Audio Heidegger on Being & Ontotheology: Professor Rubenstien

http://youtu.be/-YqD!"!#$%
&ntrodu'tion Preli(in)ry Defitions
From Michael Inwoord A Heidegger dictionary Oxford Blackwell Publishers 1 !! 1"#1$%
Heidegger&s Main 'exts on the History of Meta!hysics as Ontothology
Ontotheology:
Ontologie is the (study )logos* of beings )onta*(*
'heologie the (study of +od )theos*(,
Heidegger 'o(bines these +ree$-deri,ed -ords to for( Onto-.heologie or Onto-.heo-/ogie.

.he ide)* but not the -ords* ste( fro( Aristotle* -hose 0first philosophy0 'onsiders both beings )s su'h )nd the highest being 12)nt
und d)s Proble( der 3et)physi$* 445 / !657 8inleitung 9u 0")s ist (et)physi$:0* ;<; / <6=.
.hus ontotheology )s$s t-o distin't questions:
!. "h)t )re beings )s su'h in gener)l:
4. "h)t is the highest being* )nd -h)t is its n)ture: 12)nt .hese >ber d)s ?ein* %%;=.
.he questions )re e)sily 'onfl)ted in +er()n* sin'e ")s ist d)s ?eiende:0* 0"h)t )re beings:0* is liter)lly 0"h)t is the being:0 or 0"h)t
is th)t -hi'h is:0* -hi'h (ight be either question ! or question 4.
?o(eti(es Heidegger gi,es ) different )''ount of the t-o questions.
@uestion ! is 0)bout beings )s su'h An)'h de( ?eienden )ls eine( sol'henB0*
@uestion 4 is 0)bout beings )s ) -hole An)'h de( ?eienden i( +)n9enB0 12)nt und d)s Proble( der 3et)physi$* 445 / !65=.
He i(putes this 'onfl)tion to his e)rlier self: in -as ist Meta!hysik./ 0
meta!hysics is defined )s the question )bout beings )s su'h
)nd
)s ) -hole An)'h de( ?eienden )ls sol'he( )nd i( +)n9enB.
.he -holeness of this -hole ADie +)n9heit dieses +)n9esB is the unity of beings* the ground th)t brings the( forth )nd unifies the(.
.o )nyone -ho ')n re)d* this (e)ns: meta!hysics is Onto#'heo#0ogie( 1&dentitCt und Differen9* 6! / 6%.
8lse-here
he lo')tes the 'onfusion in the -hole phr)se d)s +)n9e des ?eienden )ls sol'hen* 0the -hole of beings )s su'h0*
-hi'h (ight (e)n:
1, 0the (ost gener)l fe)tures of beings0* or 1. 0the highest )nd thus di,ine being0 18inleitung 9u 0")s ist (et)physi$:* ;<; /
4<6=. 1Aristotle is inno'ent of this 'onfusion: his god is one being )(ong others* not the -hole of beings.
But in &dentitCt und Differen9 Heidegger is de)ling -ith Hegel* -hose god is the o,er)ll stru'ture of beings* not )n indi,idu)l being.=
Biologie is the 0study0 or 0s'ien'e0 of li,ing 're)tures. But in Onto.heologie* -logie pl)ys ) gr)nder role. /ogos* fro( legein* 0to l)y out*
)rr)nge* g)ther* s)y* et'.0* (e)ns 0ground A+rundB* letting 1things= lie before 1us= ADorliegenl)ssenB0* )nd )lso 0g)thering
ADers)((lungB* uniting0 1&dentitCt und Differen9* 6%f. / 6<7 E< / EF=. 3et)physi's does both. &t g)thers beings together to 'onsider
the( 0)s ) -hole0. &t reg)rds being )s the 0ground0 of beings: 0Ontology )nd theology )re 0-logies0 be')use they get to the botto(
Aergr>ndenB of beings )s su'h )nd ground Abegr>ndenB the( )s ) -hole Ai( +)n9en* lit. 0in the -hole0B0 1&dentitCt und Differen9* 6E /
6F=. Hen'e Hegel ')lled (et)physi's 0logi'07 it is Onto-.heo-/ogi$.
Ho- does +od be'o(e ) being* the highest entity* r)ther th)n si(ply ?ein* 0being0: Being )nd beings )re distin't but insep)r)ble.
