Command:

Definitions :
Order by a superior to carry out an action. An individual can be commanded to do something.
The word has a militaristic connotation in that commands given to those lower in rank must
be obeyed. When one is commanded to do something, one is compelled.

In computers, instruction to perform a given procedure.

v.tr.
To direct with authority; give orders to.

To have control or authority over; rule: a general who commands an army.

To have at one's disposal: a person who commands seven languages.

To deserve and receive as due; exact: The troops' bravery commanded

respect.

To exercise dominating, authoritative influence over: "He commands any room

he enters."

To dominate by physical position; overlook: a mountain commanding the

valley below.

v.intr.
To give orders.

To exercise authority or control as or as if one is a commander.

n.
The act of commanding.

An order given with authority.

Computer Science: A signal that initiates an operation defined by an

instruction.

The authority to command: an admiral in command.

Possession and exercise of the authority to command: command of the seas.

Ability to control or use; mastery: command of four languages.

 Dominance by location; extent of view.

The jurisdiction of a commander.

* A military unit, post, district, or region under the control of one officer.

* A unit of the U.S. Air Force that is larger than an air force.

adj.
Of, relating to, or constituting a command: command headquarters; a
command decision.

Done or performed in response to a command: a command performance.

Thesaurus: Command
verb

1. To give orders to: bid, charge, direct, enjoin, instruct, order, tell.
2. To have at one's disposal: boast, enjoy, have, hold, possess.
3. To have authoritative charge of: captain, lead.
4. To rise above, especially so as to afford a view of: dominate, overlook, tower above
(or over).

noun

1. An authoritative indication to be obeyed: behest, bidding, charge, commandment,

dictate, direction, directive, injunction, instruction (often used in plural), mandate,
order, word.
2. The right and power to command, decide, rule, or judge: authority, control,
domination, dominion, jurisdiction, mastery, might, power, prerogative, sovereignty,
sway. Informal say-so.
3. The act of exercising controlling power or the condition of being so controlled:
control, dominance, domination, dominion, mastery, reign, rule, sway.
4. The capacity to lead others: lead, leadership.
5. Natural or acquired facility in a specific activity: ability, adeptness, art, craft,
expertise, expertness, knack, mastery, proficiency, skill, technique. Informal know-
how.

Idioms: Command
command performance: An occasion that one is obliged to attend, as in My
boss's invitations to dinner are always a command performance. This
term originally (late 1800s) denoted a theatrical or musical performance
presented at the behest of a sovereign or head of state. By the 1930s it was also
used figuratively for any more or less obligatory occasion or performance.

have a good command: Have the ability to use or control; have mastery of. For
example, She has a remarkably good command of Japanese, or He had a
good command of his emotions.

 at someone's command
 command button
 command car
 command file
 command key
 command line
 in command

Antonyms: Command

n
Definition: directive, instruction
Antonyms: contradiction, countermand, opposition, recall, reversal, revocation

n
Definition: rule, power
Antonyms: subordination

v
Definition: demand
Antonyms: beg, contradict, countermand, oppose, plead, recall, reverse, revoke

v
Definition: rule, have power
Antonyms: follow
Instructions
The activities of educating; The profession of a teacher; (computer science) a
line of code written as part of a computer program; A message describing how
something is to be done.

n.
1. The act, practice, or profession of instructing.
2.
a. Imparted knowledge.
b. An imparted or acquired item of knowledge; a lesson.
3. Computer Science. A sequence of bits that tells a central processing unit to perform a
particular operation and can contain data to be used in the operation.
4.
a. An authoritative direction to be obeyed; an order. Often used in the plural: had
instructions to be home by midnight.
b. instructions Detailed directions on procedure: read the instructions for
assembly.

in·struc'tion·al adj.

Thesaurus: Instruction
noun

1. The act, process, or art of imparting knowledge and skill: education, pedagogics,
pedagogy, schooling, teaching, training, tuition, tutelage, tutoring.
2. Known facts, ideas, and skill that have been imparted: education, erudition,
knowledge, learning, scholarship, science.
3. An authoritative indication to be obeyed. behest, bidding, charge, command,
commandment, dictate, direction, directive, injunction, mandate, order, word.

