TORTS & DAMAGES

COURSE SYLLABUS
1ST SEMESTER, SY 2014 2015
JESS RAYMUND M. LOPEZ
I.

INTRODUCTION
A.

Sources of obligations under Philippine law

Civil Code
o Articles 1156 to 1162, and 2176
Memorize: Articles 1157 and 2176

Read: Report of the Code Commission, pp. 161 to 162

Review: Causes of action (Rules of Court)

B.

Quasi-delict
obligations

Quasi-delict v. Breach of contract

o

distinguished

from

other

sources

of

Cases

1.
Cangco v. Manila Railroad Co., 38 Phil. 768 (1918)
2.
Air France v. Carrascoso, 18 SCRA 155 (1966)
3.
Singson v. Bank of the Philippine Islands, G.R. No. L-24837; 23 SCRA
1117 (1968)
4.
Philippine School of Business Administration v. Court of Appeals, G.R.
No. 84698, February 4, 1992
5.
Fabre v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 111127, July 26, 1996
6.
Light Rail Transit Authority v. Navidad, 397 SCRA 75 (2003)
-

Quasi-delict v. Delicts
o

Revised Penal Code

Articles 100 and 365

Cases

1.
2.

Barredo v. Garcia, 73 Phil. 607 (1942)

Elcano v. Hill, G.R. No. L-24803, May 26, 1977

II.

QUASI-DELICT
A.

Elements

Cases

1.
Andamo v. Intermediate Appellate Court, G.R. No. 74761, November
6, 1990
2.
Huang v. Philippine Hoteliers Inc., G.R. No. 180440, December 5, 2012
3.
Lucas v. Tuao, G.R. No. 178763, April 21, 2009
B.

No Double Recovery Rule

Civil Code
o Articles 1161, 2176 and 2177
Memorize Article 2177

Cases

1.
Joseph v. Bautista, 170 SCRA 540 (1989)
2.
Padua v. Robles, G.R. No. L-40486, August 29, 1975
3.
Atlantic Gulf and Pacific Company of Manila, Inc., v. Court of Appeals,
G.R. No. 114841-42, October 20, 1995
4.
Lim v. Ping, G.R. No. 175256, August 23, 2012
C.

Person/s liable; nature of liability

Civil Code
o Article 2194 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Worcester v. Ocampo, G.R. No. 5932, February 27, 1912
2.
Philippine National Construction Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R.
No. 159270, August 22, 2005
3.
Chan, Jr., v. Iglesia Ni Cristo, Inc., G.R. No. 160283, October 14, 2005
4.
Cerezo v. Tuazon, G.R. No. 141538, March 23, 2004
5.
Spouses Perea v. Spouses Zarate, G.R. No. 157917, August 29, 2012
III.

NEGLIGENCE
A.

Concept

Civil Code
o Articles 2178, 1172, 1173, and 1733
Memorize: Articles 1172 to 1174

Cases

1.
Picart v. Smith, 37 Phil. 809 (1918)
2.
Corliss v. Manila Railroad Co., G.R. No. L-21291, March 28, 1969
3.
United States v. Bonifacio, G.R. No. 10563, March 2, 1916
4.
Cusi v. Philippine National Railways, G.R. No. L-29889, May 31, 1979
5.
Wright v. Manila Electric R.R. & Light Co., G.R. No. 7760, October 1,
1914
6.
People v. De Los Santos, G.R. No. 131588, March 27, 2001
7.
Jarco Marketing Corporation v. Court of Appeals, 321 SCRA 375 (1999)
8.
Hidalgo Enterprises, Inc. v. Balandan, G.R. No. L-3422, June 13, 1952
9.
Sarmiento v. Cabrido, 401 SCRA 122 (2003)
10.
Francisco v. Chemical Bulk Carriers, Incorporated, G.R. No. 193577,
September 7, 2011
11.
Pacis v. Morales, G.R. No. 169467, February 25, 2010
12.
Makati Shangri-La Hotel and Resort, Inc. v. Harper, G.R. No. 189998,
August 29, 2012
13.
The Consolidated Bank and Trust Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R.
No. 138569, September 11, 2003
14.
Garcia-Rueda v. Pascasio, G.R. No. 118141, September 5, 1997
15.
Li v. Soliman, G.R. No. 165279, June 7, 2011
16.
Adarne v. Aldaba, A.C. No. 801, June 27, 1978
17.
Isaac v. A.L. Ammen Transportation Co., Inc., G.R. No. L-9671, August
23, 1957
18.
Calvo v. UCPB General Insurance Co., Inc., G.R. No. 148496, March
19, 2002

