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6'", 2005^ Answer Keys

When two dice are thrown simultaneously, what is the probability that the sum of the two numbers that turn up is
less than 11?
(1) 5/ 6 (2} 11 / 12 () 1/ 6 (!)1/12
"orrect #nswer $ (2)
Solution:
%nstead of findin& the probability of this e'ent directly, we will find the probability of the non$occurrence of this e'ent
and subtract it from 1 to &et the re(uired probability) "ombination whose sum of 12 is (6,6)) "ombinations whose
sum of 11 is (5,6), (6,5)) *herefore, there are totally occurrences out of 6 occurrences that satisfy the &i'en
condition) +robability whose sum of two numbers is &reater than or e(ual to 11 , / 6 , 1 /12) -ence probability
whose sum of two numbers is lesser than 11 , 1$ 1/ 12 , 11/12)
When ! dice are thrown, what is the probability that the same number appears on each of them?
(1) 1/36 (2) 1/18 (3) 1/216 (4) 1/5
"orrect #nswer $ ()
Solution:
.ample space (/enominator)0 When ! dice are thrown simultaneously, then the total number of possible outcomes
\ $6
a
= 1216) 2'ent (3umerator)4 *he chances that all the dice show same number 5(1,1,1,1), (2,2,2,2), (,,,),
(!,!,!,!), (5,5,5,5), (6,6,6,6)} is 6) +robability , 2'ent/.ample space , 6/6
!
, 1/6

, 1/216)
#n e6periment succeeds twice as often as it fails) What is the probability that in the ne6t 5 trials there will be four
successes?
(1) 0 (2) (2/3)M (3) 5*((2/3)M)*(1/3) (4) {(2/3)M)"(1/3)
"orrect #nswer $ ()
Sol!"on#
#n e6periment succeeds twice as often as it fails, i)e) the probability of its success is 2/ and the probability of its
failure is 1/) %n the ne6t 5 trials the e6periment needs to succeed in ! out of the 5 trials) ! out of the 5 trials in which
it succeeds could be selected in 5"! ways , 5 ways) #nd as ! of them are successes, they ha'e a probability of 2/
and the one that is a failure will ha'e a probability of 1/) -ence, the re(uired probability , 57((2/)8)7(1/)
#n anti aircraft &un can fire four shots at a time) %f the probabilities of the first, second, third and the last shot hittin&
the enemy aircraft are 9):, 9)6, 9,5 and 9)!, what is the probability that four shots aimed at an enemy aircraft will
brin& the aircraft down?
(1) 9)9;! (2) 9)116 () 9)96 (!) 9)16!
"orrect #nswer$(!)
Solution:
*he enemy aircraft will be brou&ht down e'en if one of the four shots hits the aircraft) *he opposite of this situation
is that none of the four shots hit the aircraft) *he probability that none of the four shots hit the aircraft is &i'en by (1$
0$)(1%0&6)(1%0&5)( 1%0&4) ' 0&3*0&4*0&5*0&6 ' 0&036
.o, the probability that at least one of the four hits the aircraft , 1 $ 9)96 , 9)16!)
# number is selected at random from first thirty natural numbers) What is the chance that it is a multiple of either
or 1?
(1) 1:/9 (2) 2/5 () 11/9 (!) !/15
"orrect #nswer $ (2)
Solution:
*he probability that the number is a multiple of is 19/9) (.ince 719 , 9)) .imilarly the probability that the
number is a multiple of 1 is 2/9) (.ince 172 , 26)) 3either nor 1 has common multiple from 1 to 9) -ence
these e'ents are mutually e6clusi'e e'ents) *herefore chance that the selected number is a multiple of or 1 is
(19<2=9 , 2/5
# man can hit a tar&et once in ! shots) %f he fires ! shots in succession, what is the probability that he will hit his tar&et?
1

256
Correct choice - (4) Correct Answer -(
Explanatory Answer
*he man will hit the tar&et e'en if he hits it once or twice or thrice or all four times in the four shots that he ta>es) .o, the
only case where the man will not hit the tar&et is when he fails to hit the tar&et e'en in one of the four shots


10
1
(2)
() (!)
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256)
+a&e 2 of ;