Antonyms: Instruction
n

Definition: demand, command

Antonyms: question
Requests
To endeavor to obtain (something) by expressing one's needs or desires. The
condition of being wanted or asked for; demand.

tr.v., -quest·ed, -quest·ing, -quests.

1. To express a desire for; ask for. Often used with an infinitive or clause: requested
information about the experiment; requested to see the evidence firsthand; requested
that the bus driver stop at the next corner.
2. To ask (a person) to do something: The police requested her to accompany them.

n.

1. The act of asking.

2. Something asked for.

re·quest'er n.

Idioms:
by request

1. In response to an expressed desire: We are offering these scarves for sale again by
request.

in request

1. In great demand: a pianist in great request.

on (or upon) request

1. When asked for: References are available on request.

 at someone's request
 by request
 in request
 on request
Antonyms: Request
n

Definition: question or thing asked

Antonyms: answer, reply

Definition: ask for

Antonyms: answer, reply

Invitations
n.

1. The act of inviting.

2. A spoken or written request for someone's presence or participation.
3. An allurement, enticement, or attraction.

Thesaurus: Invitation

noun

1. A spoken or written request for someone to take part or be present: bid. Informal
invite.
2. Something that attracts, especially with the promise of pleasure or reward: allurement,
bait, come-on, enticement, inducement, inveiglement, lure, seduction, temptation.

Suggestions

The process by which one thought or idea leads to another, as in the association
of ideas. The use of persuasion to implant an idea, thought, attitude, or belief in
the mind of another as a means of influencing or altering behavior or state of
mind. A proposal offered for acceptance or rejection.
n.

1. The act of suggesting.

2. Something suggested: We ordered the shrimp, a suggestion of the waiter.
3. The sequential process by which one thought or mental image leads to another.

4.
a. A psychological process by which an idea is induced in or adopted by another
without argument, command, or coercion.
b. An idea or response so induced.
5. A hint or trace: just a suggestion of makeup; the first suggestion of trouble ahead.

Thesaurus: Suggestion

noun

1. Something that is put forward for consideration: proposal, proposition, submission.

2. Something, such as a feeling, thought, or idea, associated in one's mind or imagination
with a specific person or thing: association, connection, connotation.
3. A subtle pointing out: clue, cue, hint, intimation.
4. A slight amount or indication: breath, dash, ghost, hair, hint, intimation, semblance,
shade, shadow, soupcon, streak, suspicion, taste, tinge, touch, trace, whiff, whisper.
Informal whisker.

Antonyms: Suggestion

Definition: advice, plan

Antonyms: declaration, demand, order, telling

Prohibition
n.

1. The act of prohibiting; a declaration or injunction forbidding some action; interdict.

The law of God, in the ten commandments, consists mostly of prohibitions.

2. Specifically, the forbidding by law of the sale of alcoholic liquors as beverages.

Writ of prohibition (Law), a writ issued by a superior tribunal, directed to an inferior court,
commanding the latter to cease from the prosecution of a suit depending before it.

Note: By ellipsis, prohibition is used for the writ itself.

Permission
The act of allowing or authorizing.

n.

1. The act of permitting.

2. Consent, especially formal consent; authorization.

SYNONYMS: permission, authorization, consent, leave, license, sanction. These nouns

denote approval for a course of action that is granted by one in authority: was refused
permission to smoke; seeking authorization to begin construction; gave their consent to the
marriage; will ask leave to respond to the speaker; was given license to depart; gave
sanction to the project.
ANTONYM: prohibition

Thesaurus: Permission
noun

The approving of an action, especially when done by one in authority: allowance,

approbation, approval, authorization, consent, endorsement, leave2, license, permit,
sanction.

Antonyms: Permission
n

Definition: authorization, consent

Antonyms: denial, prohibition, veto
Probability
Amount of chance something will happen.

n., pl., -ties.

1. The quality or condition of being probable; likelihood.

2. A probable situation, condition, or event: Her election is a clear probability.
3.
a. The likelihood that a given event will occur: little probability of rain tonight.
b. Statistics. A number expressing the likelihood that a specific event will occur,
expressed as the ratio of the number of actual occurrences to the number of
possible occurrences.

Idiom:
in all probability

1. Most probably; very likely.

Thesaurus: Probability
noun

The likeliness of a given event occurring: chance, likelihood, odds, possibility,

prospect (used in plural).