19.
Ridjo Tape & Chemical Corp., v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 126074,
February 24, 1998
B.

Negligence as proximate cause

Cases

1.
Bataclan v. Medina, 102 Phil. 181 (1957)
2.
Urbano v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 157 SCRA 1 (1988)
3.
Gabeto v. Araneta, 42 Phil. 252 (1921)
4.
Phoenix Construction, Inc., v. Intermediate Appellate Court, G.R. No.
65295, March 10, 1987
5.
Austria v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 133323, March 9, 2000
6.
Umali v. Bacani, G.R. No. L-40570, January 30, 1976
7.
Calalas v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 122039, May 31, 2000

1.

C.

Proof of Negligence

Rules of Court
o Rule 131, Sections 1, 2 and 3(d)

Case

Ong v. Metropolitan Water District, 104 Phil. 397 (1958)

D.

Presumption of Negligence
(i)

Res ipsa loquitur

Cases

1.
Africa v. Caltex, 16 SCRA 448 (1966)
2.
DM Consunji v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 137873, April 20, 2001
3.
National Power Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 124378,
March 8, 2005
4.
Cebu Shipyard and Engineering Works, Inc., v. William Lines, Inc., 306
SCRA 762 (1999)
5.
Perla Compania de Seguros, Inc., v. Spouses Sarangaya, G.R. No.
147746, October 25, 2005
6.
Huang v. Philippine Hoteliers Inc., G.R. No. 180440, December 5, 2012
7.
Batiquin v. Court of Appeals, 258 SCRA 334 (1996)
8.
Cantre v. Go, G.R. No. 160889, April 27, 2007
9.
Professional Services, Inc., v. Agana, 513 SCRA 478 (2007)
10.
Ramos v. Court of Appeals, 321 SCRA 584 (1999) and Ramos v. Court
of Appeals, 380 SCRA 467 (2002)
11.
Reyes v. Sisters of Mercy Hospital, 341 SCRA 760 (2000)
(ii)

Violation of rules and statutes

a. Traffic rules (Memorize Articles 2184 and 2185)
b. Republic Act No. 10586, Section 13, and
implementing rules and regulations

1.
2.
3.

Cases

United States v. Juanillo, 23 Phil. 212 (1912)

Chapman v. Underwood, G.R. No. 9010, March 28, 1914
Caedo v. Yu Khe Thai, 26 SCRA 410 (1968)

4.
Serra v. Mumar, G.R. No. 193861, March 14, 2012
5.
Mallari v. Court of Appeals, 324 SCRA 147 (2000)
6.
FGU Insurance Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 118889,
March 23, 1998
7.
PCI Leasing and Finance, Inc., v. UCPB General Insurance Co., Inc.,
557 SCRA 141 (2008)
8.
Aonuevo v. Court of Appeals, 441 SCRA 24 (2004)
c. Statutes and ordinances/administrative rules
-

Cases

1.
Marinduque Iron Mines Agents, Inc., v. Workmens Compensation
Commission, 99 Phil. 480 (1956)
2.
FF Cruz and Co., Inc., v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 52732, August 29,
1988
3.
Cipriano v. Court of Appeals, 263 SCRA 711
4.
Sanitary Steam Laundry v. Court of Appeals, 300 SCRA 20 (1998)
(iii)

Dangerous weapons and substances

Civil Code
o Article 2188 (Memorize)

Case

1.

