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Ways of Testing:

There are two ways of Testing


1.Manual Testing
2.Automation Testing
1.Manual Testing:
It is a way of testing in which one will perform all the phases of software testing life cycle like Test
planning, Test development, Test execution, Result analysis, Bug tracking, and Reporting are
accomplished manually, successfully with human efforts
Drawbacks of Manual Testing:
More number of people are required
Time consuming
Human mistakes (no accuracy)
Tiredness
Simultaneous action are not possible
Cannot repeat the same task again and again in a perfect manner.
2.Automation Testing:
Automation testing is a process in which all the drawbacks of manual testing are addressed properly
and provides speed and accuracy to the existing testing process.
Drawbacks of Automation Testing:
Tools are expensive
Cannot automate all the area
Lack of experts
Automated Tool:
Automated tool is an assistant of a test engineer, which works based on the instructions and
information given by a test engineer.

General Frame Work to learn any automated Tool:
A test engineer should learn the following to work with any automated tool

How to give the instructions?
Hoe to give the information?
How to use its recording facility?
Hoe to use its play back facility?
How to analyze the results?

Types of Automated Tools:
A black box testing tools are broadly divided in to Three types
1. Functional tools (QTP, Win runner)
2. Management Tools (Test Director/Quality Center)
3. Performance tools (Load Runner)

QTP (Quick Test Professional)

Type Of The Tool: Functional Tool
Company: Mercury Interactive incorporation
Scripting Language: VB- Script
Version: #5.5,#6.5,#7.0,#7.6,#8.0,#8.2(2005),#9.0,#9.1,#9.2

Anatomy of QTP:











Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(ename).set Sri Balaji
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(eage).set27
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(esal).set20000
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(edeisig).setTE
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(submit).set click.



VbWindow("VbWindow").VbEdit("VbEdit").Set "10"
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbEdit("VbEdit_2").Set "20"
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("ADD").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("SUB").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("MUL").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("DIV").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("CLEAR").Click

Adding Manager:
Adding manager is a feature provided by QTP which is used for showing all the list of addings while
opening the QTP so that the user can select the desired addings and then enter in to the QTP, Before
the user access the QTP the adding manager will make the QTP compatible with all the selected
environments.
By default QTP is always compatible with standard windows environment.
Whenever we purchase QTP we get Three built-in addings.
1.Activex
2.Visual Basic
3.Web.
A part from the above add-ins one needs to purchase the add-inns by paying extra cost.

QTP screen can be divided in to five parts
1.Test Pane
2.Active screen
3.Data Table
4.Debug Viewer Pane
5.Tool Options

1.Test Pane:
Test pane is an area provided by QTP, which is used for developing, viewing, and modifying the test
screen. It represents the test scripts in two views
(a). Expert view
(b). Key word view
(a). Expert view: It represents the script in VB script format
(b). Keyword view: Keyword view represents the script using a graphical user interface (GUI) which is
further divided in to four parts.
Item
OperationValue
Documentation
2.Active Screen:
Active screen is an area provided by QTP, which holds the snapshots of each and every script
statements and used for the following.
Easily understanding the script
Easily enhancing the script.

3.Data-Table:
The date table is originally called as formula1 sheet developed by third party and integrated with QTP.
Features:
It is used for holding the test data
It isolates the test script from the data source.
It provides the facility to import the test data from different data sources like excel files, data base
and flat files (a file with out having format)
It allows the user to interact with the data directly

Note: QTP maintains two copies of data tables
i. Design time data table
ii. Run time data table

4. Debug Viewer Pane:
Definition of Debugging: Debugging Is a process of executing the script or a program in a user desired
passion with some temporary breaks in order to identify the errors.
Debug viewer pane is an area provided by QTP which is used for viewing, modifying or setting the
current values of variables or expressions during the execution break with the help of three Tabs by
name Watch expression, Variables and Command

5.Tool- Options:
All the options available in the menu bar, file tool bar and testing tool bar are known as tool-options.


RECORDING AND RUNNING

Record and Run Settings:
For every new test one has to compulsorily do this settings before recording or running. These settings
will make to understand on which applications it need to concentrate while recording or running.

Navigation:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option record and run settings
Select one of the following options
Record and run test on any opened windows based application
Record and run on these application (opened on session start)
If at all second option is selected then click on add button
Browse the desired application part
Click on OK
Click on apply & OK.

Operational overview of Recording:
During recording QTP will do the following..
1. It will generate corresponding script statements for every user action on the application.
2. It will store the required related information in the object repository.
Operational overview of Running:
During running QTP will doing the following..
1. It will read the script statement and understands what action to be performed on which object.
2. Then it realizes it need to identify the object first to perform the action
3. To identify the object it requires some information for that information it will go the object
repository and search.
4. Once the information is found using this information it will try to identify the original object.
5. Once the object is identified it will perform the action on it.

Recording Modes:
There are there types of recording mode
(a). Context sensitive recording mode or Normal recording mode
(b). Analog Recording Mode
(c). Low-level Recording mode.

(a). Context sensitive Recording mode:
It is used for recording the operations performed on the standard GUI object in different situations

(b). Analog Recording Mode:
It is a special recording mode provided by QTP, which is used for recording the continuous operations

Navigation:
Keep the tool under normal recording mode
Activate the menu item test
Select the option analog recording
Select one of the following option
o Record relative to the screen
o Record relative to the following window
If at all second option is selected specify the window title with the help of the Hand Icon
Click on start analog record

(c). Low-Level Recording:
It is a special recording mode provided by QTP, which is used for recording at least some minimum
operations on the non-supported environments also.


OBJECT REPOSITORY


Object Repository:
Object repository is a storage place where one can store the objects information and it also acts as
interface between the test script and the AUT(application under test) in order to identify the original
objects during execution

Types of Object Repository:
There are two types of object repository they are
1. Per-Action Repository
2. Shared Repository
(1). Per-Action Repository:
If at all this type is selected as an object repository then the QTP will be automatically creating and
managing an individual repository for every action.
(2). Shared Repository:
Shared repository has to be created and managed manually once a shared repository to created it can
be shared among number of tests

Advantages:
Easy to maintain
Re-usability

Navigation for creating a shared Repository or Converting a per action in to shared:
Collect the objects information in to the object repository
Click on export
Browse the desired location
Specify the file name with .TSR extension
Click on save button

Navigation for Creating the Shared Repository to the currant test:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option settings
Select the resources tab
Select the option shared in the object repository type section
Browse the desired repository file
Click on apply & OK

Note: .TSR means Test Shared Repository


OPERATIONS ON OBJECT REPOSITORY

Navigation for adding the objects in to the object repository:

Open the object repository
Click on add objects button
Click on the title bar of the window
Click on ok
Select one of the following options
o Only the selected objects
o Selected objects and all its direct children
o Selected objects and all its descendents
Click on OK

Navigation for deleting the objects form the object repository:
Select the desired object to be deleted in the object hierarchy
Right click on it
Select the option delete
Confirm the deleting by clicking on

Navigation for Re naming the objects:
Select the desired object in the object hierarchy
Right click on it
Select the option Rename
Specify the desired name

Navigation for updating the properties list:
Select the desired object in the object hierarchy
Click on add/Remove button
Select the desired properties to be added in to the properties list
Deselect the properties to be removed from the properties list
Click on OK

Highlight:
Highlight button is used for highlighting the corresponding object in the AUT so that a test engineer can
clearly understand which objects information is that.


OBJECT IDENTIFICATION


Object identification:
Object identification is based on four types of properties and an ordinal identifier

Types of properties:
1. Mandatory Properties
2. Assistive properties
3. Base-Filter Properties
4. Optional Filter properties
A test engineer can specify the list of mandatory properties, List of assistive properties, List of base
filter properties, list of ordinal filter properties and an ordinal identifier.

QTP learns the information in the following in case only normal brain:
First of all the QTP will learn all the mandatory properties at a time and then think weather these
properties are sufficient to identify the object uniquely. If it feels sufficient then it will stop learning
otherwise it will learn the first assistive property and once again stops and thinks weather these
properties are sufficient to identify the object uniquely. If it feels sufficient then it stops learning
otherwise learns the second assistive property and checks weather these properties are sufficient or
not. This process continuous till the QTP satisfies or up to the end of the assistive properties list. At
the end of the assistive properties list also if it feels not satisfied then it will finally learn the ordinal
identifier and stops learning.

QTP learns the information in the following way in case of smart brain also:
While learning the mandatory properties along with them it will learn the base filter properties,
optional filter properties and stores them in the secret place.
It considers the mandatory properties only and check weather these properties are sufficient to
identify the object uniquely. and repeats the above process.

Note: In the above learning process except base filter properties and optional filter properties all the
remaining information learnt will be stored in the object repository.

QTP will use the information in the following way to identify the object during execution:
First of all QTP will use all the properties present in the object repository except ordinal identifier and
try to identify the object. If at all the object is not identified then it will forget about all these
properties and freshly enters in to the secret place.
QTP will consider all the base filter properties and try to identify the object and forms a list of all the
objects that are matched with the base filter properties.
If the list contains only one object then that is the object otherwise it will take the support of first
optional filter property and try to match with all the object present in the list and forms a new list of
all the objects that are matched with that property and then check weather the list is containing one
object or more that one object. If the list is containing more than one object then it will consider the
second optional filter property and repeats the whole procedure till the list contains on object or up to
the end of the optional properties list.
At the end of the optional filter properties list also if the list is containing more than one object then it
will finally go to the object repository and check weather the ordinal identifier is available or not. If at
all the ordinal identifier is available it will identify the object roughly using that otherwise HANDSUP.

Ordinal Identifiers:
There are three types of ordinal identifiers
1.Location
2.Index
3.Creation time

1.Location:
If at all the location is selected, as an ordinal identifier then the QTP will generate a sequence of
numbers from 0,1,2,3 based on the sequence of the objects located in AUT.

2.Index:
If at all the index is selected as an ordinal identifier than the QTP will generate the numbers from
0,1,2,3. Based ob the sequence of the programs of the objects.

3.Creation Time (specially for web pages):
If at all creation time is selected as an ordinal identifier the QTP will generate the number from
0,1,2,3, based on the loading time of the web pages

Smart Identification:
When ever the QTP is unable to identify the objects with the help of the properties present in the
object repository then the special mechanism provided by QTP to identify the object smartly with some
other properties is known as smart identification.

