1

.
A mother brings her 6-yr-old son to his pediatrician because he has been having recurrent
nosebleeds. Physical examination reveals diffuse petechiae and purpura. Laboratory studies show a
Hb of .! g"L# platelet count of $!#!!!"cu.mm# % leu&ocyte count of 1'#(!!"cu mm. )one marrow
smear is shown below. *he large cells are most probably precursors of
a. +osinophils
b. )asophils
c. ,eutrophils
d. Lymphocytes
e. -onocytes
f. .)/
g. Platelets
$
.
.elease of which of the following peptides leads to an increase in the secretion of pancreatic
bicarbonates into the small intestine0
a. /holecysto&inin
b. 1astrin
c. -otilin
d. 2ecretin
e. 2omatostatin
3 A 6 -year-old boy playing in a dusty field in windy weather inhales many very small particles that
. become lodged in his terminal bronchioles. 4hich of the following are most important in cleaning
the particles0
a. *ype 5 pneumocytes
b. *ype 55 pneumocytes
c. Alveolar macrophages
d. 2ubmucosal glands
e. /iliated cells
'
.
4hich of the following substances use a protein-carrier molecule to traverse the cell membrane0
a. 4ater
b. 6xygen
c. 1lucose
d. Alcohol
e. 1lycerol
(
.
A 78-year-old woman has a mean arterial pressure of 1!! mm Hg and a heart rate of 6$"min. 2he
has a stro&e volume of 8! mL and a right atrial pressure of ! mm Hg. 4hat is the total peripheral
resistance 9in mm Hg"mL"min: in this woman0
a. !.$
b. !.1
c. !.(
d. !.3
e. !.'
6
.
An 8-yr-old boy has had an upper respiratory infection for the past 3 days. *oday# he is brought to
the pediatrician by his mother# who says that ;he loo&s yellow<. Physical examination shows pallor
and icterus. Laboratory studies reveal a Hb of .! g"L# reticulocytes constituting 1!.8=# platelets of
$18#!!!"cu mm# and leu&ocyte count of 7#(!!"cu mm. A probable diagnosis of spherocytosis was
made. *he peripheral smear which is shown below indicates
a. ,ormal .)/
b. Hypochromic .)/
c. >efect in 2pectrin
d. -icrocytic .)/
7
.
A 3'-year-old male patient visited the emergency room with complaints of severe vomiting.
Laborotaory examination of the vomitus is found to contain gastric contents including hydrochloric
acid. *he patient?s condition is most li&ely associated with which of the following acid-base
disturbances0
a. High anion gap metabolic acidosis
b. ,ormal anion gap metabolic acidosis
c. .espiratory acidosis
d. .espiratory al&alosis
e. -etabolic al&alosis
8
.
)asophils are increased in which of the following conditions0
a. Acute infection
b. /hronic infection
c. Parasitic infestation
d. Allergic reaction