Araneta v. Arreglado, 104 Phil. 529 (1958)

IV.

DEFENSES
A.

Plaintiffs negligence is the proximate cause of injury

Civil Code
o Article 2179 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Taylor v. Manila Electric Railroad and Light Co., 16 Phil. 8 (1910)
2.
Fernando v. Court of Appeals, 208 SCRA 714 (1992)
3.
PLDT v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 57079, September 12, 1989
4.
Kim v. Philippine Aerial Taxi Co., Inc., G.R. No. 39309, November 24,
1933
5.
American Express International, Inc., v. Cordero, G.R. No. 138550,
October 14, 2005
6.
Cayao-Lasam v. Spouses Ramolete, G.R. No. 159132, December 18,
2008
7.
Pantaleon v. American Express International, Inc., G.R. No. 174269,
August 25, 2010

1.

B.

Contributory negligence

Civil Code
o Article 2179 (Memorize)

Cases

Rakes v. The Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific Company, 7 Phil. 359 (1907)

2.
Bernal v. House and Tacloban Electric & Ice Plant, Ltd., 54 Phil. 327
(1930)
3.
National Power Corporation v. Casionan, G.R. No. 165969, November
27, 2008
4.
Lambert v. Heirs of Rey Castillon, 452 SCRA 285 (2005)
5.
Estacion v. Bernardo, G.R. No. 144723, February 27, 2006
6.
Philippine National Railways v. Brunty, G.R. No. 169891, November 2,
2006

1.
2.
3.

C.

Assumption of Risk

Cases

Afialda v. Hisole, 85 Phil. 67 (1949)

Ilocos Norte Electric Company v. Court of Appeals, 179 SCRA 5, (1989)
Transporto v. Mijares, 1 CAR 2s 860 (1961)
D.

Last Clear Chance

Cases

1.
Picart v. Smith, 37 Phil. 809 (1918)
2.
Philippine National Railways Corporation v. Vizcara, G.R. No. 190022,
February 15, 2012
3.
Achevara v. Ramos, G.R. No. 175172, September 29, 2009
4.
Bank of America NT & SA v. Philippine Racing Club, G.R. No. 150228,
July 30, 2009
5.
Lapanday Agricultural and Development Corporation v. Angala, G.R.
No. 153076, June 21, 2007
6.
Tiu v. Arriesgado, 437 SCRA 426 (2004)

1.
2.
3.
4.
2006

E.

Prescription

Civil Code
o Article 1146

Cases

Ferrer v. Ericta, G.R. No. L-41767, August 23, 1978

Kramer v. Court of Appeals, 178 SCRA 518 (1989)
Santos v. Pizardo, G.R. No. 151452, July 29, 2005
De Guzman v. Toyota Cubao, Inc., G.R. No. 141480, November 29,
F.

Fortuitous Event

Civil Code
o Article 1174 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Gotesco v. Chatto, 210 SCRA 18 (1992)
2.
Servando v. Philippine Steam Navigation Co., 117 SCRA 832 (1982)
3.
Edgar Cokaliong Shipping Lines v. UCPB General Insurance Company,
G.R. No. 146018, June 25, 2003
G.

Waiver

Civil Code
o Articles 6 and 1170

Cases

1.
Gatchalian v. Delim, 203 SCRA 126 (1991)
2.
Sabena Belgian World Airlines v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 104685,
March 14, 1996
3.
Valenzuela Hardwood and Industrial Supply, Inc. v. Court of Appeals,
G.R. No. 102316, June 30, 1997
4.
YHT Realty Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 126780,
February 17, 2005
H.

Emergency

Cases

1.
Gan v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-44264, September 19, 1988
2.
McKee v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 211 SCRA 517 (1992)
3.
Valenzuela v. Court of Appeals, G.R. Nos. 115024 & 117944, February
7, 1996
4.
Delsan Transport Lines, Inc., v. C&A Construction, Inc., G.R. No.
156034, October 1, 2003
5.
Orix Metro Leasing and Finance Corporation v. Mangalinao, G.R. Nos.
174089 & 174266, January 25, 2012
I.