Navigation for Object identification Configuration:

Activate the menu item tools
Select the option object identification
Select the desired environment
Select the desired object type
Specify the desired list of mandatory properties and assistive properties with the help of
corresponding add/ remove buttons
Select the ordinal identifier
Smart identification
Select the check box enable smart identification
Click on configure button
Specify the desired list of base filter properties and optional filter properties with the help of
add/remove buttons
Click on OK
Click once again on Ok

Object Spy:
Object spy is a handy feature provided by QTP which is used for showing the complete objects
information like list of properties and their values, list of methodology, syntax for methodology and
description of methods then and there on the spot immediately of both test objects as well as runtime
objects.
Navigation for Object SPY:

Activate the menu item tools
Select the option object spy
Click on the hand icon
Click on the desired object
Types Of Objects:
There are two types of objects 1.Run time objects
2.Test objects

1.Run time objects:
All the original objects present in the AUT are known as run time objects

2.Test Objects:
Test objects are the reference objects created by the QTP for run time objects, stored in object
repository and used by the QTP for the original objects
















QTP LIFE CYCLE


QTP life cycle contains Six phases
I. Test planning
II. Generating the basic test
III. Enhancing the test
IV. Debugging the test
V. Executing the test
VI. Analysis the Results

I. Test Planning:
In this phase the automation test lead will do the following
1. Under standing the requirements
2. Identifying all the areas to be automated
3. Analyzing both the negative and positive flow of the application
4. Preparing the automation test plan document based on the analysis
5. Preparing the tool ready with all the pre configurational settings for the further operations
II. Generating the basic test:
In this phase the automation test engineer will generate the basic test engineer will generate the basic
test for both the +ve and ve flow of the application
IIII. Enhancing the Test:
One can enhance the script in the following ways
1. Inserting the check points
2. Synchronizing the test
3. Parameterising the test (Data Driven Testing)
4. Inserting the out put value statements
5. Inserting the transactional points for measuring transactions
6. Inserting the programmatic statements
7. Adding comments
8. Inserting the script statement manually

1.Check Point:
Checkpoint is defined as validation pointer test point which checks the objects state or bitmap state or
data state during execution at any point of time

Operational over view of checkpoint:
Checkpoint works in two phases

i. Pre-execution Phase:
It captures the expected value
Generates the corresponding test script statement
ii. While-execution phase:
It captures the actual value
Compared the actual value with the expected value
Displays the result

Types Of Checkpoints:

a. Standard checkpoints
b. Bitmap checkpoint
c. Text checkpoint
d. Text area checkpoint
e. Data base checkpoint
f. XML checkpoint
g. Page checkpoint
h. Table checkpoint
i. Image checkpoint
j. Accessibility checkpoint


a. Standard Checkpoints:

Standard checkpoint is used for checking the standard GUI objects properties value, it can be inserted
in two ways

i. Through application
ii. Through Active Screen

Navigation through application:

Keep the cursor in the desired location
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Go to checkpoint
Select the option standard checkpoint
Click on the desired object in the AUT
Click on OK
Select the desired properties to be checked
Specify the desired expected values
Click on OK
Stop Recording

Navigation through active screen:

Keep the cursor on the desired statement so that the corresponding snapshot is displayed in the
active screen
Go to active screen right click on the desired object
Select the option insert standard check point
Click on OK
Select the desired properties to be checked
Specify the desired expected values
Select one of the following options
Select one of the following options
o Before current step
o After current step
o Click on OK

(b) Bitmap checkpoints:
Bitmap checkpoint is used for checking the complete bitmap or apart of a bitmap. It can be inserted in
two ways
i. Through application
ii. Through Active Screen

Navigation through application:
Keep the cursor in the desired location of the screen
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Select the option bitmap check point
Click on the desired bitmap
Click on OK
If at all one need select a part of bitmap then select it using the select area button
If at all one need save only the selected part then select the check box save only selected area
Click on OK

Navigation Through Application:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement so that the corresponding is displayed in the active screen
Go to the active screen
Right click on the bit map
Select the option insert bitmap check point
Click on OK
If at all one need to select a part of bitmap then select it using select area button
IF alt all one need to save only the selected part select the check box save only selected area
Select one of the following option
o Before currant step
o After currant step
Click on OK

(C). Text Checkpoint:
Text checkpoint is used for checking the text present on a specified object. It can be inserted in two
ways
i. Through application
ii. Through Active

Navigation through application:
Keep the cursor in the desired location of the screen
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Click on check point
Click on text checkpoint
Click on the desired text
Select the following option
o Match case
o Exact match
o Ignore space
o Text not displayed
Click on OK

Navigation through Active Screen:
Keep the cursor on the desired location so that the corresponding snapshot is available in the active
screen
Right Click on the desired position
Click on insert text checkpoint
Click on desired text
Select the following option
o Match case
o Exact match
o Ignore space
Text not displayed
Click on ok

(d) Text Area Check Point:
Test area checkpoint is used for checking the test presenting a specified area. It can be inserted only
through the application but not through the active screen

Navigation through application:

Keep the cursor on the desired location of the screen
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Select the opinion text area checkpoint
Select the exact area through cross hair pointers
Choose the following options
o Match case
o Exact match
o Ignore space
o Text not displayed
Click on OK
Stop Recording

(e) Data Base Checkpoint:
Data base check point is used for checking the contents of the data base

Navigation:
Activate menu item insert
Go to check point
Select the option data base checkpoint
Select the option specify AQL statement manually
Click on meet
Click on create
Click on new
Select the desired driver
Slick on next
Click on finish
Click on select
Select the desired database
Click on ok
Click on ok
Click on ok
Specify the designed query statement
Click on finish
Select the desired contents to be checked
Select one of the following option
o Before current step
o After current step
Click on ok


(f) XML Check Point:
XML is an universally understandable language which is mainly used for data information
Note: XML check point is used fro checking the contents of an XML file

Navigation:
Activate the menu item insert go to check point
Select the option XML check point
Browse the desired XML file
Click on OK
Select the desired contents to de checked
Select one of the following option
o Before current step
o After current step
Click on OK
(g) Table Check Point:
This is used for checking the contents of a table
Navigation:
Keep the cursor on the desired statements, so that the corresponding page will be displayed in the
active screen
Go to active screen
Right click on the page
Select the option, Insert standard check point
Select the desired table in the object hierarchy
Click on ok
Select the desired properties to be checked
Select one of the following option
o Before currant step
o After currant step

Click on ok



(h) Image Check Point:
This is used for checking the properties of an image
Navigation:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement, so that the corresponding page will be displayed in the
active screen
Go to the active screen
Right click on the page
Select desired image in the object hierarchy
Click on ok
Select on ok
Select the desired properties to be checked
Select the one of the properties to be checked
o Before currant step
o After currant step
Click on ok


(i) Accessibility Check point:
Accessibility check point is used for checking the w3c standards( for web consortium standards) in
order to confirm weather the page can be accessed all over the world or not

Navigation:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement sot heat the corresponding page is displayed in the active
screen
Go to the active screen
Right click on the page
Select one of the following options
o Before currant step
o After currant step
Click on ok

2.Synchroniztion:
Synchronization is a process of matching the speeds of both the tool and the application in order to
keep them in sync with each other to obtain proper testing results
Here the main concept is making the tool to wait till the application finishes its work it can be done in
three ways
1. Inserting the synchronization point
2. Increasing the default time
3. Inserting the wait statement
Navigation for inserting the synchronization point:

Keep the cursor in the desired location
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Go to step select the option sync point
Click on desired object
Click on ok
Select the desired property
Specify the desired property value
Specify desired extra time
Click on ok
Stop recording
In order to avoid above navigation one can directly type the statement in the desired location with the
following syntax:
SYNTAX: Object hierarchy. Wait property Property name property value, extra time in milliseconds
Example: Window (flight reservation).win button(delete order).wait
propertyenabled,true,17000

Navigation for increasing the default time:-
Activate the menu item test
Select the option settings
Select the run tab
Specify the desired time in milliseconds in the object synchronization time out field
Click on apply and ok

Syntax for Wait Statement:
Wait (time in seconds)
Example: Wait (17)

Data Driven Testing: -
Data driven testing is a concept introduced in the automation in order to implement re- testing
Steps to be followed to perform data driven testing:
Collect the test data in to the data table
Generate the basic test
Parameterize the test
Execute the Test
Analyze the result
Parameterization:
Parameterization is a process of replacing the constant values with parameters or variables in order to
increase the scope of the test. Parameterize can be done in three ways
1.Through data driver wizard
2.Through key word view
3.Manually

Navigation Through Data Driver Wizard:
Activate the menu item tools
Select the option data driver
Click on parameterize
Click on next
Click on the parameter option button
Select the desired column name
Click on ok
Click on next
Click on finish
Finally click on ok

Navigation Through Key word view:
Go to key word view
Select the desited constant value
Click on configure the value button
Select the option parameter
Select the desired column name
Click on ok

To avoid the above navigation one can directly type manually as follows:

A= datatable(v1,1)
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(val1).set A
Vbwindow (form1).vbedit(val2).set datatable(v2,1)
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(Add).Click
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(res).check checkpoint(RES)

Navigation for parameter zing the check point:
Right click on the check point statement
Select the option check point properties
Select the option parameter
Click on the parameter options button
Select the desired column name
Click on ok
Once again click on ok

4.OUT PUT VALUE: -
Out put value is a feature provided by QTP, which is used for capturing a value from an application or
from a database or from a XML file and stores it under specified column in the runtime data table

Operational overview of out put value: -
The out put value feature works in two phases
1. Pre-Execution Phase
2. While Execution Phase
1.Pre-Execution phase:
It will capture the field name from which it need to capture the value
It will generate the corresponding script
2.While-Execution phase:
Captures the actual value from the field
Stores it under a specified column in the run time data table

Types of Out Put Values:
There are five types of out put values


1.Standard Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing property value of a standard GUI object
2.Text Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing the text present on a specified object
3.Text-Area Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing the Text present in a specified area
4.Data Base Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing a value from the database
5.XML Out put Value: - It is used for capturing a value from the XML file


Navigation for Standard Out put value through application:
Keep the cursor in the desired location
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Go to out put value
Select the option standard out put value
Click on the desired object in the AUT
Click on OK
Select the desired property to be captured
Click on modify
Specify the desired column name
Click on Ok
Once again click on ok
Stop recording

Navigation For standard check point through Active Screen

Keep the cursor under the desired location
Click on active screen
Right click on desired location
Click on insert output value
Click on ok
Select the desired property
Click on modify
Specify the desired column name
Click on ok
Once again click on ok.

5.Inserting the transaction points for measuring the transaction: -

It is a concept introduced in QTP which is used for calculating the time taken by an application to
perform a specific task or the execution time of a block of statement
To do the same QTP has provided two options
1.Start transaction
2.End transaction
Navigation for inserting transaction points:
Keep the cursor in the desired location
Activate the menu item insert
Select the option start transaction
Specify the transaction name
Select one of the following option
o Before currant step
o After currant step
Click on ok

To avoid the above navigation one can directly type the following statements manually in the desired
location
Services.start transaction transaction name
-----------------------------------
-----------------------------------
------------------------------------
Services.end transaction transaction name

6.Inserting the Programmatic statements: -

There are five types of programmatic statements in the V.B script
1.Normal statements (or) Object calls
2.Conditional statements
3.Looping statements
4.Comments
5.Utility statements

Reporter utility object: -

It is used for reporting an user defined message to the result window

SYNTAX: Reporter.reportevent status,object name,message
Example:Reporter.reporevent micdone,my report,add button is working fine.

Status:
Pass 0
Fail 1
Done 2
Warning 3

IV. Debugging The Test:

Debugging:
Debugging is a process of executing the script or aprogram in a user desired passion with some
temporary breaks in order to identify the errors
To do the same QTP has provided step commands and break point feature.