.
A researcher is studying the effect of various manipulations on &idney blood flow and glomerular
filtration. 4hich of the following is most li&ely to increase both renal plasma flow and peritubular
capillary pressure but decrease the glomerular capillary pressure0
a. /onstrict afferent arteriole
b. >ilate afferent arteriole
c. /onstrict efferent arteriole
d. >ilate efferent arteriole
1
!
.
5f the above researcher dilates the afferent arteriole then which of the following changes will be
seen in renal plasma flow# peritubular capillary pressure# and glomerular capillary pressure
respectively0
a. 5ncreases# increases# and increases
b. >ecreases# decreases# and decreases
c. >ecreases# decreases# and increases
d. 5ncreases# increases# and decreases
1
1
.
*he vascular systems of five organs are arranged as shown in the drawing below. *he vascular
resistance of each organ is the same and the total resistance of the entire circuit is $.! mm
Hg"mL"min. 4hat is the individual vascular resistance 9mm Hg"mL"min: of each organ0
a. 1!
b. 8
c. 6
d. '
e. $
f. 1
1
$
.
5n the above picture# which of the following values is the total resistance of the entire circuit if
another organ with the same invidual vascular resistance 9mm Hg"mL"min: was added to the
circuit shown in the picture above0
a. !.6
b. 1.!
c. 1.6
d. $.!
e. $.6
1
3
.
A 6(-year-old male was brought to the +. with severe chest pain# sweating and nausea. +@1
showed 2* elevation in leads 55# 555 and aAB. -edical management of acute myocardial infarction
was initiated. After initial treatment the pain decreased in intensity# but a reperfusion complex
ventricular arrhythmia emerged. *he arrhythmia was asymptomatic and resolved spontaneously.
4hich of the following drug was most li&ely responsible for rapid reperfusion in this patient0
a. Heparin
b. Argatroban
c. 4arfarin
d. tPA
e. Aspirin
1
'
.
A ('-year-old male is being evaluated for lung disease. Aentilator function testing reveals a
decreased forced vital capacity# and a B+A1 "BA/ ratio of 6!=. *he most li&ely diagnosis in this
patient is
a. Pulmonary fibrosis
b. 5nterstitial lung disease
c. Pleural effusion
d. Pericardial effusion
e. +mphysema
1
(
.
4hich of the following factors inhibit erythropoietin production0
a. Low blood volume
b. Anemia
c. Low Hb
d. ,ormal blood flow
e. Pulmonary diseases
1
6
.
A patient came with bone pain and abdominal cramps. +xamination revealed depressed mood. C-
ray revealed a !.( mm stone in the left ureter. )ased on these findings# which of the following is
the li&ely diagnosis in this patient0
a. Hyperparathyroidism
b. Hypoarathyroidism
c. Hyperthryoidism
d. Hypopituitarism
e. Hyperpituitarism
1
7
.
>uring a fast# a brief phase of intense seDuential contractions begins in the stomach and gradually
migrates to the ileum. .elease of which of the following intestinal hormones is most li&ely
responsible for this observed
effect0
a. /holecysto&inin
b. 1astrin
c. 1astrin-releasing peptide
d. -otilin
e. 2ecretin
f. 2omatostatin
1
8
.
A ((-year-old caucasian female presents to the clinic complaining of weight gain and easy
fatiguability. 2he ta&es a multi-vitamin and some over-the-counter medications for constipation.
Her blood pressure is 1'!"6 mm Hg and her heart rate is (("min. Physical examination reveals a
delayed relaxation of the &nee and an&le reflexes. 2&in is very dry and thic&. 4hat is the most
li&ely diagnosis in this patient0
a. Hyperthyroidism
b. Hyperparathyroidism
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Hypoparathyroidism
e. Hyperaldosteronism
1