Damnum absque injuria

Cases

1.
Farolan v. Solmac Marketing Corporation, G.R. No. 83589, March 13,
1991
2.
BPI Express Card Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 120639,
September 25, 1998
3.
Custodio v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 116100, February 9, 1996
4.
Amonoy v. Gutierrez, G.R. No. 140420, February 15, 2001
5.
DOLE Philippines, Inc., v. Rodriguez, G.R. No. 174646, August 22,
2012
V.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

VICARIOUS LIABILITY
-

Civil Code
o Articles 2180, 2181, 2182 (Memorize)

A.

Parents and Guardians

Family Code (as amended by RA 6809)

o Articles 219, 221, 236

Cases

Exconde v. Capuno, 101 Phil. 843 (1957)

Tamargo v. Court of Appeals, 209 SCRA 518 (1992)
Libi v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 214 SCRA 16 (1992)
Cuadra v. Monfort, G.R. No. L-24101, September 30, 1970
St. Marys Academy v. Carpitanos, G.R. No. 143363, February 6, 2002
B.

Owners and Managers of Enterprises/Employers

Cases

1.
Dela Llana v. Biong, G.R. No. 182356, December 4, 2013
2.
Cangco v. Manila Railroad Co., 38 Phil. 768 (1918)
3.
Castilex Industrial Corporation v. Vasquez, 321 SCRA 393 (1999)
4.
Jose v. Court of Appeals, G.R. Nos. 118441-42, January 18, 2000
5.
Bahia v. Litonjua, 30 Phil. 624 (1915)
6.
Philippine Rabbit Bus Lines, In c., v. Phil-American Forwarders, Inc.,
G.R. No. L-25142, March 25, 1975
7.
Martin v. Court of Appeals, 205 SCRA 591 (1992)
8.
St. Francis High School v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 82465, February
25, 1991
9.
Mercury Drug Corporation v. Huang, G.R. No. 172122, June 22, 2007
10.
Sanitary Steam Laundry v. Court of Appeals, 300 SCRA 20 (1998)
11.
Carticiano v. Nuval, G.R. No. 138054, September 28, 2000
12.
Universal Aquarius, Inc., v. Q.C. Human Resources Management
Corporation, G.R. No. 155990, September 12, 2007
13.
Filamer Christian Institute v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 75112,
October 16, 1990 and Filamer Christian Institute v. Court of Appeals, G.R.
No. 75112, August 17, 1992
14.
Jayme v. Apostol, G.R. No. 163609, November 27, 2008
15.
Filcar Transport Services v. Espinas, G.R. No. 174156, June 20, 2012
16.
Del Carmen v. Bacoy, G.R. No. 173870, April 25, 2012
17.
Maranan v. Perez, G.R. No. L-22272, June 26, 1967
18.
Ramos v. Court of Appeals, 321 SCRA 584 (1999) and Ramos v. Court
of Appeals, 380 SCRA 467 (2002)
19.
Nogales v. Capitol Medical Center, G.R. No. 142625, December 19,
2006
20.
Professional Services, Inc., v. Agana, 513 SCRA 478 (2007) and
Professional Services, Inc., v. Agana, G.R. Nos. 126297, 126467, 127590,
February 2, 2010
21.
Manila Doctors Hospital v. So Un Chua, G.R. No. 150355, July 31,
2006
22.
Bank of the Philippine Islands v. Casa Montessori Internationale, G.R.
No. 149454, May 28, 2004
23.
Ramos v. COL Realty Corporation, G.R. No. 184905, August 28, 2009
See also The Consolidated Bank and Trust Corporation v. Court of Appeals,
G.R. No. 138569, September 11, 2003.
C.