Being 0grounds Agr>ndetB0 beings* )nd 'on,ersely beings 0beground Abegr>ndenB0 being. But beings ')n beground being only in the
for( of ) single supre(e being* ) ')use th)t is ')us) sui* 0')use of itself0: 0.his is the )ppropri)te n)(e for the god of philosophy. 3)n
')nnot pr)y to this god* nor offer s)'rifi'es to hi(. 3)n ')nnot f)ll to his $nees in )-e before the ')us) sui* nor d)n'e )nd pl)y (usi'
before this god0 &dentitCt und Differen9* <5 / <4=. Heidegger thin$s th)t 0god-less thin$ing0* in re#e'ting this god of philosophy* is
0perh)ps 'loser to the di,ine god0 1&dentitCt und Differen9* <! / <4=: 0the ontotheologi')l 'h)r)'ter of (et)physi's h)s be'o(e
question)ble for thin$ing* not on the b)sis of )ny )theis(* but fro( the eGperien'e of ) thin$ing -hi'h h)s seen in onto-theo-logy the
still unthought unity of the essen'e of (et)physi's0 1&dentitCt und Differen9* 6! / 66=. &n thin$ing )bout this unity* )nd )bout the
D&HH8R8IJ8 th)t (et)physi's dis'erns only h)9ily* Heidegger goes beyond (et)physi's.K
Hro(: 3i'h)el &n-oord - A Heidegger di'tion)ry - OGford* Bl)'$-ell Publishers* !FFF* pp. !%F-!65.7
LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
Iote 3i'h)el B Bre9ins$y M ?he underst)nds neither Heidegger nor the philosophi')l history is -hi'h he st)nds
?ee )lso &)n .ho(son )t ni,ersity of Ie- 3eGi'o
Arti'le Ontothoology : nderst)nidng HeideggerNs Destru$tion of 3et)physi's
?ee follo-ing )bstr)'t of )rti'le
Ontotheology -iki!edia (e)ns the ontology of +od )nd/or the theology of being. "hile the ter( -)s first used by
2)nt* it h)s only 'o(e into bro)der philosophi')l p)rl)n'e -ith the signifi')n'e it too$ for 3)rtin Heidegger0s l)ter thought. "hile*
for Heidegger* the ter( is used to 'ritique the -hole tr)dition of 0"estern (et)physi's0* (u'h re'ent s'hol)rship h)s sought to
question -hether 0ontotheology0 de,eloped )t ) 'ert)in point in the (et)physi')l tr)dition* -ith ()ny see$ing to equ)te the
de,elop(ent of 0ontotheologi')l0 thin$ing -ith the de,elop(ent of (odernity* )nd Duns ?'otus often being 'ited )s the first
0ontotheologi)n0.
F,O, 2otes on talk
One ")y p through the ")y B)'$ into the Out of Ontotheology 1&ntrodu'tion to 3)rtin Heidegger=*O &n .heory /e'ture ?eries*
O'tober 6* 45!!.
Professor 3)ry-P)ne Rubenstien dis'usses the though of 3)rtin Heidegger )t "esley)n ni,ersity
Boo$s published
Strange Wonder: The Closure of Metaphysics and the Opening of Awe
By Mary-Jane Rubenstein published 2013 Has a long chapter on Heidegger 25 pages available for revie
Worlds Without End: The Many Lives of the Multiverse
By Mary-Jane Rubenstein
Hope is to dis'o,er One ")y in )ppro)'hing Heidegger
&t 'ould be th)t ()int)ining ) 'ert)in B8."88I8??
&s the ,ery t)s$ of thin$ing for Heidegger holding oneself B8."88I
the sensible )nd the senseless M the thought )nd the unthought M the ordin)ry )nd ,ery str)nge M
At issue that I will be ex!loring this afternoon
&?
