Coat of Arms of Prince Charles of Wales

Coat of Arms
of Prince Charles of Wales

"Prince Charles of Wales"

Born
Charles Philip Arthur George
on November 14, 1948
to the Duke of Edinburgh Philip Mountbatten
and Princess Elizabeth (present Queen of England)

Prince Charles was granted his heraldic achievement (or coat of arms) at the age of 13.
It contains the following "royal devices" or symbols:
 First note that mythological animals and imaginative creatures,
monsters and hybrids are popular devices in heraldry and, in
heraldic language, are referred to as "beasts."

This beast on the left-hand side of Charles' coat of arms has the head
and mouth of a lion, the body of a leopard, and the feet of a bear.
Typically in heraldry, lions have only three claws per foot while
bears will have four or five. This lion has four claws and thus
resembles those of a bear. Traditionally in heraldry, the lion has
represented England, however Prince Charles' heraldic
representation is totally unique in history even differing from that of
his mother's, Queen Elizabeth, whose lion has the typical three
claws per foot.

(Rev 13:2 KJV) And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard,
and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth
of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and
great authority.

Note the design around the lion's neck. This image is called the "eldest-son label" and
has been described by Tim Cohen (The AntiChrist and a Cup of Tea, pg. 124) as "three
parallel horns which are, in a manner of speaking, 'plucked out by the roots' (i.e., turned
upside down)." The eldest-son label is a "distinctive mark" of all succeeding Princes of
Wales. Other members of the British royal family have labels that have more than three
descending "horns." There are a total of five eldest-son labels on the coat of arms: on the
left-side lion, the head lion, the unicorn, the red dragon, and at the top of the center shield
where 10 lions are depicted.

(Dan 7:8 KJV) I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another
little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and,
behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things.
 This region presented on the left is from the top of
Charles' shield and is thus called the "head" of the
overall coat of arms. Pictured is another lion with the
eldest-son label around its neck standing on top of a
crown and a "gold helm." The helm is made up of
seven curved bars or "horns." These seven horns,
along with the three horns from the eldest-son label
make a total of 10 horns in the head region of the coat
of arms.

(Dan 7:20 KJV) And of the ten horns that were in his
head, and of the other which came up, and before
whom three fell; even of that horn that had eyes, and a
mouth that spake very great things, whose look was
more stout than his fellows.

Note that Daniel speaks of 10 horns in his head, i.e., singular head, not plural. The word
for "head" here is the Aramaic noun "resh" which corresponds to the Hebrew "rosh." It
often refers to the head as a body part, or could be that of an animal or statue. It
sometimes refers to a leader or "chief" as well.

To the right of the head of the coat of arms is a representation of a

unicorn. "In heraldry, this unicorn represents not only Scotland, but
also a counterfeit Christ" (Cohen, pg 184). Symbolically, the
unicorn in the past has represented Alexander the Great (Dan 8:5,
goat with one horn) and Antiochus Epiphanes, a type of anti-Christ
(Dan 8:9, "a little horn"). Mythologically, the unicorn probably
originated in ancient Babylon and today is a symbol adopted by
New Agers to represent "a great world leader" whom they expect to
bring world peace to earth. Interestingly, in "Christian" symbolism,
the unicorn has also represented the Virgin Mary.

In heraldry, and even historical representations, the unicorn's eyes

are round and black, i.e., no visible eye-whites. (Queen Elizabeth's
heraldic unicorn is depicted as thus.) Charles' design has the eyes
shaped more like those of a human with noticeable eye-whites,
(although not easily recognized in this particular copy.)

(Dan 7:8 KJV) ...and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth
speaking great things.

Note the chain leading from the unicorn and connecting it to the base of the arms
(directly above the red dragon.) In heraldry this chain functions as a "restrainer" (cf. 2
Thess 2:6-7).
 At the base of the coat of arms is the heraldic
symbol of Wales, the red dragon. The flag of
Wales, approved in 1953, pictures a red dragon
on a green and white flag with the motto "Y
Ddraig Goch Ddyry Cychwyn," meaning "The
red dragon gives the lead" (Cohen, pg 196).
Note that the eldest-son label is around the neck
of the dragon, thus associating it with Prince
Charles.

Opposite the red dragon is Charles' badge as the heir-apparent to the British throne. It
consists of three ostrich feathers surrounded by a crown with the motto Ich Dien. The
meaning of Ich Dien is "I serve" in German. In old Welsh, Eich Dyn, as some believe
the motto is a corruption of, is "Your man." The motto and ostrich feathers are associated
with "the Black Prince" (Edward III's son). Reading the motto and symbols from right to
left, the following message is possibly conveyed :

Ich, the Black Prince, Dien the Red Dragon

(I, the Black Prince, serve the Red Dragon)

The reference for the above study is The AntiChrist and a Cup of Tea by Tim Cohen,
Prophecy House, Inc., 1998. Mr. Cohen goes into much greater detail about these and
other symbols in Prince Charles' heraldic achievement. I highly recommend this book. It
is certainly a fascinating volume of work. Please visit our reference guide for further
information concerning The AntiChrist and a Cup of Tea.

Listen to Tim Cohen speak about his book on the Sid Roth show:
Date: Sept. 11-15, 2000
(each show is 15 minutes long)
Monday Broadcast
Tuesday Broadcast
Wednesday Broadcast
Thursday Broadcast
Friday Broadcast

or

Hear him on The Missler Report:

Date: November 2-4, 1998
(each show 12 minutes long)
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Also see:
Ten Crowns/Horns/Kings
Dragons

http://philologos.org/bpr/files/t005.htm

Ten Crowns/Horns/Kings

In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I
given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates: The
Kenites, and the Kenizzites, and the Kadmonites, And the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and
the Rephaims, And the Amorites, and the Canaanites, and the Girgashites, and the
Jebusites. - Genesis 15:18-21

[See beginning of 70 Weeks of Daniel for explanation of signs employed to help better understand these
definitions.]

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible

Kenites 7017
Qeyniy or Qiyniy (1 Chron 2:55); patronymic [of the father's name] from 7014; a Kenite
or member of the tribe of Kajin:--Kenite.

[And the families of the scribes which dwelt at Jabez; the Tirathites, the Shimeathites,
and Suchathites. These are the Kenites that came of Hemath, the father of the house of
Rechab.--1 Chronicles 2:55]

7014 Qayin; the same as 7013 (with a play upon the affinity to 7069); Kajin, the name of
the first child, also of a place in Palestine, and of an Oriental tribe:--Cain, Kenite (-s).

7013 qayin; from 6969 in the original sense of fixity; a lance (as striking fast):--spear.

6969 quwn; a primitive root; to strike a musical note, i.e. chant or wail (at a funeral):--
lament, mourning woman.

Kenizzites 7074
Qenizziy; patronymically from 7073, a Kenizzite or descendant of Kenaz:--Kenezite,
Kenizzites.
7073 Qenaz; probably from an unused root meaning to hunt; hunter; Kenaz , the name of
an Edomite and of two Israelites:--Kenaz.

Kadmonites 6935
Qadmoniy; the same as 6931; ancient, i.e. aboriginal; Kadmonite (collectively), the name
of a tribe in Palestine:--Kadmonites.

6931 qadmowniy; or qadmoniy; from 6930; (of time) anterior or (of place) oriental:--
ancient, they that went before, east, (thing of) old.

6930 qadmown; from 6923; eastern:--east.

6923 qadam; a primitive root; to project (one self), i.e. precede; hence to anticipate,
hasten, meet (usually for help):--come (go, [flee]) before, + disappoint, meet, prevent.

Hittites 2850
Chittiy; patronymically from 2845; a Chittite, or descendant of Cheth:--Hittite, Hittites.

2845 Cheth; from 2865; terror; Cheth, an aboriginal Canaanite:--Heth.

2865 chathath; a primitive root; properly to prostrate; hence to break down, either
(literally) by violence, or (figuratively) by confusion and fear:--abolish, affright, be
(make) afraid, amaze, beat down, discourage, (cause to) dismay, go down, scare, terrify.

Perizzites 6522
Perizziy; for 6521; inhabitant of the open country; a Perizzite, one of the Canaanitish
tribes:--Perizzite.

6521 peraziy; or perowziy; from 6519; a rustic:--village.

6519 perazah; from the same as 6518; an open country:--(unwalled) town (without
walls), unwalled village.

6518 paraz; from an unused root meaning to separate, i.e. decide; a chieftain:--village.

Rephaims 7497
rapha'; or raphah; from 7495 in the sense of invigorating; a giant:--giant, Rapha,
Rephaim (-s). See also 1051.

7495 rapha'; or raphah; a primitive root; properly to mend (by stitching), i.e.
(figuratively) to cure:--cure, (cause to) heal, physician, repair, x thoroughly, make whole.
See 7503.

7503 raphah; a primitive root; to slacken (in many applications, literally or figuratively):-
-abate, cease, consume, draw [toward evening], fail, (be) faint, be (wax) feeble, forsake,
idle, leave, let alone (go, down), (be) slack, stay, be still, be slothful, (be) weak (-en). See
7495.

1051 Beyth Rapha'; from 1004 and 7497; house of (the) giant; Beth-Rapha, an Israelite:--
Beth-rapha.

Amorites 567
'Emoriy; probably a patronymic from an unused name derived from 559 in the sense of
publicity, i.e. prominence: thus a mountaineer; an Emorite, one of the Canaanitish tribes:-
-Amorite.

559 'amar; a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude):--answer, appoint, avouch,
bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command (-ment),
commune, consider, declare, demand, x desire, determine, x expressly, x indeed, x intend,
name, x plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), x still x
suppose, talk, tell, term, x that is, x think, use [speech], utter, x verily, x yet.

Canaanites 3669
Kena'aniy; patrial from 3667; a Kenaanite or inhabitant of Kenaan; by implication a
pedlar (the Canaanites standing for their neighbors the Ishmaelites, who conducted
mercantile caravans):--Canaanite, merchant, trafficker.

3667 Kena'an; from 3665; humiliated; Kenaan, a son of Ham; also the country inhabited
by him:--Canaan, merchant, traffick.

3665 kana'; a primitive root; properly to bend the knee; hence to humiliate, vanquish:--
bring down (low), into subjection, under, humble (self), subdue.

Girgashites 1622
Girgashiy; patrial from an unused name [of uncertain derivation]; a Girgashite, one of the
native tribes of Canaan:--Girgashite, Girgasite.

Jebusites 2983
Yebuwciy; patrial from 2982; a Jebusite or inhabitant of Jebus:--Jebusite (-s).

2982 Yebuwc; from 947; trodden, i.e. threshing-place; Jebus, the aboriginal name of
Jerusalem:--Jebus.

947 buwc; a primitive root; to trample (literally or figuratively):--loath, tread (down,

under [foot]), be polluted.

"The Club [of Rome] had its beginnings in April of 1968, when leaders from ten different
countries gathered in Rome...The organization claims to have the solutions for world
peace and prosperity...The Club of Rome has been charged with the task of overseeing
the regionalizaton and unification of the entire world...

"The Club's findings and recommendations are published from time to time in special,
highly confidential reports, which are sent to the power-elite to be implemented. On 17
September 1973 the Club released one such report, entitled Regionalized and Adaptive
Model of the Global World System... The document reveals that the Club has divided the
world into ten political/ economic regions, which it refers to as 'kingdoms.'"