Step commands: -
There are three step commands
1.Step into
2.Step Out
3.Step over

1.Step into:
Step into is used for executing a single statement then it will step in to the function or action and stops
the execution.
2.Step Out:
Step out is used for executing all the remaining statements from the position of pointer in the function
of the action and comes out of the function or action and stops execution
3.Step Over:
Step over is used for executing the single statement if that statement is a function call or action call
then it will execute all the statements in side the function or action once and stops the execution

Break Point:
Break point is the feature provided by QTP, which is used for breaking the execution temporarily

Navigation:
Activate the menu item debug
Select the desired option

Example
Function my func( )
Msg box Hai
Msg box hellow
Msg box How r u
End function

My func
Msg box bye
My func
Msg boxsee u
My func
Msg welcome


Debug viewer Pane:
Debug viewer pane is used for viewing, modifying or setting the currant value of the variables or
expressions during the execution break with the help of three tabs by name
1.watch expressions
2.Variables
3.Command
Dim a
A= 10
B= 20
Msg box a
Msg box b
Msg box a

V. Executing the Test:
In this phase one will execute the test

VI. Analyzing the results:
In this phase one will analyze the results..





















*******************************End Of QTP Life Cycle**************************************************

















ADVANCED CONCEPTS

Regular Expressions: -
When ever the QTP is unable to identify the objects due to the regular changes in the objects
properties values dynamically during the execution then to overcome this problem one need to replace
the corresponding property value in the object repository with a suitable regular expression

Navigation:
Open the object repository
Select the desired object in the object hierarchy
Select the desired property in the properties list
Click on the constant value options button
Replace the constant value with suitable regular expression
Select the check box regular expression
Click on ok
Click on ok

Batch Testing Or Batch execution: -
Executing a group of script files at a time is known as batch execution. To do the same QTP has
provided a special tool by name test batch runner
Before using the test batch runner one need to do the following settings in QTP
Activate the menu item tools
Select the opt option
Select the run tab
Select the check box allow other mercury products to run tests and components
Click on ok

Navigation for test batch runner:

Start ProgramsQuick test ProfessionalToolsTest batch runner
Once the test batch runner is opened add all the desired script files and save it as a batch file with
.mtb extension

When ever required open the batch file and execute it




Recovery Scenarios:
During the execution QTP may face some problematic situation where in it needs to recover by itself
and continue the execution. To do the same a test engineer would have defined a solution well in
advance and made it available to the currant test before starting the execution.
QTP may face four types of problematic situations
1.Problems related to pop-up window
2.Problems related to object state
3.Problems related to test execution
4.Problems related to application crash

To define the solution for the above problems QTP has provided four trigger events
1.Pop up window
2.Object state
3.Test run error
4.Application crash

Navigation for object test:
Activate the menu item tools
Select the option recovery scenario manager
Click on new scenario button
Click on next
Select the trigger event as object state
Click on next
Clixk on next
Click on the hand icon
Click on the desired object in the AUT
Click on ok
Click on next
Specify the desired properties with the help of add/remove button
Click on next
Once again click on next
Select the recovery operation as function call
Click on next
Browse the desired library file
Select the option define new function
Specify the desired function name
Write the body of the function
Click on next
Deselect the check box add another recovery operation
Click on next
Specify the desired scenario name
Click on next
Select the desired check boxes
o Add scenario to the currant test
o Ass scenario to default test settings
Click on finish
Click on save
Browse the desired location and save the file by specifying a file name with .QRS extension
Click on close
Environment Variables:
The variables that may be varied in different environments and need to be used in the multiple scripts,
should not be directly used in the scripts. They need to be declare separately in an environment file
that file need to be associated to the test and then the variables in that file need to be used in those
test so that when ever the values need to be updated in different environments one can update them
very easily in the environment

So all the tests using those variables will be automatically updated such kind of variables separately
declared in the environment file are known as environment variables
There are two types of environment variables
1.Built in variables
2.User defined variables

1.Built in variables:
These variables will be by default available with all the tests so that on can directly use them in any
test with the following syntax

SYNTAX: environment.value(built invariable name)
Example: var = environment.value(05)
Msg box var

2.User defined variables:
These variables need to e declared by us according tour need and need to be stored in a separate
environment file. Whenever required one need to associate these files to the currant test and use
those variables

Navigation for creating an environment file with environment variables:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option settings
Select the environment tab
Select the variable type as user defined
Click on new
Specify the variable name and the value
Click on ok
Click on export
Browse the desired location
Specify the desired file name with .XML extension
Click on save



To avoid the above navigation one can directly develop the XML file as follows






flight path
d:\program files\mercury


b
203



Navigation for associating an environment file to the currant test:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option settings
Select the environment tab
Select the variable types as user defined
Select the check box load variables and value from ecternal files
Browse the path of the environment file
Click on apply and ok
In order to avoid the above navigation one can directly type the following script statement in the
starting of the script

Syntax: environment. Load from file path of the env file

Example: environment. Load from filed:\envfile122.xml invoke application environment.
Value(flight Path)

Virtual object configuration:

Virtual object configuration is a process of making the QTP t treat a specified area or an user defined
object as a specific object

Navigation:
Activate the menu item tools
Go to virtual objects
Select the option new virtual object
Click on next
Specify the desired class(type) of the object
Click on next
Mark the area in the application with the help of mark object button
Click on next
Select one of the following options
o Entire parent hierarchy
o Parent only
Click on next
Specify the desired object name
Specify the desired collection name
Click on finish

Virtual object manager:
Virtual object manager is a feature provided by QTP which is used for creating and managing the
virtual objects

Once a virtual object is created it will be available to all the tests unless until we delete it.

Framework:
Framework is a generic work (outline work) or a set of guidelines designed by an expert to perform a
task in an effective, efficient and optimized way

Types of frame works: - (Mainly)
1. Linear frame work
2. Modular frame work
3. Key-word driven frame work
4. Hybrid frame work
5. Data frame work

1.Linear Framework
Generate the basic test
Enhance the test
Debug the test
Execute the test
Analyze the test
2.Modular Framework:
Develop the individual components for each and every task
Make them as reusable components
Prepare the required drivers based on the end to end scenarios
Execute the drivers
Analyze the result

Actions
ACTIONS: Action is a set of script statements used for performing a specific task
Types of Actions:
There are three types of actions
1.Normal actions
2.Re-usable actions
3.External actions
Note: External actions are not editable .The re-usable actions called in another test are known as
external actions

Operations On Actions:

Navigation for inserting a new action:
Activate the menu item insert
Select the option call to new action
Rename the desired action
Select the one of the following options
o At the end of the test
o After the currant step
Click on ok
Navigation for splitting an action in to two actions:
Save the action
Keep the cursor on the first statement of the second path
Activate the menu item step
Select the option split action
Select one of the following options
o Independent of each other
o Nested
Specify the desired action name
Click on ok

Navigation for making an action as reusable action:
Select the desired action
Activate the menu item step
Select the option action properties
Select the check box reusable action
Click on ok
Navigation for renaming the action:
Activate the menu item step
Select the option action properties
Specify the desired name
Click on ok
Navigation for calling on existing action:
Activate the menu item insert
Select the option call to existing action
Browse the desired test
Select the desired action
Select one of the following options
o At the end of the test
o After the currant step
Click on ok


Key word driven framework:
Create the folder structure as follows


Crate the required test data file and save them in the corresponding folders
Create the required shared repository files and save them in the corresponding folder
Create the required library files and save them in the corresponding folder
Create the required environment files and save them in the corresponding folder
Create the required recovery files and save them in the corresponding folder
Open the main test and associate all the required files to each
Develop the script in such a weather it executes based on the key words specified in the data table
Example:

Var= data table (keys,1)
Select case var
Case L1
Login( )
Ins ord( )
Logout( )

CaseL2
Openord( )
Logout( )
Case L3
Login( )
Logout( )
End select

Specify the desired key words under the corresponding column in the data table and save the test in
the corresponding folder

When ever required open the test and execute it and analyze the result



Methods

First method Capture bitmap:
It is used for capturing a snap shot of an object or an window during executin and stores it in the
desired location

Syntax: Object hierarchy.capturebitmap Path of the location with a file name.bmpextension
Example:
Window(flight
Reservation).dailog(openorder).winbutton(ok).capturebitmapD:\fl_automation\b1.bmp

Second Method- Exist method:
It is used for checking the objects existence if the object is existing then it will return a value True,
and make the QTP to continue the execution, If at all the object is not existing it will make the tool to
wait till object exists. Once the object exists it will return true and make the QTP to continue the
execution. If at all the object is not existing up to the maximum time then it will return false and make
the QTP to continue the execution


Syntax: variable=object hierarchy.exists(time in seconds)
Example: Var= window(flight reservation).exists(12)

Wait property:
Wait property is used for making the tool to wait based on the object properties value
Syntax: object hierarchy.wait property property name, property value, extra time in mille seconds

Wait: it is used for making the tool to wait till the specified time is elapsed.
Syntax: Wait Time in seconds

Simple and regularly used methods: -

The first method among those is click method.

1. Click method: -
Click method is used for clicking on specified object
Syntax: Object hierarchy.click(x,y,[button] )

2. Double click: -
It is used for double clicking on a specified object
Syntax: Object hirerarchy.dblclick(x,y, [button])

3.Set Method: - Set method is used for setting a value in to an edit box or selecting or deselecting
acheck box or selecting a radio button
Syntax: Object hirerearchy.setvalue
Object hierarchy of check box.set on/off
Object hierarchy of radiobutton.set

Case study-1:
Develop the script customer id, custname, currant age, cust phone number and clicking on submit
button
Cust















Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(cust).set.Custid
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(custname).setname
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(custage).setage
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(custphno).setphoneno
Vbwindow(cust).vbutton(submit.click

Second Case study
Develop the script of selecting Testing tools, sql server, live projects check boxes and clicking on next
button..














Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(testingtools).seton
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(sqlserver).seton
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(liveproject).set on
Vbwindow(mindq).vbbutton(next)click

Third Case Study

Develop the script for deselecting the testing tools check box,selecting the QTP and live project check
boxes and clicking on next button














Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(testing tools).set off
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(QTP).setON
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(liveprojects).seton
Vbwindow(mindq).vbbutton(next).click

Fourth Case Study:

Develop the script for entering the name, age, country, and selecting the gender, selecting the check
box photo profiles only and clicking on search button

Matrimony











Vbwindow(matrimony).vbedit(name).setsri balaji
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbedit(age).set25
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbedit(country.set India
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbradiobutton(female).set
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbcheckbox(photo profile only).set on
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbbutton(search).click


Select Method:
Select method is used for selecting an item in a combo box or a list box

Syntax:Object hierarchy.selectitem name

Fifth Case Study:

Develop the script for entering train number, train name, date of journey, selecting starting point,
selecting destination point, selecting berth, selecting class

RES



























Vbwindow(res).vbedit(trainno).set2085
Vbwindow(res).vbedit(Trainname).setGodavari
Vbwindow(res).vbedit(Date of journey).set15-aug-08
Vbwindow(res).vbcombobox(from).select Sec
Vbwindow(res).vbcombobox(To).selectTpg
Vbwindow(res).vbradiobutton(LB).set
Vbwindow(res).vbradiobutton(sleeper).set
Vbwindow(res).vbcheckbox(breakfast).set on
Vbwindow(res).vbcheckbox(dinner).set on
Vbwindow(res).vbbutton(next).click

Activate Method:
It is used for activating a window or a dialog.
Syntax: Object hierarchy. Activate

Close Method:
It is used for closing the window or a browser
Syntax: Object hierarchy. Close

Set Secure:
Set secure method is used for setting an encrypted data in to an edit box

Type Method:
Type method is used for performing any kind of key board related operation
Syntax: Object hierarchy. Type key value
Example:
Dialog (login). Winedit(agent name).type mic tab


Descriptive Programming: -
If at all the objects description is specified in the program itself then that type of programming is
known as descriptive programming

Dialog(text:=login,width:=320).windedit(attached test:= Agent Name:)
Dialog(text:=login).winedit(attachedtext:=password:).setsecure xxxxxx
Dialog (text:=login).winbutton(text:=ok).click
Window(text:=flight reservation).close

GetRoProperty:
It is used for getting the currant value of the runtime objects property
Syntax: Variable=Object hierarchy.getroproperty(property name)
Sixth Case Study:
Develop the script for clicking on a ok button if it is existing and enabled otherwise the corresponding
message should be reported to the result window