the Jritique of 3et)physi's )s Ontotheologi')l
& -ill be )s$ing "h)t th)t 3e)ns : )nd "hy it 3)tters
J)lling on rel)ti,ely 1 short texts
!. .he first is the !F%F HeideggerNs Preface to -hat is Meta!hysics M boo$ entitled
.he -)y b)'$ into the ground of (et)physi's referred to )s -B )nd
4. .he se'ond is the concluding installment to Heidegger le'ture series in !F6E -!F6< on HegelNs ?'ien'e )nd /ogi'
th)t he e,en ')lls the Ontotheologi')l Jonstitution of 3et)physi's -hi'h & -ill ')ll the O3
6:;% Meta!hysics th)t br)n'h of philosophy th)t de)ls -ith notions of ulti()te re)lity M th)t -ith the stuff )bo,e )nd beyond
the order of I)ture M -h)t being is or -hether or not +od is or -here the re)l is lo')ted
"h)t Heidegger (e)ns by 3et)physi's he (e)ns the entire or -hole History of "estern Philosophy )ll the -)y fro( Pl)to
through Hegel M he (e)ns th)t ')l'ul)ti,e $ind of thin$ing M in -hi'h ) thin$ing sub#e't M represents beings )s ob#e'ts M
- ) thin$ing -hi'h further (ore 3AP? this sub#e'ti,e ob#e'ti,e split onto ) -hole host of other du)lis(s
- subst)n'e ,s. )''idents* etern)l ,s. te(por)l* for( ,s. ()tter
2ow Heidegger s)ys this tr)dition -)s o,erturned by Friedrich 2iet4sche
"ho re,e)led the so-')lled intelligible re)l( 1f.o. th)t is the 3et)physi')l re)l(= )s )n unst)ble produ't of the sensible re)l(
.his Heidegger is -h)t Iiet9s'heNs 3)d 3ens (e)n -hen he runs through the ()r$etpl)'e 'rying +OD is D8AD
Heidegger -rites
th)t the pronoun'e(ent th)t +od is De)d (e)ns th)t the supersensory -orld is -ithout effe'ti,e po-er it besto-s no life
<:!E 3et)physi's th)t is for Iiet9s'he "estern Philosophy understood )s Pl)tonis( is )t )n 8ID
?o Iiet9s'he pro'l)i(ed the 8ID of Pl)tonis(
And
He Iiet9s'he o5erturned it but he Iiet9s'he did not o5ercome it ?AY? Heidegger
2iet4sche still re()ins -ithin the 'onfines of (et)physi's
Be')use
&n HeideggerNs often str)ined interpret)tion of Iiet9s'he in order to HR88 hi(self fro( +OD
)nd
the HOR3? of so(e other world as the site of ultimate 5alue
Iiet9s'he 'onsolid)ted the Hu()n ?ub#e't )s the site of ulti()te ,)lue
+OD is D8AD the 3)d 3en s)id )nd -e h),e $illed hi(
M this theocidal 1syste()ti' er)di')tion of ) 'ert)in religion ""&& I)9iNs )g)inst Pe-s ""&&
Hu()n ?ub#e't be'o(es for Heidegg)rNs Iiet9s'he quote
- 6 the eGe'utor of un'ondition)l -ill to Power7
- .he one -ho ulti()tely deter(ines the ,)lue of being in the )bsen'e of tr)ns'enden'e
- )nd
- for th)t re)son the hu()n sub#e't be'o(es the ()ster of being itself
3)n enters into insurre'tion Heidegger -rites in the s)(e ess)y on Iiet9s'he
the -orld 'h)nges into OBP8J.
&n this re,olution)ry ob#e'tifying of e,erything th)t &?

the earth (o,es into the (idst of hu()n positing )nd )n)ly9ing
the earth ')n sho- itself only )s the ob#e't of assault
)n assault th)t in hu()n -illing est)blishes itself )s the un'ondition)l ob#e'tifi')tion
)s un'ondition)l 'ondition)l ob#e'tifi')tion
- I)ture )ppe)rs e,ery-here )s the OBP8J. of .8JHIO/O+Y
- And this 'O'A008 'echnologi4ed -orld is the 'o(bin)tion for Heidegger
- of the Philosophi')l tr)dition th)t begins -ith Pl)to
- )nd )n ob#e'tifying -)y of thin$ing it h)s gr)du)lly turned the whole earth into )n ob#e't of assault
.he t)s$ of thin$ing for Heidegger -ill not #ust be to o5erturn (et)physi's 1 f.o. -h)t Iiet9s'he did= by re,ersing its
tr)dition)l pri,ileges* i.e. hu()ns o,er +od* d)r$ness o,er light* et' but r)ther to o5ercome it 1f.o. (et)physi's=
to find ) -)y to find ) -)y to get thin$ing on ) 'O'A008 different 'ourse. And
Hor Heidegger this -ill require overhauling our sense of -h)t it (e)ns to ) H3AI )nd for )nything else for th)t ()tter to be.