(En Route to Global Occupation, Gary Kah)

1. North America (NAFTA)

2. Western Europe
3. Japan
4. Australia, South Africa
5. Eastern Europe, including Russia
6. Latin America
7. North Africa and Middle East
8. Tropical Africa
9. South and Southeast Asia
10. China

(Mankind At the Turning Point, Eduard Pestel)

And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven
heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of
blasphemy. And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the
feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power,
and his seat, and great authority. And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to
death; and his deadly wound was healed: and all the world wondered after the beast.--
Revelation 13:1-3

____________________

One [way to consolidate international economy policies] would be to bring within the
purview of the IMF [International Monetary Fund] membership as a whole issues of
interest that are currently discussed within narrower forums, such as the Group of Five
(France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, which began
meeting in 1973 to discuss issues of common interest), the Group of Seven (composed of
the Group of Five plus Canada and Italy), and the Group of Ten (consisting of the Group
of Seven plus Belgium, the Netherlands, and Sweden). The procedures need not preclude
these forums, but linking them to the IMF would strengthen the legitimacy of the
surveillance process and of the institution itself. Another important advantage is that
procedures involving the full membership strengthen the rule of law and promote
observance of the code of conduct. This is because surveillance exercised within limited
groups of large countries represents only an extension of the principle of hegemony of a
single country passed on to the group. Broadening participation to the whole membership
places the rule of law in the role of the hegemon, thus strengthening the legitimacy and
the stability of the established order.

(IMF Pamphlet Series - No. 46 The Unique Nature of the Responsibility,

http://www.imf.org)

____________________

Desktop References Glossary:

http://www.tradeport.org/cgi-bin/banner.pl/ts/refs/gloss/index.html

Group of Five - Similar to the Group of Seven (G-7), with the exception of Canada and
Italy.

Group of Seven - This term refers to seven major economic powers (Canada. France,
Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, and the United States) whose finance ministers seek
to promote balanced economic growth and stability among exchange rates.

Group of Seventy-Seven - A grouping of developing countries which received its name

in connection with 77 countries issuing a joint statement in Geneva, Switzerland in 1964.
The G-77's primary focus is serving as a caucus for articulating members' collective
interests primarily in areas of promoting economic cooperation among developing
countries and in negotiations on economic matters with developing countries. G-77
membership has increased since 1964 to over 125 countries.

Group of Ten - Under the International Monetary Fund's General Agreements to Borrow
(GAB), established in 1962, 10 of the wealthiest industrial members of the IMF "stand
ready to lend their currencies to the IMF up to specified amounts when supplementary
resources are needed." The finance ministers of these countries comprise the Group of 10
(also called the Paris Club). Members include: Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy,
Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Though numbering 11 with the addition of Switzerland in 1984, the numerical name
persists.

Group of Twenty-four - A grouping of finance ministers from 24 developing country

members of the International Monetary Fund. The Group, representing eight countries
from each of the African, Asian, and Latin American country groupings in the Group of
77, was formed in January 1972 to counterbalance the influence of the Group of 10.

____________________
UN Watch
The rusty colored building which houses the Bank for International Settlements-BIS in
Basle, Switzerland looks like any other round office building. A small sign affixed to the
wall by the steps leading to its front glass doors tells you it is private property. Other than
that you would never think twice about this building as there is nothing specific which
marks it as being the most important bank and building in the world.

When the BIS holds its two-hour annual meeting, those who control the world's monetary
system, the central bank ministers-- unlike the presidents and prime ministers who attend
United Nations conferences--do not have motorcades or limousines which they ride in,
but walk to the BIS from the local hotels where they stay.

The Problem

In the book, Confidence Game by Steve Solomon (Simon & Schuster, NY: 1995), he
provides a favorable history of the world's central banks and justifies over and over again
the need for their existence. The culprit responsible for the current problems with
currency imbalances is globalization which Solomon describes as:

The uncontrolled, high-speed gyrations of stateless money unhinged from economic

fundamentals or national economic policies [which] has transformed the international
monetary system from a smooth....mechanism that anchors a harmonious world political
and economic order into a fully floating, private non system driven by the roller-coaster
shifts in focus....of the....global financial investors. All models of democratic
capitalism....are in distress because of the new phenomenon of uncontrolled stateless
money. No country can solve the challenge singly. Nor can any country cut itself off to
escape its effects. The fates of all democratic capitalist nations are dependent upon how
well we can collectively civilize stateless money within a new international compact
of world monetary rules, norms, and policy (page 509) (emphasis added).

Solomon says the solution envisioned by many experts is, "the eventual, long-term
evolution to a single world monetary policy based on a single or a few freely
interchangeable world reserve currencies, managed by a SUPRANATIONAL
CENTRAL BANK" (emphasis added). He laments, "But how to get there from here"
(ibid. 509).

Highlighting the path to a single world monetary policy is the need to solve the effects of
the globalization process which was created by the same people who wish to solve it. The
Bank for International Settlements designed the present borderless flow of monies
between countries when it pushed for the deregulation of monetary laws of the major
North American, European, and Asian countries. By tearing down national financial
borders, they created the ability for $1.2 trillion daily to flow around the world
(uncontrolled stateless money) looking for the highest interest or fastest currency play. In
the process of solving the problem, the BIS will then extend its tentacles down to the
local level (which are not controlled or supervised by this supranational organization) for
a complete takeover of the world's banking system through the Basle Core Principles--
without even one bullet being fired---a fait accompli. By the time the average citizen has
figured this out-- much less those who are elected to Congress--it will be too late.

Introduction

History records for us a number of instances when the world was ruled by large empires.
The Tower of Babel was an attempt at political unification, no mention is made of
economic union. The empires of Babylon, Assyria, Greece, and Rome were world
empires both politically and economically. Napoleon in the last century sought to unite
Europe with one monetary and political system. Until this century, there had not been an
attempt to integrate all the countries of the world economically. This changed with the
passage of the Federal Reserve Act in 1913. As a result of that legislation, the finances
and the economic future of the United States was shifted from the authority of the
Congress and the U.S. Treasury to a private corporation called the Federal Reserve.
America was the last major country to change over to a central bank system which would
help facilitate the quest for a new world economic order.

Sixty-seven years later, the above economic integration was greatly enhanced by the
deregulation of the financial and banking industry in 1980 (which led to $1.2 trillion
moving around the world daily.) In addition the 1987 stock market crash and the failures
of the Herstatt Bank, Franklin Bank, (Italian) Banco Ambrosiano, Barings Bank, etc.
have provided the "need" to fix the problem. As a result of these failures, whether
planned or real, the Bank for International Settlements has determined that the strength of
the international economic system lies with the supervision of not only the world's banks
but with insurance companies and brokerage firms as well since they are all interrelated.
Whoever supervises the banks has final say as to who runs the world, for they will
determine everything financial in a country.

A New World Economic Order

A new world economic order has been evolving since 1930. First came the control of a
country's finances through central banking, then the establishment of the BIS, then the
creation of the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the United Nations, the
Group of Seven (or Eight), and the World Trade Organization.

Central Banks

During a visit to the museum of the Bank of England in London recently, they had the
history of the Bank on display, part of which follows:

The proposal for a 'Bank of England' emerged from a mass of....projects circulating at the
beginning of the 1690's. William Patterson, a Scotsman, is generally held to be its
originator. A colorful figure, much traveled, he was a key and regular promoter of
financial projects. [He] proposed raising 1.2 million British pounds to be lent to the
government at 8% on the condition that the subscribers were incorporated as a joint stock
company [private corporation] with the title, 'Bank of England.' The particular novelty is
that there was no fixed time period for the loan and that interest would be paid in
perpetuity. In effect this meant the creation of a permanent national debt. (emphasis
added) Patterson was backed by a powerful group of City merchants and also by Charles
Montagu, one of the Commissioners of the Treasury, who persuaded the government to
introduce a Bill embodying the scheme. The Act was passed in April, 1694."

Controlling the world's monetary system

If you could control the monetary system of the world, how would you do it? Very
simply, you first start with your own country or a country which would be easy to
persuade. Then if you went systematically around the world to other countries doing the
same thing, it would not be long before the control of the world's monetary system would
be in the hands of a few men whose wealth and power would grow with the size and
number of countries they control and the size of the country's debt, which would now run
in perpetuity, providing an unending stream of income for generations to the lenders and
bondage to the debtor!

Has this happened yet? Unfortunately yes. The first country to allow a private corporation
to run their monetary system was Sweden. Their central bank, the Sveriges Riksbank was
founded in 1668. Central banking originated in Sweden. Other countries allowing a
private corporation to control their monetary system include: Bank of France in 1803,
Reichsbank (Bundesbank- Germany) in 1870, the Bank of Japan in 1882, and the Bank of
Italy in 1893. Let us not forget that it was Andrew Jackson who refused to renew the
charter for the first central bank in America in 1832.

The Federal Reserve - America's Central Bank

After much maneuvering, distortion and lies, the United States monetary system was
given over to the Federal Reserve, a private corporation, on December 23, 1913 when a
small group of powerful senators stayed behind to vote on the Federal Reserve Act while
the rest of the Senate went home unsuspectingly for the Christmas holiday. Today, there
is not one country in the world that does not have a "central bank" or private corporation
managing their monetary system. The Federal Reserve is said to be owned by the
Rothschild Bank of England, Lazard Brothers Banks of Paris, Lehman Brothers Bank of
News York, Chase Manhattan Bank of New York, Goldman, Sachs Bank of New York,
Kuhn, Leob Bank of New York and others. It should be noted that one of the reasons why
the people of America cannot forgive themselves the interest on the federal debt is
because they do not owe it to themselves, they owe it to a private corporation, the Federal
Reserve.

The Bank for International Settlements - The Central Bank's Bank

The shift in world power from independent nation-states to one controlled politically and
economically from the international level has been gradual. In 1920 at the Paris Peace
Conference there was a movement to have all the countries of the world voluntarily join
the League of Nations. Our Senate at the time would not ratify this idea. However in
1945, the Senate ratified the United Nations Charter. It was then that American
sovereignty started to disintegrate as we became part of a new form of political power
which would gradually integrate us with the other countries of the world into a new world
order.

That same year at the International Financial Conference in Brussels, which was under
the umbrella of the League of Nations, finance ministry officials, central banker and
private bankers from nearly 40 countries called for every country to have a central bank.
In looking to bail out war torn Europe, it was the Financial Committee of the League of
Nations, guided by Britain's Montagu Norman, which helped Europe get back on its feet
by using Norman's model of central banking and the men of his choice. Interestingly, it
was Montagu Norman who led the call throughout the 20's for central bank autonomy,
i.e. freedom from political pressure. It would not be until the 1990's that his dream would
be achieved. (Marjorie Deane and Robert Pringle, The Central Banks, Penguin Books USA: 1994, 56-
61)

It was the Young Plan, sponsored by America and named after the originator who then
became the chairman of General Motors, which set up the Bank for International
Settlements in 1930. The formation of the BIS basically "internationalized" central banks
as it provided a location for the central bank ministers to operate from. Some say that the
BIS was to be an offspring of the League of Nations. Located in Basle, Switzerland, "the
BIS was told it should be a bank which above all was to promote cooperation among
central banks." (Ibid, 67)

The seven central banks which formed the BIS were: the Bank of England, the Bank of
France, the Bank of Belgium, the German Bundesbank, the Bank of Italy, the Bank of
Switzerland and the Bank of Japan. At its inception the BIS, according to the 1997
Annual Report, was given the legal structure of a limited company with issued share
capital. It is an international organization governed by international law with privileges
and immunities necessary for its performance of functions. This legal personality of the
BIS and privileges/immunities was confirmed in the Headquarters Agreement concluded
with the BIS and the Swiss Federal Council on February 10, 1987. (emphasis mine)

The World Bank and IMF

The additional infrastructure added in July, 1944 was the World Bank and International
Monetary Fund which came into being at the Bretton Woods Monetary Conference in
New Hampshire. These institutions were the vision of both socialist John Maynard
Keynes from Britain and Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Harry Dexter White (who
was later convicted as a Soviet spy). Although these institutions would initially provide
the funds to rebuild war- worn Europe, they have evolved into very powerful
organizations in the last fifty-some years with greater and greater power. Currently there
are plans to provide the IMF with additional powers to make it "a world central bank."
The World Bank, which besides lending money for development projects, establishes
stock exchanges in third world countries, brings stock to market on the international
markets and is the largest syndicator of international bonds in the world. The Bank also
work very closely with Prince Charles and to establish and facilitate the radical
environmental mandates of the United Nations in all parts of the world.