Antonyms: Probability
n

Definition: likelihood of something happening

Antonyms: improbability, unlikelihood

Possibility
Capability of existing or happening or being true. Possibility is the condition or
fact of being possible. The Latin origins of the word hint at ability. Possibility also
refers to something that "could happen", that is not precluded by the facts, but
usually not probable.

n..
 1. The fact or state of being possible.
2. Something that is possible.
3. possibilities Potentiality for favorable or interesting results: The idea has great
possibilities.

Thesaurus: Possibility
noun

1. The likeliness of a given event occurring: chance, likelihood, odds, probability,

prospect (used in plural).
2. Something that may occur or be done: contingency, eventuality.

Antonyms: Possibility
n

Definition: feasibility, likelihood; chance

Antonyms: impossibility, impossible, unfeasibility, unlikelihood

Obligation
A responsibility one has.

n.

1. The act of binding oneself by a social, legal, or moral tie.

2.
a. A social, legal, or moral requirement, such as a duty, contract, or promise that
compels one to follow or avoid a particular course of action.
b. A course of action imposed by society, law, or conscience by which one is
bound or restricted.
3. The constraining power of a promise, contract, law, or sense of duty.
4. Law.
a. A legal agreement stipulating a specified payment or action, especially if the
agreement also specifies a penalty for failure to comply.
b. The document containing the terms of such an agreement.
5.
a. Something owed as payment or in return for a special service or favor.
b. The service or favor for which one is indebted to another.
6. The state, fact, or feeling of being indebted to another for a special service or favor
received.

Thesaurus: Obligation
noun

1. An act or course of action that is demanded of one, as by position, custom, law, or

religion: burden, charge, commitment, duty, imperative, must, need, responsibility.
2. Something, such as money, owed by one person to another: arrearage, arrears, debt,
due, indebtedness, liability.
3. A condition of owing something to another: arrearage, arrears, indebtedness, debt,
liability.

Promises
An agreement to do or not to do something. A promise is a transaction between
two or more persons whereby the first person undertakes in the future to render
some service, gift or assurance to the others or devotes something valuable now
and here to his use.

n.

1.
a. A declaration assuring that one will or will not do something; a vow.
b. Something promised.
2. Indication of something favorable to come; expectation: a promise of spring in the
air.
3. Indication of future excellence or success: a player of great promise.

v., -ised, -is·ing, -is·es.

v.tr.

1. To commit oneself by a promise to do or give; pledge: left but promised to return.

2. To afford a basis for expecting: thunderclouds that promise rain.

v.intr.

1. To make a declaration assuring that something will or will not be done.

2. To afford a basis for expectation: an enterprise that promises well.

SYNONYMS promise, pledge, swear, vow. These verbs mean to declare solemnly that one
will follow a particular course of action: promises to write soon; pledged to uphold the law;
swore to get revenge; vowed to fight to the finish.
Thesaurus: Promise
noun

A declaration that one will or will not do a certain thing: assurance, covenant,
engagement, guarantee, guaranty, pledge, plight, solemn word, vow, warrant, word,
word of honor.

verb

1. To assume an obligation: contract, engage, pledge, undertake.

2. To guarantee by a solemn promise: covenant, pledge, plight, swear, vow. Idioms: give
one's word of honor.

Antonyms: Promise
n

Definition: hope, possibility

Antonyms: hopelessness, impossibility

Definition: one's word that something will be done

Antonyms: break, renege

Definition: bring hope, possibility

Antonyms: discourage

Definition: give word that something will be done

Antonyms: break, renege

Idioms:

• promise ill
• promise oneself
• promise the moon
• promise well
Threats
A menace; a statement of intention to harm or injure the person, property, or
rights of another. A statement of intent to do harm; menace. Also: A sign or
warning of something dangerous about to happen.

n.

1. An expression of an intention to inflict pain, injury, evil, or punishment.

2. An indication of impending danger or harm.
3. One that is regarded as a possible danger; a menace.

Thesaurus: Threat
noun

1. An expression of the intent to hurt or punish another: intimidation, menace.

2. An indication of impending danger or harm: foreboding, forewarning, thundercloud.
Idioms: gathering clouds, storm clouds.
3. One regarded as an imminent danger: menace, sword of Damocles. Idioms: clear and
present danger.