.
4hich of the following parameters will be seen in the base of the lung in comparision to the apex in
a normal healthy individual0
a. Perfusion decreased# A"E increased
b. Perfusion increased# A"E decreased
c. Perfusion decreased# A"E decreased
d. Perfusion increased# A"E increased
$
!
.
1astric inhibitory peptide is an important gastrointestinal hormone. *he cells producing it and the
functions of the peptide respectively are
a. @ cells and inhibits insulin release
b. - cells and stimulates gastric motility
c. 2 cells and inhibits gastric acid secretion
d. - cells and stimulates intestinal motility
e. @ cells and stimulates insulin release
f. 2 cells and stimulates pepsin secretion
$
1
.
5n the +/1 given below# what is the most li&ely diagnosis0
a. .)))
b. .AH
c. L)))
d. LAH
$
$
.
A person who is suffering with severe claustrophobia 9fear of closed spaces: was loc&ed
accidentally in a closet for some amount of time. 5f the blood of this patient was analyFed then
which of the following sets of lab findings is most li&ely to be found in this patient0
a. 1. pH of 7.$G Pa/6$ of (! mmHgG % H/63- of 18 m+D"L
b. $. pH of 7.61G Pa/6$ of 3$ mmHgG % H/63- of $8 m+D"L
c. 3. pH of 7.3$G Pa/6$ of 3' mmHgG % H/63- of 18 m+D"L
d. '. pH of 7.'3G Pa/6$ of (! mmHgG % H/63- of '! m+D"L
e. (. pH of 7.$6G Pa/6$ of (! mmHgG % H/63- of 3( m+D"L
f. 6. pH of 7.($G Pa/6$ of 3! mmHgG % H/63- of 18 m+D"L
$
3
.
5n the above sets of lab findings# which set will correspond to a patient suffering with /onn?s
syndrome0
a. 1
b. $
c. 3
d. '
e. (
f. 6
$
'
.
*ransport of glucose from the intestinal lumen into a small intestinal cell is inhibited when the usual
,aH gradient across the membrane is abolished. *his would suggest inhibition of which of the
following transport mechanisms0
a. 2imple diffusion
b. Bacilitated diffusion
c. Primary active transport
d. /otransport
e. /ountertransport
$
(
.
6n routine physical examination# a $1-year-old /aucasian male is found to have only one testis in
his scrotum. Burther evaluation reveals an elevated serum B2H level and a normal serum LH level.
Production of which of the following substances is li&ely to be impaired in this patient0
a. *estosterone
b. >ihydrotestosterone
c. >H+A
d. 5nhibin )
e. /ortisol
$
6
.
*he blood of a patient is tested in the lab for grouping and typing. *he blood did not react when A
and ) antibodies were added but reacted when > antibodies are added. *he patientIs blood group
based on the above reactions is
a. A positive
b. ) positive
c. A) positive
d. 6 positive
e. A negative
f. ) negative
g. A) negative
$
7
.
A series of photographs ta&en of a middle-aged man over a period of two decades demonstrates
gradual coarsening of facial features and progressive protrusion of the brows. Jpon Duestioning#
the patient reports having to wear larger shoes than he did as a young man. -.5 scan revealed the
presence of hypothalamic tumor. 4hich of the following changes can be seen in this partiular case0
a. 1H increase# 1H.H decrease# 2omatostatin decrease
b. 1H decrease# 1H.H increase# 2omatostatin decrease
c. 1H increase# 1H.H increase# 2omatostatin increase
d. 1H increase# 1H.H decrease# 2omatostatin increase
e. 1H decrease# 1H.H decrease# 2omatostatin decrease
$
8
.
4hich of the following characteristics is shared by simple and facilitated diffusion of glucose0
a. 5s saturable
b. .eDuires metabolic energy
c. 5s inhibited by the presence of galactose
d. 6ccurs down an electrochemical gradient
e. .eDuires a ,aH 1radient
$