The Group of Seven

In 1975 the Group of Five was formed. The Group of Five came into being after the
world's currency markets were forced to close twice in 1973. Today it is known as the
Group of Seven (Eight) and is comprised of the top industrialized countries of the world:
the United States, Canada, Germany, Japan, Italy, France, and Great Britain. Russia
became a full partner in June, 1998. The Group of Seven (less Russia) is considered a
"global board of directors." As a result of their economic power, they basically set the
agenda which the rest of the countries in the United Nations follow.

As a result of the above, the countries of the world have become nothing but pawns in the
hands of powerful central bankers who rule and control the presidents and prime
ministers of the world. For example, it should be noted that Korea, Thailand, and
Malaysia wanted to maintain some economic sovereignty by keeping control of their
major banks and industries. This was not in line with the World Trade Organization
Financial Services Agreement which called for financial integration of banks, insurance
companies, and brokerage firms. Almost over night the currencies of these countries were
devalued and their economies rendered insolvent. Did this happen by "chance" or was it
planned?

Dr. Carrol Quigley, Bill Clinton's mentor at Georgetown University, said this about the
Bank for International Settlements in his book Tragedy and Hope,

....[T]he powers of financial capitalism had another far-reaching aim, nothing less than to
create a world system of financial control in private hands able to dominate the
political system of each country and the economy of the world as a whole. This
system was to be controlled in a feudalistic fashion by the central banks of the world
acting in concert, by secret agreements arrived at in frequent private meetings and
conferences. The apex of the system was to be the Bank for International
Settlements in Basle, Switzerland, a private bank owned and controlled by the world's
central banks which were themselves private corporations. The BIS as a private
institution was owned by the seven chief central banks and was operated by the heads of
these, who together formed its governing board. The BIS is generally regarded as the
apex of the structure of financial capitalism whose remote origins go back to the creation
of the Bank of England in 1694 and the Bank of France in 1803" (Tragedy and Hope, 324-
325) (emphasis added).

The BIS Expands

In 1994, the Federal Reserve System was welcomed to occupy the two seats on the Board
of Directors to which the central bank of the United States had been entitled since 1930.
Alan Greenspan became an ex-officio member of the Board and appointed William J.
McDonough, President of the New York Federal Reserve, to serve as a member of the
BIS Board for a period of three years.

In September, 1996, the Board of Directors, compromised of the Group of Ten, admitted
nine new members from the central banks of: Brazil, China, Hong Kong, India, Korea,
Mexico, the Russian Federation, Saudia Arabia and Singapore. In 1997, four additional
central banks were invited to buy into the BIS: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,
Macedonia and Slovenia. Today a total of 120 central banks and international financial
institutions use the BIS as a bank with 45 central banks having the rights of
representation and voting at the General Meetings. In essence, they are a "United Nations
of central banks."

In addition, the BIS opened up a Representative Office for Asia and the Pacific in Hong
Kong in 1998. It's purpose is to strengthen further relations and information sharing
among the region's central banks and monetary authorities.

The BIS is engaged in many activities, all of which, they say, are to "foster international
monetary cooperation." First, the BIS is a forum for international monetary cooperation.
Since 1971, the Group of Ten Central Bank Governors meet on a monthly basis at the
BIS to determine the direction of international monetary policies. The Bank has a
Committee of Experts on Gold and Foreign Exchange which monitor ongoing financial
developments as they relate to central bank polices and operations. In 1974, the Basle
Committee on Banking Supervision was set up. They maintain cooperation with other
regional central bank organizations such as the Gulf Cooperation Council, the South
African Development Community, and the Central Banks of South East Asia, New
Zealand and Australia, to name a few. The BIS offers technical assistance for the central
banks of eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union and some Asian countries. They also
participate with the World Bank, its various regional banks, the International Monetary
Fund, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in a training
institution called the Joint Vienna Institute which was set up in 1992. They also organize
meetings of central bank economics and other experts on a variety of matters. On a
quarterly basis, they publish, "International Banking and Financial Market
Developments."

In addition, the BIS performs functions as Trustee, Fiscal Agent or Depositary with
regard to a number of international loan agreements. They also perform the functions for
the European Payments Union, and function as a collateral agent.

The BIS has expanded their auspices as a result of the globalization process, the rise of
the derivatives market, and what appears to be the standardization of monetary policy on
a worldwide basis to coordinate both interest rates and growth in GDP. As a result of the
globalization process, i.e. the tearing down of financial and investment laws and
regulations between countries, $1.2T flows around the world on a daily basis looking for
the highest return or fastest play to net the greatest profits. Banks, financial firms, private
speculators and corporations play this game of "global roulette." This has increased the
role which the BIS plays in the global markets as it has become concerned with "banking
supervision" which is what the rest of this report will concentrate on. Whoever supervises
the banks has ultimate control and say in the affairs of the country and the bank.

Background to The Basle Committee on Banking Supervision

The BIS established the Basle Committee on Banking Supervision in 1975. It consists of
senior representatives of bank supervisory authorities from Belgium, Canada, France,
Germany, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK, and the
U.S. As a result of the Herstatt Bank collapse in 1974, the BIS approved the Basle
Concordat. For some reason the contents of this document were kept secret until March,
1981. The Concordat layed out responsibilities for international banks, a new first for
the world. With this Concordat, a supranational bank (the BIS) was issuing orders for the
rest of the national banks of the world. The BIS realized that the Concordat would work
only if all central bankers were capable and willing to execute it and therefore it would
have to be endorsed and implemented by all. In July, 1982, Italy's Banco Ambrosiano
collapsed leaving eighty-eight international banks with debts of $600 million. In
response, the Basle supervisors drew up an amended second Concordate in 1983 which
emphasized the spirit of shared responsibility and the adequacy of each other's
supervision - that of the parent and host country (Solomon, Confidence Games, 119).

Within six months of the 1987 Stock Market Crash, the Basle Capital Accord was
endorsed by 90 national bank supervisors and implemented by the US, UK, and Japan. In
1988, the Basle Committee issued the Basle Capital Accord which set out minimum
capital standards for each bank to have. In other words for an international bank to keep
its doors open, it would have to have a minimum amount set aside to require the capital
standard. In 1992, with the endorsement of the Group of Ten central bank governors they
agreed to apply the minimum standards in the supervision of international banking
groups.

In April, 1990 the Committee reviewed the supplement to the Concordat which provided
guidance for ongoing contract and collaboration among supervisory authorities and
spelled out the extent of information sharing among the supervisory authorities. While
some of this oversight may be needed, if America is a sovereign nation, then these
guidelines should come from our Congress and not a transitional body.

The Tripartite

As a result of the breakdown in the European Rate Mechanism in 1992, the Group of
Seven became increasingly concerned with not only the movement of $1.2T around the
world on a daily basis but also with the stability of the currency markets. In 1993, the
Basle Committee created the "Tripartite" which is comprised of bank, securities and
insurance regulators which are the Basle Committee on Banking Supervision, the
International Organization of Security commissions-IOSCO and the newly created
International Association of Insurance Supervisors-IAIS respectively. Both the Basle
Committee and the IAIS are located at the BIS while IOSCO is in Montreal. IOSCO
considers itself "the United Nations of Securities Regulators (stock exchanges)." Arthur
Levitt our Securities and Exchange Commissioner has stated, "There has never been a
greater need for us to work together. We (ISOCO) regulate one of the most innovative
industries on the face of the earth, whose main commodity-- capital--has little regard for
national borders. We must expand our cooperation to cover regulatory issues beyond
enforcement." (IOSCO meeting, 1996)

In September, 1996, the Basle Committee decided to build on its earlier work by
preparing two separate publications: a comprehensive set of Core Principles for Effective
Banking Supervision and a Compendium which brings together the existing Basle
Committee recommendations, guidelines, and standards (1997 BIS Annual Report, 171-172).

The Core Principles sets out 25 basic Principles that must be in place for a supervisory
system to be effective. They cover: (1) preconditions for effective banking supervision,
(2) the licensing and structure of institutions; (3) prudential regulations and requirements;
(4) methods of ongoing banking supervision; (5) information requirements; (6) the formal
powers of supervisors; and (7) cross-border banking.

In looking to understand more clearly the real effect of these "rules of the road," I
attended the June, 1998 Annual Meeting of the Bank for International Settlements. There
I interviewed Andrew Crockett, Managing Director of the BIS and Charles Lakewood,
Deputy Managing Director and Chairman of the Basle Committee on Banking
Supervision.

Mr. Crockett responded to my questions on the Basle Core Principles by saying,

What is needed to make sure that the cooperative mechanisms amongst supervisors
and regulators are constantly maintained at the most effective level. We have
supervisory regulatory responsibilities that are first of all divided on national grounds--
inevitable when you have individual nation-states, in many countries it is also divided
according to the historical concentration of different financial activities--insurance
regulators, commercial bank regulators, investment bank regulators, and so on. What we
are now recognizing in a global financial market is that the boundaries between
nation-states and the boundaries between different categories between institutions
are becoming blurred so that banks are acquiring insurance companies and vise versa.
The banks are going cross-border and acquiring other banks in cross border deals, some
times as partners, some times as subsidiaries, some times as complete absorption into the
same institution. This creates the multiplicity of organizational forms that need to be
regulated and supervised. What we are calling for I think, and I believe the IMF and
others are doing the same thing, is that there should be a clear division of--allocation
of responsibilities so that first of all institutions which are increasingly working in
the fields of other institutions--banks taking on insurance companies-- are subject to
the same set of regulations so that nothing falls between the gaps--and also so that
there is a clear appreciation on the part of supervisors what their responsibilities
are to the stability of the international financial system (emphasis added).
The Asian crisis among other experiences has shown that weaknesses in financial systems
can have enormously damaging consequences. What we want to make sure is that
international best practice is adopted among all the countries that are likely to be
vulnerable and all countries so that we can have comprehensive supervisory structure. Up
to now that has not been fully comprehensive. With the development of the Core
Principles of the Basle Committee on Banking Supervision and the extension of
similar principles to other kinds of activities and other kinds of financial institutions
to other supervisors that should become more and more possible (emphasis added).

When I asked, "Who do they report to?" Crockett responded:

Well this is a good question a question to which there is no answer. It is not a formal
grouping with a mandated or an international treaty. The Basle on Banking
supervision reports to the Governors of the Group of Ten countries. That's our
understanding, not a formalized arrangement. It is basically a forum whereby national
experts can come together to set standards and so too is the IAIS, those are not
organizations that report to any higher body such as the IMF or BIS or Min. of finance
but are associations of equal supervisors from their national authorities. (emphasis added)

In an in-depth follow-up interview with Charles Lakewood, he described the process of

supervision this way:

For about 15 or 20 years, bank supervision was a kind of low level technical matter
where the central banks through the Basle Committee did the technical work. It is only
with the Capital Accord that it became more high profile. There weren't any competitors
to the Basle Committee for some years. In the last two to three years there have been a
number of competitors coming up. We have seen the IMF/World Bank get into
supervision in a much bigger way. They have recruited a lot of high powered people.
Individually those people are strong but they don't have a mechanism for decision
making. What the IMF can or will do or the World Bank can or will do in their
constituencies is the real crux of the matter. What we are trying to do is make sure that
the advice of the World Bank or IMF is consistent with the best practice and the lessons
we have learned from dozen and dozen of events.

He stated that the members of the Basle Committee are solo meetings of the Group of
Ten alone with the exception of an observer from the European Union. Furthermore he
stated with regard to the role of the World Bank and the IMF that they are "playing an
increasingly important role." The Basle Committee has created two new groups to
monitor the implementation of the principles. One is quite small with the IMF/World
Bank in that group with eighteen countries and the EU.