Form 1






Var= vbwindow.(form1).vb button(ok).exixts
If( var=true) then
Var2= vbwindow.(form1).vbbutton(ok).getroproperty(enabled)
If(var2=true) then
Vbwindow.(form1).vbbutton(ok).click
Else
Reporter.report edit,3,my report,Ok button is visible
End if
Else
Reporter.report edit,3,my report,form dowsnot exists
End if

Seventh Case study:
Develop the script for selecting the product id, entering quantity, clicking on cal button and checking
weather it is working fine or not

PRODUCT

















Vbwindow(product).vbcombobox(pid).select 007
Q=5
R=vbwindow(product).vbedit(prate).getroproperty Text
EV=r*q
Vbwindow(product).vbedit(quantity.set q
Vbwindow(product).vb button(cal).click
AV=vbwindow(product).vbedit(amount).getroproperty text
If (EV=AV) then
Reporter.reportevent, 0,my report,cal button is working
Else
Reporter.report event,3,my report,cal button is not working
End if

Simple VB script functions used for comparisons and calculation: -

1. CINT: Used for converting a value in to integer value

2.CSTR: It is used for converting a value in to string

3.CDBL: It is used for converting a value in to Boolean value

4.CBOOL:It is used for converting any value in to Boolean value

5.LTRIM: It is used for trimming the left side spaces

6.RTRIM: It is used for trimming the right side spaces

7.TRIM: It is used for trimming the both side spaces

8.LEFT: It is used for getting the left side sub string
SYNTAX::var=left(string or variable, no of chars)
9.RIGHT: It is used for getting for right side sub string
SYNTAX::var= Right(string or variable, no of chars)

10.MID: It is used for getting the middle sub string
SYNTAX: var=mid (string or variable, starting char no, no of chars)

11.UCASE: It is used for converting a string in to upper case

12.LCASE: It is used for converting a sting in to lower case

13.Round: It is used for rounding any decimal value to nearest highest integer




Eight-case study:
Develop the script for selecting product id, quantity, clicking on cal button, If it is existing and enabled
and checking weather it is working fine or not

Product













Vbwindow(procuct).vbcombobox(productid).select 007
Q=10
Vbwindwo(product).vbedit9prate).getroproperty(Text)
R= vbwindwo(product.vbedit(prate.getroproperty(text)
Ev=R*Q
Var1= vbwindow(product).vbbutton(cal).exists
If cstr(var1)=cstr(true) then
Var2=vbwindow(product).vbbutton(cal).getropropertyexists
If cstr(var2)=cstr(true) then
Vbwindow(product).vbbutton(cal).click
Av=vbwindow(product).vbedit(amount).getroproperty(text)
If cint(Av)=cint(Ev) then
Reporter.report event micpass,myreport,result is pass
Else
Reporter.reportevent mic fail,my report,result is fail
End if
Else
Reporter.reportevent mic warning,my report,cal button does not exists
End if
Else
Reporter.reportevent mic warning,my report,cal button is disabled
End if

Get to property:
Gettoproperty is used for getting the text objects properties value

SYNTAX: var= object hierarchy.gettoproperty (property name)
Example: var= vbwindow9form1).vbbutton(add).gettopropery(text)

Note: Text objects property means the properties present in the object repository+properties present
in the secret place

Set to property:
Settoproperty Is used for setting the text objects properties value temporarily during the execution
SYNTAX: Object hierarchy.settoproperty property name,property value

Tenth case study:
Develop a script for clicking ona button for three times whose text property value will be dynamically
changing from start to stop and stop to start
OR


Form 1








Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).click
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).settoproperty text,stop
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).click
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).settoproperty text,start
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).click


DATA TABLE METHODS

Data table methods:
Data table methods are used for performing the operations on the runtime data table

1. Add- sheet: It is used for adding the new sheet for the runtime data table
SYNTAX: Data table.add sheetsheet name
2.Delete- sheet: It is used for deleting a specified sheet from the run time data table
SYNTAX: Data table.delete sheetsheet name
3.Import: It is used for importing the data present in all the sheets in an excel file to the runtime data
table
SYNTAX: Data table.import path of the excel file
4. Import Sheet: It is used for importing specified sheet of data from the excel file to the specified
sheet in the runtime data table
SYNTAX: Data table. Import sheet path of the excel file, source sheet id, destination sheet id

5.Export: It is used for exporting the complete data present in the run time data table to a specified
location
SYNTAX: Data table. export Path of the location with a file name.xls extension

6.Export Sheet: It is used for exporting the data present in a specified sheet in the run time data table
to a specified location
SYNTAX: Data table .export sheet path of the location with a file name.xls extension, sheet id to be
exported.

7.Set currant row: It is used for making the QTP focus on a specified row
SYNTAX: Data table. Set currant row (row number)

8.Set next row: It is used for making the QTP focused on the next of the currently focused row
SYNTAX: Data table. Set next row

9.Set Prev Row: It is used for making the QTP focus on the previous row of the currently focused tow
SYNTAX: Data table. Set prev row

10. Value Method: It is used for getting a value from a specified sheet, specified column and currently
focused row.
SYNTAX: Variable= Data Table. Value ( column name, sheet id)

11. Get Sheet: It is used for making the QTP to focus on a specified sheet
SYNTAX: Data table. Get sheet (sheet id)

12Get Row Count: It is used for getting the row count of a global sheet
If at all one wants to get the row count of a specified sheet first of all they need to make the QTP to
focus on a specified sheet and then get the row count

SYNTAX 1: Variable= Data Table. Get row count
SYNTAX 2: Variable= Data Table. Get sheet (sheet id). Get row count


Example:
Data table. Addsheet Sri
Data table.import sheet e:\Sri\td122.xls,1,3
N=Data table.get sheet( 3).getrowcount
For i= 1 to n
Data table. Set currant row( i )
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(val1).set data table(v1,3)
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(val2).set data table(v2,3)
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(add).click
Exp val= data table.value(ev,3)
Act val= vbwindow(form1).vbedit(res).getroproperty(text)
If (exp val= act val) then
Data table (res,3)= pass
Else
Data table (res,3)= fail
End if
Next
Data table.export sheet D;\fl_automation\log\file2.xls,3
Data table.delete Sri



Input/Out put Parameters:

One ca pass number of values in to the function while calling and a function can return only one value.

Example:

Function add(a,b) Main program
Res= a+b Add(10,20)
Add= res Msg box var
End function



Input/Out put parameters concept is used for passing some values in to the action to return some
values once the execution is finish
To do the same one has to declare the desired number of input parameters and out put parameters at
the action, which is about to be called

Navigation:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option action properties
Select the parameters tab
Declare the desired number of input/output parameters
Using the corresponding add buttons
Click on OK





Exmaple
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit ("val1").set parameter ("a")
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val2").Set parameter ("b")
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("ADD").Click
var= vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("res").GetROProperty "text"
parameter ("c")= var
vbwindow("Form1").Vbbutton("SUB").Click
var1=vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("res").GetROProperty "textA"
parameter ("d")=var1
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("CLEAR").Click

At the calling point one need to specify the input values in a sequence separated by commas and the
variable names in a sequence in order to catch the return value

Example: Take the new test

Run action "action1[inout122]", one iteration,20,30,r1,r2
msg box r1
msg box r2

Automation Object Model

Automation object model: (AOM)
Automation object model is a concept provided to automate the operations on QTP through scripting

Dim qtapp
Dim qttest
Set qtapp= create object (quicktest.application)
Qtapp.launch
Qtapp.visible

Qtapp.opend:\aom1, true
Set qttest=qtapp.test
Qttest.run
Qttest.close

Qtapp.open d:\aom122, true
Set qttest= qtapp.test

Qttest.run
Attest.close

Qtapp.quit


Data Base Connection

M.S Access Connection:
Dim con, rs
Set con = createobject("adodb.connection")
Set rs= createobject("adodb,recordset")
con.provider= "microsoft.jet.oledb.4.)0"
con.open "d:\test data.mbd"
rs.open "select * from info", con
Do while not rs.eof
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val1").Set rs.fields("v1")
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val2".set rs.fields("v2")
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("add").Click
rs.movenext
Loop

Oracle connection:
Con .open provider =oraoledb.1;server=local host;uid=scott;pwd=tiger;database=testdata;

SQLServer connection:
Con.open provider= sqloledb.1; server=local host; uid=sa; pwd=; database= test data;


Happy learning Best of Luck


















QTP 9.0,9.1,9.2

QTP 9.0:
Test menu item is renamed as Automation
Settings option is moved from test menu item to file menu item
Quality center connection option is moved from tools menu item to file menu item
Step menu item is removed and all the options present under it are kept in the edit menu item
A new menu item window is introduced used for managing the window
A new option by name function definition generator is introduced which is used for creating the
functions easily
New options are provided for commenting and un commenting the block of statements
A new option by name check syntax is introduced under tools menu item used for checking the syntax
of script
Some of the options related to the resources like object repository, recovery scenario manager are
moved from tools menu item to a new menu item resources
A new menu item resourced is introduced with some new options like object repository manager and
associate repositories
Object repository manager is used for creating and managing the shared repositories with out having
any connection to the test


Anatomy of QTP 9.0:

QTP 9.0 screen can be divided in to 7 parts
1. Test pane
2. Active screen
3. Data table
4. Debug viewer pane
5. Tool Options
6. Information screen
7. Missing resources screen

6.Information screen:
Information pane is used for viewing the syntax related information during the syntax
Check
Main change: One can associate one or more shared repositories to an action a part from its local
repository

7.Missing resources:
When the test is being open if at all any associate resources like repositories, library files, recovery
files are missing then the complete information related to that will be shown in the missing resource
pane

QTP 9.1:
A new feature by name navigate and learn is introduced present in multiple pages or windows
continuously by navigating
A new feature by name object repository comparison tool is introduced which is used for comparing
two shared repositories
QTP 9.1 is compatible with windows vista operating system and .net frame 2.0 environment
The script editor is made user friendly
The company has announced that they will provide license for all the add ins also

QTP 9.2:
A new feature by name screen recorder is provided which is used for recording the movie of the
execution and that can be played back during the result analysis for better understanding
One can handle the object repositories dynamically through scripting with the help of an utility
object repositories collection
Example:

Repath= d:\r1.tsr
Repositories collection.remove all( )
Repositories collection.add(repath)
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit ("val1").set 10
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val2").Set 20
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("ADD").Click

Pos= repositories collection.find(repath)
Repositories collection.remove(pos)


Object spy functionality is enhanced in such a weather one can view multiple objects information
continuously by keeping the mouse pointer over the object
QTP 9.2 is compatible with the following browser
Internet explorer 7.0
Mozilla fire fox2.0
Net space navigation 8.1.0

href="file:///D:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CTIMESW%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_
oledata.mso">
Ome sai Ram
Ome soaked venkatesaya
Srinivasaya
Govindaya
Narayanaayaaaaaaaaaaaaah

Ways of
Testing:
There are two ways of Testing
1.Manual Testing
2.Automation Testing
1.Manual Testing:
It is a way of testing in which one will perform all the phases of software testing life cycle like Test
planning, Test development, Test execution, Result analysis, Bug tracking, and Reporting are
accomplished manually, successfully with human efforts
Drawbacks of Manual Testing:
More number of people are required
Time consuming
Human mistakes (no accuracy)
Tiredness
Simultaneous action are not possible
Cannot repeat the same task again and again in a perfect
manner.
2.Automation Testing:



Automation testing is a process in which all the drawbacks of manual testing are addressed
properly and provides speed and accuracy to the existing testing process.
Drawbacks of Automation Testing:
Tools are expensive
Cannot automate all the area
Lack of experts
Automated Tool:
Automated tool is an assistant of a test engineer, which works based on the instructions and
information given by a test engineer.
General Frame Work to learn any automated Tool:
A test engineer should learn the following to work with any automated tool
How to give the instructions?
Hoe to give the information?
How to use its recording facility?
Hoe to use its play back facility?
How to analyze the results?
Types of Automated Tools:
A black box testing tools are broadly divided in to Three types
1. Functional tools (QTP, Win runner)
2. Management Tools (Test Director/QualityCenter)
3. Performance tools (Load Runner)
QTP (Quick Test Professional)
Type Of The Tool: Functional Tool
Company: Mercury Interactive incorporation
Scripting Language: VB- Script
Version:#5.5,#6.5,#7.0,#7.6,#8.0,#8.2(2005),#9.0,#9.1,#9.2

Anatomy of QTP:





Vbwindow
("PCE"). Vbedit
("ename"). Sets "Sri
Balaji"
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(eage).set27
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(esal).set20000
Vbwindow ("EMP"). Vbedit ("edeisig"). Set "TE"
Vbwindow(emp).vbedit(submit).set click.

