Electrical Measurements

AC Potentiometers
by Sekh@r...!
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(Drysdale polar type)
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A
D
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C
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DC standardization Connect S1 to A and swtch S2 to workng em! (poston C) and then ad"#st the slde
wre o! potentometer to a $oltage e%#al to standard cell $oltage& ad"#st the rheostat to get n#ll de'ecton n the
gal$anometer and the readng o! trans!er nstr#ment (ammeter) s noted)
AC standardization connect S2 to D and S1 s open (not on A ( )) then ad"#st rheostat tll ammeter reads same c#rrent as
be!ore and *#adrat#re ad"#stment o! c#rrents+ ad"#st the phase sh!ter to e,act %#adrat#re by means o! the $arable resstor
and capactor (these beng ad"#sted #ntl the ac c#rrent n the slde wre s constant !or all postons o! the rotor& beca#se we
know that poston o! rotor does not change the em! magnt#de )
Measurement )alance s e-ected by the alternate ad"#stment o! the .slde wre contact/ and the .poston o! phase sh!tng
rotor/ (by ad"#stng slde wre we are matchng the magnt#de and by ad"#stng rotor poston phase angle wll be matchng&
ths ad"#stment o! slde wre and rotor poston m#st be sm#ltaneo#sly happenng)
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1. DC Standard2aton
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G
A
D
S
1
S
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C
D
A
B
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2. AC Standard2aton
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A
D
S
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C
D
A
B
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3. Act#al meas#rement
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A
D
S
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C
D
A
B
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(8all9:nsley co9ordnate type)
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A

B
A

C
A
D
;n <hase potentometer
*#adrat#re
potentometer
;nd#ctomet
er
A
C
B
B

A
S
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y
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DC standardization of In phase otentiometer!
1.=eep swtch S1 on ,
2.Connect the standard cell across test termnals(A ( )) and #se DC gal$anometer as
detector
(%#adrat#re potentometer swtch s open)
3.;n9phase potentometer slde wres are set !or the $oltage o! standard cell(1.7153 >) wth
some standard c#rrent (n ths case normally standard c#rrent s 17mA)..
0.Ad#st ;n9phase rheostat to get n#ll de'ecton n the gal$anometer and then note the
c#rrent $al#e !rom the dynamometer type ammeter(whch s e%#al to 17mA).
AC standardization of In phase otentiometer!
1.;n9phase potentometer s#pply swtch(S1) s changed to y.
2.Standard cell s remo$ed and :est termnals are not connected anywhere they are le!t
open
3.?ow ad"#st the n phase rheostat #ntl the dynamometer ammeter agan reads the same
$al#e as DC standard2aton.
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AC standardization of "uadrature otentiometer!
1.Swtch @? S2 now
2.Connect nd#ctometer termnals to the test termnals.
3.?ow ad"#st the phase sh!ter and %#adrat#re potentometer rheostat to get n#ll
de'ecton n the detector.
A#tua$ measurement!
1.Connect #nknown $oltage across the termnals A ( C (nd#ctometer !rom test termnals
m#st be dsconnected)
2.Ad"#st n phase and %#adrat#re potentometers tll we got n#ll de'ecton n the
gal$anometer
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1%DC Standardization of In&phase potentiometer
'peration
(4 steps)
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A
D
;n <hase potentometer
*#adrat#re
potentometer
;nd#ctomet
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A
C
B
A

B
B

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2%AC Standardization of In&phase potentiometer
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;n <hase potentometer
*#adrat#re
potentometer
;nd#ctomet
er
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A
C
B
B

A
*%
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3%AC Standardization of +uadrature potentiometer
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A
;n <hase potentometer
*#adrat#re
potentometer
;nd#ctomet
er
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A
C
B
B

A
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4%A#tua$ measurement
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;n <hase potentometer
*#adrat#re
potentometer
;nd#ctomet
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A
C
B
B

A
*%
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Applcatons o! AC potentometers
1. >oltmeter calbraton
2. Ammeter calbraton
3. Aattmeter and energy meter testng
0. Beas#rement o! sel! reactance o! a col
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