The whole truth about the Basle Core Principles is to be found in the matter of
compliance. If these are only "guidelines or recommendations," as they have said, then
why would they look to eventually punish and penalize a country which does not adhere
to these principles? In response to a question on the kind of penalty for non-
implementation, Lakewood said this, "Compliance is going to be difficult. If compliance
is going to be difficult, then penalties and punishments are even more difficult. At this
point in time we are just trying to get the thing started and encourage countries to look at
these and try and improve the structure they are working with. Further down the road, we
will have to make that decision as to what to do when people are plainly non-complying."

When I was in London for the Group of Eight Finance Ministers meeting, I asked
Secretary Robert Rubin if the adaptation of the Core Principles would have to go through
Congress and he replied no. When a lady friend of mine told Congresswoman Helen
Chenoweth what Rubin had said, my friend told me that her eyes got as big as saucers
and she exclaimed, "He can't do that. He's by-passing Congress!"

Conclusion - "HOW TO GET THERE FROM HERE"

As a result of the globalization process and the monetary uncertainty which has been
created by a floating system of exchange, there would have to be some type of global
overseer. However, the more power this overseer is given, the more power they have over
nations and kings. In addition, there is no provision to abide by the U.S. Constitution or
that of any other country's because a new set of rules has been set up which the nation-
states have ceded their rights to. The Bank for International Settlements, as a result of
what they are, have extreme power. Now they are looking to extend that power from the
global to the local as they apply the Basle Core Principles to local banks worldwide. The
following are several additional proposals for continued global monetary reform as found
in Confidence Games:

1. Putting a uniform transaction tax of .5% on all spot foreign exchange transactions,
including deliveries on futures contracts and options. This is called the "Tobin Tax" and
has been supported by the United Nations as early as 1995 when at the United Nations
Social Summit in Copenhagen, the United Nations tried to raise awareness for it by
making it part of most of their press briefings and workshops. At the Group of Eight
leaders meeting in Birmingham, a group protesting against the Group of Eight sponsored
a workshop on "Alternative Economics." I interviewed one of their leaders who was
touting the Tobin Tax. When I asked what they would use the estimated $1.5T in
revenues for, he told me it would be used for environmental purposes and perhaps be put
in a mutual fund to be managed by the United Nations. When I asked England's Prime
Minister Tony Blair to comment on the Tobin Tax, he replied that it wasn't on the
agenda.

2. Create a buffer mechanism so that nations could regain more flexibility to pursue
divergent monetary policies. This too would raise as much as $13T a year in revenue
which could be turned over to the BIS to pursue interventions to stabilize currencies or
carry out a "lender of last resort" position.

3. Create a type of "FDIC insurance" on foreign exchange transactions. When a country

buys a foreign currency, have them put a small percentage in a noninterest bearing
account with its central bank.
---------------------

Is it a coincidence that written on the walls of the Rathaus, the Townhall, in Basle which
dates back to 1601 are these words:

FREEDOM IS GREATER

THAN SILVER AND GOLD!

(UN Watch, The Women's International Media Group, Inc., Joan M. Veon)

___________________

WHO ARE THE GROUP OF SEVEN?

"The interdependence of our destinies makes it necessary for us to approach common

economic problems with a sense of common purpose and to work toward mutually
consistent economic strategies through better cooperation..." (emphasis added)

Group of Seven 1976 Joint Declaration from San Juan, Puerto Rico

"Over the past fourteen years, the world economy and economic policy have undergone
profound changes. In particular, the information technology revolution and the
globalization of markets have increased economic interdependence, making it essential
that governments consider fully the international dimensions of their deliberations."
(emphasis added)

Group of Seven 1988 Economic Declaration, Toronto

"We agree that the protection and enhancement of the environment is essential. The
report of the World Commission on Environment and Development has stressed that
environmental considerations must be integrated into all areas of economic policymaking
if the globe is to continue to support humankind. We endorse the concept of sustainable
development. Threats to the environment recognize no boundaries....The Montreal
Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is a milestone. ...Further action is
needed. Global climate change, air, sea and fresh water pollution, acid rain, hazardous
substances, deforestation and endangered species require priority attention." (emphasis
added) Group of Seven 1988 Economic Declaration, Toronto, Canada

"We the Participants in the Lyon Summit....discussed how we could build a better
international system to secure security and stability...In an increasingly inter-dependent
and inter-active world with rapid globalization in progress, we renewed our
determination to work together amongst us and in partnership with leaders of other
countries..." (emphasis added)

Group of Seven 1996 Joint Declaration from Lyon, France

For most people, the phrase "Group of Seven" has no meaning because of the lack of
understanding as to the part they play in international affairs. However, since 1975, the
leaders of the most industrialized worlds have met throughout the years to discuss global
problems and how the world should approach the 21st century. While the conventional
thinking of most Americans is that each country is responsible for their own fate--
economic, social, political and environmental- - according to the Group of Seven, the
"interdependence of our destinies makes it necessary...to work toward mutually
consistent economies strategies through better cooperation..."

Who are the Group of Seven? How long have they met? What have they done? Exactly
who appointed them to build a "better international system"? What authority do they
have---or have they taken?

Background

The Group of Seven first met in 1973, two years after President Nixon severed the last
attachment the dollar had to the gold standard when he suspended the rights of foreign
countries to convert their paper-dollars to gold in August, 1971. The world monetary
system since that time has been based on a faith in paper currencies which float against
each other, according to good or bad economic and political news. Between 1971 and
1973, the world monetary leaders tried to keep the world's system glued together by
agreeing on the parameters that the dollar float against the yen and Deutsche mark. By
February, 1973 that accord, known as the "Smithsonian Agreement," fell apart when the
dollar dropped below those parameters. (Although The New York Times states the reason
for the drop in the dollar is due to multinational companies, banks, Middle East oil
countries and private investors selling dollars, they did not establish any controls to curb
"speculative trading.") By 1973, the world monetary markets were closed on two
occasions, Valentine Weekend in February and the beginning of March for three weeks
while Central bank governors met at the Bank for International Settlements to determine
the new value of the dollar. At the time, Arthur Burns, chairman of the Federal Reserve
Board said there was a "collapse of confidence" and told congress that "the task of
overhauling the international monetary system must be done in a matter of months rather
than years." (NYT 3/2/73)

Due to the monetary instability caused by taking the world's monetary system off of the
gold standard in August, 1971 and the fact that various groups of people, called
"speculative investors" could now buy and sell large amounts of any countries' currency
on a whim to make a profit, President Nixon in May, 1973, called together U.S., French,
British and German finance ministers to meet informally in the White House library
while he, French President Georges Pompidou, Prime Minister Edward Heath and
German Chancellor Willy Brandt met in the Oval office. As reported in the June 23-29,
1995 edition of The European, who quoted a German participant, "We agreed there was a
need for someone to be in control again on an international scale. We hardly knew each
other prior to the meeting. But mutual appreciation and sympathy developed as we
talked, laying the ground for successful cooperation." Hence the idea of a group of world
leaders meeting to "monitor" the world's currencies markets was born.
The first official meeting of the then-Group of Five, met in Rambouillet, France in 1975.
The participants of that first meeting were the United States, France, Germany and
England who invited as well, Japan and Italy. In 1976 Canada was invited, thus making it
the "Group of Seven." In 1978, the President of the European Community was invited to
join. Then in 1991, President Mikhail Gorbachev was invited to participate in the
economic side of the G-7. Gorbachev called his unofficial presence the "Group of Seven
plus one." Russia has participated since then and for the last several years participates, we
are told, only on the political level as they are considered a key political power by the
other G-7 countries, however, their ministers meet when the G7 ministers meet.

The European in June, 1995, described the power and position of the Group of Seven as
being the top industrialized countries of the world. The article stated that they dominate
"the global financial and banking system and their currencies have reserve status in the
rest of the world." In addition, they work with a number of international bodies including
the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) in Europe, "hold
close to 40% of the votes at the IMF and the World Bank and from a "diplomatic point of
view, are all permanent members of the United Nations' Security Council."

In comparing the depth, breadth and width of the activities covered by the G-7, their first
communiqué, which is considered their final statement of the meeting and actions they
will take, was one and a half pages long. In Lyon, the final communiqué, called
"Chairman's Statement," issued by French President Jacques Chirac, was 22 pages in
addition to a six page statement by the "P8 - Senior Experts Group" listing 40
recommendations on how to combat transnational organized crime, and a seven page
statements by the G7 Finance Ministers on "International Monetary Stability." From
overseeing the stability of the monetary system, the G7 plus one are now are concerned
with both the macro as well as the micro-economic problems, as well as the environment,
crimes/terrorism and the political.

It appears that the Group of Seven operates in "cycles." According to Professor John
Kirton from the University of Toronto, the first was from 1975 to 1981 and consisted of
annual meetings with the leaders, accompanied by their ministers of foreign affairs and
finance. From 1982 to 1988, they added regular stand- alone meetings of ministers of
trade in 1982 and foreign affairs in 1984 and finance in 1986 as well as an inter- sessional
special Summit in 1985. In the third cycle, from 1989 to 1995, saw the birth in 1991 of
the "annual G7 post-Summit meeting with the USSR and then Russia, the emergence of
environment ministers in 1992 and a flurry of ad hoc ministerial meetings from 1993
onward, dealing with assistance to Russia and Ukraine to the micro economic issues of
jobs and the information highway."

On the ministerial level, for example, the finance minister of the United States, as well as
our trade and Secretary of State appear to function not only in his/her appointed duties for
the United States but also in a "global framework" for the Group of Seven . They then
meet throughout the year with their counter-parts from the other G7 countries. Over the
years, these various ministers, have also met with the directors of the United Nations
agencies, the IMF/World Bank, the OECD, and the Central Bank Governors. Due to the
escalating importance and power of the G7, some have called them a "global board of
directors" to the United Nations while others have termed them a "global economic
commission." Professor Kirton likens them to "the global equivalent of the concert of
Europe" (between 1818 and 1914, it is felt that these European powers helped keep peace
in Europe).

He also writes that "in 1977, when Carter became President, he appointed a trusted
advisor, with cabinet rank to work on summit preparations on a full-time, year-round
basis. Since that time all countries have employed specially designated personal
representatives or 'Sherpas' who normally serve on a continuing basis for several years.
These Sherpas meet formally on at least four occasions throughout the year preceding the
summit, as well as at the opening of, and throughout the summit itself. They are
supported by an elaborately layered network of 'sous-Sherpas' (either from foreign or
finance) and 'sous-sous- Sherpas.'"

Facts about the G7

One of the most amazing things for the writer is that while she has read a fair amount of
UN Programmes of Action in the last several years, it was her impression that all of the
"recommendations" made came from the United Nations, however, in reading the Group
of Seven documents, it appears that these recommendations originate from the Group of
Seven who direct the United Nations, (that's us) where they need to go and what they
need to do in order to come into compliance with the wishes of this global body.

The writer asked by Canadian Prime Minister Paul Cretien and European Commission
President Jacques Santer "Who does the Group of Seven report to? The United Nations?
Or does the United Nations report to the G7?" Both of these men basically said that no
one reports to anyone, that the G7 come out of the UN and that they both have the same
global concerns. The better question should have been, "Who does the G7 report to?"

Most interestingly

According to Professor Kirton, It was due to an agreement between the G7 leaders that
they all make a combined effort to be at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and
Development to show their full support. Interestingly enough, no mention of the
enviorment is made bewteen their first meeting in 1975 and 1988.

