CAD Overlay2i GSG

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All Rights Reserved

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Autodesk MapGuide, Autodesk University, Autodesk View, Autodesk WalkThrough, Autodesk World, AutoLISP,
AutoShade, AutoSketch, AutoSurf, AutoVision, Biped, bringing information down to earth, CAD Overlay, Character
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Microsoft, Visual Basic, Visual C++, and Windows are registered trademarks and Visual FoxPro and the Microsoft Visual
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Third Party Software Program Credits
ACIS ® © 1994, 1997, 1999 Spatial Technology, Inc., Three-Space Ltd., and Applied Geometry Corp. All rights
reserved.
© 2000 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
International CorrectSpell™Spelling Correction System © 1995 by Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products, N.V. All
rights reserved.
InstallShield™ 3.0. © 1997 InstallShield Software Corporation. All rights reserved.
Portions © 1991-1996 Arthur D. Applegate. All rights reserved.
Portions of this software are based on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
Typefaces from the Bitstream ® typeface library © 1992.
Typefaces from Payne Loving Trust © 1996. All rights reserved.
The license management portion of this product is based on Élan License Manager © 1989, 1990, 1998 Élan
Computer Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
Portions of CAD Overlay licensed by Hitachi Software Engineering Co., Ltd. under US Patents 5,291,561, 5,253,338,
& 5,339,366.
Portions (libgeotiff) copyright (c) 1995 Niles D. Ritter.
Portions of this computer program are copyright © 1995-1999 LizardTech, Inc. All rights reserved.
MrSID is protected by U.S. Patent No. 5,710,835. Foreign Patents Pending
Portions of this computer program are copyright © 2000 Earth Resource Mapping, Inc.
WexTech AnswerWorks © 2000 WexTech Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Wise for Installation System for Windows Installer © 2000 Wise Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.
© C-Dilla Labs, a Macrovision company.
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(Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights) and DFAR 267.7202 (Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software), as applicable.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C O
Contents
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In This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
What’s New in CAD Overlay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
CAD Overlay Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
When to Use CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Who Should Use CAD Overlay? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
How to Use the Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Getting Started Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
KOnline Tutorials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
CAD Overlay Home Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
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Minimum Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Minimum Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Hardware Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Network Installation of CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Using CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Starting CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Configuring CAD Overlay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Accessing the CAD Overlay Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Image Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Using AutoCAD Imaging Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
iii
Image Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Image Insertion and Correlation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Image Manage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Using AutoCAD Commands on Your Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Exiting the Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
^"zF F"amV:mFamV:"m="¦amVh"VF

Creating New Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Inserting Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Pick Correlation Source Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Modify Correlation Values Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Insertion Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Saving Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Exporting Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
^"zF T FamVh"VFpzFaF TQ

Setting Up Your Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Changing Layer, Color, Linetype, and Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Applying Transparency Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Masking Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
^"zF Q h"VF=aamV QQ

Correlating Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Rubbersheeting an Image After Correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Enhancing and Converting Grayscale and Color Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Enhancing Images Using Image Processing and Cleanup Commands . . . 62
Selecting Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Merging Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
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Editing Raster Using REM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
REM Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Region Object. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Enhanced Bitonal Region Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Primitive Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Region Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Enhanced Bitonal Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Selection Options for Enhanced Bitonal Region Objects . . . . . . . . . 77
Connected Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Smart Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Primitive Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
iv | Contents
Using REM Objects to Edit Raster Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Edit Mode Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Merging REM Objects into Existing Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Merging Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Snapping to Binary Raster Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
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Vectorization Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Vectorizing and Verifying Dimensions with
Vectorization Tools . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 92
The Follower Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Using Vector Separation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Key Concepts: Vectorization Tools . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 99
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Choosing Your Installation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Single-User Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Network Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Common Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Network Deployment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Client Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Your CAD Overlay CD-ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
The CAD Overlay CD-ROM for Customers in the United States
and Canada (Domestic). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
The CAD Overlay CD-ROM for International Customers . . . . . . . . 109
Checking System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Minimum System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Network Installation of CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Requirements for Sharing Data in a Network Environment . . . . . . 110
Preparing for Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Virtual Memory Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
File Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Login as Administrator (Windows NT Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Installation Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Where to Install Your Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Unique Installation Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Custom Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
More than One AutoCAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Installing Single-User CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Contents | v
Installing CAD Overlay on a Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Client Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Network Deployment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Associating CAD Overlay to Your AutoCAD Desktop . . . . . . . . . . 114
CAD Overlay Program Group Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
CAD Overlay Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
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Flexible Licensing Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Single-User Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Floating Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Network Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Registering Your Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Authorizing CAD Overlay for a Domestic Single User . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Authorizing CAD Overlay for an International Single User . . . . . . . . . . 121
Important License Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Understanding the License Folder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Changing the System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Updating Components on a Licensed Computer or Installing a
New Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Uninstalling and Reinstalling CAD Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Restoring from a Disk Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
License Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
CAD Overlay Portable License Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Understanding License Transfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Viewing License Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Transferring a License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Adding a Computer to the Pool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Exporting a License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Importing a License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Modifying the Pool of Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Specifying Portable License Utility Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Licensing CAD Overlay on a Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
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vi | Contents
Part 1
Working with CAD Overlay
1
2 | Part 1 Working with CAD Overlay
Welcome to
CAD Overlay 2000i
1
Autodesk® CAD Overlay® 2000i converts scanned paper In this chapter
drawings, blueprints, aerial photographs, and maps into ■ New features in this release
■ Basics of using raster and
data you can edit and manage in AutoCAD® drawings.
vector images with CAD
You can insert binary, grayscale, and color raster images Overlay and AutoCAD
■ How to use the documentation
into your AutoCAD drawings, then correlate, edit,
manipulate, convert, save, and export the data.
3
CAD Overlay 2000i allows you to convert scanned paper drawings, blue-
prints, aerial photographs, and maps into data you can edit and manage in
AutoCAD drawings. You can insert binary, grayscale, and color raster images
into your AutoCAD drawings, then correlate, edit, manipulate, convert, save,
and export the data.
This release can increase your efficiency and accuracy by providing improved
access to tools and commands, a full array of vectorization tools, and the
ability to share image and correlation data on the Internet.
In This Manual
The purpose of this manual is to provide you with the information you need
to get started with CAD Overlay. Part 1 presents the fundamentals of
CAD Overlay 2000i. Part 2 provides installation, licensing, and upgrade
information. Appendix A lists raster image formats supported by
CAD Overlay. The glossary provides definitions of terms used with the
software.
The rest of this chapter describes:
■ New features in this release

■ Basics of using raster and vector images with CAD Overlay and AutoCAD
■ How to use the software and documentation
You will find detailed documentation online in the form of tutorials and a
User’s Guide in online Help. This section describes how to use all the docu-
mentation, printed and online.
What’s New in CAD Overlay

CAD Overlay 2000i is the most powerful imaging tool yet. You now have
improved ability to convert raster data to vector with the new Vectorization
tools. Image management functions have been consolidated into one easy
location. And editing images—even sub-regions of images—has never been
easier.
For links to more detailed information about each feature, use to

locate “What’s New in CAD Overlay 2000i” in online Help.
4 | Chapter 1 Welcome to CAD Overlay 2000i

What’s New in CAD Overlay
Function Feature Enhancements
"4âmV Insert Image Reads and writes geo-referenced images to and

h"VF from the Internet with URL support *
Inserts geo-referenced wavelet format imagery
including ECW and MrSID *
Browses drives, previews image thumbnails and
details, and inserts images with frames only
"¦amV"m= Save Saves images to favorite locations on the Internet,

¨zpamV As/Export including Buzzsaw.com and Redspark.com *
Export World Exports the correlation of the selected image as a

File world file without exporting the image itself *
pFd"apm Manual Repositions the insertion point, scale, or rotation

Correlation With the new user interface, helps correlate your
images more easily
Rubbersheet Autodesk Land Development Desktop users can

substitute COGO points when prompted to enter a
point *
You can choose multi-point image registration
through control points
Provides access through a new user interface,
which contains error reporting and control point
editing
h"VF Image Controls display order and manages images and

"m"VFhFm Manage insertions with the redesigned Image Manage
Dialog Box dialog box *
Manages any attached images by showing the
image’s attributes. New right-click menu options
MDE Full integration of AutoCAD MDE (Multiple

Document Environment)
Single Image Automatic image selection if only one image is

Optimization attached to a drawing
h"VF=aamV Deskew Rotates the small angle of an image using a raster

reference
Performs an image edit rather than simply a frame
rotation
What’s New in CAD Overlay | 5

Function Feature Enhancements (continued)
Despeckle Removes imperfections in the scanning process

from the entire image or from a sub-region of the
image *
You can specify speckle size by clicking a speckle or
defining a window in the image *
You can de-select speckles, or regions, before the
selected speckles are deleted *
Change Color You can adjust an image’s color depth to any

Depth supported depth from bitonal to true color *
Change You can increase or decrease image density *

Density
Bitonal Filters You can filter the entire image or a sub-region of

the image *
Thickening filter widens the edges of raster objects
by one pixel (per pass) in the directions that you
specify
Smoothing filter removes unnecessary pixels from
the edges of raster objects, and fills holes in raster
lines and removes speckles from raster images
Thinning filter trims raster objects by one pixel (per
pass) in specified directions
Skeletonize filter thins all raster data to a one-pixel
thickness (you can use skeletonize, to thin your
raster data to a one pixel width, and then run the
thicken filter to achieve an equal width)
Separate filter converts partially merged raster lines
to two distinct lines
Bias Stretches the image in the x and/or y direction to

account for scanning errors *
Remove Erase raster using existing geometry *
REM A new, more intuitive paradigm to edit raster

images as easily as vector
Uses AutoCAD commands such as MOVE, SCALE,
COPY, and ROTATE on raster objects

Function Feature Enhancements (continued)
F4pa«"apm Vectorization Creates circles, arcs, text, and rectangles with

Tools improved vectorization tools *
Uses One Pick selection to create lines, polylines,
arcs, and circles from raster drawings with a single
click *
Uses SmartCorrect technology with One Pick
selection to apply AutoCAD drafting settings to
lines and polylines *
Follows raster to create polylines *
Generates contour objects on the fly (requires
AutoCAD® Land Development Desktop) *
Controls output with Vector Separation control for
continuous and noncontinuous entities *
Creates profiles from raster drawings with
3DPolyline follower *
m"zzamV Raster Snap Controls snap modes, aperture size and glyphs
through AutoCAD’s Drafting Settings dialog box
Accesses the Raster Snap tab on AutoCAD’s
Drafting Settings dialog box
* These feature enhancements are new in CAD Overlay 2000i, in addition to the changes in
CAD Overlay 2000.
To use Autodesk CAD Overlay 2000i, you must have AutoCAD 2000 or
another AutoCAD product, such as AutoCAD Map® 2000i, installed on your
computer.
CAD Overlay Basics

You can use CAD Overlay to edit and manage raster data. Raster data is a
series of dots, or pixels, that represents an image. This type of data is
produced when you scan a paper drawing, blueprint, or photograph.
There are three types of raster images:
am"© Two-color line drawings, also called bitonal

"©4"dF An image with several different shades of gray, such as a scanned black
and white photograph
pdp An image with multiple colors, such as a color satellite image
CAD Overlay Basics | 7

Vector data, on the other hand, is a group of mathematical equations that
generates lines, arcs, and other AutoCAD objects. Vector data is typically
made up of points which are used to define precise geometric shapes. This
type of data is produced when you draw objects in AutoCAD.
"F F4p
If you use AutoCAD without CAD Overlay, you can insert raster images into
a drawing and modify image display values such as brightness and contrast.
However, you need to use a raster editing program like CAD Overlay to do
any of the following:
■ Permanently edit the raster data of your images

■ Insert images that include correlation data into a drawing
■ Save images to another format
■ Export images to create external correlation files
Key Concepts: CAD Overlay Basics

■ In CAD Overlay, image frames, also called boundaries, are defined as
AutoCAD objects, which means you can assign a frame to a layer and
change its color.
■ In this documentation, the term raster entities refers to the lines, arcs, and
circles, including text, that make up a binary raster image.

Each line, circle,
and arc in a binary
raster image is a
raster entity
"FFmaaF
■ Raster data refers to the pixels that make up a binary, grayscale, or color
image. All references to a raster image refer to an image file or to the repre-
sentation of that image after it is inserted into an AutoCAD drawing.
■ Converting raster to vector makes modifying a drawing easier and may
result in reducing the total file size of your project. After you convert raster
data to vector entities such as lines or polylines, you can edit the vector
entities using AutoCAD commands. To convert raster to vector, you can
use the CAD Overlay vectorization tools.
■ You can use the CAD Overlay REM commands to edit individual raster
entities and raster areas directly. You can create a selection set of a raster
area or raster entities, and then you can move, copy, or delete the selection
set using native AutoCAD commands.
■ You can use vectorization tools to convert raster data to vector.
Vectorization tools replace raster geometry with vector geometry that can
be manipulated like any other AutoCAD objects, and vectorization tools
can even remove the raster data as you proceed.
When to Use CAD Overlay

You can use CAD Overlay to
■ Insert images that respect correlation information from various sources

■ Permanently adjust image brightness and contrast, convert color images
to grayscale, and convert color and grayscale images to binary images—all
by using a histogram
CAD Overlay Basics | 9

■ Trace the raster lines, arcs, circles, or even contours on a binary raster
image, converting the raster geometry to vectors interactively or semi-
automatically
■ Modify the display order of images
■ Merge two or more raster images
■ Remove parts of images
■ Merge vectors into a raster image
■ Read, save, and export images to different names, locations, and formats
■ Move, delete, and copy binary raster entities and areas on raster images
using the REM (raster entity manipulation) commands
■ Make vector additions to raster entities by using raster snap modes to snap
the new vectors to existing raster entities
■ Correlate images with AutoCAD coordinates or vectors
■ Select a color in an image and make it transparent
■ Clean up areas in raster images such as blueprints and floor plans
■ Correct distortions in images
Who Should Use CAD Overlay?

Anyone who wants to edit, manage, and correlate raster images with
AutoCAD can benefit from the capabilities of CAD Overlay.
4âF4 To incorporate photographs and old hand-drawn plans into new

vector data for planning and presentation purposes before
remodeling, renovating, or doing historic reconstruction.
"pV"z^F To take advantage of real-world coordinate support. When

running on AutoCAD’s GIS based desktops, such as AutoCAD
Land Development Desktop Release 2, and AutoCAD Map®
Release 4, CAD Overlay gives you the ability to perform
coordinate transformations.
m¦apmhFm"d To generate groundwater contours, locate wells, plot

zF4a"da contamination values, and use scanned soil maps and geo-
referenced data for support of risk assessment.

Fp_F¨zdp"apm To use remote sensing data for exploration planning, strata
zF4a"da"m= mapping, and geo-technical applications.
FmVamFF
"m=zd"mmF To integrate imagery, maps, and terrain models into base maps
that depict change analysis.
F4^"ma4"d To easily update scanned drawings using raster entity

FmVamFF manipulation (REM) commands.