VbWindow("VbWindow").VbEdit("VbEdit").Set "10"
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbEdit("VbEdit_2").Set "20"
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("ADD").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("SUB").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("MUL").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("DIV").Click
VbWindow("VbWindow").VbButton("CLEAR").Click
Adding Manager:
Adding manager is a feature provided by QTP which is used for showing all the list of addings
while opening the QTP so that the user can select the desired addings and then enter in to the
QTP, Before the user access the QTP the adding manager will make the QTP compatible with all
the selected environments.
By default QTP is always compatible with standard windows environment.
Whenever we purchase QTP we get Three built-in addings.


1.Activex
2.Visual Basic
3.Web.
A part from the above add-ins one needs to purchase the add-inns by paying extra cost.
QTP screen can be divided in to five parts
1.Test Pane
2.Active screen
3.Data Table
4.Debug Viewer Pane
5.Tool Options
1.Test Pane:
Test pane is an area provided by QTP, which is used for developing, viewing, and modifying the
test screen. It represents the test scripts in two views
(a). Expert view
(b). Key word view
(a). Expert view: It represents the script in VB script format
(b). Keyword view: Keyword view represents the script using a graphical user interface (GUI)
which is further divided in to four parts.
Item
OperationValue
Documentation
2.Active Screen:
Active screen is an area provided by QTP, which holds the snapshots of each and every script
statements and used for the following.
Easily understanding the script
Easily enhancing the script.
3.Data-Table:
The date table is originally called as formula1 sheet developed by third party and integrated
with QTP.
Features:
It is used for holding the test data
It isolates the test script from the data source.
It provides the facility to import the test data from different data
sources like excel files, data base and flat files (a file with out
having format)
It allows the user to interact with the data directly
Note: QTP maintains two copies of data tables
i. Design time data table
ii. Run time data table
4. Debug Viewer Pane:
Definition of Debugging: Debugging Is a process of executing the script or a program in a
user desired passion with some temporary breaks in order to identify the errors.
Debug viewer pane is an area provided by QTP which is used for viewing, modifying or setting
the current values of variables or expressions during the execution break with the help of three
Tabs by name Watch expression, Variables and Command
5.Tool- Options:
All the options available in the menu bar, file tool bar and testing tool bar are known as tool-
options.
RECORDING AND RUNNING
Record and Run Settings:
For every new test one has to compulsorily do this settings before recording or running. These
settings will make to understand on which applications it need to concentrate while recording
or running.
Navigation:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option record and run settings
Select one of the following options
Record and run test on any opened windows based application
Record and run on these application (opened on session start)
If at all second option is selected then click on add button
Browse the desired application part
Click on OK
Click on apply & OK.
Operational overview of Recording:
During recording QTP will do the following..
1. It will generate corresponding script statements for every user action
on the application.
2. It will store the required related information in the object repository.
Operational overview of Running:
During running QTP will doing the following..
1. It will read the script statement and understands what action to be
performed on which object.
2. Then it realizes it need to identify the object first to perform the action
3. To identify the object it requires some information for that information
it will go the object repository and search.
4. Once the information is found using this information it will try to
identify the original object.
5. Once the object is identified it will perform the action on it.
Recording Modes:
There are there types of recording mode
(a). Context sensitive recording mode or Normalrecording mode
(b). Analog Recording Mode
(c). Low-level Recording mode.
(a). Context sensitive Recording mode:
It is used for recording the operations performed on the standard GUI object in different
situations
(b). Analog Recording Mode:
It is a special recording mode provided by QTP, which is used for recording the continuous
operations
Navigation:
Keep the tool under normal recording mode
Activate the menu item test
Select the option analog recording
Select one of the following option
o Record relative to the screen
o Record relative to the following window
If at all second option is selected specify the window title with the help of
the Hand Icon
Click on start analog record
(c). Low-Level Recording:
It is a special recording mode provided by QTP, which is used for recording at least some
minimum operations on the non-supported environments also.
OBJECT REPOSITORY
Object Repository:
Object repository is a storage place where one can store the objects information and it also
acts as interface between the test script and the AUT(application under test) in order to identify
the original objects during execution
Types of Object Repository:
There are two types of object repository they are
1. Per-Action Repository
2. Shared Repository
(1). Per-Action Repository:
If at all this type is selected as an object repository then the QTP will be automatically creating
and managing an individual repository for every action.
(2). Shared Repository:
Shared repository has to be created and managed manually once a shared repository to created
it can be shared among number of tests
Advantages:
Easy to maintain
Re-usability
Navigation for creating a shared Repository or Converting a per action in to shared:
Collect the objects information in to the object repository
Click on export
Browse the desired location
Specify the file name with .TSR extension
Click on save button
Navigation for Creating the Shared Repository to the currant test:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option settings
Select the resources tab
Select the option shared in the object repository type section
Browse the desired repository file
Click on apply & OK
Note: .TSR means Test Shared Repository
OPERATIONS ON OBJECT REPOSITORY
Navigation for adding the objects in to the object repository:
Open the object repository
Click on add objects button
Click on the title bar of the window
Click on ok
Select one of the following options
o Only the selected objects
o Selected objects and all its direct children
o Selected objects and all its descendents
Click on OK
Navigation for deleting the objects form the object repository:
Select the desired object to be deleted in the object hierarchy
Right click on it
Select the option delete
Confirm the deleting by clicking on
Navigation for Re naming the objects:
Select the desired object in the object hierarchy
Right click on it
Select the option Rename
Specify the desired name
Navigation for updating the properties list:
Select the desired object in the object hierarchy
Click on add/Remove button
Select the desired properties to be added in to the properties list
Deselect the properties to be removed from the properties list
Click on OK
Highlight:
Highlight button is used for highlighting the corresponding object in the AUT so that a test
engineer can clearly understand which objects information is that.
OBJECT IDENTIFICATION
Object identification:
Object identification is based on four types of properties and an ordinal identifier
Types of properties:
1. Mandatory Properties
2. Assistive properties
3. Base-Filter Properties
4. Optional Filter properties
A test engineer can specify the list of mandatory properties, List of assistive properties, List of
base filter properties, list of ordinal filter properties and an ordinal identifier.
QTP learns the information in the following in case only normal brain:
First of all the QTP will learn all the mandatory properties at a time and then think weather
these properties are sufficient to identify the object uniquely. If it feels sufficient then it will
stop learning otherwise it will learn the first assistive property and once again stops and thinks
weather these properties are sufficient to identify the object uniquely. If it feels sufficient then
it stops learning otherwise learns the second assistive property and checks weather these
properties are sufficient or not. This process continuous till the QTP satisfies or up to the end
of the assistive properties list. At the end of the assistive properties list also if it feels not
satisfied then it will finally learn the ordinal identifier and stops learning.
QTP learns the information in the following way in case of smart brain also:
While learning the mandatory properties along with them it will learn the base filter properties,
optional filter properties and stores them in the secret place.
It considers the mandatory properties only and check weather these properties are sufficient to
identify the object uniquely. and repeats the above process.
Note: In the above learning process except base filter properties and optional filter properties
all the remaining information learnt will be stored in the object repository.
QTP will use the information in the following way to identify the object during
execution:
First of all QTP will use all the properties present in the object repository except ordinal
identifier and try to identify the object. If at all the object is not identified then it will forget
about all these properties and freshly enters in to the secret place.
QTP will consider all the base filter properties and try to identify the object and forms a list of
all the objects that are matched with the base filter properties.
If the list contains only one object then that is the object otherwise it will take the support of
first optional filter property and try to match with all the object present in the list and forms a
new list of all the objects that are matched with that property and then check weather the list is
containing one object or more that one object. If the list is containing more than one object
then it will consider the second optional filter property and repeats the whole procedure till the
list contains on object or up to the end of the optional properties list.
At the end of the optional filter properties list also if the list is containing more than one object
then it will finally go to the object repository and check weather the ordinal identifier is
available or not. If at all the ordinal identifier is available it will identify the object roughly using
that otherwise HANDSUP.
Ordinal Identifiers:
There are three types of ordinal identifiers
1.Location
2.Index
3.Creation time
1.Location:
If at all the location is selected, as an ordinal identifier then the QTP will generate a sequence
of numbers from 0,1,2,3 based on the sequence of the objects located in AUT.
2.Index:
If at all the index is selected as an ordinal identifier than the QTP will generate the numbers
from 0,1,2,3. Based ob the sequence of the programs of the objects.
3.Creation Time (specially for web pages):
If at all creation time is selected as an ordinal identifier the QTP will generate the number from
0,1,2,3, based on the loading time of the web pages
Smart Identification:
When ever the QTP is unable to identify the objects with the help of the properties present in
the object repository then the special mechanism provided by QTP to identify the object smartly
with some other properties is known as smart identification.
Navigation for Object identification Configuration:
Activate the menu item tools
Select the option object identification
Select the desired environment
Select the desired object type
Specify the desired list of mandatory properties and assistive properties
with the help of corresponding add/ remove buttons
Select the ordinal identifier
Smart identification
Select the check box enable smart identification
Click on configure button
Specify the desired list of base filter properties and optional filter
properties with the help of add/remove buttons
Click on OK
Click once again on Ok
Object Spy:
Object spy is a handy feature provided by QTP which is used for showing the complete objects
information like list of properties and their values, list of methodology, syntax for methodology
and description of methods then and there on the spot immediately of both test objects as well
as runtime objects.
Navigation for Object SPY:
Activate the menu item tools
Select the option object spy
Click on the hand icon
Click on the desired object
Types Of Objects:
There are two types of objects 1.Run time objects
2.Test objects
1.Run time objects:
All the original objects present in the AUT are known as run time objects
2.Test Objects:
Test objects are the reference objects created by the QTP for run time objects, stored in object
repository and used by the QTP for the original objects
QTP LIFE CYCLE
QTP life cycle contains Six phases
I. Test planning
II. Generating the basic test
III. Enhancing the test
IV. Debugging the test
V. Executing the test
VI. Analysis the Results
I. Test Planning:
In this phase the automation test lead will do the following
1. Under standing the requirements
2. Identifying all the areas to be automated
3. Analyzing both the negative and positive flow of the application
4. Preparing the automation test plan document based on the analysis
5. Preparing the tool ready with all the pre configurational settings for the
further operations
II. Generating the basic test:
In this phase the automation test engineer will generate the basic test engineer will generate
the basic test for both the +ve and ve flow of the application
IIII. Enhancing the Test:
One can enhance the script in the following ways
1. Inserting the check points
2. Synchronizing the test
3. Parameterising the test (Data Driven Testing)
4. Inserting the out put value statements
5. Inserting the transactional points for measuring transactions
6. Inserting the programmatic statements
7. Adding comments
8. Inserting the script statement manually
1.Check Point:
Checkpoint is defined as validation pointer test point which checks the objects state or
bitmap state or data state during execution at any point of time
Operational over view of checkpoint:
Checkpoint works in two phases
i. Pre-execution Phase:
It captures the expected value
Generates the corresponding test script statement
ii. While-execution phase:
It captures the actual value
Compared the actual value with the expected value
Displays the result
Types Of Checkpoints:
a. Standard checkpoints
b. Bitmap checkpoint
c. Text checkpoint
d. Text area checkpoint
e. Data base checkpoint
f. XML checkpoint
g.
For Web
Checkpoints
Hidden Checkpoints
Page checkpoint
h. Table checkpoint
i. Image checkpoint
j. Accessibility checkpoint
a. Standard Checkpoints:
Standard checkpoint is used for checking the standard GUI objects properties value, it can
be inserted in two ways
i. Through application
ii. Through Active Screen
Navigation through application:
Keep the cursor in the desired location
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Go to checkpoint
Select the option standard checkpoint
Click on the desired object in the AUT
Click on OK
Select the desired properties to be checked
Specify the desired expected values
Click on OK
Stop Recording
Navigation through active screen:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement so that the corresponding snapshot
is displayed in the active screen
Go to active screen right click on the desired object
Select the option insert standard check point
Click on OK
Select the desired properties to be checked
Specify the desired expected values
Select one of the following options
Select one of the following options
o Before current step
o After current step
o Click on OK
(b) Bitmap checkpoints:
Bitmap checkpoint is used for checking the complete bitmap or apart of a bitmap. It can be
inserted in two ways
i. Through application
ii. Through Active Screen
Navigation through application:
Keep the cursor in the desired location of the screen
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Select the option bitmap check point
Click on the desired bitmap
Click on OK
If at all one need select a part of bitmap then select it using the select area
button
If at all one need save only the selected part then select the check box save
only selected area
Click on OK
Navigation Through Application:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement so that the corresponding is
displayed in the active screen
Go to the active screen
Right click on the bit map
Select the option insert bitmap check point
Click on OK
If at all one need to select a part of bitmap then select it using select area
button
IF alt all one need to save only the selected part select the check box save
only selected area
Select one of the following option
o Before currant step
o After currant step
Click on OK
(C). Text Checkpoint:
Text checkpoint is used for checking the text present on a specified object. It can be
inserted in two ways
i. Through application
ii. Through Active
Navigation through application:
Keep the cursor in the desired location of the screen
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Click on check point
Click on text checkpoint
Click on the desired text
Select the following option
o Match case
o Exact match
o Ignore space
o Text not displayed
Click on OK
Navigation through Active Screen:
Keep the cursor on the desired location so that the corresponding
snapshot is available in the active screen
Right Click on the desired position
Click on insert text checkpoint
Click on desired text
Select the following option
o Match case
o Exact match
o Ignore space
Text not displayed
Click on ok
(d) Text Area Check Point:
Test area checkpoint is used for checking the test presenting a specified area. It can be
inserted only through the application but not through the active screen
Navigation through application:
Keep the cursor on the desired location of the screen
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Select the opinion text area checkpoint
Select the exact area through cross hair pointers
Choose the following options
o Match case
o Exact match
o Ignore space
o Text not displayed
Click on OK
Stop Recording
(e) Data Base Checkpoint:
Data base check point is used for checking the contents of the data base
Navigation:
Activate menu item insert
Go to check point
Select the option data base checkpoint
Select the option specify AQL statement manually
Click on meet
Click on create
Click on new
Select the desired driver
Slick on next
Click on finish
Click on select
Select the desired database
Click on ok
Click on ok
Click on ok
Specify the designed query statement
Click on finish
Select the desired contents to be checked
Select one of the following option
o Before current step
o After current step
Click on ok
(f) XML Check Point:
XML is an universally understandable language which is mainly used for data information
Note: XML check point is used fro checking the contents of an XML file
Navigation:
Activate the menu item insert go to check point
Select the option XML check point
Browse the desired XML file
Click on OK
Select the desired contents to de checked
Select one of the following option
o Before current step
o After current step
Click on OK
(g) Table Check Point:
This is used for checking the contents of a table
Navigation:
Keep the cursor on the desired statements, so that the
corresponding page will be displayed in the active screen
Go to active screen
Right click on the page
Select the option, Insert standard check point
Select the desired table in the object hierarchy
Click on ok
Select the desired properties to be checked
Select one of the following option
o Before currant step
o After currant step
Click on ok
(h) Image Check Point:
This is used for checking the properties of an image
Navigation:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement, so that the corresponding page will be
displayed in the active screen
Go to the active screen
Right click on the page
Select desired image in the object hierarchy
Click on ok
Select on ok
Select the desired properties to be checked
Select the one of the properties to be checked
o Before currant step
o After currant step
Click on ok
(i) Accessibility Check point:
Accessibility check point is used for checking the w3c standards( for web consortium standards) in order to
confirm weather the page can be accessed all over the world or not
Navigation:
Keep the cursor on the desired statement sot heat the corresponding page is displayed in
the active screen
Go to the active screen
Right click on the page
Select one of the following options
o Before currant step
o After currant step
Click on ok
2.Synchroniztion:
Synchronization is a process of matching the speeds of both the tool and the application in order to keep
them in sync with each other to obtain proper testing results
Here the main concept is making the tool to wait till the application finishes its work it can be done in
three ways
1. Inserting the synchronization point
2. Increasing the default time
3. Inserting the wait statement
Navigation for inserting the synchronization point:
Keep the cursor in the desired location
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Go to step select the option sync point
Click on desired object
Click on ok
Select the desired property
Specify the desired property value
Specify desired extra time
Click on ok
Stop recording
In order to avoid above navigation one can directly type the statement in the desired location
with the following syntax:
SYNTAX: Object hierarchy. Wait property Property name property value, extra time in
milliseconds
Example: Window (flight reservation).win button(delete order).wait
propertyenabled,true,17000
Navigation for increasing the default time:-
Activate the menu item test
Select the option settings
Select the run tab
Specify the desired time in milliseconds in the object synchronization time out field
Click on apply and ok
Syntax for Wait Statement:
Wait (time in seconds)
Example: Wait (17)
Data Driven Testing: -
Data driven testing is a concept introduced in the automation in order to implement re- testing
Steps to be followed to perform data driven testing:
Collect the test data in to the data table
Generate the basic test
Parameterize the test
Execute the Test
Analyze the result
Parameterization:
Parameterization is a process of replacing the constant values with parameters or variables in order to
increase the scope of the test. Parameterize can be done in three ways
1.Through data driver wizard
2.Through key word view
3.Manually
Navigation Through Data Driver Wizard:
Activate the menu item tools
Select the option data driver
Click on parameterize
Click on next
Click on the parameter option button
Select the desired column name
Click on ok
Click on next
Click on finish
Finally click on ok
Navigation Through Key word view:
Go to key word view
Select the desited constant value
Click on configure the value button
Select the option parameter
Select the desired column name
Click on ok
To avoid the above navigation one can directly type manually as follows:
A= datatable(v1,1)
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(val1).set A
Vbwindow (form1).vbedit(val2).set datatable(v2,1)
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(Add).Click
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(res).check checkpoint(RES)
Navigation for parameter zing the check point:
Right click on the check point statement
Select the option check point properties
Select the option parameter
Click on the parameter options button
Select the desired column name
Click on ok
Once again click on ok
4.OUT PUT VALUE: -
Out put value is a feature provided by QTP, which is used for capturing a value from an application or from a
database or from a XML file and stores it under specified column in the runtime data table
Operational overview of out put value: -
The out put value feature works in two phases
1. Pre-Execution Phase
2. While Execution Phase
1.Pre-Execution phase:
It will capture the field name from which it need to capture the value
It will generate the corresponding script
2.While-Execution phase:
Captures the actual value from the field
Stores it under a specified column in the run time data table
Types of Out Put Values:
There are five types of out put values
1.Standard Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing property value of a standard GUI object
2.Text Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing the text present on a specified object
3.Text-Area Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing the Text present in a specified area
4.Data Base Out Put Value: - It is used for capturing a value from the database
5.XML Out put Value: - It is used for capturing a value from the XML file
Navigation for Standard Out put value through application:
Keep the cursor in the desired location
Keep the tool under recording mode
Activate the menu item insert
Go to out put value
Select the option standard out put value
Click on the desired object in the AUT
Click on OK
Select the desired property to be captured
Click on modify
Specify the desired column name
Click on Ok
Once again click on ok
Stop recording
Navigation For standard check point through Active Screen
Keep the cursor under the desired location
Click on active screen
Right click on desired location
Click on insert output value
Click on ok
Select the desired property
Click on modify
Specify the desired column name
Click on ok
Once again click on ok.
5.Inserting the transaction points for measuring the transaction: -