While many people thought the environmental agenda was a "passing phase", it is not.
All of the programs of the UN, the World Bank, and IMF now incorporate the
environment as part of their goals and operating procedures. Whenever the World Bank
now makes a loan, the terms have been "enviromentalized" meaning every country in
order to get the monies must now do certain things environmentally in order to qualify. In
addition, whenever the UN holds a conference, they appoint a follow- up committee to
monitor the progress of each country's progress as they comply with the terms of the
conference.
It appears, without going into all of the last 22 meetings which the G7 have held that they
have been bringing the economies of the world into "harmonization." This is being
accomplished through a number of steps and laws, both national and international and
between numerous supra-national organizations like the Bank for International
Settlements (BIS), the International Organization for Securities Commissions (IOSCO),
the International Insurance Association, and others.

In the last five years, in addition to economics, they have discussed a number of topics
such as, aid to Russia, the changing role of NATO and the Conference on Security and
Cooperation in Europe--CSCE, farm subsidies, jobs/unemployment, trade and the
environment.

(Who are the Group of Seven? - The Women's International Media Group, Inc., Joan M.
Veon)

____________________

Sherpa

The Sherpa are an ethnic group in northeastern Nepal. They inhabit several high valleys,
at altitudes between about 2,400 and 4,000 m (8,000 and 13,000 ft), in a region called
Solu-Khumbu, on the southern slopes of the central Mount Everest ridge. In the 16th and
17th centuries they migrated to their present home from Khams, an eastern province of
TIBET. Their name is derived from sherwa (spelled sharpa in Tibetan), "eastern one."
They are closely linked to Tibetan culture, speaking a Tibetan dialect and practicing
TIBETAN BUDDHISM of the unreformed rNying-ma-pa sect.

Group of Seven (international affairs)

The Group of Seven (G-7)--Canada, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the
United States--is an association of the world's seven leading industrialized nations.
Founded in 1973, it deals with mutually important issues of aid, trade, long-term
economic growth, and security. Heads of state of the seven meet annually, other
representatives occasionally. The so-called Quad group, of the United States, European
Union, Canada, and Japan, held its first meeting in 1993

Little Dipper

A group of seven faint stars, the Little Dipper is part of a larger group, the constellation
Ursa Minor, the Little Bear. The group contains POLARIS, the North Star, which lies
very close to the celestial north pole. A second-magnitude star, Polaris is at the end of the
dipper's handle (the bear's tail) and appears nearly stationary in the sky as all other stars
revolve around it. The second brightest star in the group, Kochab, was closer to the pole
about 2,000 years ago; hence its name is derived from the Arabic word meaning polestar.

(1995 Grolier's Multimedia Encyclopedia)

See also:
Crowns
Forty-two
Horn
Mark

http://philologos.org/bpr/files/m002a.htm

Mark

[Contributor's comments in brackets]

The word "mark" in Greek means to literally cut into the body, to physically etch or
carve. [Tattoo? Also, sin is an archer's word meaning "to miss the mark." For an excellent
treatise on tattooing please see: To Tattoo or Not to Tattoo A Christian Response.]

Throughout the centuries, Satan worshipers and other pagans have used marks on the
body, especially on the forehead and hand, to identify themselves with their god or
goddess or false teaching.

In the days of the early Church, the Roman and Greek worship of Mithra was a strong
competitor to Christianity...the Mithra neophyte, or candidate, would be given a secret
name...followed by a mark on the forehead. The mark consisted of being "signed" on the
forehead with a hot iron. This event was followed by ecstatic dancing in a symbolic
circle, offerings of incense, riotous drinking and a ritual of free sex.

It is a proven fact that the New Age is a religion based on occult symbology. The words
symbol and devil come from the same Greek word.

Already New Age propaganda touts the Mark as a sign of the spiritually and mentally
advanced person. An ad in New Age magazines invites people to write in for information.
The picture in the ad is of a man with a glittering, lighted star emblazoned on his
forehead.

Elizabeth Clare Prophet's false "Christ," Count Saint Germain, has a name written on his
forehead - VICTORY. She says he is now assisted by Master Jesus in his work on earth
and in the invisible spirit world. He supposedly seals enlightened human beings in their
foreheads.
New Age Virgin Mary of Medjugorje says: "I am the Sign of the Living God. I place my
sign on the foreheads of my children."

In today's New Age and Hindu philosophies, the body is made up of certain energy points
or chakras. Two important chakras are the one in the forehead and the other in the palm
of the right hand. The forehead chakra is called the third eye or Ajna Center or Agni
Center. Agni was the Hindu male fire god who was the sexual partner of the Mother
Goddess. Symbolically Agni was represented as fire from heaven: lightning. Ancient
peoples later began to call him by his actual name, Lucifer. When you take Agni's Mark
you are really taking Lucifer's Mark. Jesus described Lucifer: "I beheld Satan as lightning
fall from heaven." (Luke 10:18)

(Mystery Mark of the New Age, Texe Marrs)

"Set a mark upon the foreheads of the men that sigh and that cry for all the abominations
that be done in the midst thereof."--Ezekiel 9:4

"This mark was to be put on these faithful ones for their protection when the faithless
were to be destroyed. It showed that they belonged to God. The allusion is to a very
ancient custom. In Egypt a runaway slave was freed from his master if he went to the
temple and gave himself up to the god, receiving certain marks upon his person to denote
his consecration to the deity there worshiped. Cain had a mark put on him for his
protection, as an evidence of God's promise to spare his life notwithstanding his
wickedness (Gen 4:15). To this day all Hindoos have some sort of mark upon their
forehead signifying their consecration to their gods. Several passages in the book of
Revelation represent the saints as having a mark on their foreheads. The followers of the
'beast' are also said to be marked in the forehead or in the hands. The Romans marked
their soldiers in the hand and their slaves in the forehead. The woman in scarlet, whom
John saw, had a name written on her forehead.

____________________

"They have corrupted themselves, their spot is not the spot of his children."--
Deuteronomy 32:5

"The spot or blot here spoken of is said to be something that does not belong to the
children of God. 'Their spot is not of his children.' Allusion is supposed to be made here
to the marks which idolaters put upon their persons, particularly on their foreheads, in
honor of their deities. It is a very ancient practice, and probably existed before Moses'
time. Forbes in his Oriental Memoirs, says that in India different idolatrous sects have
different marks. These are specially common among the two principal sects, the
worshipers of Siva and the worshipers of Vishnoo. The marks are horizontal and
perpendicular lines; crescents or circles; or representations of leaves, eyes, and other
objects. They are impressed on the forehead by the officiating Brahmin with a
composition of sandal-wood dust and oil, or the ashes of cow-dung and tumeric. The
colors are red, black, white, and yellow. In many cases these marks are renewed daily.

"Zophar may have referred to a similar custom when he spoke to Job about lifting up his
face without spot (Job 11:15). Elphaz also spoke of lifting up the face to God (Job 22:26).
Job himself subsequently denied that any blot was on his hands (Job 31:7). In the
Revelation of St. John there are several references to idolatrous marks on the forehead
and hands."

(Manners & Customs of the Bible, James M. Freeman)

Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary:

1 mark

1. a boundary land
2. a conspicuous object serving as a guide for travelers; an object of attack, ridicule,
or abuse; specific.; a victim of a swindle; a standard of performance, quality, or
condition: norm
3. sign, indication; an impression made on something; a distinguishing trait or
quality; a symbol used for identification or indication of ownership; cross made in
place of a signature; postmark; a symbol used to represent a teacher's estimate of
a student's work or conduct; esp. grade; a figure registering a point or level
reached or achieved: record.
4. attention, notice; importance, distinction; a lasting or strong impression; an
assessment of merits: rating.

2 mark

1. to fix or trace out bounds or limits of; to plot the course of: chart; to set apart by
or as if by a line or boundary.
2. to designate as if by a mark; to make or leave a mark on; to furnish with natural
marks; to label so as to indicate price or quality; to make notations in or on; to
make note of in writing; register

3 mark

1. any of various old European units of weight used esp. for gold and silver; esp: a
unit equal to about 8 ounces.
2. a unit of value; an old English unit; any one of various old Scandinavian or
German units of value; specif; a unit and corresponding silver coin of the 16th
century worth 1/2 taler; see money table; markka.

____________________
Websters:
Money Table:
NAME: mark--see deutsche mark

NAME: deutsche mark

SYMBOL: DM
SUBDIVISIONS: 100 pfennigs
COUNTRY: West Germany

"West Germany's political and economic rebuilding began in earnest during the spring of
1948. Economic reconstruction came first. It began with the currency reform of June 21,
1948, which replaced the Nazi currency (Reichsmark) with a new unit, the Deutsche
mark...as the new monetary unit was named...The Marshall Plan (1948-1952) played a
decisive role in German economic development after World War II. It spurred West
Germany's economic recovery, strengthened the economy's capitalistic structure, and
provided the economic security necessary to insure the success of democratic-
parliamentary government. It also restored West Germany to the European community,
since the participation of sixteen other nations in the Marshall Plan took the German
problem out of the exclusive control of the great powers."

(Collier's Encyclopedia, Germany)

____________________

The new Euro sign (like the "$" sign in USA).

The European Union (EU) is in the midst (1998) of changing over to one currency. In the
May-June, 1995 issue of "European Monetary Union": "The only thing that can make
monetary union happen is the support of Europe's economic locomotive--Germany." The
driving force underpining this new currency is the German deutsche mark and the EU's
central bank is housed in Frankfurt's Euro tower.

Another interesting thing noted in "European Monetary Union": "From its infancy the EU
has tried a variety of ways to eliminate currency fluctuations between its member states.
In 1972 the EU created an embryonic European Monetary System (EMS) and called it
'the snake in the tunnel' or 'le serpent.' The system proved to have a shorter life-span than
the average python. Ten currencies joined, but sterling was floated out within months,
followed by the Irish and Danish currencies and then by Italy. Even France, a vocal
advocate of the system, took a year out. Only five out of ten lasted the course by the time
the snake emitted its last hiss in 1977."
 ____________________

"It is fascinating to examine the new European Currency Unit (ECU). In the past, most
countries placed an engraving of a political leader or national symbol on their currency.
However, the European Community planners chose a new symbol for their new ECU--a
woman riding a beast with two horns.

[There are two pictures supplied with this book: one shows a 5 ECU note and the other
shows a stamp of the European Parliament. The stamp is much easier to see and shows a
woman, holding onto one horn, riding a bull who has flowers between his horns. The bull
is on the sea as there is a dolphin beneath him in the water. The woman holds a long
"scarf" billowing out behind her with one end being upheld by a cherub. Running along
the bottom of the stamp are the words: 2nd Election European Parliament. The 5 ECU
note shows a much smaller outline of the woman on the bull to the left of the unit.]

"The conscious motivation for the European politicians to choose this particular symbol
arises from the ancient Greek myth about Europa and Zeus, the leader of the pagan gods.
This ancient myth describes the origin of Europe. According to mythology Zeus wanted
to seduce Europa, a beautiful maiden who would have nothing to do with him.

["And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto
them, That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all
which they chose."--Genesis 6:1,2 ??]

"He transformed himself into a beautiful bull that later became the pet of Europa. One
day, when she was riding the bull he took her across the sea to Crete, revealed himself as
Zeus and seduced her...This same symbol was also engraved on the new stamp
commemorating the election of the European Parliament...The Brooks Instrument
Company of the Netherlands was featured in a recent European magazine noting that it
had received the coveted Quality Award issued by the European Standards Committee.
After being audited in seven areas of financial health and environmental concern this
company could now display the quality symbol on its letterhead, packaging and product.
The Quality Symbol is a woman riding the beast with two horns. If a company wants to
be a supplier to a government of the European Community one of the first questions will
be, 'Do you have the quality Mark?'"

(Prince of Darkness, Grant Jeffrey, 1994)

____________________

Europa (the daughter of the king of Sidon)

(This story...is taken entirely from a poem of the third-century Alexandrian poet Moschus,
by far the best account of it.)