^ppV"hhFa4 To use many image formats, including GeoTIFF and GeoSPOT.
"m=FhpF Also, to use rubbersheeting and other correlation commands to
FmamV ah integrate images into base maps.
Fp¤4F To use remote sensing data, scanned forest cover-type maps

h"m"VF and soil maps, and geo-referenced data and images for impact
studies in forestry, soil science, hydrology, and wildlife
management.
¤¦F©p To perform deed analysis using images for photogrammetric

control by using the vectorization tools to convert raster to
vector.
p§m:4a©: To use scanned tax maps and ordinance surveys as references

4p¤m©:h¤ma4az"d for detailing city systems and GIS tasks.
"m="F
h"zzamV
"VFm4aF
How to Use the Documentation

The CAD Overlay documentation set is divided into three main categories:
■ This Getting Started guide highlights the features of CAD Overlay with key
concepts, and directs you to the online tutorials and online Help , as
appropriate, for greater detail.
■ The online tutorials contain lessons to familiarize you with how
CAD Overlay works. The lessons include actual drawing files for you to
work on. It is recommended that you run through the tutorials for an
understanding of how the CAD Overlay features are applied to real life
scenarios.
■ The online Help contains all the information you need to work with raster
and vector images.
Getting Started Guide

When a feature is described in this guide, the associated dialog box is shown
along with instructions for using it. Key concepts summarize the feature’s
main points, and brief procedures outline step by step how to use the feature
and direct you to topics in the online documentation.
If you needed to insert an image, for example, you might check the table of
contents or the index. You would find that Chapter 3 contains the informa-
tion you need, with numbered steps to follow to complete the task. Some
steps include references to the online Help.
How to Use the Documentation | 11

For example:
To insert an image
Fz F pdp4"F
s Select Image ➤ Insert Insert Images

or
type aamF.
At the end of a topic in this manual, you will often see the following format
that contains a reference to the online tutorials and Help files:
For more information about exporting images, use to locate “Save

an Image by Exporting” in CAD Overlay online Help.
Online Help
The online Help files can provide you with detailed reference information
about options, commands and dialog boxes. You can access CAD Overlay
Help files by using several different methods. Each method takes you to a dif-
ferent place in the Help file, and each method has its own benefits.
Accessing online Help
F^p= F¤d FmFOa
From the program Displays a help This method can be useful when
group, select the window with two you are not sure which topic has
CAD Overlay Help Files panes. The navigation the information you need. Since
icon pane, on the left, the navigation pane remains
includes Contents, open while you view the topic,
or Index, and Search the context in which the current
tabs. Use these tabs topic is located will often direct
Select Image ➤ Help. to display information you to the information you need.
in the topic pane on
the right side of the
Help window.
Press F1 when you have Displays the Help This method takes you directly to
a dialog box open. topic that describes the information you need while
the options in the you have the dialog box open.
dialog box.

Accessing online Help (continued)
F^p= F¤d FmFOa
Press F1 when you are Displays the Help This method takes you directly to
in the middle of topic that describes the information you need while
running a command the command you are you are using a command.
and the command line running.
prompts you for input.
From the Image menu, Displays the Help This method takes you directly to
select a command and topic that describes the information you need.
press F1. the selected
command.
Click a Help button in a Displays the Help This method takes you directly to
dialog box. topic that describes the information that you need
the options in the while you have the dialog box
dialog box. open.
The following procedure describes how to locate a topic title in the Help file.
To use online Help to locate CAD Overlay Help topic titles
Fz
s Select Image ➤ Help to display the main Help contents window.
¢ Click the Search tab.

If you have not previously used the Search tab, the Search Setup Wizard will prompt
you to create a word search database.

To use online Help to locate CAD Overlay Help topic titles (continued)
Fz
Click Next to continue.
T Click Finish to create the word database.
Q In the first edit box, type the name of the Help topic title you want to locate.
Topics with a similar title will be displayed in the third box on the dialog box.
Click the name of the topic you want to locate, and then click Display to view the
Help topic.
When the Help topic is displayed, you can print the topic by selecting
Options ➤ Print Topic; you can view related topics by clicking the green,
underlined text; or you can click Help Topics to return to the main Contents page.
Key Concepts: Online Help

When you open the Help file, the Help window is divided into two panes.
On the right is the navigation pane, where the Contents, Index, and Search
tabs are displayed. Main topics are indicated on the Contents tab by book
icons. If you double-click, or open, the book icon, individual topics are dis-
played under each book. To view a topic such as “Insert Images,” double-click
the page icon, or select the page icon and click Display. You can also select a
book and click Print to print the pages in that book if you want a paper copy
of the information.
If you installed CAD Overlay on AutoCAD 2000i, online Help features an
additional feature called Query. Click the Query button to search online Help
by entering a question in your own words. Because this method allows you
to use synonyms for many CAD Overlay terms, you do not have to know the
name of the command to find information about it.
■ The Help window has three tabs: Contents, Index, and Search.
■ Click the Index tab to view a list of Help topics. You can double-click any
index entry to view the topic for that entry. If more than one topic shares
the same index entry, then you can choose the topic that you want to
view.
■ Click the Search tab if you want to search for specific words, for example,
to search for Help topic titles that are listed in this guide.
■ With a topic open, you can move to other relevant topics or definitions
by selecting the green, underlined text.

■ You can click Back to move back to the previous topic.
■ You can click the browse buttons to move forward and backward through
a sequence of related topics.
Online Tutorials
Each CAD Overlay tutorial contains a series of related lessons. A folder
containing the images and drawings used in the lessons accompanies each
tutorial.
In each lesson, you work with various images to explore particular features
of CAD Overlay. The lessons are organized based on how you would typically
work with the those types of images. You can complete the lessons in any
order you choose. The images and drawings used in later lessons do not
require you to have completed the earlier lessons.
You can access the tutorials by selecting Help on the Image menu and
choosing CAD Overlay 2000i Tutorials.
The tutorial lessons are displayed in a window you can keep open while you
perform the steps in the lesson. If you want to hide the window while you
perform the steps, then you can select Options ➤ Keep Help On Top ➤ Not
on Top. If you want to print a tutorial, select the tutorial book icon on the
Contents tab of the tutorial and click Print.

CAD Overlay Home Page
If you have an Internet connection, then you can find additional informa-
tion about CAD Overlay on the CAD Overlay home page. The CAD Overlay
home page includes information about technical support, purchasing infor-
mation, and how to access the CAD Overlay news group.
To access the CAD Overlay home page
Fz
s Select Image ➤ CAD Overlay Home Page.

or
Click the icon on the CAD Overlay toolbar.
or
Open http://www.autodesk.com/overlayuser from your Web browser.

Getting Started
2
CAD Overlay can read scanned and photographic In this chapter
images, including GeoSPOT satellite images and wavelet ■ Minimum System Requirements
■ Starting and configuring
compressed images. More than 80 percent of the world’s
CAD Overlay
engineering drawings still exist as paper drawings, ■ Accessing the CAD Overlay
commands
which are sometimes damaged or misfiled and can be
■ Using CAD Overlay and
difficult to update. CAD Overlay provides an effective, AutoCAD together
low-cost method for archiving and updating these ■ Using AutoCAD commands on
your images
drawings.
17
To use CAD Overlay, you must convert your paper drawing to raster data. You
can use a large document scanner, a desktop scanner, or a hand-held scanner
to save the raster image to a file type that CAD Overlay can read. File size is
determined by the scan resolution (dots per inch), the file format, the come-
plexity of the drawing, and the size of the paper drawing being scanned.
Minimum Requirements
To run properly, CAD Overlay 2000i requires a minimum of the following
hardware and software. If your computer does not meet the minimum
requirements, upgrade your computer before installing any software, to
avoid problems later.
Minimum Requirements
■ Pentium 133, or better or compatible processor
■ Microsoft® Windows NT® 4.0 or Microsoft Windows 95b/98
■ AutoCAD 2000, AutoCAD Map® 2000, AutoCAD Architectural
Desktop™ 2000 or any equivalent AutoCAD product
Hardware Requirements
The following recommendations for RAM and hard disk space provide
acceptable performance. Increasing RAM and hard disk space provides a
more efficient workstation.
Random Access Memory: 32 MB
Hard Disk Space: The amount of disk space depends on the type of
installation. See installation program for disk space requirements.
Display device: 800 by 600 VGA video display (1024 by 768 is
recommended)
A mouse or other pointing device
Optional: The following hardware is recommended:
■ Printer or plotter
■ Digitizer
■ Serial or parallel port for peripheral devices
■ Network interface card for network versions of CAD Overlay
■ Modem or access to an Internet connection
18 | Chapter 2 Getting Started

Network Installation of CAD Overlay
System administrators planning to install CAD Overlay on a network must
have one of the following installed and functioning on the computers that
are running CAD Overlay:
■ TCP/IP
■ IPX protocol
Using CAD Overlay

You can use CAD Overlay to insert, edit, correlate, and convert raster images
in any AutoCAD drawing.
Using CAD Overlay you can:
■ Update existing paper drawings by scanning them, then adding vector

information or editing the raster entities.
■ Insert tiled quadrant sheets into a drawing using the correlation data
saved within the files.
■ Convert a grayscale contour map to a binary image you can then vectorize
and use to create a digital terrain model surface.
■ Correlate images so that they are positioned correctly within the
AutoCAD coordinate system.
■ Move, delete, and copy binary raster entities and areas on raster images.
Starting CAD Overlay

CAD Overlay runs seamlessly with AutoCAD. The CAD Overlay setup
program automatically creates an icon that you can use to start both
programs.
To start the CAD Overlay programs
Fz F pdp4"F
s To initialize AutoCAD and CAD Overlay, select the

CAD Overlay icon.
¢ Select Image ➤ Insert to insert an image or select Insert Images

Image ➤ Options to configure CAD Overlay. Configure CAD Overlay
Using CAD Overlay | 19

NOTE For complete instructions on installing CAD Overlay, see Chapter 8,
“Installing CAD Overlay” on page 103.
Configuring CAD Overlay

The options in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box control CAD Overlay
settings, paths, memory, and the default correlation information for new
images, image masks, and vector merge. These settings affect the entire draw-
ing and all images that are inserted into the drawing.
To access the CAD Overlay Options dialog box, and select Image ➤ Options
or type ioptions.
Key Concepts: Configuring CAD Overlay

You use the CAD Overlay Options dialog box to configure CAD Overlay. The
dialog box consists of the following tabs:
■ Paths sets the path for correlation files and the AutoPaste feature.
■ User Preferences controls image detachment, message display options,
and the mouse settings. This tab also allows you to set default Startup
options.

■ Feature Settings sets the option to save a thumbnail with your image.
This tab also controls locking settings, Remove Under settings, and the
rub/crop line width.
■ Image Defaults sets the default correlation information for an image,
such as insertion point, scale, rotation, and density value.
■ Memory specifies a temporary swap file for CAD Overlay to use if it runs
out of RAM. This tab also allocates the amount of system RAM to be used
for images.
■ New Image sets the default values for the creation of a new image, includ-
ing image properties and default color type.
■ Vector Merge sets the default behavior for future vector merge operations,
including expanding an image and respecting the display order.
■ REM sets the default properties for REM Objects, including clipboard set-
tings and REM Object color.
■ Raster Entity Detection sets the default values for detecting various types
of raster geometry using either single-pick or multi-pick methods.
■ Image Mask sets the default property values for future image masks,
including turning the mask on and off, showing how the mask affects the
images in the drawing, and defining the mask boundary.
■ VTools General sets the default options for most of the vectorization
tools, including the removal method; Line, Circle, Arc and Polyline set-
tings; and the vector separation table which allows you to assign layers
and polyline widths based on the width of the raster being traced.
■ VTools Follower sets the default options for the follower-enabled vector-
ization tools, including the follower color, and the settings for contours
and 3D polylines.
For information about configuring CAD Overlay, use to locate

“Configure CAD Overlay.”in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Accessing the CAD Overlay Commands

You can access the CAD Overlay commands from the Image menu, the short-
cut menu, the toolbar, or the command line. We suggest you experiment
with all options to determine which you prefer.
Accessing the CAD Overlay Commands | 21

Image Menu
All CAD Overlay menu commands are located in the Image menu. The fol-
lowing chart outlines the commands you can access through the Image
menu, with sources for more information.
Image menu commands
phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
New Displays the New Image dialog box, which you can use to
define the frame and properties for an image you want to
create.
In this manual: see “Creating New Images” on page 34.
Related online Help topics:

■ Create a New Image
■ New Image Options tab
■ New Image Dialog Box
Insert Displays the Insert Image dialog box that is used to insert
images into your current AutoCAD drawing.
Here you can also access the Correlation Function, which also
allows easy image correlation through the Correlation Wizard.
In this manual: see “Inserting Images” on page 35.

■ Insert Image Dialog Box
■ Overview of Inserting Images
■ Overview of Correlation
Save, Save As, and Commands that you can use to export an image to a different
Export file format, save an image without saving the drawing, save an
image to another file name, location, or file type, or export the
correlation data associated with the image.
In this manual: see “Saving Images” on page 41 and “Exporting

Images” on page 42.

■ Save an Image by Exporting
■ Overview of Saving Images
■ Save an Image to Another File Name, Type, or Location

Image menu commands (continued)
phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
Correlate Commands you can use to correlate your image, by matching,

moving, scaling, or rubbersheeting.
In this manual: see “Correlating Images” on page 56.

■ Change the Image Scale and Rotation
■ Move an Image
■ Deskew an Image
■ Scale an Image
■ Overview of Rubbersheet
Manage Displays the Image Manage dialog box you can use to display
information about images or insertions, to change display order
of your insertions, to zoom to an image, to erase an image, to
change the active or saved path, and so on.
In this manual: see “Setting Up Your Data” on page 46.

■ Image Manage dialog box
■ Overview of Managing Images and Insertions
Cleanup Commands you can use to correct errors that may occur during
the scanning process. You can deskew, despeckle, invert, mirror,
or adjust an image’s bias.
In this manual see: see “Enhancing Images Using Image

Processing and Cleanup Commands” on page 62.

■ Overview of Modifying Images
■ Overview of Cleaning Up Images
Image Processing Commands you can use to enhance the appearance of your
image or convert an image to a different image type: histogram,
convolve, bitonal filters, Change Density, and Change Color
Depth.
In this manual: see “Enhancing Images Using Image Processing

and Cleanup Commands” on page 62.

■ Overview of Image Processing

phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
Raster Entity Commands you can use to define and manipulate raster entities.
Manipulation REM edits binary, color, and grayscale raster data. Unlike
commands such as mirror, histogram, and invert, which operate
on a whole image, REM commands can be used to edit small
sections of an image.
In this manual: see “Editing Raster Using REM” on page 72.

■ Overview of REM
■ Manipulate a REM Object
Mask Displays the New Image Mask dialog box that is used to create a
mask.
In this manual: see “Masking Images” on page 52.

■ Overview of Masking Images
Crop Commands you can use to crop images. Options are provided
for cropping a line, a circular region, a rectangular region, a
diagonal region, and a polygonal region.
In this manual: see “Rubbing and Cropping” on page 66.

■ Overview of Cropping Images
Remove Commands you can use to rub a raster line, rub multiple line
segments, rub a donut, rub an arc, rub within a polygon region,
rub within a diagonal region, rub within a rectangle region, or
remove using existing geometry.
In this manual: see “Rubbing and Cropping” on page 66.

■ Overview of Rubbing Images

phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
Merge Commands you can use to merge images or vector data, and
select raster pens widths.
In this manual: see “Merging Images” on page 68.

■ Overview of Merging Images
■ Merge Vectors into a Raster Image
Vectorization Tools Commands you can use to convert a raster arc, circle, text, line,
polyline, rectangle, or contour to vector.
In this manual: see “Converting Raster to Vector” on page 91.

■ Overview of Converting Raster Entities to Vector
Snap Displays the Raster Snap tab you use to set the snapping mode.
In this manual: see “Snapping to Binary Raster Entities” on

page 88.