The State

Cases

1.
Merritt v. Government of the Philippine Islands, G.R. No. 11154, March
21, 1916
2.
Fontanilla v. Maliaman, G.R. No. 55963, December 1, 1989, and
Fontanilla v. Maliaman, G.R. No. 55963 & 61045, February 27, 1991

1.

D.

Teachers and Heads of Establishments

Family Code
o Articles 218 and 219

Cases

Mercado v. Court of Appeals, 108 Phil. 414 (1960)

2.
3.
4.
5.
1988
6.

Palisoc v. Brillantes, 41 SCRA 557 (1971)

Amadora v. Court of Appeals, 160 SCRA 315 (1988)
Ylarde v. Aquino, G.R. No. L-33722, July 29, 1988
Salvosa v. Intermediate Appellate Court, G.R. No. 70458, October 5,
Aquinas School v. Inton, G.R. No. 184202, January 26, 2011
E.

Right to Reimbursement

Case

1.

Philippine Rabbit Bus Lines v. Intermediate Appellate Court, G.R. No.

66102-04, August 30, 1990
See Cerezo v. Tuazon, G.R. No. 141538, March 23, 2004
F.
Distinguished from subsidiary liability under the Revised
Penal Code
-

Revised Penal Code

o Articles 102 and 103

Cases

1.
2.
3.

Carpio v. Doroja, 180 SCRA 1 (1989)

Bantoto v. Bobis, 18 SCRA 690 (1966)
Yonaha v. Court of Appeals, 255 SCRA 397 (1996)

VI.

PRIMARY LIABILITY

1.

1.

Civil Code
o Articles 2183 to 2193, and 1723 (Memorize)

A.

Possessors/users of animals

Case

Vestil v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 179 SCRA 47 (1989)

B.

Owners of Motor Vehicles

See Section III(D)(ii)(a) above.

C.

Manufacturers and Processors

Case

Coca-Cola Bottlers v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 110295, October 18,

1993.

1.
2.

D.

Municipal Corporations

Republic Act No. 7160, Section 24

Cases

City of Manila v. Teotico, 22 SCRA 267 (1968)

Jimenez v. City of Manila, 150 SCRA 510 (1987)

3.

1.

Guilatco v. City of Dagupan, 171 SCRA 382 (1989)

E.

Building Proprietors

Cases

De Roy v. Court of Appeals, 157 SCRA 757 (1988)

F.

Engineers/Architects/Contractors

Cases

1.
Nakpil & Sons v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-47851, October 3, 1986,
and Nakpil & Sons v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-47851, April 15, 1988

VII.

G.

Strict liability torts

Liability is imposed even without fault or negligence.

SPECIAL TORTS (HUMAN RELATIONS)

A.

Abuse of Rights and acts contra bonus mores

Civil Code
o Articles 19 to 21 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Far East Bank and Trust Company v. Pacilan, G.R. No. 157314, July
29, 2005
2.
Rellosa v. Pellosis, G.R. No. 138964, August 9, 2001
3.
Cebu Country Club, Inc., v. Elizagaque, G.R. No. 160273, January 18,
2008
4.
Nikko Hotel Manila Garden v. Reyes, G.R. No. 154259, February 28,
2005
5.
Calatagan Golf Club, Inc., v. Clemente, G.R. No. 165443, April 16,
2009
6.
University of the East v. Jader, G.R. No. 132344, February 17, 2000
7.
Albenson Enterprises Corp. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 88694,
January 11, 1993
8.
Martires v. Cokieng, G.R. No. 150192, February 17, 2005
9.
Globe Mackay Cable and Radio Corp. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
81262, August 25, 1989
10.
Ford v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 51171-72, June 4, 1990
11.
Hermosisima v. Court of Appeals, 109 Phil. 628 (1960)
12.
Wassmer v. Velez, 12 SCRA 648 (1964)
13.
Baksh v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 97336, February 19, 1993
14.
Garciano v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 96126, August 10, 1992
B.

