Oregon LNG Job No.

07902
Warrenton, OR Doc No. 07902-CA-900-301, Rev: 0
Rainfall Design Basis Page 1 of 8















RAINFALL DESIGN BASIS


By

H
C
H
H H
CHIV International



REV NUMBER: 0
ISSUE PURPOSE:
Issued for
Client Review

DATE: 10/08/2007
BY: RCT
CHECKED: DAA
APPROVED: AAR
Oregon LNG Job No. 07902
Warrenton, OR Doc No. 07902-CA-900-301, Rev: 0
Rainfall Design Basis Page 2 of 8


1 Purpose 3
2 Summary of Results 3
3 Background 3
4 Calculation 4
4.1 Calculation of 10-Year, 1-Hour Rainfall 4
4.2 Calculation of Design Rainfall for Non-Process Areas 7
4.3 Calculation of Equivalent Continuous Rainfall for Site 8
5 References 8

Oregon LNG Job No. 07902
Warrenton, OR Doc No. 07902-CA-900-301, Rev: 0
Rainfall Design Basis Page 3 of 8


1 PURPOSE
The purpose of this calculation is to document the rainfall rates for the Oregon LNG
terminal. This information will be used for design of systems at the site for handling storm
water.
2 SUMMARY OF RESULTS
The following values for rainfall shall be used for the Oregon LNG terminal:

Parameter Event Design Rainfall
Impoundment Water Removal
Rainfall Design Basis
10-year, 1-hour storm 0.9 inches per hour
Non-process Area Rainfall
Design Basis
Bounding hourly rainfall 0.6 inches per hour
Equivalent Continuous
Rainfall for Site
Average During Typical
Wet Month
0.016 inches per
hour
3 BACKGROUND
Requirements for water removal systems from LNG impoundment areas are set forth in the
Federal Safety Standards listed in 49CFR193. Specifically, Section 193.2173 of 49CFR193
states:
(a) Impoundment areas must be constructed such that all areas drain completely to
prevent water collection. Drainage pumps and piping must be provided to remove water
from collecting in the impoundment area. Alternative means of draining may be
acceptable subject to the Administrator's approval.
(b) The water removal system must have adequate capacity to remove water at a rate
equal to 25% of the maximum predictable collection rate from a storm of 10-year
frequency and 1-hour duration, and other natural causes. For rainfall amounts,
operators must use the ``Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the United States'' published by the
National Weather Service of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
This calculation documents the rainfall occurring during a storm of 10-year frequency and
1-hour duration for use in sizing the water removal system for the site impoundment.
Oregon LNG Job No. 07902
Warrenton, OR Doc No. 07902-CA-900-301, Rev: 0
Rainfall Design Basis Page 4 of 8


In addition, this calculation documents the rainfall to be considered in design of other parts
of the terminal not specified by the above federal safety standard.
4 CALCULATION
4.1 Calculation of 10-Year, 1-Hour Rainfall
As stated above in Section 3, 49CFR193.2173 requires use of the Rainfall
Frequency Atlas of the United States as the source for rainfall amounts. The current
(as of September 2007) version of this information for Oregon can be obtained from
the following website:
http://www.weather.gov/oh/hdsc/currentpf.htm#N2
Specifically, Volume X of NOAA Atlas 2, entitled Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of
the Western United States, contains information for Oregon.
For Oregon, NOAA provides a methodology for calculating the 10-year, 1-hour
storm using interpolation from data for a 2-year storm and a 100-year storm. The
equations vary by region of the state. The Oregon LNG Import Terminal is located
near Astoria, Oregon, which is in Region 3 (Coastal Plains). The equations to be
used for calculating the 2-year and 100-year rainfall data for this region are listed in
Table 12 of Volume X as follows:
Y
2
= 0.157 + 0.513*X
1
*(X
1
/X
2
) Equation (1)
Y
100
= 0.324 + 0.118*(X
3
/X
1
) + 0.386*X
1
*(X
3
/X
2
) Equation (2)
Where:
Y
2
=the estimated rainfall for a 2-year, 1-hour storm
Y
100
=the estimated rainfall for a 100-year, 1-hour storm
X
1
=the 2-year, 6-hour estimated rainfall value
X
2
=the 2-year, 24-hour estimated rainfall value
X
3
=the 100-year, 6-hour estimated rainfall value
All of the X values are read from precipitation frequency (isopluvial) maps provided
in Volume X. Figure 4.1-1 below presents excerpts of the relevant maps the sections
of each map:
Oregon LNG Job No. 07902
Warrenton, OR Doc No. 07902-CA-900-301, Rev: 0
Rainfall Design Basis Page 5 of 8




