belie!es that the park needs not to be redesigned but to be returned to its former condition
A. belie!es that the park needs not to be redesigned but to
B. belie!e that the park needs to not be redesigned but to
C. belie!es that the park needs not to be redesigned but could
D. belie!e that the park needs not to be redesigned but to
E. belie!e that the park needs not to be redesigned but that it
)1. &n Earth" among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are belie!ed to be the rate that trees grow" as seen in the
rings !isible in the cross sections of their trunks.
A. &n Earth" among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are belie!ed to be the rate that trees grow
B. &n Earth" among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are" it is belie!ed" the rate of tree growth
C. &n Earth" the rate at which trees grow is belie!ed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles
D. Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles" belie!ed to be the tree growth rate
E. Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is belie!ed to be the rate at which trees grow
)2. Australian embryologists ha!e found e!idence that suggests that the elephant is descended from an a'uatic
animal" and its trunk originally e!ol!ed as a kind of snorkel.
A. that suggests that the elephant is descended from an a'uatic animal" and its trunk originally e!ol!ed
B. that has suggested the elephant descended from an a'uatic animal" its trunk originally e!ol!ing
C. suggesting that the elephant had descended from an a'uatic animal with its trunk originally e!ol!ing
D. to suggest that the elephant had descended from an a'uatic animal and its trunk originally e!ol!ing
E. to suggest that the elephant is descended from an a'uatic animal and that its trunk originally e!ol!ed
)$. 4e!eral financial officers of the company spoke on condition that they not be named in the press reports.
A. that they not be named
B. that their names will not be used
C. that their names are not used
D. of not ha!ing their names
E. of not naming them
)). The first time that %arry walked down the ramp" laden with packages" he tripped and nearly dislocated his
shoulder.
A. %arry walked down the ramp" laden with packages"
B. %arry walked" laden with packages" down the ramp
C. %arry walked down the ramp" with laden packages"
D. %arry" laden with packages" walked down the ramp
E. %arry" laden with packages" had walked down the ramp"
)*. Although do;ens of .ew Dork1s small museums are either de!oted to local history or !arious ethnic groups" there
are many one7of7a7kind museums from <anhattan to the Bron2 that are open for e2ploration on summer
weekends.
A. Although do;ens of .ew Dork1s small museums are either de!oted to local history or !arious ethnic groups"
there are
B. Although do;ens of .ew Dork1s small museums are de!oted to local history or !arious ethnic groups"
C. Do;ens of .ew Dork1s small museums are de!oted to local history or !arious ethnic groups" but there are
D. Do;ens of .ew Dork1s small museums are de!oted to local history or !arious ethnic groups" and there are also
E. De!oted to local history or !arious ethnic groups" do;ens of .ew Dork1s small museums and also
)+. Based on the growth rates of large modern reptiles such as the Ealapagos tortoise and e2aminations of fossils of
(u!enile dinosaurs" scientists estimate that the largest dinosaurs probably li!ed to be between 1,, and 2,, years
old.
A. Based on the growth rates of large modern reptiles such as
B. &n the basis of growth rates of large modern reptiles such as
C. Based on the growth rates of large modern reptiles like
D. &n the basis of growth rates of large modern reptiles" like those of
E. Based on such growth rates as those of large modern reptiles like
)0. The Diary of Anne >rank tells the true story of a young girl and her family that were hidden during the .a;i
occupation of the .etherlands by a gentile Dutch couple" though they were e!entually disco!ered.
A. that were hidden during the .a;i occupation of the .etherlands by a gentile Dutch couple" though they were
e!entually disco!ered
B. that were hidden by a gentile Dutch couple during the .a;i occupation of the .etherlands" though they were
e!entually disco!ered
C. whom a gentile Dutch couple hid during the .a;i occupation of the .etherlands but were e!entually
disco!ered
D. who were hidden by a gentile Dutch couple during the .a;i occupation of the .etherlands but were e!entually
disco!ered
E. who were hidden by a gentile Dutch couple during the .a;i occupation of the .etherlands e!en though they
were e!entually disco!ered
)/. A new phenomena" which is !isible at <anagua1s ma(or intersections" are wa!es of !endors and beggars" which
include many children and mob cars at the stoplights.