.
4hich of the following tests is used for measuring specifically intrinsic pathway0
a. Prothrombin time
b. )leeding time
c. /lotting time
d. aP** 9partial thromboplastin time:
3
!
.
Prior to a maKor abdominal surgery a patient was found to have low levels of vitamin @. 4hich of
the following clotting factors would be decreased in this patient0
a. 5
b. 555
c. A
d. A55
e. C5
3
1
.
6n performing an arterial blood analysis in a patient the physician noted that the pH and H/63-
levels are decreased but P/6$ level is increased. 4hich of the following conditions best describes
this patient?s problem0
a. .espiratory acidosis
b. .espiratory al&alosis
c. -etabolic acidosis
d. -etabolic al&alosis
e. -ixed acidosis
f. -ixed al&alosis
3
$
.
4hich of the following is true about the secretion from the exocrine pancreas0
a. 5t has a higher /l- concentration than does plasma
b. 5t is stimulated by the presence of H/63- in the duodenum
c. Pancreatic secretion is increased by gastrin
d. Pancreatic enFyme secretion is increased by cholecysto&inin 9//@:
e. 5t is hypotonic
3
3
.
4hich of the following hormones maintains the corpus luteum of pregnancy0
a. 1n.H
b. B2H
c. h/1
d. Progesterone
e. +strogen
f. Prolactin
3
'
.
*he hormone responsible for stimulating mil& production from a lactating mammary gland is
a. Prolactin
b. Aasopressin
c. 6xytocin
d. B2H
e. LH
3
(
.
A (-yr-old male patient is brought to the +. with complaints of chest pain# breathlessness#
palpitations# % sweating. )lood tests# +/1 and Angiogram were done in this patient and flow rates
were measured. 5t is a &nown fact that for a given vessel length# flow depends on radius# pressure
gradients# and viscosity. Angiogram revealed an atherosclerotic plaDue in the LA> that has reduced
the radius of the vessel by a factor of $. *he flow change only due to the plaDue isL
a. 5ncrease by a factor of $
b. >ecrease by a factor of $
c. 5ncrease by a factor of 8
d. >ecrease by a factor of 8
e. 5ncrease by a factor of 16
f. >ecrease by a factor of 16
3
6
.
5n the above patient# blood tests revealed that the patient is suffering with severe anemia with low
.)/ count that reduced the hematocrit to 1"'th of its original value. *he flow change only due to
the hematocrit variation isL
a. 5ncrease by a factor of $
b. >ecrease by a factor of $
c. 5ncrease by a factor of 8
d. >ecrease by a factor of 8
e. 5ncrease by a factor of '
f. >ecrease by a factor of '
3
7
.
5n the above patient# )P monitoring of the patient revealed a raise of systolic pressure from 1$! to
16! while the diastolic pressure remained at 8! mm Hg. *he flow change only due to the pressure
gradient isL
a. 5ncrease by a factor of $
b. >ecrease by a factor of $
c. 5ncrease by a factor of 8
d. >ecrease by a factor of 8
e. 5ncrease by a factor of '
f. >ecrease by a factor of '
3
8
.
5n the above patient# what would be the overall change in flow if we ta&e into consideration all the
3 variations mentioned above together0
a. 5ncrease by a factor of $
b. >ecrease by a factor of $
c. 5ncrease by a factor of 8
d. >ecrease by a factor of 8
e. 5ncrease by a factor of '
f. >ecrease by a factor of '
3

.
A patient presents with complaints of chest pain# breathlessness on exertion# % syncope. After
performing an +/1 exam on the patient they physician came to the conclusion that the patient is
suffering with second-degree heart bloc&. 4hich of the following +/1s represents this type of heart
bloc&0
a. 1

