Degree/Radian Circle

In everyone's experience it is usual to measure angles in degrees. We learn early in

childhood that there are 360 degrees in a circle, that there are 90 degrees in a right
angle, and that the angle of an equilateral triangle contains 60 degrees. On the other
hand, to scientists, engineers, and mathematicians it is usual to measure angles in
radians.
The size of a radian is determined by the requirement that there are 2 radians in a
circle. Thus 2 radians equals 360 degrees. This means that 1 radian = 180/ degrees,
and 1 degree = /180 radians.
The reason for this is that so many formulas become much easier to write and to
understand when radians are used to measure angles. A very good example is
provided by the formula for the length of a circular arc. If A and B are two points
on a circle of radius R and center C, then the length of the arc of the circle connecting
them is given by
d(A,B) = R a,
where R is the radius of the sphere, and a is the angle ACB measured in radians. If we
measure the angle in degrees, then the formula is
d(A,B) = R a /180,
These formulas can be checked by noticing that the arc length is proportional to the
angle, and then checking the formula for the full circle, i.e., when a = 2 radians (or
360 degrees).
The figure below gives the relationship between degrees and radians for the most
common angles in the unit circle measured in the counterclockwise direction from the
point to the right of the vertex. The form of the ordered pair is {degree measure,
radian measure}

Time measure
Angle
Measure
1 Day
360
Degrees
1 Hour
15
Degrees
4 Minutes 1 Degree
1 Minute
0.25
Degree
Material Density
Aluminum 0.0975
Ampco Metal 0.2740
SAE 660 Bearing Bronze 0.3180
Brass 0.3080
Copper 0.3230
Cupro Nickel 0.3230
Gold 0.6970
Iron 0.2840
Lead 0.4100
Magnesium 0.0610
Manganese 0.2670
Muntz Metal 0.3080
Naval Brass 0.3040
Nickel 0.3220
Platinum 0.7750
Silver 0.3780
Stainless Steel 0.2871
Steel 0.2840
Tin 0.2640
Tobin Bronze 0.3040
Zinc 0.2580Density of Steel
The Physics Factbook
Edited by Glenn Elert -- Written by his students
An educational, Fair Use website
topic index | author index | special index
Bibliographic Entry
Result
(w/surrounding text)
Standardized
Result
Topic 3.5b Stress probs 2
(determinate). University
of Wisconsin-Stout
Physics Department, 20
January 1998.
"The density of steel is 490
pounds per cubic foot."
7.85 g/cm
3

Alcir
Grohmann.Polystyrene
Cutter. Ask A Scientist.
Argonne National
"To know the area: you could
weight [sic] the wire and
considering that the density of
steel is approximately
7.8 g/cm
3

Laboratory. 7.8 g/cm3 having the length
you can estimate the Area
[sic]."
Materials Sorted by
Category Then Density.
Marcus Materials.
[see table 1]
7.47
8.03 g/cm
3

CRC Handbook of
Chemistry and Physics.
75th edition. Florida:
Chemical Rubber Co,
1994.
[see table 2]
7.86
7.9 g/cm
3

Scott Hawkins. Re: What
is the density of steel?
MadSci Network.
11 September 1997.
"The short answer to your
question is that the density of
plain mild steel is 7.85. The
long answer is that depending
on where you look, or the
grade of steel that you are
talking about can change this
value. A density of 7.88 is
often quoted for mild steel as
well. If you add alloying
elements such as tungsten,
chrome or manganese to
improve the steel, the density
will change. So the long
answer is that the density of
steel can vary between 7.75
and 8.05."
7.75
8.05 g/cm
3