MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY

Ph.D. COURSE WORK SYLLABUS

Course (1)- Research Methodolo!
S!lla"us Co##o$ to the strea# % Sc&e$ce' A((l&ed Sc&e$ce a$d
E$&$eer&$
Unit 1 Science and Research:
Definition History Evolution of Scientific Inquiry Verification versus falsification
Objectivity : Facts, theory and concets !hilosohy of Science and "echnolo#y, Eiste$olo#y
of sciences %onstruction of scientific facts&
Unit 2 - ntr!d"cti!n t! Research #eth!d!$!%&
'eanin# and i$ortance of (esearch "yes of (esearch Selection and
for$ulation of (esearch !roble$
(esearch Desi#n )eed Features Inductive, Deductive and Develo$ent
of $odels
Develoin# a (esearch !lan E*loration, Descrition, Dia#nosis,
E*eri$entation, Deter$inin# E*eri$ental and Sa$le Desi#ns&
+nalysis of ,iterature (evie- !ri$ary and Secondary Sources, .eb sources
critical ,iterature (evie-
Hyothesis Different "yes Si#nificance Develo$ent of .or/in#
Hyothesis
(esearch 'ethods: Scientific $ethod vs +rbitrary 'ethod, ,o#ical Scientific
'ethods: Deductive, Inductive, Deductive0Inductive, attern of Deductive
Inductive lo#ical rocess Different tyes of inductive lo#ical $ethods&
Unit ' - Data C!$$ecti!n and Ana$&sis
Sources of Data !ri$ary, Secondary and "eritary "yes of Data %ate#orical,
no$inal 1 Ordinal&
'ethods of %ollectin# Data : Observation, field investi#ations, Direct studies
(eorts, (ecords or E*eri$ental observations&
Sa$lin# $ethods Data !rocessin# and +nalysis strate#ies0 2rahical
reresentation Descritive +nalysis Inferential +nalysis0 %orrelation analysis
,east square $ethod 0 Data +nalysis usin# statistical ac/a#e Hyothesis
testin# 2enerali3ation and Interretation 'odelin#&
Unit ( Scienti)ic Writin%
Structure and co$onents of Scientific (eorts tyes of (eort "echnical
(eorts and "hesis Si#nificance Different stes in the rearation ,ayout,
structure and ,an#ua#e of tyical reorts 0 Illustrations and tables
4iblio#rahy, (eferencin# and foot notes Oral resentation !lannin#
!rearation and ractice 'a/in# resentation 5se of visual aids I$ortance
of Effective %o$$unication&
%onventions and strate#ies of +uthentication %itation Style 0 sheet
!rearin# (esearch aers for journals, Se$inars and %onferences Desi#n of
aer usin# "E'!,+"E, %alculations of I$act factor of a journal, citation
Inde*, IS4) 1 ISS)&
!rearation of !roject !roosal 0 "itle, +bstract, Introduction (ationale,
Objectives, 'ethodolo#y "i$e fra$e and -or/ lan 4ud#et and 6ustification
0 (eferences
Unit * A++$icati!n !) Res"$ts and Ethics
Environ$ental I$acts 0 Ethical Issues Ethical %o$$ittees %o$$erciali3ation coy ri#ht
royalty Intellectual !roerty ri#hts and atent la- "rac/ (elated asects of intellectual
roerty (i#hts (eroduction of ublished $aterial !la#iaris$ %itation and
+c/no-led#e$ent (eroducibility and accountability&
Unit , A++$icati!n !) C!-+"ter in Research
'S office and its alication in (esearch 'S .ord, 'S !o-er oint and 'S E*cel
4asic rinciles of Statistical %o$utation usin# S!SS
5se of Internet in (esearch .ebsites, search En#ines, E0journal and E0,ibrary
I)F,I4)E"&
(eferences: Science
7& 2ar#&4&,&, 8aradia, (&, +#ar-al,F& and +#ar-al, 5&8&, 9::9& +n introduction to
(esearch 'ethodolo#y, (4S+ !ublishers&
9& 8othari, %&(&;9::<=& (esearch 'ethodolo#y: 'ethods and "echniques& Second
Edition& )e- +#e International !ublishers, )e- Delhi&
>& Sinha, S&%& and Dhi$an, +&8&, 9::9& (esearch 'ethodolo#y, Ess Ess !ublications& 9
volu$es&
?& "rochi$, .&'&8&, 9::@& (esearch 'ethods: the concise /no-led#e base, +to$ic
Do# !ublishin#& 9A: &
@& Day (+ ;7BB9= Ho- to -rite and ublish a scientific aer& %a$brid#e 5niversity
ress& ,ondon
C& He$el,%& !hilosohy of )atural science En#le-ood %liffs, )&6: !rentice Hall, 7BCC&
A& 4urtt, E&+& "he 'etahysical Foundations of 'odern Science& ,ondon, 9::>&
<& ,atour, 4& 1 .ool#ar& >& ,aboratory ,ife& "he construction of scientific facts& 9
nd

Edition& !rinceton: !rinceton 5niversity !ress&7B<C
B& 2uta S&!& ;9::<=& Statistical 'ethods& >A
th
ed& ;(ev=Sultan %hand and Sons& )e-
Delhi& 7?A: &
7:& Sundar Saru//ai ;9::<=Indian !hilosohy and !hilosohy of Science, 'otilal
4anarsidass !ublishers !vt&,td& )e- Delhi&
77& 8o3a/ +, 8o3a/ (&+&, Staudha$$er %&,&, and .atts S&4& ;9::<=& Introductory
robability and StatisticsD +lications for forestry and )atural sciences&%+4
International, 58&?:<&
79& Do-nine )&' 4asic Statistical 'ethods& )e- Eor/:FHarer and Health (o-
!ublishers,GG&
7>& Fran/, Harry& Statistics& %oncets and +lications& %a$brid#e& +lthoen, Steven
%a$brid#e 5niversity&
7?& ,eon 1 ,eon ;99:9=& Internet for everyone, Vi/as !ublishin# House&
7@& .adehra, 4&,&9:::& ,a- relatin# to atents, trade $ar/s, coyri#ht desi#ns and
#eo#rahical indications& 5niversal ,a- !ublishin#&
7C& %handera +& and Se*ena "&!&;9:::= Style 'anual, )e- Delhi, 'etroolitan 4oo/
%o$& ,td&
7A& S!SS Oeratin# 'anual and handboo/ ,atest version
7<& Sinha &8&;7BB9=& %o$uter Funda$entals, 4!4 !ublications, )e- Delhi&