Structural Analysis And Design

Program
Developed by
Bentley Systems
What Is Analysis?
Calculation of the response of
structures to
actions
Why to perform an Analysis
To calculate
1. Stress distribution
2. Natural frequencies
3. Displacement
4. Critical Buckling loads.

Methods of Engineering Analysis
Experimental Method
Example: Prototype model
Analytical method or Theoretical Analysis
Using Mathematical Differential equations
Numerical method
Finite element method*
Basic Terminologies
Structural analysis
Stress
Strain
Poisson ratio
Hook's law
Young's modulus
Bending moment
Shear force
Stress strain curve for various materials
Linear
Nonlinear
Isotropic vs. anisotropic vs. orthotropic
Basic Terminologies
Structural analysis
Structure
Beam
Column
Truss


Introduction to FEM & FEA
FEM-Finite element method
FEA Finite element analysis

FEM
Finite element method of structural analysis
was created by academic and industrial
researches during 1959s and 1960s
Theoretical approach.
Examples
Euler's rule, LaGrange method,
Newton raphson method, Fourier series

Nature of FEM
Force method (Forces unknown)
Strain energy method
Consistent deformation method
Matrix flexibility method
Clayperons theorem of 3 moments
Displacement method (Displacements unknown)
Kanis method
Slope deflection method
Matrix stiffness method
Moment distribution method
FEM

FEA
FEA-
simulate loading conditions on design &
determine design response to these
conditions
The design is modeled using discrete
elements called elements
The sum of response of all elements in the
model gives the response of design

Problem types in FEA
Boundary value problem-static and steady
state analysis
Initial value problem-fluid flow
Eigen value problem-Modal analysis,
vibration and natural frequency
Boundary initial value problem-forced
vibration, transient and dynamic analysis
FEM
Nodes
Elements
Types of elements
1D-Line element(Min 2 nodes)
2D-Plane element (Area-Min 4 node)
3D-Solid element (Volume-min 8 nodes)
Stages
Preprocessor
Solution
Postprocessor
Meshing
Process of discritization of a structure into
element and nodes
Infinite no of D.O.F to Finite D.O.F
Types of discritization
Natural
Artificial
Basic terminologies meshing
Aspect ratio
Skewing
Warp age
Types of refinement
H refinement
P refinement


Meshing-Importance &
drawbacks
Why should we mesh
Element quality
Problems associated with meshing

ABOUT STAAD PRO
A comprehensive integrated FEA and design
solution, including a state of the art user
interface, visualization tools and integrated
design codes
Capable of analyzing a structure exposed to
dynamic response, soil structure interaction
or wind, earthquake and moving loads
Static analysis
Analysis of a structure for various loads under static
condition i.e. component under rest when loads are
applied

Examples
Holding devices-Clamp or fixture analysis

Types
Linear analysis
Non linear analysis

Dynamic analysis
Analysis of a structure for various loads under
Dynamic condition i.e. component is in motion when
loads are applied or time varying loads

Examples
Suspension systems of a vehicle

Types
Linear analysis
Non linear analysis


Structural analysis-Design
consideration
Change design
Alternate material
ABOUT STAAD PRO
STAADPro is the World's leading Structural Analysis and Design
software
Incorporating design codes for 15 different countries
Most comprehensive and universal.
STAAD.Pro meets the rigid requirements of NUPIC/NRC
(Nuclear Regulatory Commission) by conforming to the 10CFR
PART 50, APPENDIX B, Section II, "Quality Assurance Program"
and ASME NQA-1-2000 (Quality Assurance Requirements for
Nuclear Facility Applications) standards. Development,
maintenance, and support are all based upon the highest
quality standards.
About NRC
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) was
created as an independent agency by Congress in 1974 to
enable the nation to safely use radioactive materials for
beneficial civilian purpose while ensuring that people and
the environment are protected.

Features of STAAD PRO
Analysis
The STAAD Analysis Engine has 2D
And 3Dcapabilities for solving problems containing
Beams, plate elements and 8 node bricks.
A wide range of support conditions, load types and
various other member/element specifications are
available for combination with these features

Features of STAAD PRO
Postprocessor - Space Frame
Logical Page Control Layout
Dynamic Query Function
Combine View ports to display various results
Pictures of Results for inclusion in Output Report
Graphs of Bending Moments, Shear etc. for individual
members
Graphics Interactive with Results Tables
Combine Load diagrams with Results
Mode Shapes/Natural Frequency Results, Time History
Plots

Features of
STAAD PRO
Steel Design
Database of section sizes for a variety of countries, eg. United
Kingdom, USA, French, German, European etc.
Steel Design as per IS 800 Standards
Specify Composite Action for Design
User Specified Design Parameters
Automatic Iterative Design to Least Weight Algorithm,
automatically updates analysis model and re-analyses
Design Fixed Groups, eg isolate beams and columns

Features of STAAD PRO
Concrete Design
Design Concrete for Beams/Columns/Slabs
IS 456,BS8110, BS8007, India, French, German, Spanish,
Russian etc. Design Codes
Reinforcement Details shown on Beam/Column
Contours of Reinforcement available for Finite Element
Slabs
Tabular Results available
Form Continuous Members from Analysis Elements
Individual Groups and Briefs
Combine Concrete & Steel Design in one run

Products
Products for the analysis and design of buildings, bridges, plants,
bridges, and civil structures:
STAAD FOUNDATION
STAAD PRO
Advanced Analysis Module
STAAD.beava
Section wizard
STAAD OFFSHORE
STAAD(X).Tower
LEAP PRESTO
LEAP VERTEX
LEAP PC-HELP
Revit Structure Link
RAM Elements
RAM Concept
RAM Connection
RAM Structural System
RAM Steel
RAM Frame
RAM Foundation
RAM Concrete
Other products
Documentation and BIM products for
enabling the creation of drawings and
Building Information Modeling:
Bentley Structural
RAM CAD studio

Other products
Engineering Analysis (CAE) products for
analytical tools for stress and pipe-stress
analysis, fluid-flow and pulsation
analysis, and local stress analysis:
Bentley Auto PIPE

Other products
Detailing products for structural steel and
concrete reinforcing detailing:
Bentley Power Rebar
ProStructures
ProSteel
ProConcrete

Firms
Structural engineering
Structural consultant
Multi-discipline E/A and A/E
Departments in construction companies,
owner/operators, and government agencies