A. A new phenomena" which is !isible at <anagua1s ma(or intersections" are wa!es of !endors and beggars" which
include many children and
B. ?isible at <anagua1s ma(or intersections are wa!es of !endors and beggars with many children" new
phenomena that
C. A new phenomenon !isible at <anagua1s ma(or intersections is wa!es of !endors and beggars" many of them
children" who
D. 9henomenally new wa!es of !endors" beggars" and many children are !isible at <anagua1s ma(or intersections"
which
E. A wa!e of !endors and beggars" many of whom are children" are !isible at <anagua1s ma(or intersections"
where they are a new phenomenon and
)3. 8egarded by analysts to be the result of tensions during the Cold 6ar" the spy no!el reached the ;enith of its sales
in the 13+,s" when most Americans percei!ed the -.4.4.8. like a constant threat.
A. 8egarded by analysts to be the result of tensions during the Cold 6ar" the spy no!el reached the ;enith of its
sales in the 13+,s" when most Americans percei!ed the -.4.4.8. like a constant threat.
B. The spy no!el" regarded by analysts to be the result of tensions during the Cold 6ar" reached the ;enith of its
sales in the 13+,s" when most Americans percei!ed the -.4.4.8. to be a constant threat.
C. 8egarded by analysts as the result of tensions during the Cold 6ar" in the 13+,s the spy no!el reached the
;enith of its sales" when most Americans percei!ed the -.4.4.8. like a constant threat.
D. 8eaching the ;enith of its sales in the 13+,s" the spy no!el was regarded by analysts as the result of tensions
during the Cold 6ar" when most Americans percei!ed the -.4.4.8. as a constant threat.
E. 8egarded by analysts as the result of tensions during the Cold 6ar" sales of the spy no!el reached their ;enith
in the 13+,s" when most Americans percei!ed the -.4.4.8. as a constant threat.
*,. At the time of the <e2ican agrarian re!olution" the most radical faction" that of Fapata and his followers"
proposed a return to communal ownership of land" to what had been a pre7Columbian form of ownership
respected by the 4paniards.
A. land" to what had been a pre7Columbian form of ownership respected by the 4paniards
B. land" a form of ownership of the pre7Columbians and respected by the 4paniards
C. land" respected by the 4paniards and a pre7Columbian form of ownership
D. land in which a pre7Columbian form of ownership was respected by the 4paniards
E. land that had been a pre7Columbian form of ownership respected by the 4paniards
*1. n his e2periments with gra!ity" saac .ewton showed how the motion of each planet in the solar system results
from the combined gra!itational pull of the 4un and of all the other planets" each contributing according to their
mass and distance from the others.
A. of all the other planets" each contributing according to their
B. of all the other planets" with each of them contributing according to their
C. all the other planets" each of which contributing according to its
D. all the other planets" each contributing according to its
E. all the other planets" each of which contribute according to their
*2. The ancient 8omans piped hot water through the walls and under the floors so as to warm up the rooms.
A. so as to warm up the rooms
B. and so would be able to warm up the rooms
C. to warm the rooms up
D. so that they could warm up the rooms
E. in order that they would warm up the rooms
*$. >amed for his masterful use of irony" many of Euy de <aupassant#s short stories ha!e become classics due to the
author slowly re!ealing at the end of each piece a tragic twist of fate.
A. >amed for his masterful use of irony" many of Euy de <aupassant#s short stories ha!e become classics due to
the author slowly re!ealing at the end of each piece a tragic twist of fate.
B. <any of Euy de <aupassant#s short stories ha!e become classics because of how he famously and masterfully
uses irony" e!ident in the slow re!elation of a tragic twist of fate at the end of each piece.
C. >amed for using irony in a masterful way" many of Euy de <aupassant#s short stories ha!e become classics
because of the author slowly re!ealing a tragic twist of fate at the end of each piece.
D. <any of Euy de <aupassant#s short stories ha!e become classics because of the author#s famed and masterful
use of irony" e!idenced in the slow re!elation of a tragic twist of fate at the end of each piece.
E. <any of Euy de <aupassant#s short stories ha!e become classics because he slowly re!ealed a tragic twist of
fate at the end of each piece" demonstrating his famed and masterful use of irony.