Unjust Enrichment

Civil Code
o Articles 22 and 23 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Security Bank & Trust Company v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 117009,
October 11, 1995

10

2.
Uy v. Public Estates Authority, G.R. No. 147925-26, July 7, 2010
3.
Car Cool Philippines, Inc., v. Ushio Realty and Development
Corporation, G.R. No. 138088, January 23, 2006
4.
Almario v. Philippine Airlines, Inc., G.R. No. 170928, September 11,
2007
5.
Grandteq Industrial Steel Products, Inc., v. Margallo, G.R. No. 181393,
July 28, 2009
C.

Judicial Vigilance

Civil Code
o Article 24 (Memorize)

Case

1.

Everett Steamship Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 122494,

October 8, 1998
D.

Thoughtless Extravagance

Civil Code
o Article 25 (Memorize)

E.

Disrespect of Persons

Civil Code
o Article 26 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Gregorio v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 179799, September 11, 2009
2.
Manaloto v. Veloso, G.R. No. 171365, October 6, 2010
3.
Radio Communications of the Philippines, Inc., v. Verchez, G.R. No.
164349, January 31, 2006
F.

Dereliction of Duty

Civil Code
o Article 27 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Philippine Match Co., Ltd., v. City of Cebu, G.R. No. L-30745, January
18, 1978
2.
Tuzon v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 90107, August 21, 1992
3.
Vital-Gozon v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 129132, July 8, 1998
4.
Torio v. Fontanilla, G.R. No. L-29993, October 23, 1978

1.

G.

Unfair Competition

Civil Code
o Article 28 (Memorize)

Case

Calamba Medical Center, Inc., v. National Labor Relations Commission,

G.R. No. 176484, November 25, 2008

11

H.

Violation of Civil/Political Rights

Civil Code
o Article 32 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Lim v. De Leon, 66 SCRA 299 (1975)
2.
MHP Garments, Inc., v. Court of Appeals, 236 SCRA 227 (1994)
3.
Newsweek v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 142 SCRA 141 (1986)
4.
MVRS Publications, Inc., v. Islamic DaWah Council of the Philippines,
G.R. No. 135306, January 28, 2003
5.
Silahis International Hotel v. Soluta, G.R. No. 163087, February 20,
2006
VIII. TORTIOUS INTERFERENCE WITH CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS
-

Civil Code
o Article 1314 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Gilchrist v. Cuddy, 29 Phil. 542 (1915)

Daywalt v. Corporacion de PP Agustinos Recoletos, 39 Phil. 587 (1919)
Tayag v. Lacson, 426 SCRA 282 (2004)
Yu v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 86683, January 21, 1993
So Ping Bun v. Court of Appeals, 314 SCRA 751 (1999)
Lagon v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 119107, March 18, 2005
Go v. Cordero, G.R. No. 164703, May 4, 2010

IX.

CIVIL LIABILITY ARISING FROM CRIMES

-

Rules of Court
o Rule 111

Civil Code
o Articles 29 to 31, and 33 to 36 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Banal v. Tadeo, G.R. No. L-78911-25, December 11, 1987
2.
Simon v. Chan, G.R. No. 157547, February 23, 2011
3.
Cancio v. Isip, G.R. No. 133978, November 12, 2002
4.
Casupanan v. Laroya, G.R. No. 145391, August 26, 2002
5.
Rodriguez v. Ponferrada, G.R. Nos. 155531-34, July 29, 2005
6.
Padilla v. Court of Appeals, 129 SCRA 558 (1984)
7.
Romero v. People, G.R. No. 167546, July 17, 2009
8.
People v. Bayotas, G.R. No. 102007, September 2, 1994
9.
Sanchez v. Far East Bank and Trust Company, G.R. No. 155309,
November 15, 2005
10.
Manliclic v. Calaunan, G.R. No. 150157, January 25, 2007
11.
Cruz v. Court of Appeals, 282 SCRA 188 (1997)
12.
Lim v. Ping, G.R. No. 175256, August 23, 2012
13.
Consing v. People, G.R. No. 161075, July 15, 2013
X.