Refusals
n.

1. The act or an instance of refusing.

2. The opportunity or right to accept or reject something before it is offered elsewhere.

Thesaurus: Refusal
noun

1. A negative response: nay, no, rejection.

2. A turning down of a request: denial, disallowance, rejection, turndown.

Antonyms: Refusal
n
Definition: denial of responsibility; unwillingness
Antonyms: acceptance, approval, grant, offer, ok, sanction

Wishes
To have a longing for. Something wanted or hoped for.

n.

1. A desire, longing, or strong inclination for a specific thing.

2. An expression of a desire, longing, or strong inclination; a petition.
3. Something desired or longed for.

v., wished, wish·ing, wish·es.

v.tr.

1. To long for; want. See synonyms at desire.

2. To entertain or express wishes for; bid: He wished her good night.
3. To call or invoke upon: I wish them luck.
4. To order or entreat: I wish you to go.
5. To impose or force; foist: They wished a hard job on her.

v.intr.

1. To have or feel a desire: wish for the moon.

2. To express a wish.

wish'er n.

USAGE NOTE Wish is widely used as a polite substitute for want with infinitives:
Do you wish to sit at a table on the terrace? Anyone who wishes to may leave
now. This usage is appropriate for formal style, where it is natural to treat the
desires of others with exaggerated deference. The corresponding use of wish
with a noun-phrase object is less frequent: Anyone who wishes an aisle seat
should see an attendant. Both usages are likely to sound stilted in informal style,
however, and want may be substituted for wish. • A traditional rule requires the
use of were rather than was in a contrary-to-fact statement that follows wish: I
wish I werelighter on my feet. While many people continue to insist on upholding
this rule, the indicative was in such clauses can be found in the works of many
well-known writers.
Thesaurus: Wish
noun

A strong wanting of what promises enjoyment or pleasure: appetence, appetency,

appetite, craving, desire, hunger, itch, longing, lust, thirst, yearning, yen.

verb

1. To have the desire or inclination to: choose, desire, like1, please, want, will. Idioms:
have a mind, see fit.
2. To have a strong longing for: ache, covet, desire, hanker, long, pant, pine, want,
yearn.

Idioms: Wish
Idioms beginning with wish:
wishful thinking
wish on
if wishes were horses

 Best wishes
 wish list
 wish on
 wish to hell

Antonyms: Wish
n

Definition: desire
Antonyms: dislike, hate, hatred

Definition: desire
Antonyms: dislike, hate

Hope
To desire something to happen. Hope is a belief in a positive outcome related to
events and circumstances in one's life. Hope is the feeling that what is wanted
can be had or that events will turn out for the best.

v., hoped, hop·ing, hopes.

v.intr.

1. To wish for something with expectation of its fulfillment.

2. Archaic. To have confidence; trust.

v.tr.

1. To look forward to with confidence or expectation: We hope that our children will be
successful.
2. To expect and desire.

n.

1. A wish or desire accompanied by confident expectation of its fulfillment.

2. Something that is hoped for or desired: Success is our hope.
3. One that is a source of or reason for hope: the team's only hope for victory.
4. often Hope Christianity. The theological virtue defined as the desire and search for a
future good, difficult but not impossible to attain with God's help.
5. Archaic. Trust; confidence.

idiom:

hope against hope

1. To hope with little reason or justification.

Idioms: Hope
Idioms beginning with hope:
hope against hope
hope springs eternal
great white hope

in hopes of

live in (hope of)

not a hope in hell

pin one's hopes on

while there's life, there's hope

Idioms:

• beyond hope
• get one's hopes up
• hope against hope
• hope chest
• hope for the best
• hope springs eternal
• hope to hell
• in the hope
• live in hope
• not a hope
• not a hope in hell

Antonyms: Hope

Definition: longing; dream

Antonyms: despair, disbelief, discouragement, hopelessness, pessimism

Definition: long for, dream about

Antonyms: despair, disbelieve, fear

Comparisons
Examining resemblances or differences; Qualities that are comparable; Relation
based on similarities and differences.

n.

1.
a. The act of comparing or the process of being compared.
b. A statement or estimate of similarities and differences.
2. The quality of being similar or equivalent; likeness: no comparison between the two
books.