It is a concept introduced in QTP which is used for calculating the time taken by an application to perform a
specific task or the execution time of a block of statement
To do the same QTP has provided two options
1.Start transaction
2.End transaction
Navigation for inserting transaction points:
Keep the cursor in the desired location
Activate the menu item insert
Select the option start transaction
Specify the transaction name
Select one of the following option
o Before currant step
o After currant step
Click on ok
To avoid the above navigation one can directly type the following statements manually in the desired location
Services.start transaction transaction name
-----------------------------------
-----------------------------------
------------------------------------
Services.end transaction transaction name
6.Inserting the Programmatic statements: -
There are five types of programmatic statements in the V.B script
1.Normal statements (or) Object calls
2.Conditional statements
3.Looping statements
4.Comments
5.Utility statements
Reporter utility object: -
It is used for reporting an user defined message to the result window
SYNTAX: Reporter.reportevent status,object name,message
Example:Reporter.reporevent micdone,my report,add button is working fine.
Status:
Pass 0
Fail 1
Done 2
Warning 3
IV. Debugging The Test:
Debugging:
Debugging is a process of executing the script or aprogram in a user desired passion with some temporary
breaks in order to identify the errors
To do the same QTP has provided step commands and break point feature.
Step commands: -
There are three step commands
1.Step into
2.Step Out
3.Step over
1.Step into:
Step into is used for executing a single statement then it will step in to the function or action and stops the
execution.
2.Step Out:
Step out is used for executing all the remaining statements from the position of pointer in the function of the
action and comes out of the function or action and stops execution
3.Step Over:
Step over is used for executing the single statement if that statement is a function call or action call then it
will execute all the statements in side the function or action once and stops the execution
Break Point:
Break point is the feature provided by QTP, which is used for breaking the execution temporarily
Navigation:
Activate the menu item debug
Select the desired option
Example
Function my func( )
Msg box Hai
Msg box hellow
Msg box How r u
End function
My func
Msg box bye
My func
Msg boxsee u
My func
Msg welcome
Debug viewer Pane:
Debug viewer pane is used for viewing, modifying or setting the currant value of the variables or expressions
during the execution break with the help of three tabs by name
1.watch expressions
2.Variables
3.Command
Dim a
A= 10
B= 20
Msg box a
Msg box b
Msg box a
V. Executing the Test:
In this phase one will execute the test
VI. Analyzing the results:
In this phase one will analyze the results..
*******************************End Of QTP Life Cycle**************************************************
ADVANCED CONCEPTS
Regular Expressions: -
When ever the QTP is unable to identify the objects due to the regular changes in the objects properties values
dynamically during the execution then to overcome this problem one need to replace the corresponding
property value in the object repository with a suitable regular expression
Navigation:
Open the object repository
Select the desired object in the object hierarchy
Select the desired property in the properties list
Click on the constant value options button
Replace the constant value with suitable regular expression
Select the check box regular expression
Click on ok
Click on ok
Batch Testing Or Batch execution: -
Executing a group of script files at a time is known as batch execution. To do the same QTP has provided a
special tool by name test batch runner
Before using the test batch runner one need to do the following settings in QTP
Activate the menu item tools
Select the opt option
Select the run tab
Select the check box allow other mercury products to run tests and
components
Click on ok
Navigation for test batch runner:
Start ProgramsQuick test ProfessionalToolsTest batch runner
Once the test batch runner is opened add all the desired script files and
save it as a batch file with .mtb extension
When ever required open the batch file and execute it
Recovery Scenarios:
During the execution QTP may face some problematic situation where in it needs to recover by itself and
continue the execution. To do the same a test engineer would have defined a solution well in advance and
made it available to the currant test before starting the execution.
QTP may face four types of problematic situations
1.Problems related to pop-up window
2.Problems related to object state
3.Problems related to test execution
4.Problems related to application crash
To define the solution for the above problems QTP has provided four trigger events
1.Pop up window
2.Object state
3.Test run error
4.Application crash
Navigation for object test:
Activate the menu item tools
Select the option recovery scenario manager
Click on new scenario button
Click on next
Select the trigger event as object state
Click on next
Clixk on next
Click on the hand icon
Click on the desired object in the AUT
Click on ok
Click on next
Specify the desired properties with the help of add/remove button
Click on next
Once again click on next
Select the recovery operation as function call
Click on next
Browse the desired library file
Select the option define new function
Specify the desired function name
Write the body of the function
Click on next
Deselect the check box add another recovery operation
Click on next
Specify the desired scenario name
Click on next
Select the desired check boxes
o Add scenario to the currant test
o Ass scenario to default test settings
Click on finish
Click on save
Browse the desired location and save the file by specifying a file name with
.QRS extension
Click on close
Environment Variables:
The variables that may be varied in different environments and need to be used in the multiple scripts, should
not be directly used in the scripts. They need to be declare separately in an environment file that file need to
be associated to the test and then the variables in that file need to be used in those test so that when ever the
values need to be updated in different environments one can update them very easily in the environment
So all the tests using those variables will be automatically updated such kind of variables separately declared
in the environment file are known as environment variables
There are two types of environment variables
1.Built in variables
2.User defined variables
1.Built in variables:
These variables will be by default available with all the tests so that on can directly use them in any test with
the following syntax
SYNTAX: environment.value(built invariable name)
Example: var = environment.value(05)
There msg box
2.User defined variables:
These variables need to e declared by us according tour need and need to be stored in a separate
environment file. Whenever required one need to associate these files to the currant test and use those
variables
Navigation for creating an environment file with environment variables:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option settings
Select the environment tab
Select the variable type as user defined
Click on new
Specify the variable name and the value
Click on ok
Click on export
Browse the desired location
Specify the desired file name with .XML extension
Click on save
To avoid the above navigation one can directly develop the XML file as follows
flight path
d:\program files\mercury
b
203
Navigation for associating an environment file to the currant test:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option settings
Select the environment tab
Select the variable types as user defined
Select the check box load variables and value from ecternal files
Browse the path of the environment file
Click on apply and ok
In order to avoid the above navigation one can directly type the following script statement in
the starting of the script
Syntax: environment. Load from file path of the env file
Example: environment. Load from filed:\envfile122.xml invoke application environment.
Value(flight Path)
Virtual object configuration:
Virtual object configuration is a process of making the QTP t treat a specified area or an user defined object
as a specific object
Navigation:
Activate the menu item tools
Go to virtual objects
Select the option new virtual object
Click on next
Specify the desired class(type) of the object
Click on next
Mark the area in the application with the help of mark object button
Click on next
Select one of the following options
o Entire parent hierarchy
o Parent only
Click on next
Specify the desired object name
Specify the desired collection name
Click on finish
Virtual object manager:
Virtual object manager is a feature provided by QTP which is used for creating and managing the virtual
objects
Once a virtual object is created it will be available to all the tests unless until we delete it.
Framework:
Framework is a generic work (outline work) or a set of guidelines designed by an expert to perform a task in
an effective, efficient and optimized way
Types of frame works: - (Mainly)
1. Linear frame work
2. Modular frame work
3. Key-word driven frame work
4. Hybrid frame work
5. Data frame work
1.Linear Framework
Generate the basic test
Enhance the test
Debug the test
Execute the test
Analyze the test
2.Modular Framework:
Develop the individual components for each and every task
Make them as reusable components
Prepare the required drivers based on the end to end scenarios
Execute the drivers
Analyze the result
Actions
ACTIONS: Action is a set of script statements used for performing a specific task
Types of Actions:
There are three types of actions
1.Normal actions
2.Re-usable actions
3.External actions
Note: External actions are not editable .The re-usable actions called in another test are known as external
actions
Operations On Actions:
Navigation for inserting a new action:
Activate the menu item insert
Select the option call to new action
Rename the desired action
Select the one of the following options
o At the end of the test
o After the currant step
Click on ok
Navigation for splitting an action in to two actions:
Save the action
Keep the cursor on the first statement of the second path
Activate the menu item step
Select the option split action
Select one of the following options
o Independent of each other
o Nested
Specify the desired action name
Click on ok