■ Raster Snap
■ Raster Snap Tab
■ Specify Raster Snap Settings
Toggle Frames Changes the visibility of the image frame.

■ Configure CAD Overlay
■ Change the Image Frame Visibility
Toggle Quick Bar Changes the visibility of the Quick Bar.

■ Change the Quick Bar Visibility

phh"m=m"hF ¤m4apm
Options Displays the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that you can use
to configure CAD Overlay.
In this manual: see “Configuring CAD Overlay” on page 20.

■ CAD Overlay Options Dialog Box
■ Overview of Setting the Options
Help Displays the CAD Overlay User’s Guide in online Help.
CAD Overlay Opens the CAD Overlay home page on the Internet, if you have
Home Page an internet connection and browser:
http://www.autodesk.com/overlayuser
About Displays CAD Overlay licensing information.

CAD Overlay
Toolbar
With the CAD Overlay toolbar, you can access commands quickly. When you
pass your mouse over a tool icon, the name of the tool is displayed so you
can find out what the tool is used for. More detailed information about a
tool, such as the equivalent command you can type on the command line, is
displayed on the AutoCAD status bar at the bottom of the screen.
If you close a toolbar and want to display it again, hold the pointer over any
tool in an AutoCAD toolbar and right-click, then select the toolbar you want
from the shortcut menu.
Command Line
You can run most CAD Overlay commands by typing their names on the
command line. Many CAD Overlay commands start with the letter i. For
example, to run the histogram command, type ihistogram on the command
line.
For a detailed list of all the CAD Overlay commands, see Appendix B,
“CAD Overlay Command Summary” on page 137 in this manual.
For each topic that is described in the online Help, the menu path for the
command is listed as well as the command line equivalent.

Using AutoCAD Imaging Commands
AutoCAD imaging commands and CAD Overlay commands are fully
compatible with each other. The primary differences between them are based
on their image editing capabilities and the methods they provide to insert,
manage, and correlate images.
AutoCAD has basic imaging commands you can use to insert images, clip
images, and adjust image appearance.
AutoCAD command What you can use it for
IMAGE Attach, detach, load, reload, and unload images.
IMAGEADJUST Adjust the brightness and contrast of an image, and fade

the image (display-only adjustments).
IMAGEATTACH Attach (or insert) images.
IMAGECLIP Clip an image so that only a selected polygonal area of

the image is displayed.
IMAGEQUALITY Change between high and draft display modes.
IMAGEFRAME Turn frames on and off.
TRANSPARENCY Turn transparency on and off.
NOTE AutoCAD commands are shown in UPPERCASE. CAD Overlay com-

mands have an initial capital letter, for example, Histogram. When you type a
CAD Overlay command on the command line, the letter “i” precedes the
command name.
The next sections describe the differences between AutoCAD imaging

commands and CAD Overlay commands.
Image Editing
Using the AutoCAD imaging commands, you can modify image display
values such as brightness and contrast, and you can clip an image so that
only part of the image is displayed in the drawing. However, these adjust-
ments affect only how the image appears in your drawing. You cannot use
AutoCAD by itself to permanently edit the image pixels.
Using AutoCAD Imaging Commands | 27

CAD Overlay was designed to work with AutoCAD so that you can perma-
nently edit your images. For example, if you make adjustments to the
brightness and contrast of an image using the CAD Overlay Image ➤ Editing
Filters ➤ Histogram (ihistogram) command, you can save the edits to the
image file itself. Then, whenever you open a drawing that contains that
image file, the image appears with the correct brightness and contrast values.
If, on the other hand, you use the AutoCAD IMAGEADJUST command to
adjust the brightness of an image and you have the same image inserted into
another drawing, you must repeat the same changes to the image in the
other drawing.
Image Insertion and Correlation

Images you insert using the AutoCAD IMAGE command are completely com-
patible with images you insert using the CAD Overlay Image ➤ Insert
(iinsert) command. For example, if you insert images using the CAD Overlay
Insert command and you then save the drawing, the images are displayed
and correlated if you open the drawing using AutoCAD without
CAD Overlay.
Unlike AutoCAD, CAD Overlay respects correlation from various sources.
Whenever you insert an image using the Insert, CAD Overlay searches for
correlation files that are associated with that image. Then you can decide
which source to use.
These correlation sources include correlation that was saved in the image file,
resource files, world files, and the defaults that you specify in the
CAD Overlay Options dialog box. Using AutoCAD alone, you must manually
specify the correlation data.
Image Manage
AutoCAD stores only one definition of each image you insert into a drawing,
even if you have multiple copies of the same image in the drawing. The def-
inition is referred to as the image, while each copy is referred to as an insertion.
You can manage the images and insertions in your drawing using the
CAD Overlay Image ➤ Manage (imanage) dialog box.
Using the Images tab of the Image Manage dialog box, you can attach,
detach, load, and unload images. Attaching an image is equivalent to insert-
ing an image. Unloading an image removes the image from memory, speed-
ing up system performance.

Using the Insertions tab of the Image Manage dialog box, you can change the
display order of the images, zoom to an image, and erase an image from the
drawing. Each image you insert into the drawing—whether it is a copy of an
image or an unnamed image you created by merging two images together—
is listed in the Image Manage dialog box. This is helpful if you have more
than one copy of an image in your drawing.
Key Concepts: Imaging Commands

■ When you use the AutoCAD IMAGEATTACH command, you “attach” an
image to the drawing. If this terminology sounds familiar to you, it is
because AutoCAD uses a similar “attach” option to link xrefs to an
AutoCAD drawing.
■ You cannot actually edit the raster data of an image using AutoCAD with-
out CAD Overlay. To permanently edit an image, you must use an image
editing program like CAD Overlay.
Using AutoCAD Commands on Your Images

Because image frames are treated as AutoCAD objects, you can modify your
images using many of the AutoCAD commands you already know, such as
MOVE, COPY, ROTATE, and SCALE.
Using AutoCAD grips, you can select image frames and vectors and then
choose an editing command. You can edit both raster images and vector
objects at the same time by including both in your selection set.
NOTE You can use the AutoCAD UNDO command for up to ten CAD Overlay
image edits. This limit applies to edits that actually change raster data, not to
display-only changes. Some of the commands that are affected by this limit are
REM, Histogram, Rub, Crop, and Rubbersheet.
Using AutoCAD Commands on Your Images | 29

This table lists some frequently used AutoCAD commands.
AutoCAD command What you can use it for
REGEN Restore the correct display order of images. When you

edit an image, the image is placed on top of any other
images or vectors in your drawing. Use the AutoCAD
REGEN command to restore the images to their correct
order.
LAYER Control the display of images. You can insert each image
on a different layer and then use the LAYER options to
turn the image layers on or off, freeze them, change their
colors, or lock them to prevent the images on them from
being edited.
ZOOM and PAN Zoom to images and pan across images.
UNDO Undo the effects of a CAD Overlay command.
DVIEW Rotate the UCS to any degree to view the images at a

different angle.
You cannot edit an image if you use the VPOINT
command to change the drawing viewpoint to anything
other than 0,0,1.
PLOT Plot an image.
GRIP EDIT Edit an image using grip editing commands.
SCALE Scale a REM Object.
OSNAP(s) Snap to image frames and REM objects.
Exiting the Programs

When you have completed your editing session, you can exit AutoCAD and
CAD Overlay, or you can start a new editing session by opening an existing
drawing or creating a new drawing.
You can exit AutoCAD and CAD Overlay by using any of the following
methods:
■ Select File ➤ Exit.

■ Type exit or quit.
■ Click the close box in the upper-right corner of the AutoCAD window.

When you exit, you will be prompted to save your drawing and any edits you
have made to the images. Any image correlation information, such as inser-
tion point, scale, and rotation, is saved in the drawing file. Any edits you
have made to the images are saved in the image files.
NOTE Use the Image ➤ Export (iexport) command if you want to save the
correlation information to a separate file.
You have the option to save edits you made to your images, or you can dis-
card any unsaved edits by “skipping” over a specific image you edited. The
Save Image dialog box is displayed when you save or exit a drawing with
images you have edited.
You can use these options to save all edited images, skip all edited images, or
save selected images before exiting the programs.
Using AutoCAD Commands on Your Images | 31

Creating, Inserting, and
Saving Images
3
After you are familiar with the basics of CAD Overlay, In this chapter
you are ready to begin working with your images. ■ Creating new images
■ Inserting raster images into
This section describes the various methods of saving AutoCAD drawings
your image data, so that your image files are in the ■ Saving images
■ Exporting your data
correct format when they need to be used again.
33
Creating New Images
You can create a new blank image that you can use with the Image Merge and
Vector Merge commands. When you create a new image, you begin by defin-
ing an image frame. After you have created a new image, you must save it to
establish a link between the drawing and the image file.
To create a new image with CAD Overlay
Fz
s From the menu, select Image ➤ New.
¢ In the New Image dialog box, click Pick and specify two points on the screen to draw
a frame.
In the AutoCAD Properties section, enter the correlation information insertion point,
scale, and rotation.
T In the Color Type section, choose one of the following options when you create a
new image:
■ apm"d Image that contains only two colors.
■
"©4"dF Image that contains up to 256 shades of gray.
■ m=F¨F=pdp Image that contains up to 256 different colors.
■ ¤Fpdp Image that contains over 16.7 million colors. This type uses more
system resources.
Q In the Image Properties section, specify the width and height of the new image in
pixels per unit of measurement.
34 | Chapter 3 Creating, Inserting, and Saving Images

To create a new image with CAD Overlay (continued)
Fz
Enter a value to define the density of the new image.
Turn off Show This Dialog to access the command line.
G Use the default insertion point coordinates you set in the CAD Overlay Options
dialog box.
n Type amF§ to define the properties of the image that you want to create. When you
want to define the properties for more than one new image, use the New Image
configuration tab on the CAD Overlay Options dialog box.
Key Concepts: Creating a New Image

■ You can create a new image that contains binary, grayscale, indexed color,
or true color.
■ You can preview the properties of the new image before you insert it.
■ You can create a new image using the CAD Overlay Image ➤ New (inew)
command.
■ You can turn off Show This Dialog to access the command line interface.
For information about configuring CAD Overlay, use to locate

“Configure CAD Overlay” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Inserting Images
You can insert any number of raster images into an AutoCAD drawing. When
you insert an image, it is placed in a frame, and a link is created between the
drawing and the image file.
When you insert one image with the CAD Overlay Image ➤ Insert (iinsert)
command, the Insert Image dialog box is displayed. On the right side of the
dialog box, you can preview the image and information such as file type,
color depth, density, and so on. The column of folders along the left side of
the Insert Images dialog box is called the Places List. It contains shortcuts to
local folders such as your Favorites folder or My Documents folder (or Personal
folder, depending on which operating system you are using).
Inserting Images | 35
The Places List also includes a History folder which displays the folders you
have used most recently.
If you have Microsoft® Internet Explorer (version 4.71 or higher), and access
to the Internet or an Intranet, you can open image files from the Internet.
There ar several ways to access images from the Internet:
■ Click the Search the Web icon at the top of the dialog box to display the
AutoCAD Web browser, with which you can specify an Internet location
and select an image to insert.
■ Click the Buzzsaw icon in the Places List to access projects hosted on
Buzzsaw.com.
■ Click the Redspark icon in the Places List to access projects hosted on
Redspark.com.
■ Click the FTP icon to browse FTP sites and select an image to insert.
For information about inserting an image from the Internet, use to

locate “Use CAD Overlay's Internet Feature” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
When you insert an image, that image must be correlated in the drawing.
Correlation is simply a means of positioning the image using known
coordinates.

You can correlate your inserted image in three different ways during the
insertion process as shown in the following illustration.
Show Frames Only and Zoom to Image are always available and are indepen-
dent of Correlation. If you select Show Frames Only, only the image frame
will be inserted into your drawing. If you select Zoom to Image, CAD Overlay
zooms to the extents of the image after it is correlated.
You can use Quick Insert for automatic correlation during image insertion.
Quick Insert uses the highest order correlation source available to perform
the image insertion. There are no options to specify with Quick Insert; the
image is simply inserted after you click Open on the Insert Image dialog box.
You can change the default correlation information by using the Image
Defaults tab on the CAD Overlay Options dialog box.
For the new or intermediate CAD Overlay user, the Correlation Wizard is rec-
ommended. Because the Wizard goes through the correlation process step by
step, it helps you to understand the different correlation options required for
proper image insertion. The Correlation Wizard is the default Insert Option.
You can use the Correlation dialog box if you are an experienced user and
want to quickly establish correlation parameters with minimal keystrokes. If
you are unsure about the correlation options required for proper image inser-
tion, you may want to use the default, the Correlation Wizard. If you choose
to use the Correlation dialog box, any changes you make are incorporated
the next time you use the correlation feature.
If you choose the Correlation Wizard, or the Correlation dialog box, you are
prompted with three pages:
■ Pick Correlation Source

■ Modify Correlation Values
■ Insertion
If you are running with AutoCAD Map or AutoCAD Land Development

Desktop, you will also be prompted with the Transform Page.
For more information about the Transform Page, use to locate

“Transform Page” or “Overview of Correlation” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Pick Correlation Source Page
When you insert an image, CAD Overlay searches for all available correlation
files for the image and displays them in the Correlation Source list.
Depending on what type of image you are inserting and whether or not a
resource file or a world file exists for the image, you might see the following
sources listed.
■ Image File: For certain types of images, correlation data can be saved as
part of an image file. These file types include RLC, IG4, IGS, GeoTags in
GeoTIFF, or HDR File in SPOT.
■ Resource File: Can be created by the CAD Overlay Export command or
previous versions of CAD Overlay ESP. Resource files have an .res file
extension.
■ World File: Can be created by the CAD Overlay Export command for all
image formats. World files have different file extensions, depending on
file type.
■ Image Defaults: The values you set in the CAD Overlay Options dialog
box.

The information displayed on the Pick Correlation Source page reflects the
values stored in the correlation source you have chosen.
For more information about the Pick Correlation Source page, use
to locate “Pick Correlation Source Page” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Modify Correlation Values Page

You can use the Modify Correlation Values Page to specify the correlation val-
ues of insertion point, scale, and rotation for a specific insertion. Although
you start with the values read from the correlation file and then modify them
for a specific image insertion, the original correlation values stored in the file
are not modified.
NOTE If you are running CAD Overlay on AutoCAD Map or AutoCAD Land
Development Desktop, Density Units appear only if a global coordinate system
is not set.
You can modify the correlation source values by entering new values or by
pasting values from the clipboard.
For more information about the Modify Correlation Values page, use
to locate “Modify Correlation Values Page” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Insertion Page
You can use the Insertion Page to view and change the AutoCAD insertion
point, scale, and rotation after any unit conversions have been applied.
You might need to change an image’s scale by reducing or enlarging it. For
example, you may want to change a scale in reference to the zoom factor you
are using in AutoCAD.
The Insertion page is used when you want to apply a coordinate system
transformation. You may change the existing values by entering new ones or
by manually picking coordinates from the screen. You can also change the
color of the image.
For more information about the Insertion page, use to locate

“Insertion Values page” in the CAD Overlay online Help.