.his is the re)son th)t Heidegger opens his O3 lecture by s)ying heNs doing pre'isely the opposite of -h)t Hegel did
1)l-)ys d)ngerous to oppose Hegel ,ery li$ely thereNs ) pl)'e for your IO in his Y8?=
But this is ne,ertheless the -)y Heidegger )nnoun'es
.he first p)rt of the pro#e't
M HeNs s)ying & )( doing eG)'tly the opposite of -h)t Hegel is doing Hegel did
M Hor Hegel )s professor R)lph t)ught us l)st -ee$
M .he 'ourse of History )nd )'ts of series of progressi,e for()tion of 'ons'iousness
Hro(
Ob#e'ti,e 'ons'iousness to ?elf 'ons'iousness to Re)son to ?P&R&.
And
OneNs 'ons'iousness be'o(es 'ons'ious-of-itself )s ?P&R&. it re)li9es th)t ?P&R&. -)s there )ll )long
-or$ing its -)y through the long run of history
.he Hegeli)n t)s$ then is first to put these for()tions of 'ons'iousness in order
to tell the story of ?P&R&. &n )nd As hu()n 'ons'iousness
)nd
to begin thereby the -or$ of AJ.A/&Q&I+ it 1?P&R&.=
- ?P&R&. one ')n s)y is is re)li9ed ()de re)l )s it is re)li9ed
- -here brought to hu()n 'ons'iousness 1 f.o. )'tu)li9ing be'o(es )-)reness=
&n HeideggerNs l)ngu)ge
-h)t this (e)ns is th)t History of Being for Hegel the history of "h)t &s is equi,)lent to the history of .hin$ing
-h)t &s is the history of -h)tNs 'o(e to 'ons'iousness
&n this light loo$ing b)'$ o,er the p)st t-enty-fi,e hundred ye)rs in post-P)r(enides thought
!5:%R
allows Hegel to see Being progressively Unfolding in Philosophy
"i$ipedi) P)r(enides
.he single $no-n -or$ of Parmenides is ) poe(* On Nature* -hi'h h)s sur,i,ed only in fr)g(ent)ry for(.
&n this poe(* P)r(enides describes two views of reality.
&n 9the way of truthK 1) p)rt of the poe(=* he eGpl)ins ho- reality :coined as 9what#is9; is one * change is im!ossible/ and
existence is timeless/ uniform/ necessary/ and unchanging,
&n
9the way of o!inion/9 he eGpl)ins the world of a!!earances/ in which one(s sensory faculties lead to conce!tions which are false
and deceitful. .hese ide)s h)d ) strong effe't on Pl)to* )nd in turn* influen'ed the -hole of "estern philosophy.
!5:6!
allows Hegel to see Being progressively Unfolding in Philosophy
- until it 'ul(in)tes in the &de) of the &de)
- -hi'h is to s)y the )bsolute coincidence bet-een ?ub#e't )nd Ob#e't M 2no-er )nd 2no-n
And
&ts here 1f.o. here )t this point of coincidence =th)t Heidegger )nnoun'es his re,ers)l of Hegel
&f the t)s$ for Hegel is to thin$ -h)t HA? been thought in "estern Philosophy
the t)s$ for (e 1Heidegger= is to thin$ -h)t h)s IO. been thought in "estern Philosophy.