*). There are hopeful signs that we are shifting away from our hea!y reliance on fosil fuelsB more than ten times as
much energy is generated through wind power now than it was in 133,.
A. generated through wind power now than it was
B. generated through wind power now as it was
C. generated through wind power now as was the case
D. now generated through wind power as it was
E. now generated through wind power than was the case
**. Because of the enormous research and de!elopment e2penditures re'uired to sur!i!e in the electronics industry" an
industry marked by rapid inno!ation and !olatile demand" such firms tend to be !ery large.
A. to sur!i!e
B. of firms to sur!i!e
C. for sur!i!ing
D. for sur!i!al
E. for firms1 sur!i!al
*+. During an ice age" the buildup of ice at the poles and the drop in water le!els near the e'uator speed up the Earth1s
rotation" like a spinning figure skater whose speed increases when her arms are drawn in.
A. like a spinning figure skater whose speed increases when her arms are drawn in
B. like the increased speed of a figure skater when her arms are drawn in
C. like a figure skater who increases speed while spinning with her arms drawn in
D. (ust as a spinning figure skater who increases speed by drawing in her arms
E. (ust as a spinning figure skater increases speed by drawing in her arms
*0. Each of 5emingway1s wi!esG5adley 8ichardson" 9auline 9feiffer" <artha Eelhorn" and <ary 6elshGwere
strong and interesting women" !ery different from the often pallid women who populate his no!els.
A. Each of 5emingway1s wi!esG5adley 8ichardson" 9auline 9feiffer" <artha Eelhorn" and <ary 6elshGwere
strong and interesting women"
B. 5adley 8ichardson" 9auline 9feiffer" <artha Eelhorn" and <ary 6elshGeach of them 5emingway1s wi!esG
were strong and interesting women"
C. 5emingway1s wi!esG5adley 8ichardson" 9auline 9feiffer" <artha Eelhorn" and <ary 6elshGwere all strong
and interesting women"
D. 4trong and interesting womenG5adley 8ichardson" 9auline 9feiffer" <artha Eelhorn" and <ary 6elshGeach
a wife of 5emingway" was
E. 4trong and interesting womenG5adley 8ichardson" 9auline 9feiffer" <artha Eelhorn" and <ary 6elshGe!ery
one of 5emingway1s wi!es were
*/. Dental caries and gingi!itis can be e2acerbated not only by the foods patients eat but also by when the patients eat
them.
A. not only by the foods patients eat but also by when the patients eat them
B. by not only the foods patients eat but also by when the patients eat them
C. not only by the foods patients eat but also by time when the foods are eaten
D. by not only the foods that are eaten by patients but also by the times the foods are eaten
E. not only by what patients eat but also by when they eat it
*3. The failing of the book lies not in a lack of attention to scientific detail but in the depiction of scenes of life and
death in the marine world with emotional o!ertones that reduce the credibility of the work.
A. depiction of scenes of life and death in the marine world with emotional o!ertones that
B. fact that it depicts marine world scenes of life and death as ha!ing emotional o!ertones that
C. depiction of scenes of life and death in the marine world" whose emotional o!ertones
D. depiction of marine world scenes of life and death" which ha!e emotional o!ertones and thus
E. fact that it depicts scenes of life and death in the marine world" whose emotional o!ertones
+,. The computer software being designed for a pro(ect studying .ati!e American access to higher education will not
only meet the needs of that study" but also has the !ersatility and power of facilitating similar research endea!ors.
A. but also has the !ersatility and power of facilitating
B. but also ha!e the !ersatility and power to facilitate
C. but it also has the !ersatility and power to facilitate
D. and also ha!e the !ersatility and power of facilitating
E. and it also has such !ersatility and power that it can facilitate
+1. 4hould present metal prices continue their sharp rise" the !alue of the copper in a penny will soon be greater than
the face !alue of the coin.
A. 4hould present metal prices continue their sharp rise"
B. f present metal prices are continuing their sharp rise"
C. f present metal prices continue to sharply rise"
D. Continuation of sharply rising metal prices should mean that
E. <etal prices1 sharp rise continuing should mean that
+2. A 1302 agreement between Canada and the -nited 4tates reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities
had been allowed to dump into the Ereat %akes.
A. reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump
B. reduced the phosphate amount that municipalities had been dumping
C. reduces the phosphate amount municipalities ha!e been allowed to dump
D. reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump
E. reduces the amount of phosphates allowed for dumping by municipalities
+$. .owhere in 9rakta is the influence of modern European architecture more apparent than their go!ernment
buildings.
A. more apparent than their
B. so apparent as their
C. more apparent than in its
D. so apparent than in their
E. as apparent as it is in its
+). n his eagerness to find a city worthy of 9riam" the Eerman archaeologist 4chliemann cut through Troy and
unco!ered a ci!ili;ation a thousand years older as was the city 5omer1s heroes knew.
A. older as was the city 5omer1s heroes knew
B. more ancient than the city known to 5omer1s heroes
C. older than was the city known to 5omer1s heroes
D. more ancient of a city than 5omer1s heroes knew
E. older of a city than was the one known to 5omer1s heroes
+*. Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation" acting
as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or free;ing o!er" they also accelerate the
destruction of the o;one layer by reacting with chloroflurocarbons HC>C#sI.
A. acting as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or free;ing o!er" they also accelerate
B. acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or free;ing o!er" while also
accelerating
C. act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or free;ing o!er" while also accelerating
D. they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps the Earth either from burning up or free;ing o!er" e!en though it
also accelerates
E. they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or free;ing o!er" but they also
accelerate
++. This April" three out of se!en people will file ta2 returns with a disk found in software stores and accounting te2ts.
A. ta2 returns with a disk found in software stores and accounting te2ts
B. a ta2 return with a disk found in software stores and accounting te2ts
C. ta2 returns with disks found in a software store and an accounting te2t
D. ta2 returns with a disk found in a software store and an accounting te2t
E. a ta2 return with a disk found in a software sotre and an accounting te2t
+0. A recent poll indicates that many people in the -nited 4tates hold a combination of conser!ati!e and liberal
political !iewsB i.e." they denounce the big go!ernment" saying go!ernment is doing too much and has become too
powerful" while at the same time supporting many specific go!ernment programs for health care" education" and
the en!ironment.
A. they denounce the big go!ernment" saying go!ernment is doing too much and has become too powerful" while
at the same time supporting
B. they denounce big go!ernment7 they say that go!ernment is doing too much and has become too powerful7but
supporting at the same time
C. they denounce big go!ernment" say that go!ernment is doing too much and it has become too powerful" while
they support at the same time
D. while they denounce big go!ernment" saying that go!ernment is doing too much and has become too powerful"
at the same time supporting
E. while they are denouncing big go!ernment7 they say that go!ernment is doing too much and it has become too
powerful7supporting at the same time
+/. Anyone wishing to be considered for the position should send in their resumes before the deadline on &ctober 1,.
A. send in their resumes
B. send their resumes in
C. send in their resume
D. send their resume in
E. send in his resume
+3. The growth of the railroads led to the abolition of local times" which was determined by when the sun reached the
obser!er#s meridian and differing from city to city" and to the establishment of regional times.
A. which was determined by when the sun reached the obser!er#s meridian and differing
B. which was determined by when the sun reached the obser!er#s meridian and which differed
C. which were determined by when the sun reached the obser!er#s meridian and differing
D. determined by when the sun reached the obser!er#s meridian and differed
E. determined by when the sun reached the obser!er#s meridian and differing
Answers:
1. E
2. E
$. A
). A
*. D
+. D
0. B
/. B
3. C
1,. B
11. A
12. E
1$. D
1). A
1*. E
13. A
2,. B
21. D
22. E
2$. E
2). D
2*. B
2+. D
20. A
2/. D
23. E
$,. B
$1. D
$2. D
$$. A
$0. A
$/. A
$3. A
),. A
)1. C
)2. E
)$. A
)). D
)*. D
)+. B
)0. D
)/. C
)3. E
*,. A
*1. D
**. B
*+. E
*0. C
*/. E
*3. A
+,. A
+1. B
+2. A
+$. D
+). C
+*. B
++. A
+0. B
+/. A
+3. E
1+. D
10. C
1/. B
$). D
$*. C
$+. B
*2. D
*$. D
*). C
0,. E