"Up in heaven one spring morning as he idly watched the earth, Zeus suddenly saw a
charming spectacle. Europa had waked early, troubled...by a dream...of two Continents
who each in the shape of a woman tried to possess her, Asia saying that she had given her
birth and therefore owned her, and the other, as yet nameless, declaring that Zeus would
give the maiden to her.

"Once awake from this strange vision which had come at dawn...Europa decided not to
try to go to sleep again, but to summon her companions, girls born in the same year as
herself and all of noble birth, to go out with her to the lovely blooming meadows near the
sea. Here was their favorite meeting place, whether they wanted to dance or bathe their
fair bodies at the river mouth or gather flowers.

"This time all had brought baskets, knowing that the flowers were now at their perfection.
Europa's was of gold, exquisitely chased with figures which showed, oddly enough, the
story of Io, her journeys in the shape of a cow, the death of Argus, and Zeus lightly
touching her with his divine hand and changing her back into a woman. It was, as may be
perceived, a marvel worth gazing upon, and had been made by no less a personage than
Hephaestus, the celestial workman of Olympus.

"Lovely as the basket was, there were flowers as lovely to fill it with, sweet-smelling
narcissus and hyacinths and violets and yellow crocus, and most radiant of all, the
crimson splendor of the wild rose. The girls gatherred them delightedly, wandering here
and there over the meadow, each one a maiden fairest among the fair; yet even so, Europa
shone out among them as the Goddess of Love outshines the sister Graces. And it was
that very Goddess of Love who brought about what next happened. As Zeus in heaven
watched the pretty scene, she who alone can conquer Zeus--along with her son, the
mischievous boy Cupid--shot one of her shafts into his heart, and that very instant he fell
madly in love with Europa. Even though Hera was away, he thought it well to be
cautious, and before appearing to Europa he changed himself into a bull. Not such a one
as you might see in a stall or grazing in a field, but one beautiful beyond all bulls that
ever were, bright chestnut in color, with a silver circle on his brow and horns like the
crescent of the young moon. He seeemed so gentle as well as so lovely that the girls were
not frightened at his coming, but gathered around to caress him and to breathe the
heavenly fragrance that came from him, sweeter even than that of the flowery meadow. It
was Europa he drew toward, and as she gently touched him, he lowed so musically, no
flute could give forth a more melodious sound.

"Then he lay down before her feet and seemed to show her his broad back, and she cried
to the others to come with her and mount him.

For surely he will bear us on his back,

He is so mild and dear and gentle to behold.
He is not like a bull, but like a good, true man,
Except he cannot speak.

"Smiling she sat down on his back, but the others, quick though they were to follow her,
had no chance. The bull leaped up and at full speed rushed to the seashore and then not
into, but over, the wide water. As he went the waves grew smooth before him and a
whole procession rose up from the deep and accompanied him--the strange sea-gods,
Nereids riding upon dolphins, and Tritons blowing their horns, and the mighty Master of
the Sea himself, Zeus's own brother.

"Europa, frightened equally by the wondrous creatures she saw and the moving waters all
around, clung with one hand to the bull's great horn and with the other caught up her
purple dress to keep it dry, and the winds

Swelled out the deep folds even as a sail

Swells on a ship, and ever gently thus
They wafted her.

"No bull could this be, thought Europa, but most certainly a god; and she spoke
pleadingly to him, begging him to pity her and not leave her in some strange place all
alone. He spoke to her in answer and showed her she had guessed rightly what he was.
She had no cause to fear, he told her. He was Zeus, greatest of gods, and all he was doing
was from love of her. He was taking her to Crete, his own island, where his mother had
hidden him from Cronus when he was born, and there she would bear him

Glorious sons whose sceptres shall hold sway

Over all men on earth.

"Everything happened, of course, as Zeus had said. Crete came into sight; they landed,
and the Seasons, the gatekeepers of Olympus, arrayed her for her bridal. Her sons were
famous men, not only in this world but in the next--where two of them, Minos and
Rhadamanthus, were rewarded for thier justice upon the earth by being made the judges
of the dead. But her own name remains the best known of all."

(Mythology, Edith Hamilton [there is a picture accompanying the story entitled "The
Rape of Europa.")

[I have seen other narratives where Zeus is said to have been a white bull, Europa was
said to be the king of Tyre's daughter or Europa was the daughter of Agenor, king of
Phoenicia. (Tyre and Sidon/Zidon were about 20 miles apart and both in Phoenicia.) See
Jezebel, another Tyrian/Sidonian princess.]

____________________
 Europa web site logo

The European Union's server is called "Europa." When you log onto their site, your read:
"The Parliament, the Council, the Commission, the Court of Justice, the Court of
Auditors and other bodies of the European Union (EU) invite you to their server."
(http://europa.eu.int)

"And there appeared a great wonder in heaven; a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet,
and upon her head a crown of twelve stars;"--Revelation 12:1 The parallels between this counterfeit and the
Bible are striking.

In March, 1999 A&E showed a program called "All About Money." Here are a few
excerpts:

-----begin-----

Narrator:
[After WWII and a period of hyper-inflation] a change in Germany's fortunes was
secretly in the works. It is called "Operation Bird Dog." To get Germany moving again,
new German money is designed, engraved and printed in the US. The new currency, 500
tons of it, is delivered in wooden crates to the western zones of Germany. What really
arrived, though, was a world monetary system. Currencies like Germany's were now
pegged to the value of the dollar and the dollar was backed by gold.

Amity Shlaes, Wall Street Journal:

"We think Word War II ended in 1945, but Germans have a different date."

Narrator:
The Germans called it "Day X." On Sunday, June 20, 1948 a momentous radio broadcast
asks all Germans to bring in what reichsmarks they have...to exchange for a new money--
the deutsche mark...
To Germans, "Day X" was a miracle. It layed the groundwork of Germany's climb to the
top of Europe's economy. And the prized symbol of this tranformation is their beloved
German mark.

Fifty years after the deutsche mark's auspicious appearance, its replacement, the Euro, is
being tested...

____________________

Narrator:
E-money entrepeneurs are hoping to solve the problem of safe-guards with even more
electronics.

Salesman at trade show:

"The golden rule in banking is know thy customer."

Narrator:
Know thy customer and then scan their eye-balls into a computer. Your eyes are like
fingerprints and by recording them a company can confirm your identity...and your bank
balance. But how far will it go? Pretty far actually.

Neil Marcous, Electronic Data Systems

[90% of the nation's traffic in electronic payments passes through EDS.]
"You'll simply have the chip embedded, you'll do a retina scan or some other kind of bio-
scan, you'll validate who you are, you'll have your information, it'll transmit and you can
conduct all your business literally against an electronic ledger somewhere."

Narrator:
Did you say embedded?

Neil Marcous:
"Well, it could be embedded in a number of places. For the sake of artistic license, let's
say it was embedded under your skin above your left eyebrow."

Narrator:
As money continues to evolve, it'll need to be just as useful as ever, whether we carry it
in our wallet, or in our forehead.

To some, money is an extravagant evil; most consider it an absolute necessity. All this
paper seems to keep the world functioning even if it isn't worth its weight in gold. Heck,
it may not even be legit.

But after 3,000 years nothing, not even a catastrophe, could get us to give it up.
In the beginning of May [1998], government officials of the European Union will decide
who will participate at the Economic and Currency Reform. At that time, it will be
determined which countries will be first for the new currency.

At the junction of this truly historic event, few take notice that the creation of the new
Europe is strongly influenced by the Roman Catholic church. For many years, Roman
Catholic European Commission President Jacques Delors has prepared this new Europe.
His closest advisers are Jesuit priests. Also, German Chancellor Helmut Kohl (Catholic)
and French President Jacques Chirac (Catholic) keep the new Europe policy solidly in
their hand.

In 1983, during a visit to Austria, the pope expresseed his displeasure against "national
and artificial borders in Europe."

The pope said, "Europeans must do everything in their power to overcome any
threatening international confrontations by establishing a united Europe from the Atlantic
to the Ural mountains." One has to realize that this request is to be understood with the
background in mind that the Roman Catholic Church is not only a religious, but also a
political body.

Rome still believes it must rule on Earth. The church's hierarchy with the pope as the
royal leader is the representative of Christ on Earth [they claim].

The European flag with its twelve stars in a circle on blue is a Catholic creation. Already
in 1958, Archbishop Montini dedicated a 20-meter tall Europe Madonna in honor of Pope
Paul VI, on the north Italian mountain of Serenissima. The official name: "Our Beloved
Lady, Ruler of Europe."

Catholic teachings view Mary as the Biblical figure described in Revelation 12:1.

Another aspect in the development of Europe must also be mentioned here: Several
influential groups, such as the Templars, still believe today that Europe in the third
Millennium will become a theocratic unity state.

At the head, there shall be a priest-king, originating from France, who is supposed to be a
direct descendant from God. In this connection, the statement by the French President
Jacques Chirac is significant. On the evening of his election victory, on May 7, 1995, he
enthusiastically proclaimed, "France shall again be the guiding star for all the people of
the world and that is her calling!"

The stage for the appearance of such a spiritual leader for Europe is definitely prepared.

(excerpt from Midnight Call Magazine (April 1998) of an article paraphrased from the
newsletter TOPIC, January 1998)
 ____________________

3/25/98

11 EU states in countdown to monetary union Ian Geoghegan Reuters

Brussels - Eleven European Union nations were declared fit Wednesday to launch a
single currency that the bloc hopes will guarantee Europe its place among the world's
greatest economic powers.

"This is an important epoch that will decisively influence our country, the European
Union and the world," said German Chancellor Helmut Kohl, the architect of Europe's
economic and monetary union (EMU).

French President Jacques Chirac called the blessing bestowed on the 11 EU nations
chosen for the single currency by the European Commission and the European Monetary
Institute in Frankfurt the start of a new era.

"We are giving ourselves a monetary tool which...will be one of the most important in the
world," he told reporters.

In two separate reports, the bloc's executive commission and the EMI said Belgium,
Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal
and Finland had made enough economic progress to join EMU's first wave, although the
EMI voice lingering doubts.

The final decision on which nations will be in EMU's founding group will be taken by
EU leaders at a special summit in Brussels on May 1-2.

German Finance Minister Theo Waigel said...that a stability culture had already
developed to an impressive degree in Europe, but added that Germany, the bedrock of
Europe's financial strength, would continue to stress the sustainability of convergence in
the EMU.

New Money for a New Year

Agreeing to a single European currency is one thing; history is another.

LONDON, Dec. 28, 1998 The last people successfully to impose a single currency on
Europe were the Romans. Two thousand years ago, their coins of brass and silver
circulated from Rome through France and England and across the Mediterranean basin to
the Middle East. Now, Europe is ready to try again. After the New Year holiday, 290
million people in eleven countries will go to work and learn to live with (and hopefully to
love) a brand new kind of money - the euro.
Jonathan Miller
http://www.msnbc.com/news/225696.asp

In Bullinger's Book, "How to Enjoy the Bible", he talks about a bunch of words whose
meaning down through the years has been changed by man. He provides a definition for
them based on a multitude of Greek papyri mostly from the 1st and 2nd Centuries that
has been found via archaelogic digs in Egypt. These papyri are all different kinds of
everyday household documents or documents from tombs ... business letters, love letters,
contracts, estimates, certificates, agreements, accounts, bills of sale, mortgages, school
exercises, receipts, bribes, charms, litanies, tales, magical literature, pawn tickets and
whatever.

Rev 13:16-17
16 And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a
MARK in their right hand, or in their foreheads:
17 And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the
beast, or the number of his name. (KJV)

STRONG'S
5480 charagma (khar'-ag-mah); from the same as 5482; a scratch or etching, i.e. stamp
(as a badge of servitude), or scupltured figure (statue): KJV-- graven, mark.

5482 charax (khar'-ax); from charasso (to sharpen to a point; akin to 1125 through the
idea of scratching); a stake, i.e. (by implication) a palisade or rampart (military mound
for circumvallation in a siege): KJV-- trench.

