Review for Math 115 midterm 1

Here is a brief list of topics you should review for the rst exam (Note: anything we have had
homework on or done in class is fair game, even if it is not expressly described below. The list
below is merely intended to help you organize your studying and to remind you of some of the most
important topics.).
Derivatives you should know:
d
dx
[x
n
] = nx
n1
d
dx
[e
x
] = e
x
d
dx
[sin x] = cos x
d
dx
[cos x] = sin x
d
dx
[tan x] = sec
2
x
d
dx
[sec x] = sec xtan x
d
dx
[csc x] = csc xcot x
d
dx
[cot x = csc
2
x
d
dx
[ln x] =
1
x
d
dx
[arctan(x)] =
1
1 + x
2
You should also know the product rule, the quotient rule, and the chain rule.
Antiderivatives/Indenite Integrals
You should know the following antiderivatives:

x
n
dx =
x
n+1
n + 1
+ C, (n = 1)

1
x
dx = ln |x| + C

e
x
dx = e
x
+ C

sin x dx = cos x + C

cos x dx = sin x + C

sec
2
x dx = tan x + C

sec xtan x dx = sec x + C

tan x dx = ln | sec x| + C

csc
2
x dx = cot x + C

csc xcot x dx = csc x + C

1
1 + x
2
dx = tan
1
x + C
Riemann sumsestimating
You should know how to estimate denite integrals/signed areas by using Riemann sums
with right or left endpoints. You should be able to sketch the graph and the associated
rectangles. You should also know what the notation R
n
and L
n
mean.
Problems involving position, velocity, and acceleration
Problems where you need to nd f(x) if you are given f

(x) or f

(x) and you know the value

of f(a) and/or f

(a) for some number a.

Denite integrals and what they represent graphically
How to use a picture to evaluate a denite integral
How to evaluate denite integrals in general
You will need to determine what method to use (drawing a picture, using the Funda-
mental Theorem of Calculus, Using a u-substitution).
Properties of denite integrals
*

a
b
f(x) dx =

b
a
f(x) dx
*

b
a
f(x) dx +

c
b
f(x) dx =

c
a
f(x) dx
*

b
a
cf(x) dx = c

b
a
f(x) dx
*

b
a
[f(x) + g(x)] dx =

b
a
f(x) dx +

b
a
g(x) dx
How to use the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Part I
Dont forget to practice problems that use the Chain Rule or the Properties of Denite
Integrals
Problems may also involve graphs, nding second derivatives, or using the rst or second
derivative to determine things like where the function has a local max or min or where
it is concave up or down.
U-substitutions
Make sure that you know how to use u-substitution for both indenite and denite
integrals. Dont forget to change the limits of integration from x labels to u-labels.
Net Change (or Total Change) theorem: If f

(x) is a rate of change, then

b
a
f

(x) dx gives
the total change in f between x = a and x = b. In words: integrating a rate of change from
a to b gives the amount of change from a to b.
Know how to use the Net Change Theorem to explain what expressions or equations
involving integrals represent.
Know how to use the Net Change Theorem to nd how much something has changed or
the current value of a function.
Know how to nd the displacement and total distance travelled by an object if you know
the velocity function (dont forget that total distance involves integrating an absolute
value function - make sure you know how to do that!)
Area Between Two Curves
Know how to nd the area between two curves and whether you should integrate with
respect to x (top curve minus bottom curve) or with respect to y (right curve minus
left curve). Make sure you know how to handle situations in which the top and bottom
curve switch places.
Note: Any problem that is similar to examples done in class or problems in the homework (suggested
or Webwork) is fair game. There may also be a problem that is not totally similar to anything we
have done but instead tests your understanding of the concepts.
To study: Look at the examples done in class. Go over your Webwork. Test your understanding
of the material by doing the practice problems below. For any section that you are still having
trouble with, do suggested problems.
1. Evaluate
(a)

1
0
(x +

1 x
2
) dx [Hint: split into 2 integrals, and use a picture for the second one.]
(b)

sec x(sec x + tan x) dx

(c)

x + 2

x
2
+ 4x
dx
(d)

e
arctan x
1 + x
2
dx
(e)

sec(3x) tan(3x) dx
(f)

ln(8)
ln(3)
e
x

1 + e
x
dx
(g)

x
5
5

x
3
+ 1 dx
(h)

2
0
(x
2
|x 1|) dx
(i)

x
dx
2. Use the graph of f to calculate R
3
and L
3
approximations of

6
0
f(x) dx
3. Evaluate
(a)

1
0
d
dx

e
arctan x

dx
(b)
d
dx

1
0
e
arctan x
dx

(c)
d
dx

x
0
e
arctan t
dt

4. Dierentiate the function g(x) =

5
sin x

t
2
+ sec(t)

dt
5. Let r(t) be the rate at which the worlds oil is consumed where t is measured in years starting
at t = 0 on January 1, 2000, and r(t) is measured in barrels per year. What does

8
0
r(t) dt
represent?
6. If f(1) = 12 and

4
1
f

(x) dx = 17, what is f(4)?

7. Let g(x) =

x
0
f(t) dt where g is the function whose graph is below.
(a) At what values of x do the local maximum and minimum values of g occur?
(b) Where does g attain its absolute maximum value?
(c) On what intervals is g concave downward?
8. Find the area of the region enclosed by the curves y = 12 x
2
and y = x
2
6.
Answers:
1. (a)
1
2
+

4
(b) tan x + sec x + C
(c)

x
2
+ 4x + C
(d) e
arctan x
+ C
(e)
1
3
sec(3x) + C
(f)
38
3
(g)
1
3

5
11
(x
3
+ 1)
11/5

5
6
(x
3
+ 1)
6/5

+ C
(h) 5/3
(i) 2e

x
+ C
2. R
3
= 2(4) + 2(1) + 2(3)
L
3
= 2(2) + 2(4) + 2(1)
3. (a) e
arctan(1)
e
arctan(0)
(b) 0
(c) e
arctanx
4. g

(x) =

sin
2
x + sec(sin x)(cos x)
5. The number of barrels of oil consumed from January 1, 2000 through January 1, 2008.
6. 29
7. (a) local max at x = 1 and x = 5; local min at x = 3 and x = 7
(b) x = 9
(c) (
1
2
, 2), (4, 6), (8, 9)
8. 72