With the CAD Overlay Insert command, you can insert several images at the
same time. When you select more than one image to insert, the default cor-
relation information (from a resource file, world file, image file, or insertion
defaults) is used to automatically position the images. This option is very use-
ful when you have a group of images, such as tiled quadrant sheets, that have
correlation data stored with the images.
Key Concepts: Insert

■ You can insert binary, grayscale, and up to 32-bit color images.
■ You can preview an image and view its statistics before you insert it.
■ You can insert images using either the CAD Overlay Image ➤ Insert
(iinsert) command or the AutoCAD IMAGE command. However, if you
want to insert an image using a correlation source such as a resource or
world file, then you must use the CAD Overlay iinsert command.
■ If you set the AutoCAD FILEDIA variable to <0>, then you can bypass the
Insert Image dialog box when you insert an image. After you enter the
Insert command on the command line, simply type the name of the
image you want to insert.
For more information about inserting images, use to locate “Insert

Images” and “Insert an Image by Typing Filename at Command line” in the
CAD Overlay online Help.
Saving Images
There are a few methods you can use to save an image you have edited. One
method is to save your drawing file using the AutoCAD SAVE command.
With this command, you will be prompted to save the images you have
edited. Because there is a link between the drawing and the image files, the
image data is not stored in the drawing file, but in a separate file on disk.
You can also choose to save an image without saving the drawing file by
using the Image ➤ Save (isave) command. You can use this command to save
more than one image at a time.
If you want to save an image to a different name, file type, or location, then
you can use the Image ➤ Save As (isaveas) command. Using this command,
you can convert a read-only file to a file you can edit.
Saving Images | 41
Key Concepts: Saving Images
■ When you save your drawing using the AutoCAD SAVE command, the
correlation information (insertion point, rotation, scale, and image file-
name) is saved in the drawing file. Edits you have made to the images are
saved in the image files.
■ When you use AutoCAD SAVE, you are prompted to save only the image
files you have edited. You have the option of either saving each edited
image individually, or saving all of the edited images in your drawing. You
can skip over an image if you don’t want to save the changes you made.
■ If a new image has been created in your drawing—by using the inew com-
mand, the vmerge command, or a REM command, you will be prompted
to name the new image when you save the drawing.
■ If you use the AutoCAD IMAGE command to detach an image, which
erases all references to it in the drawing, CAD Overlay first checks to see if
the image has been edited. If so, you are prompted to save the image
before continuing. You can cancel the Detach command, you can save the
edits, or you can detach the image without saving the edits.
For more information about saving images, use to locate “Save

Images” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Exporting Images
When you save an AutoCAD drawing file containing a raster image, the
image correlation data is saved in the drawing file. Therefore, the next time
you open the drawing, the image is displayed with the correct insertion
point, scale, and rotation angle. This correlation data is saved only in the
drawing file, not in the image file itself.
If you want to insert the image into another drawing and use the same cor-
relation data for the image, you can manually correlate the image again, or
you can save time by creating a correlation file for the image. Then, the next
time you insert the image into a drawing, you can simply choose the corre-
lation file as the correlation source, and the image is positioned, scaled, and
rotated correctly. No additional correlation is required.
To create a correlation file to use in other drawings or programs, you can
export the image using the Image ➤ Export ➤ Image (iexport) command.
When you export an image, not only can you create a correlation file for the

image, but you can also save the image with a different name, file format, or
location.
You can also export the correlation file itself, without exporting the associ-
ated image using the Image ➤ Export ➤ World (iworldout) command. The
resulting world file retains the file name of the associated image, but the file
extension is modified to indicate that the file is a world file (for instance,
exporting a world file for the image lakshor.tif will create the file lakshor.tfw).
You can choose the type of correlation data you want to create by using the
Export Options dialog box.
For all image types, you can save the correlation data as a resource file or a
world file. For certain image types, you can also save correlation information
within the image file itself.
Key Concepts: Exporting Images

■ When you export an image, you have the option of maintaining the link
between the drawing and the newly saved image by selecting Maintain
Drawing Link to Image. If you don’t specify a different image name, file
format, or file location when you export the image, maintaining the link
has no effect. However, if you do change any of these variables, a new
image file is created. The new image file will replace the image file that
currently exists in the drawing (if the Maintain Drawing Link to Image
check box is selected).
For example, if Maintain Drawing Link to Image is selected when you
export image.tif, and you specify picture.tif as the new filename for the
exported image, picture.tif replaces image.tif in your drawing. If Maintain
Drawing Link to Image is not selected, image.tif remains in the drawing
and picture.tif is saved to the file you specified.
Exporting Images | 43
■ When you export an image and choose Resource File as the correlation
output type, a resource file with the extension .res is created for the image
in the path specified in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box. You can
create resource files for all image types.
NOTE Resource files are specific to CAD Overlay. If you want to create a
correlation file that can be used by other programs, you need to create a
world file.
■ When you export an image and choose World File as the correlation out-
put type, a world file is created for the image in the same directory where
the image is located. You can create world files for all image types.
■ You can insert a read-only image into a drawing and then save it to a read-
write format using the Export command or the Save As command. How-
ever, only the Export command saves the image correlation information.
■ When you export rotated images, CAD Overlay gives you the option to
“burn in” the rotation, which means that, although the image still
appears rotated, it is inserted into a frame with a rotation of zero.
For more information about exporting images, use to locate “Save

an Image by Exporting” in the CAD Overlay online Help.

Setting Image Properties
4
In this chapter, you will learn how to manage your In this chapter
images for maximum efficiency as you work. ■ Setting up data about each
image in your drawing
From the Image Manage dialog box, you can manage ■ Changing image properties-
layer, color, linetype, and display
image files, change their display order or their active
■ Making a color transparent
path, even export images to the internet.
■ Masking images
45
Setting Up Your Data
When you first insert an image into your drawing, you create one instance
of that image (called an insertion) in the drawing. If you place copies of the
same image in the drawing, each copy is treated as a separate insertion of the
same image. The Image Manage dialog box is divided into two tabs that allow
you to control attributes for insertions and images separately:
You can use the Insertions tab to:
■ change the display order of insertions

■ preview insertions
■ erase insertions
■ show or hide insertions
■ save or export insertions
■ zoom to insertions
You can use the Images tab to:
■ show the relationship of images and insertions in the drawing

■ rename images
■ detach images
■ unload or reload images
■ change or save the active path in the drawing
From the Image menu, select Manage.
Click the buttons Right-click on

to move selected an image name
insertions for- to display the
ward or back in shortcut menu.
the display order
list.
46 | Chapter 4 Setting Image Properties

NOTE You can click the Help button in the dialog box to see a Help topic that
describes each column of this dialog box.
To manage images with the Image Manage dialog box
Fz F pdp4"F
s Insert two images into your drawing so that one of Insert Images
the images is on top of the other image.
¢ Select Image ➤ Manage to display the Image Tips for Managing Multiple
Manage dialog box. Images
The last image you inserted is at the top of the list.
On the Insertions tab of the Image Manage dialog Change the Display Order of
box, select the second image, then use the Move the Images
Forward button to move the second listed image
name up in the list so that it is now above the other
image name.
The image is now displayed on top of the other
image instead of below it.
T From the list, select the name of one of the images, Zoom to an Image
and right-click Zoom To.
This option is helpful if you insert an image using an
insertion point that is outside your current AutoCAD
display window, or if you insert an image using a
different scale factor.
Q With the image name still selected, click Properties. Change Image Properties
In the AutoCAD Properties dialog box you can adjust
color, layer, and linetype information, and pick the
transparency color.
Key Concepts: Image Manage

■ To access the Image Manage dialog box, you can select Image ➤ Manage,
or you can type imanage.
■ If you have edited an image but not yet saved it, an asterisk (*) is displayed
next to the image name. After you save the image, the asterisk disappears.
■ If there is more than one insertion of an image in your drawing, the Image
Manage dialog box numbers the insertions. For example, if there are two
insertions of cadplot.tif in your drawing, then you would see cadplot and
cadplot:1 listed.
Setting Up Your Data | 47

■ If you edit an insertion of an image, such as cadplot:2, the naming conven-
tion changes to indicate that the image has been edited. The image is then
listed in the Image Manage dialog box as cadplot_1*.
■ The image listed first in the Image Manage dialog box is displayed on top
of all other images it overlaps. The image that is listed last is displayed
under images that overlap it. To modify this order, drag the names of the
images up or down in the list.
TIP You can also use the AutoCAD to modify the display order. From the
AutoCAD Tools menu, choose Display Order.
Because images are also AutoCAD entities, an image that you edit appears
to be placed on top of other images and vectors, even though the image
display order has not actually been changed. Use the AutoCAD REGEN
command to restore the images and vectors to their correct order.
Changing Layer, Color, Linetype, and Display

Each image in your drawing has properties you can control. You can access
all of the image and mask properties on AutoCAD’s Properties dialog box.

CAD Overlay - specific properties include:
■ Color
■ Linetype
■ Brightness
■ Contrast
■ Show image
■ Show clipped image
■ Show non-ortho
■ Transparency color
It is recommended that you use the AutoCAD Properties dialog box to

manipulate your images. This combines AutoCAD functionality with that of
CAD Overlay, providing an environment that is easy to use.
For more information on AutoCAD’s Properties dialog box, see
AutoCAD 2000i Command Reference in the AutoCAD online Help or
printed AutoCAD 2000i User’s Guide.
Key Concepts: Image Properties

■ You can select an image in the drawing, right-click, and then select
Properties to access the AutoCAD Properties dialog box.
■ Each image has its own properties. However, you can select multiple
images and set all their properties at the same time.
■ Color selects a transparency color for a grayscale or color image and turns
transparency on and off.
■ Layer moves the selected image(s) to another layer.
■ Linetype chooses a different linetype for the image frame.
■ Display controls whether the image or only the frame is displayed in the
drawing, whether to use color or display in transparency color, whether
clipped areas are displayed, or whether images rotated at an angle other
than 0, 90, 180, 270 (nonortho images) are displayed.
For more information, use to locate “Change Image Properties” in the

Changing Layer, Color, Linetype, and Display | 49

Applying Transparency Color
In binary images, the transparency color is always the background color of
the image. In color and grayscale images, you can choose which color to
make transparent. You can selectively turn on transparency. When
transparency is on, the image pixels that are drawn in the transparency
color become transparent. When transparency is off, the pixels become
solid again.
To make a color transparent
Fz F pdp4"F
s Select a color or grayscale image, right-click and Select an Image

select Properties to access the AutoCAD Properties
dialog box.
¢ On the Category tab, click Transparency and choose

Yes.
To choose a color to make transparent, select a color Change the Transparent

image, right-click and select Properties to access the Color
AutoCAD Properties dialog box.
T On the Category tab, select Transparency Color and

click to display the Transparency Color dialog
box.
Q Click Select< to choose a transparency color.

Now you can see through pixels drawn in the
transparency color.

Transparency on Transparency off
When transparency for the parcel When transparency for the
map is enabled, you can see the parcel map is disabled, you
underlying aerial photograph. cannot see the underlying aerial
photograph.
Fa"dz^ppV"z^¤m=F"z"4Fdh"z
You can make only one color in each image transparent. The transparency
color has three uses:
■ You can make all pixels of a specified color transparent. For example, if
you specify black as the transparency color for an image, then you can
make each black pixel in the image transparent.
■ Any time you use Rub or Crop, the rubbed or cropped areas are displayed
in the transparency color. For example, if you choose blue as the transpar-
ency color, all rubs are displayed in blue. If you turn on transparency for
that image, the rubbed areas become transparent. For more information,
see “Rubbing and Cropping” on page 66.
■ When you merge two images together, any blank space is filled with the
transparency color of the destination image. For more information, see
“Merging Images” on page 68.
Key Concepts: Transparency Color

■ You can make one color in each grayscale and color image transparent by
selecting a transparency color for the image. To make the color transpar-
ent, select Yes to Transparency in the AutoCAD Properties dialog box. To
turn off transparency, select No to Transparency.
■ For binary images, you can turn transparency on or off, which means that
the background area on a binary image will be either transparent or solid.
You cannot choose a transparency color for a binary image. The
transparency color is always the background color. By default, binary
Applying Transparency Color | 51

images are always inserted with transparency on so that the background
is transparent.
■ The image pixels are not erased or permanently modified when you make
a color transparent. You can restore the original pixel color by selecting No
to Transparency in the AutoCAD Properties dialog box.
Masking Images
To display and plot a subset of the images in your drawing, you can use an
image mask. An image mask hides, moves, or does not affect the images that
are completely outside the mask boundary. The mask boundary is an
AutoCAD object that you can move, stretch, scale, and erase like any other
AutoCAD object.
You can control how the mask affects the images outside the image mask by
using the New Image Mask dialog box.
You can mask images using a rectangular or polygonal boundary. For

example, in the following illustration, the polygonal mask was created with
the Hide Image(s) option.

The third illustration shows what happens when you select the Show Image
Frame(s) option.
Tiled quad sheets, with Polygonal mask Polygonal mask with image
image frames visible frames visible
OOF4pOzpd©Vpm"dh"cpm"Vp¤zpOadF=¤"=^FF
A mask is similar to an image clip that you can create with the AutoCAD
IMAGECLIP command, but a CAD Overlay mask is more global than a clip
because it affects all the images in your drawing instead of only one image.
Like a clip, a mask does not permanently modify the images. You can turn
off the mask to redisplay all the images. You can also convert the mask to
individual image clips. Converting a mask to image clips converts the global
mask to clips on each image.
For more information about masking images, use to locate

“Masking Images” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Masking Images | 53
Image Editing
5
When you edit images with CAD Overlay, you work In this chapter
seamlessly with AutoCAD. You can edit, convert, ■ Correlating your images
with the AutoCAD
manipulate, and save images in formats compatible coordinate system
with your application, and you can share your images ■ Rubbersheeting
■ Enhancing images using the
with others you work with.
Histogram editing filter
■ Managing grayscale and color
■ Removing speckles from
bitonal images
■ Smoothing detail in
grayscale images
■ Altering images permanently by
removing selected areas
■ Merging multiple images into a
single image
55
Correlating Images
Correlating refers to the process of positioning an image within the AutoCAD
coordinate system so that its scale, rotation, density, and coordinates match
AutoCAD units and coordinates. When you insert an image, you can specify
units, position, scale, and rotation for the image. After you insert the image,
you can fine tune the correlation by matching the image with AutoCAD
vectors or by correcting distortions in the image that were caused by poor
scanning or lens distortion.
CAD Overlay has several commands you can use to correlate images after
they are inserted. These commands are located in the Image ➤ Correlate
menu. The correlation commands include the following:
■ Match (imatch) for matching the position, scale, and rotation of an

image to another image or to a vector
■ Scale (iscale) and Displace (idisplace), for rotating, scaling, and moving
images
■ Rubbersheet (irsheet) for correcting distortions (see the following
section, “Rubbersheeting an Image”)
One way to correlate an image is to use an existing correlation source. To do

this, you can select the correlation source when you insert the image. The
Insert command opens the Correlation Wizard. The Correlation Wizard
searches for any correlation files that might exist, and lists the available files
on the Pick Correlation Source Page so you can choose one.
Correlation sources that CAD Overlay can use are resource files, world files,
and image files containing stored correlation information.
For more information about inserting images with the Correlation Wizard or
the Correlation dialog box, see Chapter 3, “Creating, Inserting, and Saving
Images” on page 33.
Rubbersheeting an Image After Correlation

Image distortions can sometimes prevent you from aligning an image in your
drawing. You can use Rubbersheet command to:
■ Fix distortions in aerial photography caused by aircraft tilt and camera

distortion
■ Save money on orthophotography when absolute accuracy is not required
56 | Chapter 5 Image Editing

■ Permanently correct most of the distortions in an image resulting from
parallax, unevenness of terrain, or lens distortion
Rubbersheeting works by transforming an image so that points you specify

in the image match corresponding points in the drawing as closely as
possible. These matched points, consisting of a “source” point in the image,
and a “destination” point in the drawing, are known collectively as “control
points.” Once these control points are established, the image is stretched so
that the points align as closely as possible.
However, rubbersheeting does not always result in perfectly matched control
points. The resulting error is expressed as a numerical value in the Rubber-
sheet dialog box and is displayed graphically on the image after the control
points have been entered. By adjusting the Polynomial Degree, you can
reduce the error and increase the accuracy of the matching points. However,
this reduced error can create a higher degree of warping as the image is trans-
formed to match the control points. Therefore, you should use the lowest
possible polynomial degree that still gives you acceptable results. Higher
polynomial degrees result in smaller errors at the control points, but also
result in more warping in places where there are no control points.
TIP Rubbersheeting is best suited for making minor transformations to an

image. For best results, start with a comprehensive and accurate network of sur-
vey control points, then use match and scale before rubbersheeting to get the
image as close to the desired results as possible. You should have a good spread
of control points over the entire image. In areas without control points, you can
specify anchor points.
The following table lists the maximum polynomial degrees possible for
ranges of control points. For example, if you select twelve control points, the
maximum polynomial degree you can select is three.
Number of Maximum polynomial

control points degrees
3-5 1
6-9 2
10-14 3
15-20 4
21-27 5
Correlating Images | 57
For best results, you should always have six or more control points. However,
if you have fewer than six control points the maximum polynomial degree
is one; therefore, you cannot specify a different polynomial degree. For six or
more control points, you can choose the polynomial degree that you would
like to use. CAD Overlay does not limit the number of control points you can
use.
NOTE If you are using AutoCAD Land Development Desktop, you can substi-
tute COGO points by typing,
, or when CAD Overlay prompts you to
enter destination points. For more information see, “Snapping to COGO Points”
in Online Help.
You can access the rubbersheet command by selecting

Image ➤ Correlate ➤ Rubbersheet.
In the Rubbersheet dialog box, add control points to your image or Import a
control point file to apply to your image. After your points are added to your
image, click Export to save your control point set.