b. $

c. 3

d. '
e. (

f. 6
'
!
.
5f the above patient was diagnosed to be suffering with atrial fibrillation then which of the above
+/1s will be seen in the patient0
a. 1
b. $
c. 3
d. '
e. (
f. 6
'
1
.
5n the above patient# if the diagnosis was changed to ventricular fibrillation then the above +/1s
will corresponding to this new diagnosis
a. 1
b. $
c. 3
d. '
e. (
f. 6
'
$
.
A 6(-year-old male with long history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 9/6P>: is brought to
the emergency room complaining of shortness of breath# fever# yellow sputum and lower extremity
edema. Physical examination reveals cyanosis# finger clubbing and bilateral lung wheeFes. 4hich of
the following findings is the most li&ely in this patient0
a. ,ormal arterial blood oxygen content
b. ,ormal mixed venous blood oxygen content
c. 5ncreased pH of the arterial blood
d. 5ncreased pulmonary arterial resistance
e. 5ncreased cerebral vascular resistance
'
3
.
Anemia is usually characteriFed by an increasedL
a. Hematocrit
b. )lood viscosity
c. *otal peripheral resistance
d. +xercise performance
e. 4or& load on the heart
'
'
.
A young boy presents with failure to thrive. )iochemical analysis of a duodenal aspirate after a
meal reveals a deficiency of enteropeptidase 9entero&inase:. *he levels of which of the following
digestive enFymes would be affected0
a. Amylase
b. /olipase
c. Lactase
d. Pepsin
e. *rypsin
'
(
.
*he partial pressure of oxygen in the tracheal air of a resting# young# healthy patient is &nown to
be 1(! mmHg# however# when the alveolar oxygen partial pressure is tested# the pressure reads 8!
mmHg. *his finding mostly li&ely indicates which of the following about this patient0
a. A normal alveolar ventilation and perfusion
b. Poor alveolar ventilation
c. Poor alveolar perfusion
d. >iffusion limited gas exchange
e. Arteriovenous blood shunting
'
6
.
/arbon monoxide is a deadly gas and binds to hemoglobin when inhaled. 5t creates problems
because it binds to the same site as oxygen does# competing for the same binding site. *his
ultimately causes the erythrocyte to deliver carbon monoxide instead of oxygen to the tissues.
4hich of the following is the binding site for carbon monoxide0
a. globin
b. amino acid
c. copper
d. iron
e. manganese
'
7
.
A patient presents with fatigue and generaliFed wea&ness. +xamination revealed significant pallor.
Peripheral blood smear which is shown below shows small and pale .)/. *he patient will benefit
with inta&e of
a. 5odine
b. 5ron
c. Aitamin )1$
d. .iboflavin
e. Aitamin A
'
8
.
Angiography on a 63-year-old male reveals atherosclerotic narrowing of the right renal artery. *he
left renal artery is intact. Mou conclude that the flow in the right-sided artery is decreased by a
factor of 16 compared to the left. *hus# the degree of stenosis in the right renal artery is
a. $(=
b. 33=
c. (!=
d. 7(=
e. !=
'

.
4hich of the following mechanisms help in acclimatiFation to high altitude0
a. >ecrease in pulmonary ventilation
b. >ecreased numbers of red blood cells
c. 5ncreased diffusing capacity of the lungs
d. >ecreased vascularity of the peripheral tissues
e. >ecreased ability of the tissue cells to use oxygen despite low Po$
(
!
.
A 7!-year-old woman undergoes a gastrectomy for Nollinger-+llison syndrome. Her doctor informs
her that she will need to ta&e intramuscular vitamin )1$ shots for the rest of her life. Absence of
which of the following cell types is responsible for this vitamin replacement reDuirement0
a. /hief cells
b. 1 cells
c. 1oblet cells
d. -ucous nec& cells
e. Parietal cells
(
1
.
*he pulmonary volume curve for a 3'-year-old male is shown on the slide below in comparison
with a normal curve 9dashed line:. 4hich of the following measures is increased in this patient0
a. Borced vital capacity 9BA/:
b. Borced expiratory volume in one second 9B+A1:
c. B+A1"BA/
d. .esidual volume
e. *idal volume
(
$
.
A $'-yr-old male person was brought to the +. with severe hypovolemia following severe burns.
How does his 6smolality and volume for +/B and 6smolality and volume for 5/B change
respectively0
a. >ecrease# increase# decrease# and increase
b. >ecrease# decrease# decrease# and increase
c. ,o change# increase# no change# and no change
d. ,o change# decrease# no change# and no change
e. 5ncrease# increase# increase# and decrease
f. 5ncrease# decrease# increase# and decrease
(
3
.
4hich of the following areas represents the volume of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath0
a. )/
b. />
c. >+
d. )+
e. /+
f. A)
(
'
.
5n the above picture# which area represents inspiratory capacity0
a. /+
b. >+
c. )/
d. A/
e. )>
f. )+
(
(
.
5n the above picture# the area )+ represents
a. *idal volume
b. Borced inspiratory volume
c. 5nspiratory capacity
d. Borced expiratory volume
e. Aital capacity
f. Bunctional residual capacity
(
6
.
5n the above picture# the area A/ represents
a. *idal volume
b. Borced inspiratory volume
c. 5nspiratory capacity
d. Borced expiratory volume
e. Aital capacity
f. Bunctional residual capacity
(
7
.
A patient visits the clinic complainig of confusion and disoreinetation. 5nvestigations revealed
cerebral edema. /* chest revealed a lung tumor. 4hich of the following abnormalities would one
find in this patient0
a. Hyponatremia due to excess water
b. Hyponatremia due to excess sodium loss
c. Hypernatremia due to dehydration
d. Hypernatremia due to excess sodium inta&e
(
8
.
A patient presents to the clinic with complaints of breathlessness and cough with sputum
production. *he breathlessness has increased in recent days. C-ray and /* scan revealed the
presence of a collapsed lobe in the right lung. *his condition leads to
a. 4asted ventilation 9dead space:
b. Aenous admixture
c. 4asted perfusion 9shunt:
d. 2hifting in the hemoglobin diffusion curve
e. >ecreased tissue 6$ utiliFation
(

