Chapter I

1. With reference to the kinetic particle theory, why is liquid uncompressible?

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2. The process which gas turned to solid is known as _______________________________________.

3. Define the term
a. Diffusion: ________________________________________________________________________
b. Homogeneous Solution: ____________________________________________________________
c. Heterogeneous Mixture: ____________________________________________________________
4. With reference to the average (kinetic) energy of the particles, and the particles at the surface
area, explain the difference between boiling and evaporation.
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Chapter II
1. Name the following lab apparatus and with it, write down a suitable amount of volume which
these apparatus may measure (e.g. 25 cm3)

2. Name 3 drying agents that may be used to collect a dry sample of gas.
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2a. Under what circumstances would the drying agents in 2) be unsuitable?
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3. Fill in the following table.
24 dm3

cm3

3.5 l

43.2 cm3

m3

0.04 dm3

dm3
ml

Chapter III
1. Two chromatogram of substance X and substance Y are as shown below. Assuming the following
chromatograms are to scale, determine if the two substances are the same. Justify your answer.

Solvent Front

D
C
B
A

Substance X

Pencil Line

Substance Y

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1a. The following is a chromatogram of Substance Z. Give 2 possible reason why only one colored
dot is spotted on the chromatogram itself.

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2. Suppose chromatography is being done for substance X which contains several amino acids.
Unfortunately, amino acids are invisible to the naked eye. What kind of substance may be used on
the chromatogram to overcome this? __________________________________________________.
3. Name an instance when decanting would be a preferable method of purification compared to
filtration using filter paper? Why?
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4. A solution of Copper (II) Sulphate has been heated to saturation. Upon dipping a glass rod into the
solution, crystals were observed to have formed on the glass rod itself. We say that such a solution
has reached its ____________________________ point / ____________________________ point.
7. What purpose does the glass beads in a fractionating column serve?
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8. Silicon dioxide, or sand, as it is commonly known, has a high melting point. Tommy would like a
pure sample of silicon dioxide. Scoping up sand from the beach, alongside with some of the
seawater, Tommy decide to evaporate the sample to dryness.
a. Explain to Tommy why only evaporation to dryness is not suitable.
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Chapter IV
1. Not many people know this, but it is more appropriate to refer to ammonia dissolved in water as
aqueous ammonia, as opposed to ammonium hydroxide. Why?
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Chapter V
1. Define isotopes
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1a. Isotopes that emit high energy radiation are known as __________________________________.
2. In the periodic table, the relative atomic mass numbers are usually without decimal place.
However, why does chlorine have an atomic mass of 35.5, compared to other elements?
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3. Suggest why the chemical properties of Na differs from Cl. Or rather, what determines the
chemical properties of an element?
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4. What is the standard unit for measuring the mass of particles? _____________________________