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Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU.

Hawassa University

Example 1: A transfer girder with a clear span


of 6m is to support a column having a factored
axial load of 5000KN and an additional uniform
factored load including self weight of
Wd=268.45KN/m. Using the empirical method
of Deep beam design, design the beam for
flexure and shear. Use C-25 for concrete and S360 for steel class I works.
Solution:
Check for deep beam

/ = 6 + 0.3 + 0.3 = 6.6


1.15 = 1.15 6 = 6.9

= 6.6

6.6
=
= 1.65 < 2

4

Design for flexure
Material design strength

0.85 0.85 0.8 25


360
=
=
= 11.33/2 = =
= 313.04/2

1.5
1.15
Max span moment
2 268.45 6.62 5000 6.6
=
+
=
+
= 9711.71
8
4
8
4
Max shear at support
268.45 6.6 5000
=
+
=
+
= 885.88 + 2500 = 3385.89
2
2
2
2
2500
% =
100 = 73.84 > 50
3385.89

Main reinforcement
Lever arm: 1 / 2

= 0.2( + 2) = 0.2(6.6 + 2 4) = 2.92 = 2920

Msd
9711.71 106
As =
=
= 10624.612
fyd z 313.04 2920
Provide 2424mm diameter bars, As,provided = 10857.34mm2
This reinforcement should be placed within the lower y depth of the deep beam where:
= 0.25 0.05 = 0.25 4000 0.05 6600 = 670

___________________________________________________________________________
Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721)
Chapter 3 Examples
1

Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU.

Hawassa University

Assume cover=50mm, stirrup=12mm, main =24mm


= 50 + 12 + 24/2 = 74
c/c distance b/n first row bars to last row bars =670-74-24/2=584mm
/ = 584/7 = 83.43
d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
d7
d8

d from bottom
74
157.43
240.86
324.29
407.72
491.15
574.58
658.01

y=670mm

row
1st row
2nd row
3rd row
4th row
5th row
6th row
7th row
8th row

the centroid of the reinforcements d from the bottom is


=

61 + 62 + 23 + 24 + 25 + 26 + 27 + 28

6 74 + 2(157.43 + 240.86 + 324.29 + 407.72 + 491.15 + 574.58 + 658.01)
=
24
= 256.34

Effective depth d=h-d=4000-256.34=3743.66


0.6

0.6

= 313.04 400 3743.66 = 2870.172 = 10857.34mm2 . ok!

Design for shear


B/c more than 50% of the shear at the support is
caused by the concentrated load, the load is a
principal load. Thus the critical shear is calculated
at av/2, where

Vmax=3385.89
Vsd=2943
2500
av/2=1.65

2500

3.3

Vmax=3385.89
SFD

/ = 3300
1.15 / = 1.15 3000 = 3450

= 3300

___________________________________________________________________________
Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721)
Chapter 3 Examples
2

Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU.


= 2500 +

Hawassa University

3.3 1.65
3385.89 2500 = 2943
3.3

Limiting shear capacity


= 0.25 = 0.25 11.33 400 3743.66 103 = 4241.57
Shear carried by concrete
= 0.25 1 2
=

2 2 3743.66

10624.61
=
= 2.27, 1 = 1 + 50 = 1 + 50
= 1 + 50
= 1.35

3300

400 3743.66

2 = 1.6 = 1.6 3.743 = 2.14 1 not ok take 2 = 1


2

0.21 3 0.21 203


=
=
= 1.03

1.5

= 0.25 1 2 = 2.27 0.25 1.03 1.35 1 400 3743.66 103 = 1181.66


= = + = 2943 1181.66 = 1761.34
Assume 1000KN is carried by vertical stirrups and the remaining 761.34KN is carried by
Horizontal stirrups. i.e Shear carried by vertical stirrups = 1000 and Shear carried by
horizontal stirrups = 761.34. Assume 12 is used for both vertical and horizontal stirrups

= = 2

122
= 226.192
4

226.19 313.04 3300


1000 103

3743.66
2
= 101.12

226.19 313.04 3743.66


3743.66
=
= 265.08 =
= 935.91
3

1000 10
4
4

Provide 12 c/c 100mm for vertical stirrups.

3
2

=

___________________________________________________________________________
Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721)
Chapter 3 Examples
3

Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU.

Hawassa University

3
3
2
226.19 313.04 2 3743.66 3300
=
=
= 215.35

761.34 103

226.19313.043743 .66
3

761.3410

= 348.17 3 =

3743.66
3

= 1247.89

Provide 12 c/c 200mm for horizontal stirrups.


Ah 2mm c/c 200mm

Av 2mm c/c 100mm

y= 0.25h-0.05l=670mm

Main Rebar As 2424mm

Example 2: Design a corbel to support a factored ultimate load of 400KN at a distance of 360mm
from the face of a column 300x300mm in cross section. Proportion the various dimensions of the
corbel and find the amount of reinforcement required to resist the load without failure. Use C30 for concrete and S-400 for steel class I works.
Solution:

Proportions corbel 0.4d< av <d

360
=
= 450
0.8 0.8
= 50 = + = 450 + 50 = 500
= 500, = 450 = 300( )
Design material strength
400
0.85 0.85 0.8 30
=
=
= 13.6/2 = =
= 347.83/2

1.5
1.15
= 0.8

___________________________________________________________________________
Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721)
Chapter 3 Examples
4

Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU.

Hawassa University

Check for diagonal compression failure (limiting shear capacity)


= 0.25 = 0.25 13.6 300 450 103 = 459 > = 400 !

Main reinforcement

2
(1 1

2 2

= 2
Determine

= 0

= =
= 0

=
=
2
=
(

) = =
1
2


(
) =
2

(
) =

2
sin
(2)

400 103
450
0.2723
sin
(2)
300 13.6 sin
(2)
=
= 1.25

360
sin
(2)

= 1.25

= 2

0.2723
sin
(2)

= 44.360

2
(1 1

2 2

= 300 450 2 44.36

13.6
2 400 103 360
(1 1
= 1176.482
347.83
13.6 300 4502 2 44.36

Horizontal design force


0.2 = 0.2 400 = 80

80 103
=
=
= 2302 0.25 = 0.25 1176.48 = 294.122

347.83

___________________________________________________________________________
Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721)
Chapter 3 Examples
5

Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU.

Hawassa University

= +
= 294.12 + 1176.48 = 1470.62
, = 0.004 = 6002
Provide 520 diameter bars at the top, , = 1570.82
Shear reinforcement
0.5 = 0.5 1570.8 294.12 = 637.952
, = 0.4 = 0.4 1570.95 = 628.382 !
2
2
= 450 = 300
3
3
Assume 10 diameter bars is used as stirrup
102
= 2
= 157.082
4
637.95
=
=
4.
157.08
Provide 4 10 closed stirrup bars
300
/ / =
= 75
4
Minimum width of bearing
To resist bearing failure, the bearing stress developed should be less than 0.4fcu
0.4 = 0.4 30 = 12
Fvd

=
12

400 103

=
= 111.11
12
12 300
Provide a bearing with width of w=115mm

w
b

= 520

= 10 / 75

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Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721)
Chapter 3 Examples
6

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