Key Concepts: Correlating Images
■ You can correlate an image when you are inserting it or after it has been
inserted into the drawing.
■ You can use the AutoCAD Properties dialog box to modify the insertion
data, scale, and rotation of an image.
■ If you want to rotate, move, or scale the image, use the iscale or idisplace
commands. These commands allow you to rotate, scale, or move an image
based on reference points you select from the raster image.
■ You can also use AutoCAD commands like MOVE, SCALE, and ROTATE to
correlate an image.
■ After you correlate an image, you can save the correlation information by
exporting the image. When you export an image, you can create a
resource file, a world file, or both, which you or others can use to correlate
the image in another drawing or another software program. For more
information about exporting, see “Exporting Images” on page 42.
For more information, use to locate “Correlate an Image After

Insertion,” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Enhancing and Converting Grayscale and

Color Images
The CAD Overlay Histogram filter is a multi purpose editing filter you can use
to permanently change the appearance of grayscale and color images. A histo-
gram is a bar graph that represents the number of pixels per pixel shade in a
selected image or images. Dark pixels are shown on the left, grays or mid-tones
are in the middle, and lighter shades are on the right. The number of pixels per
pixel shade is represented by the height of the corresponding bar.
Enhancing and Converting Grayscale and Color Images | 59

When you run the Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Histogram (ihistogram)
command on an image, a histogram is created for that image in the
Histogram dialog box, as shown in the following illustration.
The Histogram dialog box has several options you can use to modify the
image histogram. For example, you can
■ Adjust the brightness and contrast of one or more images using the
Brightness/Contrast tab.
■ Maximize the image detail using the Equalize tab.
■ Convert grayscale and color images to binary images using the
Threshold tab.
■ Convert color images to grayscale using the Color to Grayscale tab.
The AutoCAD IMAGEADJUST command makes display-only adjustments,

but the edits you make to an image using the Histogram command are per-
manent. Therefore, if you edit the image using the Histogram command,
save the image, and then insert the image into another drawing, the changes
you made with the Histogram command will be respected.
You can limit the effect of brightness, contrast, or equalizing changes to a
portion of the image called a sub-region. You can define a sub-region using
one of four methods:
■ Use an existing closed vector entity to define the region.

■ Use an existing image clip.

■ Define a rectangular sub-region by clicking two-points.
■ Define a polygonal sub-region by clicking several points.
For indexed color images (8-bit), histogram changes may effect the image
outside of the sub-region depending on which sub-region option you select:
■ Retain current palette applies your changes to the sub-region by mapping

to the closest colors from the current palette. This option maintains the
current palette and will not affect pixels outside the selected region.
■ Rebuild palette with all colors creates a new palette to best accommodate
all colors in the entire image. Because this image changes the palette, pix-
els inside and outside the sub-region may be affected by this option.
■ Rebuild palette with new colors also creates a new palette, but this option
guarantees that colors in the sub-region are included in the palette by giv-
ing preference to those pixels over pixels outside the sub-region. Because
this image changes the palette, pixels outside the sub-region may be
affected by this option.
To adjust the brightness and contrast of an image
Fz F pdp4"F
s Select an image you want to adjust. Select an Image

You can adjust only grayscale and color images using
the histogram.
¢ Select Image ➤ Image Processing ➤ Histogram to Adjust the Brightness and

create the histogram for the image(s) that you Contrast of an Image
selected.
Type and press ENTER, then enter two points to

define a rectangular sub-region.
The histogram is displayed in the Histogram dialog
box.
T Click the Brightness/Contrast tab, and view the

selected image in the Preview area.
Q Use the Contrast and Brightness sliders to adjust

lightness and darkness until the image preview
appears the way that you want it to.
You can use the Brightness slider to lighten or darken
an image. You can use the Contrast slider to bring out
detail or to emphasize different colors.
Select the Sub-Region option from the Apply

Changes To section.
Enhancing and Converting Grayscale and Color Images | 61

To adjust the brightness and contrast of an image (continued)
Fz F pdp4"F
If the image is an 8-bit color image, select Rebuild

palette with new colors from the Sub-Region Options
drop-down list.
This option creates a new palette, but guarantees
that colors in the sub-region are included in the
palette. Because this image changes the palette,
pixels outside the sub-region may be affected by this
option.
G Click Close to exit the dialog box.
Key Concepts: Enhancing Grayscale and Color Images

■ Because binary images only have two colors, you cannot view a histogram
of a binary image.
■ The histogram adjustments affect all images that are currently selected,
not just the image displayed in the preview. You can preview how the
histogram adjustments will affect an image in the selection set by clicking
its name in the list of images.
■ For color images, you can modify all channels (Red, Green, and Blue)
together or separately.
■ For indexed color images (8-bit), histogram changes may effect the image
outside of the sub-region depending on which sub-region option you
select.
■ If you have made any changes to the display of your image using the
AutoCAD IMAGEADJUST command, then the image that is saved to disk
is displayed in the Histogram Preview area. If you make changes to the
image with the ihistogram command, then the IMAGEADJUST controls
are reset.
Enhancing Images Using Image Processing

and Cleanup Commands
In addition to the Histogram filter, CAD Overlay has several other image edit-
ing commands in the Image ➤ Image Processing and Image ➤ Cleanup
menus that you can use to permanently edit your images.

You can use the Color Depth command to convert images to different color
depths. If you are working with a bitonal image, you can use Bitonal Filters
to edit your raster drawing. These filters can be used in conjunction with
cleanup commands, such as Despeckle and Deskew.
There are several filter types to choose from:
■ Smooth removes unnecessary pixels from the edges of raster objects and
fills holes in raster lines, and removes speckles from the raster image.
■ Thin trims raster objects by one pixel per pass in the directions you
specify.
■ Thicken widens the edges of raster objects by one pixel per pass in the
directions you specify.
■ Separate works when raster lines are partially merged, converting them
into two distinct lines.
Enhancing Images Using Image Processing and Cleanup Commands | 63

■ Skeletonize thins all raster data to one pixel in thickness. After you thin
your raster data to a one pixel width, you can run the Thicken filter to
achieve a uniform width.
To remove speckles from an image
Fz F pdp4"F
s Insert into your drawing a binary raster image that Insert Images
has speckles you want to remove.
¢ Select the image. Select an Image
Select Image ➤ Cleanup ➤ Despeckle to display the Remove Speckles from an

Despeckle dialog box. Image
T Type and press ENTER, then enter two points to

define a rectangular sub-region.
Q Click Pick, and select two points to draw a window

around the speckle size to be removed.
Draw this window as closely as possible around the
largest pixel that you want to remove.
To see the speckle better, type «pph.
When the Despeckle dialog box is redisplayed, click

OK to despeckle the drawing.
G If too many pixels are removed, type and try

the command again, using a smaller speckle size.
Key Concepts: Image Processing and Cleanup Commands

■ You can invert binary, grayscale, and color images using the Invert
command (iinvert), making the light areas dark and dark areas light.
■ You can use the Despeckle command (idespeckle) to remove speckles
from a binary image.

■ You can use the Color Depth command (idepth) to convert a color image
to grayscale or make other color depth conversions.
■ You can use the Convolve command (iconvolve) to smooth a grayscale
image or sharpen its edges, among other effects. For example, you can use
an edge filter to emphasize a detail such as a fence line.
■ You can mirror images using the Mirror command (imirror).
Selecting Images
To select an image, you can either select its frame, or press SHIFT while click-
ing within the image. You can select more than one image at a time using
either selection method.
Image selection methods
"hFFdF4apmF^p= FO_da4cF^p=
How to select an Click the frame. Press SHIFT while clicking the image(s)
image with the left button of your mouse.
Use an AutoCAD
crossing window to
select the frame edge.
What happens AutoCAD grips are If you click more than one image, the
displayed at the corners Image Select dialog box is displayed
of the image frame. so you can select the images you
want to edit.
AutoCAD grips are displayed at the

corners of the selected image frame.
Advantages You can select an image You can select an image when image
using this method frames are turned off or when you
before or after selecting have zoomed in so you cannot see
a command. the image frame.
Disadvantages The frame must be You must use this method before
visible in the drawing. selecting a command.
Key Concepts: Selecting Images

■ If your pointer is positioned over more than one image when you press
SHIFT and click the image, the Image Select dialog box is displayed. The
images that you have selected are highlighted. You can use this dialog box
Selecting Images | 65
to clear the selection set, to change the selection set by adding or remov-
ing images, or to select all images that are inserted in the drawing.
■ By default, SHIFT + Left-Click Image Select on the Settings Tab of the
Options dialog box is selected. This check box must be selected if you
want to select images using the SHIFT + left-click method.
For more information, use to locate “Select an Image” and “Image

Frame” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Rubbing and Cropping

You can use the Rub and Crop commands to remove selected areas of binary,
grayscale, and color images. Rubs and crops permanently alter an image.
■ A Rub changes the removed pixels to the current transparency color that
is set for the image. The rubbed areas become transparent if transparency
is enabled for the image.
■ A Crop deletes pixel data outside the selected boundary area. If a crop
boundary is not rectangular, for instance when you use the Crop Circular
Region command, the area between the crop boundary and the image
frame is filled with the transparency color.
Rub and crop boundaries can be many different shapes: circles, rectangles,
lines, arcs, and polygons. The boundaries can encompass more than one
image at a time. In the right-most illustration, the size of the image frame is
automatically adjusted when you crop an image.
aVam"dOdppzd"mah"VF F"¤**F=OphOdppzd"m pzzF=Odppzd"m

To rub a color or grayscale image
Fz F pdp4"F
s On a selected color or grayscale image, right-click to Change the Color That is

display the shortcut menu, and then select Image Transparent in the Image
Properties.
¢ Click the Display tab and click Select< to choose a

transparency color.
You can select the Enable Transparency check box to

enable transparency, or you can clear this check box
to disable transparency.
If transparency is disabled, the rubbed area is
displayed in the transparency color. If transparency is
enabled, the rubbed area will be transparent.
T Click OK to exit the dialog box.
Q Select Image ➤ Remove ➤ Rectangular Region. Remove Raster Data
On the image, choose a rectangular rub boundary.

All pixels inside the rub boundary are changed to the
transparency color.
To rub a binary image
Fz F pdp4"F
s Insert a binary image with lines in it into your Insert Images

drawing.
A good sample image to use is fm.rlc that is in the
co 2000i\sample folder.
¢ Type on the command line. Set the Rub/Crop Line Width
To define the rub/crop line width, pick two points,
one on each side of the line you want to rub.
This step is necessary only if you are rubbing lines,
polylines, arcs, or donuts or if you are cropping a line.
You can also set the rub/crop line width from the
Settings tab of the CAD Overlay Options dialog box.
To rub binary raster entities, you can use raster snaps
to accurately select the raster to be rubbed. Raster
snaps work only with the active binary image.
Select Image ➤ Snap and select the End check box to Specify Raster Snap Settings
pick the endpoints of the raster line you want to rub.
Rubbing and Cropping | 67

To rub a binary image (continued)
Fz F pdp4"F
T When the crosshairs snap to the point you want to Rub a Raster Line
select, click your mouse.
Q Pick a point on the other end of the line to rub the

line.
Key Concepts: Rubbing and Cropping

■ When two images are on top of each other and you rub or crop the visible
image, both images are modified. You can lock the layer an image frame
is on to prevent the image from being modified.
■ Rubs and crops do not affect vectors in the rub or crop area. The com-
mands affect only raster data.
■ Rubs create either transparent or solid regions, depending on whether you
select the Enable Transparency check box in the AutoCAD Properties
dialog box.
■ When you crop an image using a polygonal or circular crop, all raster data
between the image frame and the selected crop boundary is changed to
the transparency color.
■ A crop affects only the images you touch with the crop boundary. No
images outside of this boundary are affected.
■ You can use the AUTORUB command to set the rub/crop line width.
Merging Images
You can use the Merge Images (iimerge) command to merge two or more
images into one image. Merging images can reduce the number of images
you must archive with your project files.
To merge images, select the destination image that you want to merge the
source images into. CAD Overlay merges your source images into a single
destination image. The properties of your destination image, such as dots per
inch (dpi) and color depth, do not change as a result of the merge.
For example, if the source image has a value of 200 dpi, and your destination
image has the value of 400 dpi, the destination image retains the value of
400 dpi after you have performed a merge.

The destination image is expanded to encompass your source images. The
background is filled with the transparency color. You can change the trans-
parency color of your image. For more information about changing the
transparency color, see Chapter 4, “Setting Image Properties” on page 45.
The following illustration portrays two merged images in AutoCAD’s
Layout1.
Notice that any

drawing space, not
encompassed by
the merged image,
is filled in with the
transparency color.
To merge raster images
Fz F pdp4"F
s Select Image ➤ Merge ➤ Merge Images. Merge Images
¢ Select your source images.
Select your destination image.

You are prompted whether to remove the source
images after the merge.
Merging Images | 69
To merge raster images (continued)
Fz F pdp4"F
T Type F to remove the source images. Type p to

keep the source images in the drawing.
Q Click Yes to start the merge process.
Select Image ➤ Write ➤ Save As to save the new Save an Image to Another
merged image. File Name, Type, or Location
Key Concepts: Merging Images

■ You can merge images with different rotation angles.
■ You can merge images of different types (binary, grayscale, or color).
■ Merging respects image clips and display order.

