6-40 I E S LIGHTING HANDBOOK

f
a
5wZ6 waW temperature. Under the operating conditions for which
common lamps are designed (still air at 80 degrees Fahrenheit ambient
temperature), 0.13 watt per square inch brings bulb-wall temperature to
100 to 110 degrees Fahrenheit.
The mercury vapor pressure (6
to 10 microns of mercury) related
to this bulb-wall temperature is that at which the 0.2537-micron wave-
length line is generated most efficiently. At lower bulb-wall temper-
atures some of the mercury condenses and at the lower pressure
the 0.2537-micron wavelength is produced less efficiently. At higher
temperatures some of the energy radiated in the 0.2537-micron line is
absorbed by the mercury vapor.
32
Therefore the lumen-per-watt rat-
ing of a fluorescent lamp is affected by operating conditions which
deviate from the 80-degree-Fahrenheit, still-air conditions to which
the nominal lumen-per-watt rating applies.
33
The change in bulb-wall
temperature caused by air
movement is shown in Fig.
6-35 for exposed lamps,
shielded lamps, and lamps
enclosed in a glass sleeve.
The change takes place as a
function of the air speed and
is independent of ambient
temperature.
The magnitude of the effect
on light output of a change
in bulb-wall temperature is
not the same for all lamps,
since, as shown in Fig. 6-36,
not all are designed to have
the 100-110 degree Fahrenheit
wall temperatures associated
with the optimum arc-power:
phosphor-area ratio.
20
UJq;
O
uj
Z Q_
< 2
X UJ
U
l-
30
C
6
a
2 4 6 8 10 12
WIND IN MILES PER HOUR
FIG. 6-35. The effect of air movement on
fluorescent-lamp, bulb-wall temperature: (a)
wind blowing directly on the lamp; (b) lamp
shielded from the wind; (c) lamp enclosed in a
glass sleeve
$
inch larger in diameter.
0.28
0.24
0.20
0.12
0.08
FIG. 6-36. The incident radi-
ant power density (arc watts per
square inch) on the bulb wall
determines the bulb-wall temper-
ature of lamps of a given diam-
eter operating in still air (80
degrees Fahrenheit) at rated watts
and amperes.
80 90 100 110 120 130 140
BULB-WALL TEMPERATURE IN
DEGREES F