&f Hegel is loo$ing to consummate 3et)physi's Heidegger is loo$ing to O<=>3OM= it 1 3et)physi's=
And
?tri$ingly what has been thought for Hegel )nd what&s not been thought for Heidegger
AR8 the ?A38 .H&I+
"hi'h is to s)y Being itself Philosophy for Heidegger )s ne,er been )ble to thin$ Being
!!:;5
OH-PA" s)ys the Philosophy student M du'$ing out of the Heidegger ,erse M dusting herself off
Philoso!hy talks about Being all the time

Philoso!hy talks about Being all the time
!!:;F P)r(enides s)ys itNs One
M Her)'lites s)ys it is 3)ny
M Pl)to puts in Hor(s
M Ansel( puts in +od
M 3)i(onides splits it )p)rt 1 synthesis of Aristotle )nd Bibli')l f)ith influen'ed .ho()s Aquin)s=
M ?o Aquin)s ')n glue it together
M /eibni9 splinters it into 3on)ds
M Hegel glues it b)'$ in ?pirit
All these guys e,er t)l$ )bout is Being
.o -hi'h Heidegger (ight reply not so diluted D)sien
!4:54
Philosophy s)ys it t)l$s )bout Being M it thin$s M it thin$s )bout Being
But re)lly it only thin$s )bout beings
!4:!%
It asks -h)t is ) t)ble* -h)t is the good* -h)t is ) hu()n being )nd it thinks )bout t)bles* )nd goodness )nd hu()n beings
But in )s$ing -h)t )nything of these things is
&t ne,er thin$s to )s$
"h)t is &? 1until Bill Jlinton=
?o philosophy thin$s )bout beings )ll the ti(e M but not )bout Being itself
Io- of 'ourse the 'r)9y thing )bout this philosophi' forgetting of Being
&s th)t Being is -h)t allows beings to be in the first pl)'e
&t is -h)t allows philosophy to be in the first pl)'e
"h)t -ould philosophy be M -ithout )s$ing S"h)t &s:O
Being is the 'ondition of possibility of (et)physi's meta!hysics 1tree= ')nNt get off the ground 1Being= -ithout it 1?oil=
1.ree ')nnot gro- -ithout soil=
Yet*
3et)physi's h)s ne,er been )ble .H&I2 &. M 1f.o. &. th)t is Being=
.he illustr)tion in the -B essay
1"B illustr)tion is pri()rily th)t of /ight M ?eeing equ)ted -ith need for /ight OJ le'ture=
is th)t Meta!hysics 1.ree= sees the beings 1/e),es= it sees in the /ight of Being 1+round=
but
it ')nNt see the /ight itself 1/e),es ')nnot see +round=
!;:5<
Meta!hysics in ) different (et)phori')l register :f,o, 3et)physi's li$e ) tree gro-s -ith br)n'hes=
+ro-s li$e ) .ree fro( the +ROID of Being M but the /e),es of this .ree ')nNt re)'h the ?oil 1the +ROID of Being=
.he /e),es* of ethi's )nd logi'* philosophy )nd psy'hology 1f,o.'hey T ethi's* logi'* philosophy* psy'hology
'hey
forget the element :f,o, the le),es do not h),e or posses forgetting ')p)'ity=
th)t )llo-s the tree to be in the first pl)'e :f,o, the soil the ground=
.he l)ngu)ge shifts ) bit )s you ()y h),e noti'ed in the O3 lecture R ye)rs l)ter
here itNs not so (u'h Being th)t 3et)physi's ')nNt thin$ 1f.o. ')nNt thin$ )bout light
but r)ther
the difference bet-een Being )nd beings itNs difference in this ess)y 1OJ le'ture=
th)t gi,es rise to the distinction
-ithin
-hi'h (et)physi's oper)tes
()tter )nd for(* good )nd e,il* etern)l )nd te(por)l*
)ll of this is open sp)ti)lly )nd te(por)lly by the difference in O3 essay,
&tNs therefore in th)t ess)y 1O3 essay= differen'e )s su'h th)t (et)physi's ')nNt thin$ .
!%:55 ?top
And this is one pl)'e th)t Heidegger begins to blend into the e)rly
!6:!4 )nd the issue is (et)physi's in)bility to th)t -hi'h sets it in (otion
!E:%% -hi'h is to s)y Being 'on'e)ls itself )s being e,en )s it re,e)ls itself in the ?oil th)t en)bles the truth to gro- but hides itself
!<:!E Being hides itself )s being th)tNs the JOIJ8A/8D in order to sho- itself in beings th)tNs the IJOIJ8A/8D
!R:!R "e h),e been )b)ndoned by
;4:4R .r)nsfor()tion this 'h)nge in Hu()n I)ture
;;:6; )dding the( into this te'hnologi')l stuff* if then )nother $ind of thin$ing -ere to e(erge
it -ould h),e to plunge into -h)t loo$s li$e nothing fro( the st)ndpoint of (et)physi's
)nd this -h)tNs so horrifying
this sort of thin$ing -ould h),e to re')ll philosophies forgotten +ROID