Working with Raster
Data
6
With the new CAD Overlay raster editing tools, you can In this chapter
use standard AutoCAD commands and create raster ■ Editing raster images using REM
■ Creating REM Objects
entity manipulation (REM) regions from existing vector
■ Merging vector images
geometry. You can enhance bitonal regions and preview
■ Snapping to binary
and refine images before editing. The new raster snaps raster entities
improve your productivity, by allowing you to work
with multiple images using any command.
71
Editing Raster Using REM
You can use raster entity manipulation (REM) to edit binary, color, and gray-
scale raster data. Unlike commands such as Mirror, Histogram, and Invert,
which operate on a whole image, REM can be used to edit small sections of
an image. For example, you can adjust the radius of a raster circle, remove
some dimension lines from a mechanical drawing, or copy electrical symbols
from one image to another.
With REM, you can create different types of REM objects by selecting raster.
These custom objects have replaced the REM selection set of earlier
CAD Overlay releases.
REM Objects allow you to treat raster like vector. You can use AutoCAD com-
mands, including MOVE, SCALE, COPY, and ROTATE, to operate on the REM
objects you create.
You can edit raster images using the same commands, concepts, and opera-
tions you would use to edit vector.
Use REM to:
■ Manipulate existing raster to make simple changes

■ Erase a portion of a drawing
■ Move or clip a detail
■ Change the location of something, such as a lot line
■ Store raster-only drawings (rather than hybrid)
REM Objects
There are three types of REM objects: Region Objects, Enhanced Bitonal
Region Objects, and Primitive Objects. You can use each of the three types of
REM Objects differently as you edit your raster data. You must decide which
type of object best suits your editing needs.
After you define a REM object, you can use AutoCAD commands and REM
commands to modify the object.
72 | Chapter 6 Working with Raster Data

The following illustrations show the raster selected to define each REM object
and the resulting REM object.
Region Object
This rectangular region object includes all the pixels within the rectangle: the
circle, the portions of the intersecting lines, and the leader line.
F4"mV¤d"FVapmFdF4F= FVapmp*bF4=FOamF=Oph^FFdF4apm
Enhanced Bitonal Region Object

This is an example of an enhanced bitonal region object that was defined
using the Smart Crossing Window selection method. This method selects the
raster entities within or touching the crossing window: the circle, all the
intersecting lines, and the angled leader line.
FVapmFdF4F=¤amV^Fh" m^"m4F=*apm"dFVapmp*bF4
pamVam=p§FdF4apmhF^p= =FOamF=Oph^FFdF4apm
REM Objects | 73
Primitive Object
This is an example of circle primitive object defined using the Smart selection
method for selecting primitive objects. CAD Overlay detects that the selected
raster entity is a circle and defines the entity as a circle primitive object.
ma©FdF4F=¤amVh"FdF4apm ahaa¦Fp*bF4=FOamF=Oph^F
FdF4apm
Types of REM objects
p*bF4 F4azapm h"VF©zF|}
Region object Contains all pixels within the region Bitonal, grayscale,
geometry (for example, all pixels within a color
polygonal region).
Enhanced Contains complete raster entities within the Bitonal

bitonal region region, determined by the selection
object method:
■ pmmF4F=hF^p=9 The raster entities
selected are a collection of connected
pixels.
■ h"hF^p=9 The raster entities
selected are the pixels that comprise a
raster line, circle, or arc.
Primitive object Contains a single raster line, arc, or circle. Bitonal
Region Objects
You can use a region to select all of the image pixels within the given
geometry. Regions operate on all image types—bitonal, grayscale, and color.
You can define a rectangular, polygonal, diagonal, or circular region. On

grayscale and color images, regions are hatched so that the object is distin-
guished from the raster image. A hatch is not necessary for an enhanced
bitonal region object because the raster is already highlighted.
After you have defined a REM region object, you can use AutoCAD
commands to modify it; see “Using REM Objects to Edit Raster Images” on
page 84 in this chapter. After you have completed your changes to the region,
you must merge your REM Object back into your original raster image or cre-
ate a new image; see “Merging REM Objects into Existing Images” on page 86
and “Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image” on page 86 in this
chapter.
For example, you might want to select a housing development within an
aerial photo as a region object. You can then use the region object as a base
for your street drawing.
REM region objects
©zFpOFVapm F pdp4"F
Rectangular region Define a REM Rectangular Region
Polygonal region Define a REM Polygonal Region
Diagonal region Define a REM Diagonal Region
Circular region Define a REM Circular Region
From existing vector Define a Region From Existing Vector
Each vertex of a polygonal, rectangular, or diagonal REM region object has a

grip. If you move a grip, the entire object moves. Stretching the grip scales
the object.
REM Objects | 75
There are five grips for each circular region object. There is one grip at the
center of the circle, and four on the circumference of the circle. If you move
any of the grips, the entire circle moves.
Enhanced Bitonal Regions

You can use an enhanced bitonal region to create a REM object that contains
all the pixels within your selection area.
After you have defined your Enhanced Bitonal Region Object, you can use
AutoCAD commands to modify it; see “Using REM Objects to Edit Raster
Images” on page 84. After you have completed your changes to the region,
you must merge your REM Object back into your original raster image or
create a new image; see “Merging REM Objects into Existing Images” on page
86 and “Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image” on page 86.
There are several options you can use to define enhanced bitonal region
objects from raster entities in bitonal images:
■ Windows and crossing windows

■ Polygons and crossing polygons
■ Fences
■ Connected entities
You can also choose whether the object includes all the connected pixels
within the enhanced bitonal region (referred to as the Connected method)
or only the pixels that define a line, a circle, or an arc (referred to as the Smart
method).
After you define the enhanced bitonal region object, you can modify the
object using AutoCAD commands and REM commands.
NOTE You can use enhanced bitonal regions on bitonal images only.

Selection Options for Enhanced Bitonal
Region Objects
You can use one of two different selection options to define an enhanced
bitonal region. Both selection methods are modeled after AutoCAD’s SELECT
command, but the behavior of the selection method depends on whether
you choose the Connected option or the Smart option.
The following examples show the options you can use to define enhanced
bitonal region objects using the Smart and Connected options. In these
examples, the gray lines show the region that is selected, and the light gray
areas show the resulting enhanced bitonal region object.
These illustrations are also available in color in the online Help.
For more information, use to locate “REM Enhanced Bitonal Region

Illustration” in the CAD Overlay online Help.”
Enhanced bitonal region objects
h"FdF4apmF pmmF4F=FdF4apmF
h"am=p§ pmmF4F=am=p§
A Smart Window selects the raster A Connected Window selects the raster
entities that are entirely within the entities that are entirely within the
window. Entities that extend outside window and that are not connected to
the window are not included in the entities extending outside the window.
selection. In this example, the leader In this example, the text is selected. The
lines and text are selected. The leader lines are not selected because
dimension lines extend outside the they are connected to the dimension
window and are not included. lines, which extend outside the window.
REM Objects | 77
Enhanced bitonal region objects (continued)
h"pamVam=p§ pmmF4F=pamVam=p§
A Smart Crossing Window selects the A Connected Crossing Window selects

raster entities that are within the the raster entities that are within the
window and that touch the window. window, that touch the window, and
In this example, the leader lines, the that are connected to entities that touch
text, and the dimension lines are the window. In this example, all entities
selected. except the text in the upper right are
selected. This text is not connected to
any entities.
h"pd©Vpm pmmF4F=pd©Vpm
A Smart Window Polygon selects the A Connected Window Polygon selects

raster entities that are entirely within the raster entities that are within the
the polygon. Entities that extend polygon and that are not connected to
outside the polygon are not included entities that extend outside the polygon.
in the selection. In this example, the In this example, the text is selected. The
leader lines and text are selected. The leader lines are not selected because
dimension lines and the circle extend they are connected to the dimension
outside the polygon and are not lines, which extend outside the polygon.
included. The circle also extends outside the
polygon.

h"pd©Vpm pmmF4F=pd©Vpm
A Smart Crossing Polygon selects the A Connected Crossing Polygon selects

raster entities that are within the the raster entities that are within the
polygon and that touch the polygon. polygon, that touch the polygon, and
In this example, the leader lines, the that are connected to entities that touch
text, the dimension lines, and the the polygon. In this example, all entities
circle are included in the selection. except the text in the upper right are
selected. This text is not connected to
any entities.
h" Fm4F pmmF4F= Fm4F
A Smart Fence selects the raster A Connected Fence selects the raster
entities that touch the fence. In this entities that touch the fence and that are
example, the leader lines and the connected to entities that touch the
dimension lines are included in the fence. In this example, all entities except
selection. The text, which is enclosed the two areas of text are selected. The
by the fence but does not touch the text does not touch the fence and is not
fence, is not included. connected to any entities.
REM Objects | 79
pmmF4F=ma©
A Connected Entity selects a raster entity

and any entities that are connected to
the entity. In this example, all entities
except the two areas of text are selected.
This text is not connected to any entities.
The crosshairs show the single point
used to select the connected entities.
Connected Option
If you use the Connected option to create a REM object, a raster object is
defined from a collection of all the image pixels that are all connected. That
is, for a given pixel in the raster object, you can get to any other pixel by fol-
lowing ON pixels. This option is the same as the flood fill option found in
many image editing programs.

Connected option
FdF4apmhF^p= F pdp4"F
window Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region Using a

Connected Window
crossing window Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region Using a Connected

Crossing Window
window polygon Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region Using a Connected

Window Polygon
crossing polygon Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region Using a Connected

Crossing Polygon
fence Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region Using a

Connected Fence
entity Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region Using a

Connected Entity
Smart Option
If you use the Smart option to create a REM object, a raster object is defined
from the pixels that make up a raster line, circle, or arc.
REM Objects | 81
Smart option
FdF4apmhF^p= F pdp4"F
window Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region using a Smart Window
crossing window Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region using a Smart

Crossing Window
window polygon Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region using a Smart

Window Polygon
crossing polygon Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region using a Smart

Crossing Polygon
fence Define a REM Enhanced Bitonal Region using a Smart Fence
NOTE The entity selection method is not available using the Smart option.
You can create a REM primitive object instead.
There are four grips on a REM enhanced bitonal region object, one at each
vertex. If you move a grip, the entire object moves.
Primitive Objects
You can use primitive regions on bitonal images. A primitive object is made
up of a single raster line, circle, or arc. Primitives are more intelligent than
regions and enhanced bitonal regions because their dimensions can be
changed.
For example, you can change the diameter of a circle and still maintain its
original width. You can also use grip stretch commands or AutoCAD's
Properties dialog box to change the dimensions of your primitive object.

You can define three types of REM primitive objects from raster entities in
bitonal images:
■ Line
■ Arc
■ Circle
You can also use Smart Pick to define a primitive object. CAD Overlay auto-
matically detects the geometry of the selected raster entity and defines the
entity as a primitive line, arc, or circle.
The following illustrations show selections made using Smart Pick.
amF a4dF 4
After you have defined your Primitive Object, you can use AutoCAD com-
mands and REM commands to modify it; see “Using REM Objects to Edit Ras-
ter Images” on page 84. After you have completed your changes to the object,
you must merge it back into your original raster image or create a new image
from the REM objects; see “Merging REM Objects into Existing Images” on
page 86 and “Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image” on page 86.
REM Objects | 83
Using REM Objects to Edit Raster Images
You can use custom REM region objects, enhanced bitonal region objects,
and Primitive Objects to edit raster data.
There are several ways to work with REM objects. You can use AutoCAD
commands, the REM edit mode menu, the REM toolbar, the REM flyout from
the Image menu, and the REM command line interface. See Appendix B,
“Command Summary.”
The following AutoCAD commands can operate on REM objects:
■ MOVE
■ GRIP STRETCH
■ ROTATE
■ SCALE
■ COPY
■ MIRROR
■ ERASE
■ UNDO
■ MODIFY
NOTE AutoCAD commands that cannot be used on REM objects are TRIM,
EXTEND, and EXPLODE.
When you run an AutoCAD command that causes a REM object to become
out of sync with the original image, CAD Overlay erases the corresponding
raster data from the source image. For example, you can define a REM object
and then perform the AutoCAD MOVE command. Once the object has been
moved, REM deletes the object from the original image. If you want to imme-
diately delete a REM object after defining it, use the AutoCAD ERASE com-
mand. See AutoCAD 2000i online Help for detailed instructions for using
AutoCAD commands.
Edit Mode Menu

The Edit Mode menu is a shortcut menu that appears when you select one or
more REM objects and right-click. The majority of the commands on this
menu are AutoCAD commands. To access REM specific commands, choose
the REM flyout menu options.

You can use the Edit Mode menu to refine the selection used to create a REM
region or primitive, remove subcomponents of the object, toggle transpar-
ency, or merge the object into a raster image.
If you select multiple REM objects, you can use only those options that are
valid for all of the selected objects. For example, if you select three REM
objects and only two of them are in Refine Mode, you cannot use Refine
Mode.
For more information, use to locate “Overview of REM Refine

Mode,” and “Use REM Refine Mode” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
You can do the following by using the REM Edit Mode menu:
■ Convert a REM object into a new raster image

■ Change the transparency
■ Refine the object (REM region and primitive objects only)
■ Remove subsections of the object
■ Smooth the object
Using REM Objects to Edit Raster Images | 85

NOTE These options are also available on the REM toolbar and on the REM fly-
out on the Image menu.
You can use the Merge to Raster command on your modified REM object.
This command takes the raster data that was part of the REM object and
makes it a part of the original raster image.
Merging REM Objects into Existing Images

You can merge your REM objects into an existing image by selecting
Image ➤ REM ➤ Merge To Raster Image. REM merges all selected REM objects
into the image they are currently over. If your REM object is not over (or
under) an image, a warning message is displayed, stating that the REM object
cannot be merged. If your REM object is partly touching the image, the image
expands to accommodate the REM object. If your REM object is below the
image and you try to merge it, it merges into the image above it. Unlike
Vector Merge, display order is not respected.
If you have multiple images open, then a message prompts you to select the
image you want to merge the REM objects into. For example, your REM
object may be over two images or span across two adjacent images.
Converting REM Objects to a New Raster Image

You can convert your selected REM objects to a new raster image by selecting
Image ➤ REM ➤ Convert To Raster Image. When you convert your REM
objects to a new raster image, you create a new image containing your REM
objects. If you have REM objects in the PICKFIRST set, REM respects
AutoCAD’s PICKFIRST Variable. If you do not have REM objects in the
PICKFIRST set, CAD Overlay prompts you to select REM objects. If you select
more than one REM object, CAD Overlay merges the selected REM objects
into one raster image; it does not create different raster images for each REM
object selected.
If your raster image was created from a REM polygonal, circular, or diagonal
region, the image is clipped to match the geometry of the REM object. All
data outside the clip, but within the boundary of the image, is set to the
transparency color.