THAYER'S
5480 charagma-
1) a stamp, an imprinted mark a) used of the mark stamped on the forehead or the right
hand as the badge of the followers of the Antichrist b) the mark branded upon horses
2) a thing carved, a sculpture, a graven work; used of idolatrous images

5482 charax-
1) a pale or stake, a palisade
2) a palisade or rampart; pales between which earth, stones, trees, and timbers are heaped
and packed together

BULLINGER'S
Charagma, a mark. In the papyri this word (1) is always used of a mark connected with
the emperor and (2) it always contains his name or effigy, and the year of his reign. (3) It
was necessary for buying and selling. (4) It was technically known as charagma.
It is found on all sorts of documents, even on "a bill of sale." In Acts 17:29 it is rendered
"graven." Elsewhere it is used only of the "mark" of the Beast. (Scriptures omitted) He
will be the Overlord in that day !

(private email correspondence)

ARITHMETIC. We owe a debt of gratitude to the Arabs and Hindus of 5,000 years ago,
because they devised their system of numbering and counting. These Oriental peoples
actually forged the most useful everyday tool of modern civilization--one tool we cannot
get along without--arithmetic.

The World Depends on Numbers. If everybody suddenly lost the power to count and to
use numbers, all business and industry would be paralyzed. A great hush would fall upon
the world. Telephones would cease to ring. Money would be worthless--no one would
know what it meant--and cash registers would be silent. Important letters would never
arrive at their destinations, for railroads, airplanes, motor cars, and ships would stop
running. Calendars and clocks would go to the junk pile, for they would no longer "make
sense." Our entire system of international trade would have to be discarded, and people
would go back to bartering and trying to count on their fingers and toes.

Arithmetic, the accurate, practical science of numbers, is the one tool which every person
must have, in order to adjust himself to modern living. It is not a subject to be studied for
a few years, then forgotten. It is almost as necessary, every day, as food and air and
clothing. Farmers, bankers, doctors, engineers, baseball players, housewives, in fact,
everyone, no matter what his daily work is, uses his knowledge of arithmetic.

(The Wonderland of Knowledge, 1965)

____________________

Arabic numeral: one of the number symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.--Webster's Ninth

New Collegiate Dictionary

4/12/99 (excerpt)

Free Lunches Offered for Tattoo

by David Kligman
Associated Press Writer

SAN FRANCISCO (AP) Some people will do anything for a free burrito.
A Mexican restaurant offered a lifetime of free lunches to anyone willing to get a tattoo
of its logo, Jimmy the Corn Man, a sombrero-wearing mariachi boy riding a blazing
corncob. Just show the cashier the tattoo - any size, on any part of the body - and get a
free meal.

Since word of the promotion got out six months ago, 38 people have braved the tattoo
needle for a permanent coupon at Casa Sanchez.

-----edit-----

Tattooing For Jesus

"Reporter Douglas Todd of The Vancouver Sun visited the Vineyard Christian
Fellowship in Langley, British Columbia, and found that tattoos are the newest 'in thing'
for Vineyard Christians. Amy Bonde, who is a staff member at the Vineyard in Langley,
has a large Celtic cross tattooed on the small of her back. Encircling the cross are Hebrew
letters that allegedly mean, 'I am my beloved’s, and he is mine.' Bonde says the tattoo
signifies that she looks upon Jesus Christ as her 'lover.' Another Vineyard member, Peter
Davyduck, has a tattoo of the word 'SIN' on his ankle. He says this is a message to
'judgmental Christians that everyone is a sinner and should be accepted in spite of it.'

"The Vancouver Sun report notes that the tattooing represents 'a sign of a seismic shift in
evangelical Christianity, which has been associated for most of this century with harsh
rules about controlling one's body: no dancing, no long hair on men, no pants on women,
no drinking, no dancing, no jewelry and certainly NO TATTOOING.'"

Source: http://wayoflife.org/~dcloud/fbns/tattooingfor.htm

7/30/99

Concern over microchip implants

New technology getting under some people's skin
By Jon E. Dougherty
c 1999 WorldNetDaily.com

Researchers say the technology is currently available to implant biometric devices in

human beings, which can be monitored by government satellites and utilized by private
industry. In fact some developers are currently attempting to bring the technology to the
public and private sector.

Though not yet generally available to the public, trials of sub-skin implants have been
underway for nearly a year. For instance, The London Times reported in October 1998,
"... Film stars and the children of millionaires are among 45 people, including several
Britons, who have been approached and fitted with the chips (called the Sky Eye) in
secret tests."

Critics, however, are worried about the increased support such devices are receiving
because of the inherent risk to individual privacy. They contend that several
governments, including the U.S., possess the ability to monitor such devices and, as a
consequence, the people who have them -- even though they may not be wanted for a
crime, listed as a missing person, or considered dangerous in any way.

A recent study of microchip implantation technology, written by Elaine M. Ramish for

the Franklin Pierce Law Center, examined at length the ethical issue of privacy, which
engulfs every debate surrounding implanted biometric devices. The study provided
details about current research and development as well as marketing plans developers are
likely to use to "sell" the idea to a generally skeptical American public and U.S.
Congress.

In her study, though, Ramish said she believes the implementation of such devices will
eventually become a reality despite their controversial identification role. But, she said,
the concept is not a new one; other researchers have advocated the widespread use of
biometric identification devices as early as 1967.

"Although microchip implantation might be introduced as a voluntary procedure, in time,

there will be pressure to make it mandatory," Ramish wrote in her research paper entitled,
"Time Enough? Consequences of Human Microchip Implantation."[1]

"A national identification system via microchip implants could be achieved in two
stages," she said. "Upon introduction as a voluntary system, the microchip implantation
will appear to be palatable. After there is a familiarity with the procedure and a
knowledge of its benefits, implantation would be mandatory." Indeed, of the test cases in
Great Britain, so far benefactors have reported no negative consequences.

Ramish believes that "legislative protection(s) for individual rights" should be enacted by
Congress and signed into law before any such devices could be brought to market.

In her paper, Ramish said recent polls have found that if guaranteed certain privacy
protections, the number of Americans who would be willing to accept a medical
information implant "rose by 11 percent." Such tracking devices have already been
available to pet owners for nearly ten years, and biometric devices such as fingerprint
scanners are quietly making their way into the public sector.

Ramish noted that a few U.S. firms were already developing, or had developed,
implantable biometric devices capable of "read only, read-write and read-write with
tracking" abilities. IBM, Hughes Aircraft, and Dallas Semiconductor are among several
firms Ramish said currently were working to develop such systems, but none of them
returned phone calls for comment from WorldNetDaily.
A spokesman for Rep. Lamar Smith, R-Texas, also declined to comment on the
possibility that someday Congress may be faced with the decision to mandate the
implementation of such technology.

Though Smith is head of the House Ethics Committee -- a committee that normally
examines only the ethical behavior of other House members -- his spokesman declined to
say how Smith personally felt about the implementation of biometric technology in
humans.

"He (Smith) has never addressed that issue," the spokesman said.

A spokesman for Democratic presidential nominee candidate and former U.S. Senator
Bill Bradley told WorldNetDaily his boss, too, had never considered the possibility nor
thought about the ramifications of personal privacy.

But George Getz, the communications director for the Libertarian Party, said party
director Steve Dasbach "has considered the issue of privacy on many occasions."

"In fact," he said, "that's one issue we consistently address as Libertarians."

Getz said to the extent that this procedure is voluntary, "there certainly shouldn't be a law
against it, because Libertarians believe that individuals, rather than the government,
should have sole control over their own bodies."

"But the concept of government-mandated microchip implants is reprehensible," he

added.

Getz said he believes the inevitability of such a device lies in "the government's
ability to make living a normal life without one impossible." Though the chip
implantation procedure might legally remain "voluntary," he said it's very likely
that government at all levels would eventually force everyone to have one.

"After all, the government has never forced anyone to have a driver license," he said.
"But try getting along without one, when everyone from your local banker to the car
rental man to the hotel operator to the grocery store requires one in order for you to take
advantage of their services."

"That amounts to a de facto mandate," he said. "If the government can force you to
surrender your fingerprints to get a drivers license, why can't it force you to get a
computer chip implant? These are differences in degree, not in kind -- which is why it's
essential to fight government privacy invasions from the outset."

A spokesman for the House Science and Technology Committee, who requested
anonymity, told WorldNetDaily that indeed the committee has "looked into the question
of biometrics and the use of such technology on society." He said at present, however, no
legislation requiring or permitting the use of such devices in humans is being considered
in the House.

"We've looked at the issue across the board -- whether to fight fraud, fight crime, improve
safety," he said, "but as far as this particular use of biometrics, I don't think we've ever
really addressed it."

Not everyone is opposed to the idea, however.

Amitai Etzioni, Director of a group known as the Communitarian Network and a

professor of Sociology at George Washington University, believes there are definite
benefits to society using biometric technology.

In an article published recently,[2] Etzioni -- who has written extensively on the issue of
privacy -- said, "Opposition to these new technologies is particularly troubling given that
the benefits are considerable."

"Once biometric devices are more fully developed, and as unit costs decline ... a person
may forget his password, pin number and access code, and leave his ID card and keys at
home," wrote Etzioni.

A spokesman on science and technology issues at the Communitarian Network, who also
requested anonymity, confirmed that the organization -- and Mr. Etzioni specifically --
"has done extensive work on researching the benefits to society of biometric technology."

"Communities ... stand to reap considerable benefits," said Etzioni. "Once biometric
devices are widely deployed, they will make it much more difficult for the estimated
330,000 criminals to remain on the lam. These fugitives not only avoid trial and
incarceration but also often commit additional crimes while they roam the country with
little concern."

The group also expresses support for all forms of biometric technology -- from scanners
to implants -- as a way to increase benefits to child care facilities, decrease losses to
businesses, and protect Americans who now fall prey to identity theft.

Jon E. Dougherty is a senior writer and columnist for WorldNetDaily, as well as a

morning co-host of Daybreak America.

[Emphasis added.]

(link no longer active:

http://www.worldnetdaily.com/bluesky_dougherty/19990730_xnjdo_concern_ov.shtml)

------
[1] Time Enough? Consequences of Human Microchip Implantation
Elaine M. Ramesh
http://www.fplc.edu/risk/vol8/fall/ramesh.htm (107k)

[2] Biometrics Are Coming! Biometrics Are Coming!

by Amitai Etzioni
(http://www.intellectualcapital.com/issues/issue225/item4244.asp; link no longer active; please contact us
if URL is redirected to a questionable site).

U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, http://patents.uspto.gov/cgi-bin/ifetch4?ENG+PATBIB-

ALL+0+946309+0+
7+25907+OF+1+1+1+PN%2f5%2c878%2c155

United States Patent 5,878,155

Heeter Mar. 2, 1999

Method for verifying human identity during electronic sale transactions Abstract

A method is presented for facilitating sales transactions by electronic media. A bar code
or a design is tattooed on an individual. Before the sales transaction can be consummated,
the tattoo is scanned with a scanner. Characteristics about the scanned tattoo are
compared to characteristics about other tattoos stored on a computer database in order to
verify the identity of the buyer. Once verified, the seller may be authorized to debit the
buyer's electronic bank account in order to consummate the transaction. The seller's
electronic bank account may be similarly updated.

Background of the Invention

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to the identification of humans. More particularly, the
present invention relates to the application of invisible, indelible tattoos on humans for
purposes of identification in order to conduct monetary and credit transactions in a secure
manner.

http://164.195.100.11/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=/netahtml/
srchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1='5878155'.WKU.&OS=PN/5878155&RS=PN/5878155

Inventors: Heeter; Thomas W.