3. Grammar. The modification or inflection of an adjective or adverb to denote the

positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, as in English, along with the equative
degree in certain other languages, such as Irish Gaelic.
Thesaurus: Comparison
noun

The quality or state of being alike: affinity, alikeness, analogy, correspondence,

likeness, parallelism, resemblance, similarity, similitude, uniformity, uniformness.

Antonyms: Comparison
n

Definition: contrast
Antonyms: difference, dissimilarity

Idioms:

• bear/stand comparison with

• by/in comparison
• in comparison with

Preference
Favor shown to one over another.

n.

1.
a. The selecting of someone or something over another or others.
b. The right or chance to so choose.
c. Someone or something so chosen.
2. The state of being preferred.
3. Law.
a. A priority of payment given to one or more creditors by an insolvent debtor.
b. The right of a creditor to priority of payment.
4. The granting of precedence or advantage to one country or group of countries in
levying duties or in other matters of international trade.

Thesaurus: Preference
noun

1. The act of choosing: choice, election, option, selection.

2. Favorable or preferential bias: favor, favoritism, partiality, partialness.
3. A liking for something: appetite, fondness, partiality, relish, taste, weakness.

Antonyms: Preference
n

Definition: favorable treatment

Antonyms: disfavor, equality, rejection

Definition: first choice

Antonyms: dislike, hate, hatred, last choice, rejection

Idioms:

• give preference to
• in preference to
• preference shares

Purpose
Aim or goal. The reason or use for something. Purpose is the intent behind an
action being done, an object existing or being made or used. Purpose can be
synonymous with the goal or the intended result of an action.

n.

1. The object toward which one strives or for which something exists; an aim or a goal
2. A result or effect that is intended or desired; an intention.
3. Determination; resolution: He was a man of purpose.
4. The matter at hand; the point at issue.

tr.v., -posed, -pos·ing, -pos·es.

To intend or resolve to perform or accomplish.

Idioms:
on purpose

1. Intentionally; deliberately.

to good purpose

1. With good results.

to little (or no) purpose

1. With few or no results.

idioms:

• for all practical purposes

• on purpose
• to little purpose
• to no purpose
• to the purpose

Thesaurus: Purpose
noun

1. The proper activity of a person or thing: function, job, role, task.

2. What one intends to do or achieve: aim, ambition, design, end, goal, intent, intention,
mark, meaning, object, objective, point, target, view, why. Idioms: end in view, why
and wherefore.
3. Unwavering firmness of character, action, or will: decidedness, decision,
decisiveness, determination, firmness, purposefulness, resoluteness, resolution,
resolve, toughness, will, willpower.

verb

To have in mind as a goal or purpose: aim, contemplate, design, intend, mean, plan,
project, propose, target

Result
Something that comes about as an effect or end.

intr.v., -sult·ed, -sult·ing, -sults.

1. To come about as a consequence.

2. To end in a particular way: Their profligate lifestyle resulted in bankruptcy.

n.

1.
a. The consequence of a particular action, operation, or course; an outcome.
b. A favorable or concrete outcome or effect. Often used in the plural: started
studying and got immediate results.
2. Mathematics. The quantity or expression obtained by calculation.

re·sult'ful adj.
re·sult'ful·ness n.
re·sult'less adj.

Thesaurus: Result
verb

To occur as a consequence: attend, ensue, follow.

phrasal verb - result in

To be the cause of: bring, bring about, bring on, cause, effect, effectuate, generate,
induce, ingenerate, lead to, make, occasion, secure, set off, stir (up), touch off, trigger.
Idioms: bring topasseffect, give rise to, start/end.

noun

1. Something brought about by a cause: aftermath, consequence, corollary, effect, end

product, event, fruit, harvest, issue, outcome, precipitate, ramification, resultant,
sequel, sequence, sequent, upshot.
2. Something worked out to explain, resolve, or provide a method for dealing with and
settling a problem: answer, determination, solution.

Antonyms: Result
n

Definition: effect brought about by something

Antonyms: cause, source

Definition: happen, develop

Antonyms: cause

Concessions
n.