Merging Vector
You can use the Vector Merge (ivmerge) command to merge vectors into an
existing or new raster image. Vector Merge allows you to make precise
changes to your raster image using AutoCAD commands, while keeping your
data in a raster format.
To merge vectors
Fz F pdp4"F
s Select Image ➤ Merge ➤ Merge Vector to display the Merging Vectors into a
Select objects prompt at the command line Raster Image
or
Type ivmerge.
¢ If there is more than one image in the drawing, select

the vectors and image you want to merge.
If the Prompt to Delete Vector check box is selected
on the Vector Merge Default tab, then you will be
prompted to delete the vectors.
Press ENTER to start the vector merge operation.
When you perform Vector Merge, you can select Raster Pen widths for the
merge by specifying pen thickness in the Raster Pen Settings dialog box.
Merging Vector | 87
Raster pens thicken vector entities when you merge them into the image.
Thicknesses are assigned according to the specified entity color.
To select raster pen widths for vector merge
Fz F pdp4"F
s Select Image Merge ➤ Raster Pens to display the Raster Select Pen Widths for
Pen Settings dialog box Vector Merge
or
Type zFm.
Type _zFmto access the command line
interface.
¢ From the Color Index list, select the color(s) whose

width you want to modify.
Do one of the following to choose your pen width:

■ Type your desired width in the Pen Width edit box.
■ Select Pick< and define the width from your
AutoCAD screen.
The chosen width is displayed in the Pen Width edit box.
If you want this width to apply to all of the raster pens,
select Use Fixed Width.
T Click OK to close the dialog box and apply the raster

pen settings.
Snapping to Binary Raster Entities

Raster snap modes make it easy to select exact positions on binary raster enti-
ties. Raster snap modes work like AutoCAD Object Snap modes, except that
they snap to raster entities instead of to vector objects.
Raster snaps are useful when you want to:
■ Trace a raster entity with VTools commands

■ Select a raster entity to rub or crop
■ Select a raster entity to edit with raster entity manipulation (REM)
commands
NOTE Raster snapping works only with bitonal images.

You can use Raster Snap to snap your AutoCAD cursor to the center, end, cor-
ner, intersection, or edge of a bitonal raster image. If you choose more than
one snap mode, the crosshairs snap to the closest of the possible snap points.
When the crosshairs snap to the point you want to select, pick the point.
Raster Snap operates in two modes, on and off. When raster snapping is on
(active), CAD Overlay displays a snap window around the AutoCAD cursor.
The snap window moves along with the AutoCAD cursor and displays the
crosshairs over points to which you can snap. You can use the crosshairs to
pick a point.
You can toggle Raster Snap on and off by using the Toggle Quick Bar
command from the Image menu.
For more information, use to locate “Toggle Quick Bar” in the

You can access the Raster Snap options on the AutoCAD Drafting Settings
dialog box by selecting Tools ➤ Drafting Settings and selecting the Raster
Snap tab.
For more information, use to locate “Raster Snap tab” in the

Snapping to Binary Raster Entities | 89

Key Concepts: Raster Snapping
■ To set the snap settings, select Tools ➤ Drafting Settings and select the
Raster Snap tab or type isnap.
■ A raster entity you want to snap to must be partially within the snap win-
dow. The snap window size is pixel dependent. If necessary, change the
snap window size so that it is large enough to encompass the entire pixel
width of the entity you want to snap to.
For more information, use to locate “Specify Raster Snap Settings”

in the CAD Overlay online Help.

Converting Raster to
Vector
7
The CAD Overlay vectorization tools make it possible In this chapter
for you to convert raster images into vector. You can use ■ Vectorization Tools
■ Follower tools
these tools to verify the geometry of the objects you
■ Using vector separation
vectorize. The follower tools can even trace complex
geometry such as polylines and contours semi-
automatically.
91
Vectorization Tools
To get the most out of your binary raster images, you can convert your raster
geometry to AutoCAD vectors. This conversion is known as vectorizing an
image. Since vectorizing an image can be time consuming, you should con-
sider your plans for the image before deciding whether or not to vectorize it.
■ If you only want to archive the image, you don’t need to vectorize it.
■ If you want to move, copy, or delete areas of the image, you can use the
REM commands to edit the image instead of vectorizing it.
■ If you want to remove portions of the raster image, you can use the Rub,
Crop, and REM raster editing commands instead of vectorizing it.
If you cannot easily change the image using the above suggestions, or if you
need to use the vector data in AutoCAD or another program, you should vec-
torize the entities.
Vectorizing and Verifying Dimensions with Vectorization Tools

CAD Overlay has vectorization tools that you can use to simplify the process
of vectorizing raster entities. Each type of vectorization tool is designed to
vectorize a corresponding raster geometry type. In many cases, you can
convert a raster entity to vector with a single pick. You can also define the
vector entity by picking two or more points on the image. After you use a
vectorization tool, you can continue to vectorize raster entities using either
selection method.
There are seven vectorization tools:
■ The line tool converts raster lines to AutoCAD Line entities. The line tool
uses two basic selection methods: one-pick, which vectorizes a raster line
with a single pick, and multi-pick, which requires you to enter two points
to define the start and endpoint of the raster line.
■ The polyline tool converts raster lines to AutoCAD Polyline entities. Like
the line tool, you can use two basic selection methods with the polyline
tool: one-pick, which vectorizes a raster line with a single pick, and multi-
pick, which requires you to enter two points to define the start and end-
point of the raster line.
■ The rectangle tool converts raster rectangles to vector rectangles. You
select points to define the corners and angle of the rectangle and CAD
Overlay creates a closed polyline with the dimensions and orientation
you specified.
92 | Chapter 7 Converting Raster to Vector

■ The circle tool converts raster circles to AutoCAD Circle entities. You can
select the raster circle using several methods, including a one-pick method
that vectorizes a raster circle with a single pick.
■ The arc tool converts raster arcs to AutoCAD Arc entities. You can select
the raster arc using several methods, including a one-pick method that
vectorizes a raster arc with a single pick.
■ The text tool and the mtext tool replace raster text with AutoCAD text or
mtext.
NOTE When using one-pick selection for the line, polyline, arc, and circle vec-
torization tools, CAD Overlay uses SmartCorrect to increase the precision with
which the vectors are created. Depending on the settings you select on the
VTools General tab of the CAD Overlay Option dialog box, CAD Overlay corrects
the resulting vector using the current AutoCAD drafting settings and precision.
Vectorization tools can be used to verify and adjust the dimensions of the
vector entities you draw, which is important because the raster image you are
vectorizing might not be accurate. The scale may be incorrect, or the image
might have been scanned poorly. For example, after you vectorize a line seg-
ment, you can check the line length and angle to make sure they are correct.
If they aren’t, you can change the dimensions before you create the next line.
To convert a raster line to a vector line
Fz F pdp4"F
s Insert a binary raster image into your drawing. A Insert Images

good sample image to use is fm.rlc in the
co2000i\samples folder.
¢ Select Image ➤ Options, then click the VTools Choose a VTools Removal
General tab and select a VTools Removal setting. Setting
As you trace a raster entity, the CAD Overlay removes,
deletes, or preserves the raster line according to the
VTools Removal setting you selected.
Click OK to exit the dialog box.
Select Tools ➤ Drafting Settings and select the Raster Specify Raster Snap Settings
Snap tab or typeam"z and select the appropriate
snap modes to aid in your selection of points on the
raster.
T Select Image ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Line. Convert a Raster Line to

Vector
Vectorization Tools | 93
To convert a raster line to a vector line (continued)
Fz F pdp4"F
Q When the raster snap glyph snaps to the point you

want to select, pick the point. The end of the raster
line nearest the point you pick is considered the start
point and is marked with an arrow glyph.
Notice that the length and angle of the line segment

are displayed on the command line.
If the line is not at the correct angle, type and press
ENTER to verify the angle of the vector line segment
you just created.
Type and press ENTER, then select another vector

line to match the angle of that vector.
G If the line is supposed to intersect another vector

entity, type and press ENTER, then click another
entity to extend the vector line segment you just
created so that it intersects the second entity.
n Pick another point, or press ENTER to exit the

command.
For information about using vectorization tools, use to locate

“Converting Raster Entities to Vector” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
The Follower Tools

CAD Overlay features several follower vtools which replace the Line Follower
Extension (LFX) tools in previous versions of CAD Overlay. These follower
tools provide a semi-automatic method of tracing the raster geometry you
want to vectorize. When you use the contour follower tool, for instance, CAD
Overlay “follows” the selected contour line, stopping for input only when
the follower can no longer proceed on its own (for instance, when it meets a
raster endpoint or a label for the contour). This pause is referred to as a
“decision point.” At each decision point, you can provide more information,
change course, back up to a previous vertex, stop the follower, and so on.
Vectorization tools include three followers:
■ The Polyline Follower converts raster polylines to AutoCAD Polyline

entities using a follower to trace the raster polyline as you go.

■ The Contour Follower converts raster contours to AutoCAD Polyline
entities with elevation, or to contour objects (if you are using AutoCAD
Land Development Desktop) using a follower to trace the raster contour
as you go. When a contour is completed, the contour follower prompts
you to enter elevation data.
■ The 3D Polyline Follower traces a defined fence or existing vector
polyline, stopping at each point where it intersects raster (called a Raster
Impact Point) to prompt for elevation data. The resulting AutoCAD
3D Polyline represents the elevation of the raster contours it intersects.
You can use the contour follower to vectorize a contour and the VText
command to convert the text label associated with it.
pmp¤Opddp§F¦F4pa«F "VmaOaF=¦aF§pOmF§¦F4p F¨¦F4pa«FF¨

4pmp¤
To convert a raster contour to a vector polyline
Fz F pdp4"F
s Insert a binary raster image into your drawing. A Insert Images

good sample image to use is contour.rlc in the
¢ Select Image ➤ Options. Then click the VTools Change Contour Follower
Follower tab and select Polyline from the Contour Settings
Creates drop-down list.
Click OK to exit the dialog box.
Select Image ➤ Vectorization Tools ➤ Contour Convert Raster Contours to

Follower. Vector with the Follower
To convert a raster contour to a vector polyline (continued)
Fz F pdp4"F
T Select a raster contour. Convert Raster Contours to

The contour follower traces the contour until it Vector with the Follower
comes to a point where confusing geometry or a
raster intersection (if configured to stop at raster
intersection) force it to pause for input. This is called
a decision point.
Q If you want to manually add a point, type and press

ENTER, then click to add the point to the polyline.
If you want to specify a direction for the follower to

proceed, type and press ENTER, then click in the
direction you want the follower to proceed.
If you want to close the polyline, type and press

ENTER.
G Enter an elevation for the contour, then press ENTER.
n You can select another contour to follow, or you press

ENTER to exit the command.
For information about using the follower VTools, use to locate

“Converting Raster Entities to Vector” in the CAD Overlay online Help.
Using Vector Separation

One of the most powerful aspects of vectorization tools is the Vector
Separation Options. Rather than managing layers and polyline widths on an
entity-by-entity basis, the Vector Separation Options automatically assign
these values to the vectors created by vectorization tools. There are two ways
to use vector separation:
■ You can separate vectors based on the width of the raster lines by using
the General tab of the Vector Separation Options dialog box. Most
mechanical drawings, for instance, use thinner lines to represent
dimension lines, and thicker lines to draw the objects. Vector Separa-
tion can place each type of line on its own layer based on the width of
the raster lines. Simply specify a range of line widths for the raster
entity, then assign layer and polyline width values those ranges. When
you use a vectorization tool, CAD Overlay examines the raster line

width and assigns the values you specified for that width to the newly
created vectors.
■ You can assign layer and polyline widths to contours based on their eleva-
tion interval using the Contour tab of the Vector Separation Options
dialog box. For instance, you might set the elevation interval for major
contours to 50, and the elevation interval for minor contours to 10. If you
then followed a contour and set the elevation value to 450, the resulting
vector contour would be assigned to the major layer. Likewise, if you
traced a contour and set the elevation value to 440, the resulting vector
would be assigned to the minor layer.
Click Vector Separation on the VTools General tab of the CAD Overlay
Options dialog box to access the Vector Separation Options dialog box.
To adjust the vector separation options
Fz F pdp4"F
s Insert a binary raster image into your drawing. Insert Images

A good sample image to use is Facil.cal in the
¢ Select Image ➤ Options. Click the VTools General tab, Change the General Vector
and then click the Vector Separation button. Separation Options
Click the General tab.
T In the Width Table section, select the Use Width Table

check box.
Q Click Insert Below.
With the new row still highlighted, double-click the

Maximum cell, then enter a new value.
With the new row highlighted, double-click the Layer

cell, then select a new layer from the drop-down list.
G To determine the width of a raster line, click Query

Width, then click a raster line. The width is reported in
pixels and in AutoCAD units.
Click OK to exit the Entity Width Information dialog box.
n In the default section, select a layer from the Layer drop-

down list. Entities which do not meet the line width
criteria of the Width Table are assigned to this layer.
s¬ Click Save As Default to retain the current vector

separation settings.
Vector separation settings are not saved with the
drawing. Unless you save the current settings as the
default, they will not be saved for future drawing
sessions.
Vector separation files have a .vs extension.
ss Click OK to exit the Vector Separation Options dialog

box.
s¢ Click OK to exit the CAD Overlay Options dialog box.
For information about using the Vector Separation Options, use to

locate “Vector Separation Options” in the CAD Overlay online Help.

Key Concepts: Vectorization Tools
■ Vectorization tools work best when you convert raster to vector on binary
images. One-pick selection and follower tools do not work with grayscale
or color photographs.
■ The follower commands trace complex raster geometry, such as contours,
by relying on interaction from you at key decision points.
■ Before using vectorization tools, adjust the settings in the CAD Overlay
Options dialog box. Use the options on the VTools General and VTools
Follower tabs to customize the vectorization tools to your particular
needs. For instance, by adjusting the VTools Removal setting, you can
choose to delete a preset line width, delete using REM delete (which pre-
serves raster intersections), or you can choose to leave the raster entity in
your drawing. By adjusting the Contour Creates setting, you can control
whether the Contour Follower creates a polyline or a contour object.
■ Use Vector Separation Options to automatically assign a layer and
polyline width to the vectors you create with vectorization tools. You can
assign these values based on either raster line width or the elevation of the
resulting vectors.
Part II
Installation Guide
101
102 | Part II Installation Guide
Installing CAD Overlay
8
This chapter includes complete instructions for In this chapter
installing CAD Overlay, both for single users and for ■ Single-user installation
■ Network administrator
network users worldwide.
installation
It is recommended you review all the options before you ■ Your CAD Overlay CD-ROM
■ Checking system requirements
begin your installation process.
■ Preparing for installation
■ Installation recommendations
■ Where to install your files
■ Unique installation conditions
■ CAD Overlay program
group cons
■ CAD Overlay menus
103
Choosing Your Installation Options
You have two main installation options to choose from: single-user installa-
tion and network installation. To decide which installation option best suits
your needs, read the following sections: “Single-User Installation,” and
“Network Installation.”
The Network Installation section describes two sub-options: network deploy-
ment and client deployment. Read through the common characteristics of
both before you consider their advantages and disadvantages.
Single-User Installation
You can install CAD Overlay as a single-user in a non-network environment.
You install the product directly from the CD, which allows you to choose the
folder where you would like CAD Overlay to be installed. Compare the
advantages and disadvantages of a single-user install to those described in
the next section, “Network Administrator Installation,” to decide which
installation best suits the needs of your company.
An installation of CAD
Overlay exists on your
computer only.
Advantages
■ Does not require a network.
■ Installs all the program files onto your computer, allowing CAD Overlay
to run at its maximum speed.
■ No network dependency. If the network goes down, you can continue to
use CAD Overlay.
■ Complete control over where CAD Overlay is installed on your computer.
104 | Chapter 8 Installing CAD Overlay

Disadvantages
■ Uses more memory space on your computer.
■ Only your individual computer has CAD Overlay installed and running,
therefore only one person at a time can use it.
■ Decentralizes the use of CAD Overlay, making product updates more time
consuming to install. For example, if an administrator needs to apply a
patch to CAD Overlay, the patch must be applied to each computer that
has CAD Overlay installed.
If you want to install CAD Overlay as a single-user, refer to “Installing Single-

User CAD Overlay” on page 113.
Network Installation
Before you proceed, you must first decide which installation option suits
your needs. If you are a Network Administrator, there are three main instal-
lation options to choose from: network deployment, client deployment, and
single-user. CAD Overlay actively supports all three of these options. Please
read the descriptions of each of these options and consider the pros and cons
before making your decision.
Common Characteristics
With both network deployment and client deployment, you can control
where CAD Overlay is installed on each of the client computers, and which
pre-configured settings each client computer to uses. This saves time in com-
municating corporate installation standards. You can also define which
AutoCAD Desktop that CAD Overlay is installed on.
Deployments are created for client installations on the network server. You
must have an AutoCAD desktop installed, including a version of the
Autodesk License Manager (which is installed automatically with your
AutoCAD desktop).
NOTE During a network setup, CAD Overlay 2000i does not detect if the pre-
vious version of CAD Overlay (CAD Overlay 2000) is already installed. Before
installing CAD Overlay 2000i, you should first uninstall CAD Overlay 2000.
Advantages
■ Allows for floating licensing, making it possible for different client com-
puters to run CAD Overlay as needed, allowing more flexibility.
Network Installation | 105

■ Controls where CAD Overlay is installed on each client computer and
which pre-configured settings are used.
Disadvantages
■ Client computers cannot operate CAD Overlay if the network is down.
Network Deployment
As a network administrator, you should install CAD Overlay using network
deployment if you want to minimize the number of CAD Overlay files
installed on the client computers. All CAD Overlay files can be stored in a
centralized location on your network server. This setup makes updating
information to all of the clients much faster. For example, if you need to
install a patch, you can install the patch on your network server rather than
installing the patch on each client computer.
F§pcF¦F
An installation of
CAD Overlay exists
on the Server, in one
installation location.
CAD Overlay can be

launched from the
client computer.
daFm daFm daFm
Advantages
■ Saves memory space on the client computers.
■ Centralizes the use of CAD Overlay, making it faster to update the
product. For example, if you need to apply a patch to the product, you
apply it to one central location, instead of to each client computer.

