All about Ipv6 Address Space

Document Owner: Manju Devaraj

Introduction to Ipv6 Address Space


IPv6 Header Format

IPv6 headers are daisy chained. The Next Header field - present in every header
except the upper layer header - indicates which header comes next as shown in the
diagram

Where multiple headers are present the recommended sender order is (but the receiver
must accept in any order):
IPv6 Header
Hop-by-Hop Header
Destination Options
Routing Headers
Fragment Headers
Authentication Headers
Encapsulation Security Payload (ESP) Header
Destination Options
Upper Layer Header + data

IP6 Address Types

IPv6 Addresses may be assigned to interfaces using one of three methods:
1. Stateful - Statically assigned = manual configuration
2. Stateful - DHCPv6 - Automatically assigned
3. Stateless - Automatically assigned




Ipv6 Address Usage Dos & Donts
An IPv6 address consists of 128 bits - an IPv4 address consists of 32 bits - and
is written as a series of 8 hexadecimal strings separated by colons.

One or more zeros entries can be omitted entirely but only once in an address.
The user can choose the most efficient place to omit multiple zero entries.

Multiple zeros can be omitted entirely but only once in an address

IPv6 Prefix or Slash Notation
IPv6 uses a similar / (forward slash) notation to IPv4 CIDR (Classless Interdomain Routing)
which describes the number of contiguous bits used in its netmask. Formally this way of
writing an address is called an IP prefix but more commonly called the slash format

IPv6 Link-Local Address

Example :

IPv6 Multicast Address

Common multicast groups


Ipv6 Global Unicast Address Format



Configuration Basics


Ipv6 Configuration over Windows

>Netsh
netsh> interface ipv6
netsh interface ipv6> install ipv6
netsh interface ipv6>show interface
Querying active state...

Idx Met MTU State Name
--- ---- ----- ------------ -----
6 0 1500 Disconnected Wireless Network Connection 2
5 0 1500 Connected Local Area Connection
4 2 1280 Disconnected Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface
3 1 1280 Connected 6to4 Tunneling Pseudo-Interface
2 1 1280 Connected Automatic Tunneling Pseudo-Interfac
1 0 1500 Connected Loopback Pseudo-Interface

netsh interface ipv6>add address "Local Area Connection"
fec0:0:78ea:a454:2aa:ff
:fe21:5c2f
Ok.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
netsh interface ipv6>show address
Querying active state...

Interface 6: Wireless Network Connection 2

Addr Type DAD State Valid Life Pref. Life Address
--------- ---------- ------------ ------------ -----------------------------
Link Tentative infinite infinite fe80::218:deff:feb9:f6ea

Interface 5: Local Area Connection

Addr Type DAD State Valid Life Pref. Life Address
--------- ---------- ------------ ------------ -----------------------------
Manual Duplicate infinite infinite
fec0:0:78ea:a454:2aa:ff:fe21:5c2
f
Link Preferred infinite infinite fe80::215:58ff:fe7c:132b

Other IPv6 address options :
set address, delete address

Ipv6 Configuration over Unix

For Unix flavors like Free BSD :
Edit /etc/rc.conf
add/modify string ipv6_enable="YES" in configuration file /etc/rc.conf
# vi /etc/rc.conf

ipv6_enable="YES"
ipv6_ifconfig_fxp0="FEC0:0:0:2::000c"
ipv6_defaultrouter="FEC0:0:0:2::1"

ipv6_gateway_enable="YES and ipv6_router_enable="No in configuration
file /etc/rc.conf

For Linux Flavors:
vi /etc/sysconfig/network
add/modify string
NETWORKING_IPV6="yes in file /etc/sysconfig/network

Restarting the service
/etc/rc.d/netif restart && /etc/rc.d/routing restart

Assign IP address using command line ifconfig utility :

ifconfig {interface-name} inet6 {IPv6-Address} prefixlen {routed-bit}
# ifconfig le0 FEC0:0:0:2::000c prefixlen 64
To add a default router, enter:
# route -n add -inet6 default FEC0:0:0:2::1

Test Commands :

ping6 FEC0:0:0:2::1

traceroute6 FEC0:0:0:2::000d


Ipv6 Routing Config

IP Addressing Enterprise Campus network



IP Address Management Dual Stack example

Simple OSPF Configuration


Ipv6 for Data centre Block


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