TRADITIONAL THAI SPORTS

Traditional sports are an expression of a culture that developed from an agricultural way of life
and passed from generation to generation. Thai sports are also a form of entertainment during
religious ceremonies and festivals. While golf, tennis, water-skiing and windsurfi ng have been
eagerly adopted, the older pleasures have never been forgotten. Even in sophisticated centres like
Bangkok they continue to exert a strong appeal among young and old alike.
THAI BOXING (MUAY THAI)
Muay Thai is a national form of martial art and the most internationally famous Thai sport. Bouts
are fi ve, three-minute rounds separated by two-minute breaks. Contestants wear international-
style gloves and trunks (always red or blue) and their bare feet are taped.
Nowadays, matches take place on a 7.3- square-metre canvas fl oor with rope retainers supported
by four padded posts. Fights are preceded by a wai khru dance, in which each contestant pays
homage to his teachers. Each boxer wears a headband, mongkhol, which has been blessed by his
teacher, and armbands.
Increasingly popular worldwide, Thai boxing is now practised as a part of exercise regimes by
keep-fit enthusiasts and movie stars worldwide. In Thailand there are Muay Thai stadiums in all
towns across the country. The main tourist spots often provide twice-weekly shows, but the real
thing is best seen in Bangkok.
TAKRAW
The second most popular Thai sport is probably takraw. The difference between this sport and
Thai boxing is that takraw is played every day, in every city, town, village, farm, temple or
wherever there is space. The aim of this game is to keep a woven rattan ball about 12 centimetres
in diameter in the air for as long as possible by using the feet, knees, elbows, and head but not
the hands. There are three different types: Takraw wong or circle takraw, sepak takraw or net
takraw, and takraw lot huang or hoop takraw.
The most common version of the game is circle takraw. The ball is passed from player to player
and each is given points for style, consistency and retrieval of diffi cult balls. After a set time or
a set number of throws, the highest score determines the winner.
For sepak takraw, a head-high badminton net separates two threeman teams. The ball is tossed
into play and served over the net by a kick. The rules are as for volleyball except that a player
may touch the ball three successive times, though never with his hands. Players pass, set up and
spike in a series of pirouettes and somersaults. The most spectacular move is the 360-degree
airborne cartwheel spike.
In hoop takraw, a team of six or more players stands at the perimeter of a circle. Hoops are
suspended over the centre and the players must hit the ball through them during a 30-minute
period. Each successive team tries to surpass the previous teams score.
Circle takraw can be seen throughout the country in informal games played by young men in
their lunch hours on any available piece of waste ground. Hoop takraw is normally played at
Sanam Luang during the hot season; while net takraw is played at the National Stadium on Rama
I Road, tel: 0 2214 0121; and at Hua Mak Stadium on Ramkhamhaeng Road, tel: 0 2318 0940-4.
More information can be obtained from the Takraw Association of Thailand, tel: 0 2281 1038
and 0 2281 1054. A takraw ball is also a popular souvenir for tourists.
LONG-BOAT RACING
Long-boat races have remained popular since the days when waterways were Thailands
transport infrastructure. Regattas are featured at country fairs to celebrate the end of the rainy
season from September to November.
Long narrow, boats decked with fl ags and with garlands at their prow are manned by maybe 50
people. Each boat represents a temple and races are held at a high pitch of enthusiasm between
two boats at a time. Many provinces, among them Phichit, Surat Thani, Nakhon Ratchasima,
Nakhon Phanom, Nan, Phitsanulok, Bang Sai, Ayutthaya and Bangkok stage spectacular races.
Dates vary in each province but are listed in the TAT Major Festivals and Events 2007-2008
Calendar.
BAFFALO RACING
For the farmers of Chon Buri Province, near Bangkok, water buffalo racing is an important
annual festival, beginning in mid-October. Starting at dawn, farmers walk their buffalo through
the rice fi elds, splashing them with water to keep them cool before leading them to the race fi
eld.
As many as 300 buffaloes may race in one day in groups of fi ve or six, spurred on by riders with
wooden sticks as hundreds of spectators cheer. But this festival is not just for fun: it helps to
keep up the number of buffalo which has been falling at an alarming rate in other regions as
machinery replaces the buffalo in Thai agriculture. Not an art form, exactly, but a cultural
tradition that should be kept alive.
KITE FLYING
Kite flying is a competitive sport and Thailand is probably the only country where battles are
fought between two different types of kites, one male, the other female.
The male kite, chula, is a metre and a half in length and shaped like a fi vepointed star. The
female kite, pakpao, is diamond-shaped, 0.76-metre long, usually with a long tail. The female
kite is lighter and normally handled by just one person, but the male kite can be so large that it
requires anything up to 20 men to send it aloft and manoeuvre it.
There should be a minimum of two chulas and four pakpaos to compete in a match. There are
many rules governing the contests but the object of the air battle is to force your opponents kite
into your territorial groundspace.
Competitions are generally held in the hot season of March and April and a popular venue is
Bangkoks Sanam Luang. Aside from the fi ghting kites, Thais make and fl y all sorts of other
kites in hundreds of different shapes and sizes from a few centimetres to several metres.