)nd find ) -)y he s)ys .O 8UP8R&8IJ8 being M this is his l)ngu)ge
;%:5R this is his l)ngu)ge
8UP8R&8IJ8 being )s su'h r)ther th)n being )s (et)physi')lly 'onferred
?o the "AY O. of (et)physi's is the "AY DO"I
Ioti'e if you -ill the to!ogra!hic differen'e here fro( Plato&s allegory of the cave
to!ogra!hic the study )nd ()pping of the fe)tures on the surf)'e of l)nd* in'luding n)tur)l fe)tures su'h )s (ount)ins )nd ri,ers
)nd 'onstru'ted fe)tures su'h )s high-)ys )nd r)ilro)ds the fe)tures on the surf)'e of )n )re) of l)nd
-e ')n t)l$ (ore )bout this if you li$e
but the -or$ of philosophy for Heidegger &? IO. for the thin$er to ()$e his -)y out of the d)r$ '),e into the bright ?un
but r)ther
to move from the brightness of beings
Down
Into the Dark !OUND
At -hi'h point he s)ys .hin$ing itself -ill be .RAI?HOR38D
HO +oogled brightness of beings in Pl)toNs )llegory of the J),e
Ri'h)rd J)pobi)n'o .he 8reignis &nter,ie- Pl)to Dis'ussion
Book
=ngaging Heidegger by Ri'h)rd J)pobi)n'o Jh)pter E Pl)toNs /ight )nd the Pheno(enon of the Jle)ring
8nd p)r)gr)ph of Jh)pter E
p!!; But (ore 'on'isely* it )ppe)rs th)t by the !FE5Ns Heidegger
H)d 'on'luded th)t the (et)phor of "IH# -)s si(ply too (u'h ) p)rt of the "estern onto-theologi')l tr)dition for
&t to be su''essfully )ppropri)ted to ser,e die $ache selbst in -h)t he h)d 'o(e to ')ll S)notherO thin$ing.
App)rently* in the end* this ,isu)l (et)phor of light th)t so essenti)lly belonged to the +ree$s* the people of the eye )bo,e )ll others*
H)d to be )b)ndoned in f),or of ) different (et)phor for ) different $ind of thin$ing*
) $P%#I%" (et)phor: the open* the region* the eGp)nse* the clearing.
&n other -ords*
-e (ight s)y th)t by the !FE5s Heidegger h)d de'ided to step b)'$ M )nd step )-)y )ltogether fro( the brilli)n'e of Pl)toNs /ight
Also see p)ge !!R Reinh)rd 3)y 8)st Asi)n pr)'ti'es &learing Buddhist notion of e(ptiness
;%:;R .his is -h)t Heidegger (e)ns
-hen he -rites
;<:%R un'on'e)l(ent
;F:%! Heidegger ')ll this disposition here -e go )n ecstatic- in-standing
ecstasy liter)lly (e)ns st)nding outside of oneself
)nd
standing in (e)ns re()ining -ith the in')l'ul)ble
$eeping oneself open to the self 'on'e)ling e,ent of being e,en though it or pre'isely be')use it -onNt #ust present itself
%5:5E
?o thereNs $ind of restr)int here in ) pl)'eless pl)'e M behind* beyond or bene)th the oppositionNs (et)physi's
%!:4< thin$ing holds itself in ) pl)'eless pl)'e*
behind beyond or bene)th the oppositionNs (et)physi's
&t st)nds in the ,ery opening
th)t (et)physi's 'loses do-n in the sub#e't )nd ob#e't* d)r$ )nd light* ground )nd 'onsequent
)nd e,en
Being ,s. beings
)nd
this is the re)son th)t O3 ')lls this pl)'eless pl)'e 1 but ?IFF=>=23= itself=
not light or ground or being be')use )ll these )re )lre)dy bound up -ith their (et)physi')l opposites
but ?IFF=>=23= itself
%!:6<
.hin$ing for Heidegger holds for itself in this opening
in the hopes of opening ) Ie- Beginning for .hin$ing
%4:55 th)t r)ther th)n )()ssing instru(ent)li9ing beings (ight let being B8
)nd it is in this p)rti'ul)r sense th)t thin$ing -ould be'o(e )t eGisting itself.

Of st)nding open for the openness in -hi'h -e st)nd*
By ?t)nding &t
.h)n$ you
%4:!R
Io- )l(ost ;5 (inutes of @ & A
%4:!R !st +ood first @uestion on Hegel 'losure of sub#e't & ob#e't
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@uestion D)sien M hu()n being for -h)t it (e)ns for ) hu()n to be
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@uestion 'ontinu)tion of D)sien M ?hep)rd of Being 1in're)singly t)l$s )bout ()n )fter de(olishing )nthropo'entri'
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@uestion le)p of history of philosophy to &-phones et' str)nds of thin$ing h),e re)l ter( effe'ts
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