Navigation for making an action as reusable action:
Select the desired action
Activate the menu item step
Select the option action properties
Select the check box reusable action
Click on ok
Navigation for renaming the action:
Activate the menu item step
Select the option action properties
Specify the desired name
Click on ok
Navigation for calling on existing action:
Activate the menu item insert
Select the option call to existing action
Browse the desired test
Select the desired action
Select one of the following options
o At the end of the test
o After the currant step
Click on ok
Key word driven framework:
Create the folder structure as follows

Crate the required test data file and save them in the corresponding folders
Create the required shared repository files and save them in the
corresponding folder
Create the required library files and save them in the corresponding folder
Create the required environment files and save them in the corresponding
folder
Create the required recovery files and save them in the corresponding
folder
Open the main test and associate all the required files to each
Develop the script in such a weather it executes based on the key words
specified in the data table
Example:
Var= data table (keys,1)
Select case var
Case L1
Login( )
Ins ord( )
Logout ()
CaseL2
Openord( )
Logout ()
Case L3
Login( )
Logout ()
End select
Specify the desired key words under the corresponding column in the data table and save
the test in the corresponding folder
When ever required open the test and execute it and analyze the result
Methods
First method Capture bitmap:
It is used for capturing a snap shot of an object or an window during executin and stores it in the desired
location
Syntax: Object hierarchy.capturebitmap Path of the location with a file name.bmpextension
Example:
Window(flight Reservation).dailog(openorder).winbutton(ok).capturebitmapD:\fl_automation\b1.bmp
Second Method- Exist method:
It is used for checking the objects existence if the object is existing then it will return a value
True, and make the QTP to continue the execution, If at all the object is not existing it will
make the tool to wait till object exists. Once the object exists it will return true and make the
QTP to continue the execution. If at all the object is not existing up to the maximum time then
it will return false and make the QTP to continue the execution
Syntax: variable=object hierarchy.exists(time in seconds)
Example: Var= window(flight reservation).exists(12)
Wait property:
Wait property is used for making the tool to wait based on the object properties value
Syntax: object hierarchy.wait property property name, property value, extra time in mille seconds
Wait: it is used for making the tool to wait till the specified time is elapsed.
Syntax: Wait Time in seconds
Simple and regularly used methods: -
The first method among those is click method.
1. Click method: -
Click method is used for clicking on specified object
Syntax: Object hierarchy.click(x,y,[button] )
2. Double click: -
It is used for double clicking on a specified object
Syntax: Object hirerarchy.dblclick(x,y, [button])
3.Set Method: - Set method is used for setting a value in to an edit box or selecting or deselecting acheck
box or selecting a radio button
Syntax: Object hirerearchy.setvalue
Object hierarchy of check box.set on/off
Object hierarchy of radiobutton.set
Case study-1:
Develop the script customer id, custname, currant age, cust phone number and clicking on submit button

Cust Id:
Cust Name:
Cust Age:
Cust Ph no:
Cust
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(cust).set.Custid
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(custname).setname
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(custage).setage
Vbwindow(cust).vbedit(custphno).setphoneno
Vbwindow(cust).vbutton(submit.click
Second Case study
Develop the script of selecting Testing tools, sql server, live projects check boxes and clicking on next
button..

Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(te
stingtools).seton
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(sqlserver).s
eton
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(liveproject).
set on
Vbwindow(mindq).vbbutton(next)click
Third Case Study
Develop the script for deselecting the testing tools check box,selecting the QTP and live project check boxes
and clicking on next button

Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(testing
tools).set off
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(QTP).set
ON
Vbwindow(mindq).vbcheckbox(liveproject
s).seton
Vbwindow(mindq).vbbutton(next).click
Fourth Case Study:
Develop the script for entering the name, age, country, and selecting the gender, selecting the check box
photo profiles only and clicking on search button
Matrimony










Name
Age
Country
o Male
o Female
Photo profiles only
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbedit(name).setsri balaji
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbedit(age).set25
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbedit(country.set India
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbradiobutton(female).set
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbcheckbox(photo profile only).set on
Vbwindow(matrimony).vbbutton(search).click
Select Method:
Select method is used for selecting an item in a combo box or a list box
Syntax:Object hierarchy.selectitem name
Fifth Case Study:
Develop the script for entering train number, train name, date of journey, selecting starting point, selecting
destination point, selecting berth, selecting class
RES



Vbwindow(res).vbedit(train
no).set2085
Vbwindow(res).vbedit(Trainname).s
etGodavari
Vbwindow(res).vbedit(Date of
journey).set15-aug-08
Vbwindow(res).vbcombobox(from).s
elect Sec
Vbwindow(res).vbcombobox(To).sel
ectTpg
Vbwindow(res).vbradiobutton(LB).se
t
Vbwindow(res).vbradiobutton(sleepe
r).set
Vbwindow(res).vbcheckbox(breakfas
t).set on
Vbwindow(res).vbcheckbox(dinner).
set on
Vbwindow(res).vbbutton(next).click
Activate Method:
It is used for activating a window or a
dialog.
Syntax: Object hierarchy. Activate
Close Method:
It is used for closing the window or a browser
Syntax: Object hierarchy. Close
Set Secure:
Set secure method is used for setting an encrypted data in to an edit box
Type Method:
Type method is used for performing any kind of key board related operation
Syntax: Object hierarchy. Type key value
Example:


Dialog (login). Winedit(agent name).type mic tab
Descriptive Programming: -
If at all the objects description is specified in the program itself then that type of programming is known as
descriptive programming
Dialog(text:=login,width:=320).windedit(attached test:= Agent Name:)
Dialog(text:=login).winedit(attachedtext:=password:).setsecure xxxxxx
Dialog (text:=login).winbutton(text:=ok).click
Window(text:=flight reservation).close
GetRoProperty:
It is used for getting the currant value of the runtime objects property
Syntax: Variable=Object hierarchy.getroproperty(property name)
Sixth Case Study:
Develop the script for clicking on a ok button if it is existing and enabled otherwise the corresponding
message should be reported to the result window
Form 1