.
4hat is the direction of the flow of the fluid in relation to the capillaries and what is the net
outward"inward pressure in a given tissue if the pressures are as follows
/apillary hydrostatic pressure (( mm Hg
/apillary oncotic pressure 3' mmHg
5nterstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure $8 mm Hg
*issue oncotic pressure ' mmHg
a. 5nwards and '( mm Hg
b. 6utwards and 3 mm Hg
c. 5nwards and 3 mm Hg
d. 6utwards and (7 mm Hg
e. 5nwards and (7 mm Hg
f. 6utwards and '( mm Hg
6
!
.
5n the above Duestion# if the 5nterstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure was changed to negative 1! mm
Hg 9-1! mm Hg:# then what is the direction of the flow of the fluid in relation to the capillaries and
what is the net 6utward"5nward pressure0
a. 5nwards and 3( mm Hg
b. 6utwards and 7 mm Hg
c. 5nwards and 7 mm Hg
d. 6utwards and 83 mm Hg
e. 5nwards and 83 mm Hg
f. 6utwards and 3( mm Hg
61. A 16-year-old male patient visited the emergency room with
complaints of deep# rapid breathing# dry s&in and mouth# and flushed
face. Laboratory examination revealed very high levels of glucose and
&etone bodies. *he patient?s condition is most li&ely associated with
which of the following acid-base disturbances0
a. High anion gap metabolic acidosis
b. ,ormal anion gap metabolic acidosis
c. .espiratory acidosis
d. .espiratory al&alosis
e. -etabolic al&alosis
6$. A $'-yr-old male person was brought to the +. with severe
hemorrhage following a motor vehicular accident. How does his
6smolality and volume for +/B and 6smolality and volume for 5/B
change respectively0
a. >ecrease# increase# decrease# and increase
b. >ecrease# decrease# decrease# and increase
c. ,o change# increase# no change# and no change
d. ,o change# decrease# no change# and no change
e. 5ncrease# increase# increase# and decrease
f. 5ncrease# decrease# increase# and decrease
63. A patient presents with complaints of breathlessness# puffiness of face#
swollen legs# % bloated abdomen. +xamination revealed pitting edema
of legs# pleural effusion# % ascites. Jrinalysis revealed a proteinuria of
'.( g"day. A diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome with chronic renal failure
was made. 4hich of the following characteristics will be seen in this
patient0
a. -etabolic al&alosis
b. Hypophosphatemia
c. Hyper&alemia
d. >ecreased blood urea levels
e. -egaloblastic anemia
6'. *he blood of a patient is tested in the lab for grouping and typing. *he
blood did reacted when A and ) antibodies were added but did not
react when > antibodies are added. *he patientIs blood group based
on the above reactions is
a. A positive
b. ) positive
c. A) positive
d. 6 positive
e. A negative
f. ) negative
g. A) negative
6(. A $8-year-old male patient was brought to the hospital after collapsing
at a construction site where he wor&ed all day long in the summer
heat without ta&ing enough brea&s. History given by co-wor&ers
confirmed that he was sweating excessively. 4hich of the following
>arrow-Mannet diagrams would be representative of this patientIs
condition0