DAMAGES
A.

In General

12

1.

Civil Code
o Articles 2195, 2197, and 2198
Memorize: Article 2197

Case

Ong v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 117103, January 21, 1999

B.

Actual Damages

Civil Code
o Articles 2199 to 2202, 2204 to 2213
o Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas Circular No. 799, series of 2013
Memorize: Articles 2199, 2200, 2201, 2202, 2204,
2205, and 2208

Cases

1.
PNOC Shipping and Transport Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R.
No. 107518, October 8, 1998
2.
Algarra v. Sandejas, 27 Phil. 284 (1914)
3.
Cerrano v. Tan Chuco, G.R. No. 12907, August 1, 1918
4.
Hicks v. Manila Hotel Company, G.R. No. 9973, November 6, 1914
5.
Justiva v. Gustilo, 7 SCRA 72 (1963)
6.
De Guia v. The Manila Electric Railroad & Light Company, G.R. No.
14335, January 28, 1920
7.
Talisay-Silay Milling Co., Inc., v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 91852, August 15,
1995
8.
Lim v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 125817, January 16, 2002
9.
Adrian Wilson International Associates, Inc., v. TMX Philippines, Inc.,
G.R. No. 162608, July 26, 2010
10.
People v. Mamaruncas, G.R. No. 179497, January 25, 2012
11.
People v. Arellano, G.R. No. 122477, June 30, 2000
12.
People v. Anticamara, G.R. No. 178771, June 8, 2011
13.
Cariaga v. Laguna Tayabas Bus Company, G.R. No. L-11037,
December 29, 1960
14.
Villa Rey Transit v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-25499, February 18,
1970
15.
Cruz v. Sun Holidays, Inc., G.R. No. 186312, June 29, 2010
16.
De Caliston v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-63135, June 24, 1983
17.
Metro Manila Transit Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
116617, November 16, 1998
18.
Tamayo v. Seora, G.R. No. 176946, November 15, 2010
19.
Philippine Hawk Corporation v. Lee, G.R. No. 166869, February 16,
2010
20.
OMC Carriers, Inc., v. Nabua, G.R. No. 148974, July 2, 2010
21.
Spouses Perea v. Spouses Zarate, G.R. No. 157917, August 29, 2012
22.
Victory Liner, Inc. v. Gammad, G.R. No. 159636, November 25, 2004
23.
Daywalt v. Corporacion de PP Agustinos Recoletos, 39 Phil. 587 (1919)
24.
Consolidated Dairy Products Co. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 100401,
August 24, 1992
25.
Continental Cement Corporation v. ASEA Brown Boveri, Inc., G.R. No.
171660, October 17, 2011
26.
Mendoza v. Philippine Air Lines, 90 Phil. 836 (1952)
27.
Araneta v. Bank of America, G.R. No. L-25414, July 30, 1971
28.
Simex International (Manila), Incorporated v. Court of Appeals, G.R.
No. 88013, March 19, 1990

13

29.
National Power Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-43814,
April 16, 1982
30.
Padilla Machine Shop v. Javilgas, G.R. No. 175960, February 19, 2008
31.
David v. Misamis Occidental II Electric Cooperative, Inc., G.R. No.
194785, July 11, 2012
32.
Lacson v. Reyes, 182 SCRA 729 (1990).
33.
Petron Corporation v. National College of Business and Arts, 516 SCRA
168 (2007)
34.
Buan v. Camaganacan, 16 SCRA 321 (1966)
35.
Villanueva v. Salvador, 480 SCRA 39 (2006)
36.
Eastern Shipping v. Court of Appeals, 234 SCRA 78 (1994)
37.
Nacar v. Gallery Frames, G.R. No. 189871, August 13, 2013
C.