Var= vbwindow.(form1).vb button(ok).exixts
If( var=true) then
Var2= vbwindow.(form1).vbbutton(ok).getroproperty(enabled)
If(var2=true) then
Vbwindow.(form1).vbbutton(ok).click
Else
Reporter.report edit,3,my report,Ok button is visible
End if
Else
Reporter.report edit,3,my report,form dowsnot exists
End if
Seventh Case study:



Develop the script for selecting the product id, entering quantity, clicking on cal button and checking weather
it is working fine or not
PRODUCT

Vbwindow(product).vbcombobox(
pid).select 007
Q=5
R=vbwindow(product).vbedit(pra
te).getroproperty Text
EV=r*q
Vbwindow(product).vbedit(quanti
ty.set q
Vbwindow(product).vb
button(cal).click
AV=vbwindow(product).vbedit(amount).getroproperty text
If (EV=AV) then
Reporter.reportevent, 0,my report,cal button is working
Else
Reporter.report event,3,my report,cal button is not working
End if
Simple VB script functions used for comparisons and calculation: -
1. CINT: Used for converting a value in to integer value
2.CSTR: It is used for converting a value in to string
3.CDBL: It is used for converting a value in to Boolean value
4.CBOOL:It is used for converting any value in to Boolean value
5.LTRIM: It is used for trimming the left side spaces
6.RTRIM: It is used for trimming the right side spaces
7.TRIM: It is used for trimming the both side spaces
8.LEFT: It is used for getting the left side sub string
SYNTAX::var=left(string or variable, no of chars)
9.RIGHT: It is used for getting for right side sub string
SYNTAX::var= Right(string or variable, no of chars)
10.MID: It is used for getting the middle sub string
SYNTAX: var=mid (string or variable, starting char no, no of chars)



11.UCASE: It is used for converting a string in to upper case
12.LCASE: It is used for converting a sting in to lower case
13.Round: It is used for rounding any decimal value to nearest highest integer
Eight-case study:
Develop the script for selecting product id, quantity, clicking on cal button, If it is existing and enabled and
checking weather it is working fine or not
Product

Vbwindow(procuct).vbcombobox(produc
tid).select 007
Q=10
Vbwindwo(product).vbedit9prate).getro
property(Text)
R=
vbwindwo(product.vbedit(prate.getropr
operty(text)
Ev=R*Q
Var1=
vbwindow(product).vbbutton(cal).exists
If cstr(var1)=cstr(true) then
Var2=vbwindow(product).vbbutton(cal).getropropertyexists
If cstr(var2)=cstr(true) then
Vbwindow(product).vbbutton(cal).click
Av=vbwindow(product).vbedit(amount).getroproperty(text)
If cint(Av)=cint(Ev) then
Reporter.report event micpass,myreport,result is pass
Else
Reporter.reportevent mic fail,my report,result is fail
End if
Else
Reporter.reportevent mic warning,my report,cal button does not exists
End if
Else
Reporter.reportevent mic warning,my report,cal button is disabled



End if
Get to property:
Gettoproperty is used for getting the text objects properties value
SYNTAX: var= object hierarchy.gettoproperty (property name)
Example: var= vbwindow9form1).vbbutton(add).gettopropery(text)
Note: Text objects property means the properties present in the object repository+properties present in the
secret place
Set to property:
Settoproperty Is used for setting the text objects properties value temporarily during the execution
SYNTAX: Object hierarchy.settoproperty property name,property value
Tenth case study:
Develop a script for clicking ona button for three times whose text property value will be dynamically changing
from start to stop and stop to start
OR

Form 1


Vbwindow(for
m1).vbbutton(
spb).click
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).settoproperty text,stop
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).click
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).settoproperty text,start
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(spb).click
DATA TABLE METHODS
Data table methods:












Data table methods are used for performing the operations on the runtime data table
1. Add- sheet: It is used for adding the new sheet for the runtime data table
SYNTAX: Data table.add sheetsheet name
2.Delete- sheet: It is used for deleting a specified sheet from the run time data table
SYNTAX: Data table.delete sheetsheet name
3.Import: It is used for importing the data present in all the sheets in an excel file to the runtime data table
SYNTAX: Data table.import path of the excel file
4. Import Sheet: It is used for importing specified sheet of data from the excel file to the specified sheet in the
runtime data table
SYNTAX: Data table. Import sheet path of the excel file, source sheet id, destination sheet id
5.Export: It is used for exporting the complete data present in the run time data table to a specified location
SYNTAX: Data table. export Path of the location with a file name.xls extension
6.Export Sheet: It is used for exporting the data present in a specified sheet in the run time data table to a
specified location
SYNTAX: Data table .export sheet path of the location with a file name.xls extension, sheet id to be exported.
7.Set currant row: It is used for making the QTP focus on a specified row
SYNTAX: Data table. Set currant row (row number)
8.Set next row: It is used for making the QTP focused on the next of the currently focused row
SYNTAX: Data table. Set next row
9.Set Prev Row: It is used for making the QTP focus on the previous row of the currently focused tow
SYNTAX: Data table. Set prev row
10. Value Method: It is used for getting a value from a specified sheet, specified column and currently focused
row.
SYNTAX: Variable= Data Table. Value ( column name, sheet id)
11. Get Sheet: It is used for making the QTP to focus on a specified sheet
SYNTAX: Data table. Get sheet (sheet id)
12Get Row Count: It is used for getting the row count of a global sheet
If at all one wants to get the row count of a specified sheet first of all they need to make the QTP to focus on a
specified sheet and then get the row count
SYNTAX 1: Variable= Data Table. Get row count
SYNTAX 2: Variable= Data Table. Get sheet (sheet id). Get row count
Example:
Data table. Addsheet Sri
Data table.import sheet e:\Sri\td122.xls,1,3
N=Data table.get sheet( 3).getrowcount
For i= 1 to n
Data table. Set currant row( i )
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(val1).set data table(v1,3)
Vbwindow(form1).vbedit(val2).set data table(v2,3)
Vbwindow(form1).vbbutton(add).click
Val = exp data table.value ("ev", 3)
Act val= vbwindow(form1).vbedit(res).getroproperty(text)
If (exp val= act val) then
Data table (res,3)= pass
Else
Data table (res,3)= fail
End if
Next
Data table.export sheet D;\fl_automation\log\file2.xls,3
Data table.delete Sri
Input/Out put Parameters:
One ca pass number of values in to the function while calling and a function can return only
one value.
Example:

Function add(a,b) Main program
Res= a+b Add(10,20)
Add= res Msg box var
End function
Input/Out put parameters concept is used for passing some
values in to the action to return some values once the execution is finish
To do the same one has to declare the desired number of input parameters and out put parameters at the
action, which is about to be called
Navigation:
Activate the menu item test
Select the option action properties
Select the parameters tab
Declare the desired number of input/output parameters
Using the corresponding add buttons
Click on OK



Exmaple
vbwindow ("Form1"). VbEdit ("val1"). September parameter ("a")
vbwindow ("Form1"). VbEdit ("val2"). September parameter ("b")
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("ADD").Click
var= vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("res").GetROProperty "text"
Parameter ("c") = var
vbwindow("Form1").Vbbutton("SUB").Click
var1=vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("res").GetROProperty "textA"
parameter ("d") = var1
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("CLEAR").Click
At the calling point one need to specify the input values in a sequence separated by commas
and the variable names in a sequence in order to catch the return value
Example: Take the new test
Run action "action1[inout122]", one iteration,20,30,r1,r2
msg box r1
msg box r2
Automation Object Model
Automation object model: (AOM)
Automation object model is a concept provided to automate the operations on QTP through scripting
Dim qtapp
Dim qttest
Set qtapp= create object (quicktest.application)
Qtapp.launch
Qtapp.visible
Qtapp.opend:\aom1, true
Set QtTest = qtapp.test
Qttest.run
Qttest.close
Qtapp.open d:\aom122, true
Set QtTest = qtapp.test
Qttest.run
Attest.close
Qtapp.quit
Data Base Connection
M.S Access Connection:
Dim con, rs
Set con = createobject("adodb.connection")
Set rs= createobject("adodb,recordset")
con.provider= "microsoft.jet.oledb.4.)0"
con.open "d: \ test data.mbd"
rs.open "select * from info", con
Do while not rs.eof
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val1").Set rs.fields("v1")
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val2".set rs.fields("v2")
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("add").Click
rs.movenext
Loop
Oracle connection:
Con .open provider =oraoledb.1;server=local host;uid=scott;pwd=tiger;database=testdata;
SQLServer connection:
Con.open provider= sqloledb.1; server=local host; uid=sa; pwd=; database= test data;
Happy learning Best of Luck
QTP 9.0,9.1,9.2
QTP 9.0:
Test menu item is renamed as Automation
Settings option is moved from test menu item to file menu item
Quality center connection option is moved from tools menu item to file menu item
Step menu item is removed and all the options present under it are kept in the edit menu
item
A new menu item window is introduced used for managing the window
A new option by name function definition generator is introduced which is used for
creating the functions easily
New options are provided for commenting and un commenting the block of statements
A new option by name check syntax is introduced under tools menu item used for
checking the syntax of script
Some of the options related to the resources like object repository, recovery scenario
manager are moved from tools menu item to a new menu item resources
A new menu item resourced is introduced with some new options like object repository
manager and associate repositories
Object repository manager is used for creating and managing the shared repositories with
out having any connection to the test
Anatomy of QTP 9.0:
QTP 9.0 screen can be divided in to 7 parts
1. Test pane
2. Active screen
3. Data table
4. Debug viewer pane
5. Tool Options
6. Information screen
7. Missing resources screen
6.Information screen:
Information pane is used for viewing the syntax related information during the syntax
Check
Main change: One can associate one or more shared repositories to an action a part from its local repository
7.Missing resources:
When the test is being open if at all any associate resources like repositories, library files, recovery files are
missing then the complete information related to that will be shown in the missing resource pane
QTP 9.1:
A new feature by name navigate and learn is introduced present in multiple pages or
windows continuously by navigating
A new feature by name object repository comparison tool is introduced which is used for
comparing two shared repositories
QTP 9.1 is compatible with windows vista operating system and .net frame 2.0
environment
The script editor is made user friendly
The company has announced that they will provide license for all the add ins also
QTP 9.2:
A new feature by name screen recorder is provided which is used for recording the movie
of the execution and that can be played back during the result analysis for better
understanding
One can handle the object repositories dynamically through scripting with the help of an
utility object repositories collection
Example:
Repath= d:\r1.tsr
Repositories collection.remove all( )
Repositories collection.add(repath)
vbwindow ("Form1"). VbEdit ("val1"). set "10"
vbwindow("Form1").VbEdit("val2").Set 20
vbwindow("Form1").VbButton("ADD").Click
Pos= repositories collection.find(repath)
Repositories collection.remove(pos)
Object spy functionality is enhanced in such a weather one can view multiple objects
information continuously by keeping the mouse pointer over the object
QTP 9.2 is compatible with the following browser
Internet explorer 7.0
Mozilla fire fox2.0
Net space navigation 8.1.0
Posted by pothurajuat 10:28 AM
Labels: QTP Notes
4 comments:

venigalla said ...
thank you alot
September 25, 2009 at 10:03 AM

venigalla said ...
i am looking for this from some many days.I am also a mindq student.,.
September 25, 2009 at 10:04 AM

Amara said ...
Hello, this is mrunali .
Your blog is very helpful.
Thank u so much.
July 10, 2010 at 2:42 PM

venugopal said...
Thanks a lot.....
i am an online tutor. so u have helped me a lot.
August 1, 2011 at 8:50 AM
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