a. A

b. )

c. /

d. >

e. +
f. B
httpL""medicowesome.blogspot.com"$!13"!8"darrow-yannet-
diagrams-simplified.html
66. 4hich of the >arrow-Mannet diagrams shown above corresponds to
&idney disease leading to increased salt excretion0
httpL""medicowesome.blogspot.com"$!13"!8"darrow-yannet-
diagrams-simplified.html
a. A
b. )
c. /
d. >
e. +

f. B
67. A prematurely born infant is found to exhibit polyuria# polydipsia#
muscle wea&ness# vomiting# % high heart rate. +xamination revealed
normal blood pressure % sensorineural deafness. 5nvestigation
revealed hypo&alemia# hypocalcemia# % hypomagnesemia. A diagnosis
of )artterIs syndrome was given. *he pathophysiology of this disease
is similar to the mechanism of action of which of the following drugs0
a. AcetoFolamide
b. HydrochlorthiaFide
c. Burosemide
d. -annitol
e. Amiloride
f. 2pironolactone
68. A 22-year-old man participates in a research experiment in which the ICF
must be determined. His inulin space is 1.2 !" 12I-albumin space is 2.# !"
$H2% space is &1.$ !" and his hematocrit is &$'. (hat is the ICF o) this man
*in !+,
a. .$
b. 12.$
c. 1$.2
d. 18.1
e. 2-.$
). 26.1
6#. A &2-year-old obese woman experiences episodic abdominal pain. .he notes
that the pain increases a)ter the in/estion o) a )atty meal. 0he action o) which o) the
)ollowin/ hormones is responsible )or the postprandial intensi1cation o) her
symptoms,
A. Cholecysto2inin
3. 4astrin
C. 5epsin
6. .ecretin
7. .omatostatin
81.A patient under/oes a total /astrectomy because o) a proximally located /astric
cancer. A)ter the sur/ery" which o) the )ollowin/ di/esti9e en:ymes will be produced
in inade;uate amounts,
A. Amylase
3. Chymotrypsin
C. !ipase
6. 5epsin
7. 0rypsin
72. A 42-year-old obese woman experiences episodic abdominal pain. She notes that the pain increases after the
ingestion of a fatty meal. The action of which of the following hormones is responsible for the postprandial
intensification of her symptoms?
A. Cholecystoinin
!. "astrin
C. #epsin
$. Secretin
%. Somatostatin
8$. A pre/nant woman in her second trimester complains o) heat intolerance and
palpitations. 5hysical examination re9eals a sli/htly enlar/ed" non-tender thyroid
/land" and a normal cardiac exam. 0he serum thyroxine *0&+ le9el is increased<
howe9er" the serum thyroid-stimulatin/ hormone *0.H+ is normal. (hich o) the
)ollowin/ best explains the laboratory 1ndin/s in this patient,
A. 6ecreased estro/en
3. Increased )ree thyroxine *0&+
C. Increased pro/esterone
6. Increased serum triiodothyronine *0$+
7. Increased thyroid-bindin/ /lobulin *034+
8&. 0wo normal" healthy sub=ects 9olunteer )or a study on insulin secretion. In
5atient 1" blood /lucose is increased to 1- m/>d! by direct intra9enous in)usion. In
5atient 2" blood /lucose is increased to 1- m/>d! by in/estion o) oral /lucose. 0he
pea2 plasma insulin concentration produced in 5atient 1 is 8- ?@>m! while in 5atient
2" it is # ?@>m!. (hich o) the )ollowin/ best explains the hi/her insulin
concentration in 5atient 2,
A. In/ested /lucose acti9ates a sympathetic reAex that increases Bbeta< cell
release o) insulin
3. In/ested /lucose increases duodenal secretion o) /astric inhibitory peptide *4I5+"
increasin/ Bbeta< cell release o) insulin
C. Intra9enous /lucose increases islet cell secretion o) somatostatin" inhibitin/
Bbeta< cell release o) insulin