Moral Damages

Civil Code
o Articles 2216 to 2220 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
Mayo v. People, G.R. No. 91201, December 5, 1991
2.
Samson v. Bank of the Philippine Islands, G.R. No. 150487, July 10,
2003
3.
Villanueva v. Salvador, G.R. No. 139436, January 25, 2006
4.
Mahinay v. Velasquez, G.R. No. 152753, January 13, 2004
5.
Mercury Drug Corporation v. Huang, G.R. No. 172122, June 22, 2007
6.
Kierulf v. Court of Appeals, 269 SCRA 433 (1997)
7.
People v. Iroy, G.R. No. 187743, March 3, 2010
8.
People v. Pareja, G.R. No. 188979, September 5, 2012
9.
People v. Rarugal, G.R. No. 188603, January 16, 2013
10.
Fores v. Miranda, G.R. No. L-12163, March 4, 1959
11.
Sulpicio Lines, Inc., v. Curso, G.R. No. 157009, March 17, 2010
12.
Bagumbayan v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 132 SCRA 441 (1984)
13.
United Coconut Planters Bank v. Ramos, 415 SCRA 596 (2003)
14.
Filipinas Broadcasting Network, Inc., v. AGO Medical and Educational
Center, G.R. No. 141994, January 17, 2005
15.
City Government of Tagaytay v. Guerrero, G.R. Nos. 140743 &
140745, September 17, 2009
16.
Philtranco Service Enterprises, Inc. v. Paras, G.R. No. 161909, April
25, 2012
See Simex International (Manila), Incorporated v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
88013, March 19, 1990.

1.
2.

D.

Nominal Damages

Civil Code
o Articles 2221 to 2223 (Memorize)

Cases

Ventanilla v. Centeno, G.R. No. L-14333, January 28, 1961

Vda. De Medina v. Cresencia, G.R. No. L-8194, July 11, 1956

See Singson v. Bank of the Philippine Islands, G.R. No. L-24837; 23 SCRA
1117 (1968).
E.

Temperate Damages

14

1.
2.
3.
4.

Civil Code
o Articles 2224 to 2225 (Memorize)

Cases

Equitable PCI Bank v. Tan, G.R. No. 165339, August 23, 2010
People v. Murcia, G.R. No. 182460, March 9, 2010
People v. Gutierrez, G.R. No. 188602, February 4, 2010
Ramos v. Court of Appeals, 321 SCRA 584 (1999)

See Araneta v. Bank of America, G.R. No. L-25414, July 30, 1971, and , G.R.
No. 140182, April 12, 2005.
F.

Liquidated Damages

Civil Code
o Articles 2226 to 2228 (Memorize)

Case

1.
Azcuna v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 116665, March 20, 1996
2.
Filinvest Land, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 138980, September
20, 2005
3.
Development Bank of the Philippines v. Family Foods Manufacturing
Co., Ltd., G.R. No. 180458, July 30, 2009

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

G.

Exemplary Damages

Civil Code
o Articles 2229 to 2235 (Memorize)

Cases

Makabali v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-46877, January 22, 1988

People v. Catubig, 363 SCRA 62 (2001)
People v. Dalisay, G.R. No. 188106, November 25, 2009
Kapalaran Bus Line v. Coronado, G.R. No. 85331, August 25, 1989
Quezon City Government v. Dacara, G.R. No. 150304, June 15, 2005

See Consolidated Dairy Products Co. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 100401,
August 24, 1992.
H.

Mitigation of Damages

Civil Code
o Articles 2203 to 2204, and 2214 to 2215 (Memorize)

Cases

1.
2.
3.
4.

Velasco v. Manila Electric Co., G.R. No. L-18390, August 6, 1971

Lim v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 125817, January 16, 2002
Sotelo v. Behn, Meyer & Co., G.R. No. 35489, December 29, 1932
Lemoine v. Alkan, G.R. No. 10422, January 11, 1916

XI.

GRADING
Recitation and Quizzes*

40%

15

Midterm exam
Final exam**
Total

20%
40%
100%

* Recitation will be conducted every session. Expect quizzes covering

assigned and/or previously-discussed lessons to be given every session.
** The Final exam will cover all topics and cases identified above.