(55 Lyerly, Houston, TX 77022).
Appl. No.: 709,471
Filed: Sept. 5, 1996

Correspondence from BPR mailing list:

It is interesting to compare the black horse [in Revelation 6]. Why are there scales, when
the *wheat* and *barley* are measured by volume? Awfully expensive items; I wonder
if these grains symbolize two distinct groups of people. Hmmm. The unit of currency is
the denarius, of which the word "dinar" evolved.

[Rev 6:5,6 And when he had opened the third seal, I heard the third beast say, Come and
see. And I beheld, and lo a black horse; and he that sat on him had a pair of balances in
his hand. And I heard a voice in the midst of the four beasts say, A measure of wheat for
a penny, and three measures of barley for a penny; and see thou hurt not the oil and the
wine.]

Introducing the New Islamic Dinar and Durham:

http://www.murabitun.org/WITO/intro.html

"Abu Bakr ibn Abi Maryam reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, say: 'A time is certainly coming over mankind in which
there will be nothing [left] which will be of use save a dinar and a dirham.'" (The Musnad
of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal)

____________________

"The Revelation undertook to mention them and attached many judgements to them, for
example zakat, marriage, and hudud, etc., therefore within the Revelation they have to
have a reality and specific measure for assessment [of zakat, etc.] upon which its
judgements may be based rather than on the non-shari'i [other coins].

"Know that there is consensus [ijma] since the beginning of Islam and the age of the
Companions and the Followers that the dirham of the shari'ah is that of which ten weigh
seven mithqals [weight of the dinar] of gold. ... The weight of a mithqal of gold is
seventy-two grains of barley, so that the dirham which is seven-tenths of it is fifty and
two-fifths grains. All these measurements are firmly established by consensus." Ibn
Khaldun, Al-Muqaddimah

This new gold standard currency is of course, a specific measure of gold by weight.

S.C.A.N. INDIVIDUAL MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY F.A.Q. (Frequently Asked

Questions).

Available at: http://www.networkusa.org/fingerprint/page5a/fp-chip-faq.html

Digital Angel (TM) Technology that cares

Applied Digital Solutions has recently acquired the patent rights to a new technology that
we believe will revolutionize e-business security, emergency location and medical
monitoring. That technology has been named Digital Angel™.

ADS is actively seeking joint venture partners to develop and market this technology. We
expect to produce a prototype of the device by the end of 2000. We believe Digital
Angel™ technology, in all of its applications, has a multi-billion marketing potential.

Basic Features of Digital Angel™

The Digital Angel™ transceiver can be implanted just under the skin or hidden
inconspicuously on or within valuable personal belongings and priceless works of art.
When implanted within the human body, the transceiver is powered electromechanically
through the movement of muscles. It can be activated either by the "wearer" or by a
remote monitoring facility. The device also can monitor certain biological functions of
the human body - such as heart rate - and send a distress signal to a monitoring facility
when it detects a medical emergency.

Limitations of Competing Technologies

While a number of other tracking and monitoring technologies have been patented and
marketed in the past, they are all unsuitable for the widespread tracking, recovery and
identification of people due to a variety of limitations, including unwieldy size,
maintenance requirements, insufficient or inconvenient power-supply and activation
difficulties. For the first time in the history of location and monitoring technology,
Digital Angel™ overcomes these limitations.

Potential Uses of Digital Angel™

Although still in the early developmental stage, we believe Digital Angel™ could have
an array of beneficial potential applications: provide a tamper- proof means of locating
and identifying individuals for e-business and e- commerce security; locate individuals,
including children, who are lost or who have been abducted; monitor the medical
conditions of at-risk patients; track and locate military, diplomatic and other essential
government personnel; determine the location or the authenticity of valuable property;
track the whereabouts of wilderness sports enthusiasts (mountain climbers, hikers, skiers,
etc.).

http://www.digitalangel.net/

Auto-ID: Tracking everything, everywhere

Katherine Albrecht, CASPIAN
[The following is an excerpt from the article, "Supermarket Cards: Tip of the Retail
Surveillance Iceberg," accepted for Publication in the Denver University Law Review,
June 2002]

"In 5-10 years, whole new ways of doing things will emerge and gradually become
commonplace. Expect big changes." - MIT's Auto-ID Center
Supermarket cards and other retail surveillance devices are merely the opening volley of
the marketers' war against consumers. If consumers fail to oppose these practices now,
our long term prospects may look like something from a dystopian science fiction novel.

A new consumer goods tracking system called Auto-ID is poised to enter all of our lives,
with profound implications for consumer privacy. Auto-ID couples radio frequency (RF)
identification technology with highly miniaturized computers that enable products to be
identified and tracked at any point along the supply chain.

The system could be applied to almost any physical item, from ballpoint pens to
toothpaste, which would carry their own unique information in the form of an embedded
chip. The chip sends out an identification signal allowing it to communicate with reader
devices and other products embedded with similar chips.

Analysts envision a time when the system will be used to identify and track every item
produced on the planet.

A number for every Item on the planet

Auto-ID employs a numbering scheme called ePC (for "electronic product code") which
can provide a unique ID for any physical object in the world. The ePC is intended to
replace the UPC bar code used on products today.

Unlike the bar code, however, the ePC goes beyond identifying product categories -- it
actually assigns a unique number to every single item that rolls off a manufacturing line.
For example, each pack of cigarettes, individual can of soda, light bulb or package of
razor blades produced would be uniquely identifiable through its own ePC number.

Once assigned, this number is transmitted by a radio frequency ID tag (RFID) in or on

the product. These tiny tags, predicted by some to cost less than 1 cent each by 2004, are
"somewhere between the size of a grain of sand and a speck of dust." They are to be built
directly into food, clothes, drugs, or auto-parts during the manufacturing process.

Receiver or reader devices are used to pick up the signal transmitted by the RFID tag.
Proponents envision a pervasive global network of millions of receivers along the entire
supply chain -- in airports, seaports, highways, distribution centers, warehouses, retail
stores, and in the home. This would allow for seamless, continuous identification and
tracking of physical items as they move from one place to another, enabling companies to
determine the whereabouts of all their products at all times.
Steven Van Fleet, an executive at International Paper, looks forward to the prospect.
"We'll put a radio frequency ID tag on everything that moves in the North American
supply chain," he enthused recently.

The ultimate goal is for Auto-ID to create a "physically linked world" in which every
item on the planet is numbered, identified, catalogued, and tracked. And the technology
exists to make this a reality. Described as "a political rather than a technological
problem," creating a global system “would . . . involve negotiation between, and
consensus among, different countries.” Supporters are aiming for worldwide acceptance
of the technologies needed to build the infrastructure within the next few years.

The implications of Auto-ID

"Theft will be drastically reduced because items will report when they are stolen, their
smart tags also serving as a homing device toward their exact location." - MIT's Auto-ID
Center
Since the Auto-ID Center's founding at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
in 1999, it has moved forward at remarkable speed. The center has attracted funding from
some of the largest consumer goods manufacturers in the world, and even counts the
Department of Defense among its sponsors. In a mid-2001 pilot test with Gillette, Philip
Morris, Procter & Gamble, and Wal-Mart, the center wired the entire city of Tulsa,
Oklahoma with radio-frequency equipment to verify its ability to track Auto-ID equipped
packages.

Though many Auto-ID proponents appear focused on inventory and supply chain
efficiency, others are developing financial and consumer applications that, if adopted,
will have chilling effects on consumers' ability to escape the oppressive surveillance of
manufacturers, retailers, and marketers. Of course, government and law enforcement will
be quick to use the technology to keep tabs on citizens, as well.

The European Central Bank is quietly working to embed RFID tags in the fibers of Euro
bank notes by 2005. The tag would allow money to carry its own history by recording
information about where it has been, thus giving governments and law enforcement
agencies a means to literally "follow the money" in every transaction. If and when RFID
devices are embedded in banknotes, the anonymity that cash affords in consumer
transactions will be eliminated.

Hitachi Europe wants to supply the tags. The company has developed a smart tag chip
that -- at just 0.3mm square and as thin as a human hair -- can easily fit inside of a
banknote. Mass-production of the new chip will start within a year.

Consumer marketing applications will decimate privacy

"Radio frequency is another technology that supermarkets are already using in a number
of places throughout the store. We now envision a day where consumers will walk into a
store, select products whose packages are embedded with small radio frequency UPC
codes, and exit the store without ever going through a checkout line or signing their name
on a dotted line."

Jacki Snyder, Manager of Electronic Payments for Supervalu (Supermarkets), Inc., and
Chair, Food Marketing Institute Electronic Payments Committee

Auto-ID would expand marketers' ability to monitor individuals' behavior to undreamt of

extremes. With corporate sponsors like Wal-Mart, Target, the Food Marketing Institute,
Home Depot, and British supermarket chain Tesco, as well as some of the world's largest
consumer goods manufacturers including Proctor and Gamble, Phillip Morris, and Coca
Cola it may not be long before Auto-ID-based surveillance tags begin appearing in every
store-bought item in a consumer's home.

According to a video tour of the "Home of the Future" and "Store of the Future"
sponsored by Proctor and Gamble, applications could include shopping carts that
automatically bill consumer's accounts (cards would no longer be needed to link
purchases to individuals), refrigerators that report their contents to the supermarket for re-
ordering, and interactive televisions that select commercials based on the contents of a
home's refrigerator.

Now that shopper cards have whetted their appetite for data, marketers are no longer
content to know who buys what, when, where, and how. As incredible as it may seem,
they are now planning ways to monitor consumers' use of products within their very
homes. Auto-ID tags coupled with indoor receivers installed in shelves, floors, and
doorways, could provide a degree of omniscience about consumer behavior that staggers
the imagination.

Consider the following statements by John Stermer, Senior Vice President of eBusiness
Market Development at ACNielsen:

"[After bar codes] [t]he next 'big thing' [was] [f]requent shopper cards. While these did a
better job of linking consumers and their purchases, loyalty cards were severely
limited...consider the usage, consumer demographic, psychographic and economic blind
spots of tracking data.... [S]omething more integrated and holistic was needed to provide
a ubiquitous understanding of on- and off-line consumer purchase behavior, attitudes and
product usage. The answer: RFID (radio frequency identification) technology.... In an
industry first, RFID enables the linking of all this product information with a specific
consumer identified by key demographic and psychographic markers....Where once we
collected purchase information, now we can correlate multiple points of consumer
product purchase with consumption specifics such as the how, when and who of product
use."
Marketers aren't the only ones who want to watch what you do in your home. Enter again
the health surveillance connection. Some have suggested that pill bottles in medicine
cabinets be tagged with Auto-ID devices to allow doctors to remotely monitor patient
compliance with prescriptions.
While developers claim that Auto-ID technology will create "order and balance" in a
chaotic world, even the center's executive director, Kevin Ashton, acknowledges there's a
"Brave New World" feel to the technology. He admits, for example, that people might
balk at the thought of police using Auto-ID to scan the contents of a car's trunk without
needing to open it. The Center's co-director, Sanjay E. Sarma, has already begun planning
strategies to counter the public backlash he expects the system will encounter.

(http://www.nocards.org/AutoID/overview.shtml)

Links of interest:
C.A.S.P.I.A.N. (Consumers Against Supermarket Invasion and Numbering)
RFID Update
RFID Journal

Listen to two Endtime "Politics & Religion" radio programs with Katherine Albrecht as
the guest discussing latest RFID news.
(one hour each - Real Player)
1. February 19, 2003
2. June 19, 2003
Also check here for more current Endtime Politics & Religion radio programs on this and
other subjects.

Buy Videos featuring Katherine Albrecht from Endtime Politics & Religion website.
Video titles:
1. RFID: Tracking Everything, Everywhere
2. On the Brink of the Mark

See also:
Babylon
Forehead and Hand
Leprosy
Red Beast/Islam/Ottoman Empire
The Number 666
The Creature from Jekyll Island

Also visit:
http://www.raidersnewsupdate.com/implantsites.html