1. The act of conceding.

2.
a. Something, such as a point previously claimed in argument, that is later
conceded.
b. An acknowledgment or admission.
3. A grant of a tract of land made by a government or other controlling authority in
return for stipulated services or a promise that the land will be used for a specific
purpose.
4.
a. The privilege of maintaining a subsidiary business within certain premises.
b. The space allotted for such a business.
c. The business itself: had an ice-cream concession in the subway station.

Thesaurus: Concession
noun

An accommodation made in the light of special or extenuating circumstances:

allowance.

Antonyms: Concession

Definition: yielding, adjustment

Antonyms: denial, difference, disagreement, disputation, fighting, protest, refusal,
repudiation

Condition

The way something or someone is; its state.

Condition can refer to:

• A state of being.
• Living condition, see Quality of life.
• In health, a disease, such as a heart condition, as in Medical condition.
• A proposition upon which another proposition depends, such as "if-then" statements.
See logical conditional.
o necessary and sufficient condition
• To cause a certain response to a stimulus, see conditioning.
• To replace moisture or oils, especially in hair, see conditioner.
• To change climate to an appropriate level, see air conditioning.
• A status effect which is usually negative, see Condition (computer gaming).
• A state which is induced in the subject of a psychological experiment, see condition
(experimental psychology).
• The Condition number, a measure of a matrix in digital computation.
• In contract law, part of Covenants, conditions and restrictions, an indispensable
condition; in Latin, Conditio sine qua non.[1]
• In criminal law, a necessary part of probation or parole, often called a conditional
sentence.
• In computer programming, conditions, a generalization of exceptions

n.

1. A mode or state of being

2.
a. A state of health.
b. A state of readiness or physical fitness.
3. A disease or physical ailment: a heart condition.
4. Social position; rank.
5. One that is indispensable to the appearance or occurrence of another; prerequisite:
Compatibility is a condition of a successful marriage.
6. One that restricts or modifies another; a qualification.
7. conditions Existing circumstances: Conditions in the office made concentration
impossible.
8. Grammar. The dependent clause of a conditional sentence; protasis.
9. Logic. A proposition on which another proposition depends; the antecedent of a
conditional proposition.
10. Law.
a. A provision making the effect of a legal instrument contingent on the
occurrence of an uncertain future event.
b. The event itself.
11. An unsatisfactory grade given to a student, serving notice that deficiencies can be
made up by the completion of additional work.
12. Obsolete. Disposition; temperament.

tr.v., -tioned, -tion·ing, -tions.

1. To make dependent on a condition or conditions.

2. To stipulate as a condition.
 3. To render fit for work or use.
4. To accustom (oneself or another) to; adapt: had to condition herself to long hours of
hard work; conditioned the troops to marches at high altitudes.
5. To air-condition.
6. To give the unsatisfactory grade of condition to.
7. Psychology. To cause an organism to respond in a specific manner to a conditioned
stimulus in the absence of an unconditioned stimulus.
8. To replace moisture or oils in (hair, for example) by use of a therapeutic product.

Thesaurus: Condition
noun

1. Manner of being or form of existence: mode, situation, state, status.

2. A state of sound readiness: fettle, fitness, form, kilter, order, shape, trim.
3. Something indispensable: essential, must, necessity, need, precondition, prerequisite,
requirement, requisite, sine qua non.
4. A restricting or modifying element: provision, proviso, qualification, reservation,
specification, stipulation, term (often used in plural). Informal string (often used in
plural).
5. Existing surroundings that affect an activity. circumstance (often used in plural),
environment.

verb

To make familiar through constant practice or use: accustom, habituate, inure, wont.

Idioms:

• conditioned reflex
• in condition
• in no condition to
• on condition that
• on no condition
• out of condition

Suppositions
Meaning #1: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence
Synonyms: guess, conjecture, surmise, surmisal, speculation, hypothesis

Meaning #2: a hypothesis that is taken for granted

Synonyms: assumption, supposal

Meaning #3: the cognitive process of supposing

Synonym: supposal
n.

1. The act of supposing.

2. Something supposed; an assumption.

Thesaurus: Supposition
noun

1. A judgment, estimate, or opinion arrived at by guessing: conjecture, guess,

guesswork, speculation, surmise.
2. Something taken to be true without proof: assumption, postulate, postulation, premise,
presupposition, theory, thesis.

Antonyms: Supposition
n

Definition: guess, belief

Antonyms: fact, knowledge, proof, reality