6. Intra9enous /lucose increases islet cell secretion o) /luca/on" inhibitin/ Bbeta<
cell release o) insulin
8. An && genotypic infant is born with ambig'o's genitalia. (aboratory examination re)eals hypoglycemia
hyperalemia* and salt wasting. Ser'm +7-,- progesterone is maredly increased. .hich of the following is the
most liely diagnosis?
A. /-alpha-red'ctase deficiency
!. ++-beta-hydroxylase deficiency
C. +7-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency
$. 2+-hydroxylase deficiency
%. Complete androgen resistance
70. Cost o) the testosterone secreted by the testes exists in the plasma in the )orm
o)
A. dihydrotestosterone bound to /onadal steroid-bindin/ hormone
3. )ree dihydrotestosterone
C. )ree testosterone
6. testosterone bound to albumin
7. testosterone bound to sex-steroid-bindin/ /lobulin
88. .hich of the following directly inhibits ins'lin secretion?
A. Alpha2-adrenergic agonist
!. !eta2-adrenergic agonist
C. Cholecystoinin
$. "l'cagon
%. 1ngestion of a high-s'gar meal
2. 3'scarinic agonists
74. %ndometrial biopsy demonstrates a thic endometri'm with long* coiled glands lined by a col'mnar epitheli'm
with prominent cytoplasmic )ac'oles ad5acent to the gland l'men. %arlier in the menstr'al cycle* the glands were
m'ch smaller and were lined with cells that did not ha)e )ac'oles. .hich of the following hormones is primarily
responsible for ind'cing this change in appearance?
A. Aldosterone
!. Cortisol
C. %strogen
$. #rogesterone
%. Thyroxine
76. A //-year-old woman stopped menstr'ating approximately 7 months ago. .orried that she may be pregnant* she
decided to ha)e a pregnancy test. The test came bac negati)e. .hich of the following series of tests res'ltswo'ld
confirm that the woman is postmenopa'sal?
A. $ecreased (-* decreased 2S-* increased estrogen
!. $ecreased (-* increased 2S-* decreased estrogen
C. 1ncreased (-* decreased 2S-* decreased estrogen
$. 1ncreased (-* increased 2S-* decreased estrogen
%. 1ncreased (-* increased 2S-* increased estrogen
48. .hich of the following hormones is most important in initiating gall bladder contraction?
A. Cholecystoinin 9CC:;
!. "astric inhibitory peptide 9"1#;
C. "astrin
$. Secretin
%. <asoacti)e intestinal polypeptide 9<1#;
4+. 1n the transition from a "raafian follicle to a f'nctional corp's l'te'm* which of the following cell'lar e)ents
occ'rs?
A. "ran'losa cells begin to express aromatase
!. "ran'losa cells begin to express 2S- receptors
C. "ran'losa cells begin to express (- receptors
$. Theca cells begin to express (- receptors
%. Theca cells begin to express side-chain clea)age en=yme
42. .hich of the following areas of the adrenal gland wo'ld yo' expect to increase in acti)ity in a patient s'b5ected
to salt restriction?
A. Adrenal med'lla
!. >ona fascic'lata of the adrenal cortex
C. >ona glomer'losa of the adrenal cortex
$. >ona retic'laris of the adrenal cortex
47. A normal* healthy* 24-year-old woman has reg'lar menstr'al cycles* each lasting abo't 24 days. $aily ser'm
samples from the woman re)eal decreasing progesterone and +7-?beta@-estradiol le)els. Ser'm (- and 2S- le)els
are low* and begin rising. !asal body temperat're begins falling. .ithin three days* which of the following e)ents
wo'ld be expected to occ'r?
A. 3aredly increased inhibin le)els
!. 3enstr'ation
C. ,)'lation
$. Aapidly decreased (- le)els
%. Significantly increased basal body temperat're