Figure 4.1-1. Isopluvial Maps for Astoria, Oregon
Note: The information in the above figure is presented in units of tenths of an inch
of precipitation.
From these figures, X
1
=1.8 inches, X
2
=3.5 inches and X
3
=3.5 inches.
Using these values of X, Equations (1) and (2) yield the following values:
Y
2
= 0.157 + 0.513*1.8*(1.8/3.5) = 0.63"

Y
100
= 0.324 + 0.118*(3.5/1.8) + 0.386*1.8*(3.5/3.5) = 1.25"
Per Volume X, the rainfall for periods other than 2-years and 100-years can be
determined by plotting the 2-year, 1-hour and 100-year, 1-hour points on the
nomograph in Figure 6 of Volume X, and drawing a straight line between the two
points, as shown below in Figure 4.1-2:

From Volume X,
Figure 19: 2-yr 6-hr
From Volume X,
Figure 25: 2-yr 24-hr
From Volume X,
Figure 24: 100-yr 6 hr
Oregon LNG Job No. 07902
Warrenton, OR Doc No. 07902-CA-900-301, Rev: 0
Rainfall Design Basis Page 6 of 8
















Figure 4.1-2. Precipitation Depth versus Return Period
The 10-year, 1-hour rainfall is represented where the line intersects with the 10-year
line. This value is approximately 0.9 inches.
Oregon LNG Job No. 07902
Warrenton, OR Doc No. 07902-CA-900-301, Rev: 0
Rainfall Design Basis Page 7 of 8


4.2 Calculation of Design Rainfall for Non-Process Areas
The table below summarizes the rainfall listed in the Volume X isopluvials for the
Astoria region:

Table 4.2-1. Precipitation, Monthly and Annual Averages (1971-2000)

Volume X
Figure
Frequency
(years)
Duration
(hours)
Intensity
(tenths of
inches)
Inches per
Hour
19 2 6 18 0.30
20 5 6 22 0.37
21 10 6 26 0.43
22 25 6 30 0.50
23 50 6 35 0.58
24 100 6 35 0.58
25 2 24 35 0.15
26 5 24 45 0.19
27 10 24 50 0.21
28 25 24 55 0.23
29 50 24 60 0.25
30 100 24 65 0.27
From the data above, limiting average rainfall rate is about 0.6 inches per hour. This
value can be used for design storm water flow.
Oregon LNG Job No. 07902
Warrenton, OR Doc No. 07902-CA-900-301, Rev: 0
Rainfall Design Basis Page 8 of 8


4.3 Calculation of Equivalent Continuous Rainfall for Site
The table below provides the average monthly rainfall in the vicinity of the site.
This information was obtained from Reference 3.

Table 4.3-1 Precipitation, Monthly and Annual Averages (inches), 1971-2000

Location J an Feb Mar Apr May J un J ul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual
Astoria
Airport
9.62 7.87 7.37 4.93 3.28 2.57 1.16 1.21 2.61 5.61 10.50 10.40 67.13
Seaside 10.27 9.57 8.44 5.74 3.96 3.00 1.63 1.34 3.00 6.07 11.38 11.34 75.74
The month with the most average rainfall is November, with 11.38 inches. On a
continuous basis, this is equivalent to an hourly rainfall of about 0.016 inches. This
rate shall be used for the equivalent continuous rainfall rate for the site.
5 REFERENCES
1. Title 49, Part 193: Liquefied Natural Gas Facilities: Federal Safety Standards,
revised October 1, 2005.
2. NOAA Atlas 2, Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the Western United States, Volume
X Oregon, 1973.
3. http://www.ocs.orst.edu/county_climate/Clatsop_files/Clatsop.html.