Académique Documents
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Recap!
agents
Semantic
Ontologies Logical Support
Annotations
Semantic
Web
Tools Applications /
Languages
Services
Semantic
Ontologies Logical Support
Annotations
Semantic
Web •Semantic annotations are
specific sort of metadata,
Applications /
Languages Tools
Services which provides information
about particular domain
objects, values of their
Creators Users
properties and
WWW
relationships, in a machine-
and processable, formal and
Beyond Web content
standardized way.
Semantic
Ontologies Logical Support
Annotations
Semantic
Web Logical support in form of rules is needed
to infer implicit content, metadata and
Applications / ontologies from the explicit ones.
Languages Tools
Services Rules are considered to be a major issue
in the further development of the
semantic web.
On one hand, they can be used in ontology
WWW Creators Users languages, in conjunction with or as an
alternative to description logics.
and And on the other hand, they will act as a
Beyond Web content
means to draw inferences, to configure
systems, to express constraints, to specify
policies, to react to events/changes, to
transform data, to specify behavior of
agents, etc.
Semantic
Annotations
Ontologies Logical Support
•Languages are needed for machine-
Semantic processable formal descriptions of:
Web metadata ((annotations)) like e.g.
g RDF;
ontologies like e.g. OWL.; rules like
e.g. RuleML.
Applications /
Tools
Services •The challenge is to provide a
Languages
Semantic
Ontologies Logical Support
Annotations
Semantic
Web
User-friendly tools are needed for
Tools Applications metadata
/ manual creation (annotating
Languages
Services
content) or automated generation, for
ontology
gy engineering
g g and validation,,
for knowledge acquisition (rules), for
WWW Creators Users
languages parsing and processing, etc.
and
Beyond Web content
Semantic
Ontologies Logical Support
Annotations
Semantic
Web
Tools Applications /
Languages
Services
Questions,, Q
Q Questions and More Q
Questions…
• How can Semantic Technology revolutionize how we use web to
find and organize information, or conduct business?
On HTML
▫ Web content is currently formatted
f human
for h readers
d rather
th than
th
programs
An HTML Example
<h1>Agilitas Physiotherapy Centre</h1>
Welcome to the home page of the Agilitas Physiotherapy Centre. Do
you feel pain? Have you had an injury? Let our staff Lisa Davenport,
Kelly Townsend (our lovely secretary) and Steve Matthews take care
of your body and soul.
<h2>Consultation hours</h2>
Mon 11am - 7pm<br>
Tue 11am - 7pm<br>
Wed 3pm - 7pm<br>
Thu 11am - 7pm<br>
Fri 11am - 3pm<p>
But note that we do not offer consultation during the weeks of the
<a href=". . .">State Of Origin</a> games.
A Better Representation
<company>
y py
<treatmentOffered>Physiotherapy</treatmentOffered>
<companyName>Agilitas Physiotherapy Centre</companyName>
<staff>
therapist Lisa Davenport</therapist>
<therapist>Lisa Davenport /therapist
<therapist>Steve Matthews</therapist>
<secretary>Kelly Townsend</secretary>
</staff>
</company>
Explicit Metadata
• This representation is far more easily
processable by machines
Ontologies
• The term ontology originates from philosophy
•
• The study of the nature of existence
An Inference Example
prof(X) → faculty(X)
faculty(X) → staff(X)
prof(michael)
Software Agents
• Software agents work autonomously and
proactively
▫ They evolved out of object oriented and
component-based programming
Readings
• Chapter 1 of Davies J., Fensel D. and van
Harmelen F.
F (2003)
• Berners-Lee T., Hendler J. and Lassila O.The
Semantic Web.
Web
Assignment # 1
• In their paper titled “The Semantic Web” Time
Berners-Lee
Berners Lee et al.”
al. describe a scenario exemplifying
a possible use of the Semantic Web. In your groups:
▫ Di
Discuss and
d describe
d ib another
h example
l off a possible
ibl usage
scenario of the Semantic Web
• Deadline:
▫ Friday
y 16th January
y 2008