Disadvantages
■ Slower performance on each of the client computers, as CAD Overlay
needs to search the network for required information.
■ If your company has more than one flavor of AutoCAD (such as AutoCAD
Land Development Desktop or AutoCAD Architectural Desktop), and you
want CAD Overlay to install each client on a different AutoCAD Desktop,
you should consider installing through client deployment.
If you want to install CAD Overlay as a network deployment, see “Installing

CAD Overlay on a Network” on page 113.
Client Deployment
As a network administrator, you should install CAD Overlay using client
deployment if you want the client computers to contain all of the program
files. You can control where CAD Overlay is installed on each of the client
computers, and which pre-configured settings each client computer uses.
This saves time communicating corporate installation standards.
F§pcF¦F An installation of CAD

Overlay exists on the
Server. Each client can
install CAD Overlay
directly from the
Network.
A deployment of
CAD Overlay is
installed on the
client computer
from the Network.
daFm daFm daFm
Advantages
■ Installs all program files onto your client computers, allowing
CAD Overlay to run at its maximum speed.
Network Installation | 107

Disadvantages
■ Uses more memory space on your client computer.
■ Decentralizes the use of CAD Overlay, making product updates more time
consuming to install. For example, if an administrator needed to apply a
patch to the product for all of the clients to use, it could not be applied to
one central location. Each client computer would need to be updated
individually.
If you want to install CAD Overlay as a network deployment, see “Installing

CAD Overlay on a Network” on page 113.
Your CAD Overlay CD-ROM

Depending on the country you live in, you received one of two different
CAD Overlay CD-ROMs when you purchased CAD Overlay. One CD-ROM is
distributed within the United States and Canada, and the other CD-ROM is
distributed internationally. The differences between the two CD-ROMs are
described below.
The CAD Overlay CD-ROM for Customers in the

United States and Canada (Domestic)
If you are a customer within the United States or Canada, then your CD-ROM
includes both a single-user unlocked version of CAD Overlay and a network
version of CAD Overlay. The network version of CAD Overlay uses the
Autodesk License Manager which you can use to license CAD Overlay from
a license server on a network.
■ Install the single-user unlocked version of CAD Overlay from the root
directory of your CAD Overlay CD-ROM: e:\setup.exe. You must contact
Autodesk to receive an authorization code within 30 days after installing
this version. The unlocked version is limited to use on one computer.
■ Install the network version of CAD Overlay from the netsetup folder of
your CAD Overlay CD-ROM: e:\netsetup\setup.exe. You must contact
Autodesk to license this version immediately after installing it in order to
use the software.
NOTE All information about licensing CAD Overlay is in Chapter 9,

“Licensing CAD Overlay” on page 117.

The CAD Overlay CD-ROM for International
Customers
If you are an international customer, then your CD-ROM includes a network
version of CAD Overlay. The network version of CAD Overlay uses the
Autodesk License Manager (AdLM) which you can use to license
CAD Overlay from a license server on a network.
■ Install the locked version of CAD Overlay from the root directory of your
CAD Overlay CD-ROM: e:\setup.exe. You must contact Autodesk to
license this version immediately after installing it in order to use the
software.
WARNING! Before you install CAD Overlay, decide which type of

licensing you want to use. For more information, see “Flexible Licensing
Overview” in Chapter 9, “Licensing CAD Overlay.”
Checking System Requirements

To run properly, Autodesk CAD Overlay 2000i requires a minimum of the
following hardware and software. If your computer does not meet the mini-
mum requirements, then upgrade your computer before installing any soft-
ware. This prevents later problems.
Minimum System Requirements

■ One of the following AutoCAD 2000- and 2000i-based products:
■ AutoCAD 2000 or AutoCAD 2000i
■ AutoCAD Architectural Desktop Release 2 or AutoCAD Architectural
Desktop Release 2i
■ Mechanical Desktop Release 4
■ AutoCAD Mechanical 2000 or AutoCAD Mechanical 2000i
■ AutoCAD Map 2000 or AutoCAD Map 2000i
■ Pentium 133-based PC
■ Windows 95b/98, or Windows NT 4.0
■ 32 MB RAM (minimum)
■ See installation program for hard disk space requirements.
■ 64 MB hard disk swap space (minimum)
■ Quad-speed CD-ROM drive
Checking System Requirements | 109

NOTE AutoCAD 2000i requires that users be assigned either Power User or
Administrator permissions when using the Windows 2000 operating system.
Failure to assign these permissions causes AutoCAD 2000i and its third-party
applications to perform incorrectly. See the Windows 2000 Help system for infor-
mation about assigning user permissions.
Network Installation of CAD Overlay

System administrators planning to install CAD Overlay on a network must
have one of the following installed and functioning on the computers that
are running CAD Overlay:
■ TCP/IP
■ IPX protocol
Requirements for Sharing Data in a Network

Environment
In addition to the software and hardware requirements that are described in
the preceding section, the following is required for sharing CAD Overlay data
in a network environment:
■ Each user must have a unique network login name to use raster file lock-
ing. The login name is used to identify users so that images can be locked
appropriately. If you share the same network login name with another
user, then your image files could be overwritten.
■ For raster file locking to work properly, everyone on the network must use
the same file locking method and folder. These settings are controlled
through the CAD Overlay Options dialog box.
For more information about locking images over a network, use

to locate “Set the Locking Method for Image Files” in the CAD Overlay
online Help.

Preparing for Installation
Make sure you configure the following items before you install CAD Overlay.
Virtual Memory Settings

For the maximum performance, use the Virtual Memory settings
recommended in your Windows manual.
File Systems
CAD Overlay runs on the Windows NT (FAT & NTFS) and Windows 95/98
file systems.
Log in as Administrator (Windows NT Only)

When you install CAD Overlay, be sure you are logged in as Administrator,
or that your login name is part of the Administrator Group.
NOTE AutoCAD 2000i requires that users be assigned either Power User or
Administrator permissions when using the Windows 2000 operating system.
Failure to assign these permissions causes AutoCAD 2000i and its third-party
applications to perform incorrectly. See the Windows 2000 Help system for infor-
mation about assigning user permissions.
WARNING! If your current login does not have Administrator privileges,

CAD Overlay does not install correctly for Windows NT.
Installation Recommendations
Decide which type of installation you want to use. For more information, see
“Choosing Your Installation Options” on page 104.
Autodesk recommends that you follow the following steps to install
CAD Overlay.
Preparing for Installation | 111

To install CAD Overlay
Fz
s Make sure that AutoCAD 2000 loads and runs properly and that peripheral devices
(such as monitors, digitizers, plotters, and so on) are configured and working
properly before you install CAD Overlay.
¢ Delete any previous version of CAD Overlay before installing CAD Overlay 2000i.
Do not install CAD Overlay in the same folder as a previous version without
uninstalling the previous version.
Decide where you want to install the program files. For more information, see
“Where to Install Your Files” on page 112.
T When you install CAD Overlay, it is recommended that you choose the Full
installation option. This installs all the files you need to run CAD Overlay. This option
also installs all sample and tutorial files.
Where to Install Your Files

During installation, you are prompted to specify the location where you
want to install CAD Overlay. The default installation folder is
c:\Program Files\co2000i.
Unique Installation Conditions

Custom Installation
If you perform a custom installation, then you can choose to install:
■ Program Files (files needed to run CAD Overlay)

■ Sample and tutorial images
More than One AutoCAD

If you have more than one installation of AutoCAD, then you are prompted
to select which AutoCAD you want to use with CAD Overlay. Your AutoCAD
profile from the installation you specify is copied and modified for use with
CAD Overlay.
NOTE CAD Overlay 2000i cannot be installed on AutoCAD Release 14. You
need AutoCAD 2000, AutoCAD 2000i, or a compatible AutoCAD desktop.

Installing Single-User CAD Overlay
To install single-user CAD Overlay
Fz
s Place the CAD Overlay CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive.
¢ Select Start ➤ Run.
In the Open box, typeF9+F¤z(where “e” is the drive letter for the CD-ROM
drive), and then click OK.
T Follow the instructions on the screen. Click Next to proceed through the
installation process.
After the installation is complete, you can either start the program or be
prompted to register your software.
NOTE If you installed the single-user unlocked version of CAD Overlay (in the
United States and Canada), then you can start CAD Overlay. When you start the
program, you are prompted to enter an authorization code. Follow the instruc-
tions on screen to obtain your authorization code. You have up to 30 days to
obtain this code and enter it.
If you installed a locked version of CAD Overlay, then you are prompted to reg-
ister CAD Overlay at the end of the installation process. Registration begins the
process of obtaining your authorization code and licensing the software. For
more information about registering and licensing CAD Overlay, see Chapter 9,
“Licensing CAD Overlay” on page 117.
Installing CAD Overlay on a Network

To install CAD Overlay on a Network, follow the same steps used to install
your AutoCAD Desktop on the network, with two minor changes:
Client Deployment
Adds the ability for you to verify the location of your AutoCAD desktop
installation, and the ability to choose a profile during client installation.
Installing Single-User CAD Overlay | 113

Network Deployment
Network deployment adds the ability for you to choose a profile during net-
work installation.
For complete instructions about installing CAD Overlay on a Network, refer
to the Installation Guide included with your AutoCAD desktop.
Associating CAD Overlay to Your AutoCAD

Desktop
■ Client Deployment: When client machines install from client deploy-
ments, CAD Overlay is installed on the client machine and is bound to
the AutoCAD Desktop installed on the client machine. The network
administrator chooses this AutoCAD desktop when creating the client
deployment.
■ Network Deployment: When network administrators create network
deployments, CAD Overlay is installed on the network server and is
bound to an AutoCAD Desktop installation also on the network server.
The network administrator chooses this AutoCAD desktop when creating
the network deployment. When client machines install from the network
deployment, the client machines are configured to run CAD Overlay, and
its associated AutoCAD platform, from the network server.
CAD Overlay Program Group Icons

After you have completed installing CAD Overlay, the installation program
creates icons in the program group you specified. These icons are listed in the
table below.
Program group icons
4pm F4azapm
¦Fd"©¢¬¬¬astarts CAD Overlay.
¦Fd"©¢¬¬¬aFdz adF accesses online Help and online tutorials.
¦Fd"©¢¬¬¬aFdF"FpF accesses the CAD Overlay Release

Notes that contain the latest information on CAD Overlay.

Program group icons (continued)
4pm F4azapm
CA ¦Fd"©¢¬¬¬aa4FmFVFFhFmallows you to read and print a

document that contains the CAD Overlay License Agreement.
CAD Overlay Menus

The CAD Overlay Image menu is added to your current AutoCAD menu. It is
inserted to the left of the AutoCAD Help menu.
Each time you run CAD Overlay, it checks to make sure the image menu is
loaded. If it is not loaded, then CAD Overlay loads it if the Load menu on
CAD Overlay Startup check box is selected in the CAD Overlay Options
dialog box.
See Appendix B, “CAD Overlay Command Summary” on page 137 for a
complete listing of the CAD Overlay Image menu options with their corre-
sponding command names.
CAD Overlay Program Group Icons | 115

Licensing CAD Overlay
9
This chapter describes how to license CAD Overlay In this chapter
using flexible licensing management. With flexible ■ Flexible licensing
■ Domestic single-user licensing
licensing management, you can license CAD Overlay
■ International single-user
on a local computer or from a license server on a licensing
network. ■ Floating licensing
117
Flexible Licensing Overview
Whether you activate CAD Overlay with a locked single-user or floating
licensing, you must obtain an authorization code to activate the licenses for
CAD Overlay.
Review the following information to determine the licensing method that
you want to use.
Single-User Licensing
Licenses that are assigned to a single local computer are called single-user
licenses. With a single-user license, you can install and run CAD Overlay
from a local computer. The license is only valid for that computer. You can
log on to a network to share certain project files with other users, but you
cannot share the program files.
Licensing for single users is different for locked and unlocked versions of
CAD Overlay. For more information on the locked version, see “Authorizing
CAD Overlay for a Domestic Single User” on page 120. For more information
on the unlocked version, see “Authorizing CAD Overlay for an International
Single User” on page 121.
Floating Licensing
Licenses that are issued by the license manager program installed on a server
are called floating licenses. With floating licensing, you can install
CAD Overlay either locally or on a network. However, the license manager
program must be installed on a server that is accessible to each client com-
puter. The license manager issues and manages the licenses. The number of
users who can run CAD Overlay depends on the number of available licenses
from the license manager. Any Windows 95/98 or Windows NT workstation
on the network can be set up as a license server. However, for best perfor-
mance a Windows NT workstation is recommended.
The benefit of floating licensing is that the licenses are not tied to a particular
machine. This allows any client to run CAD Overlay provided that there are
available licenses. For more information, see “Licensing CAD Overlay on a
Network” on page 131 in this chapter.
118 | Chapter 9 Licensing CAD Overlay

Network Terminology
Before licensing, take a moment to become familiar with the following
terminology:
Network terminology
Fh FOamaapm
¤p=Fca4FmF A program that issues and manages software licenses.

"m"VFr
dp"amVa4FmamV A method of licensing that controls single or multiple user

access to software programs. Licenses are assigned on a
first come, first serve basis.
For example, if there are five licenses available, any five

users can use CAD Overlay.
This method requires the use of a license manager

program on a license server.
|mFmF§pc The protocol utilized by Novell Networks.

"4cFF4^"mVF}
a4FmFF¦F Any computer that is running a license manager program.
p4"d A computer and the software or data files on that

computer. For example, a “local hard drive” is the hard
drive in your computer.
F¦F A computer that provides software and /or data to other

computers that are attached to the network.
^"F="" Project data that can be accessed by more than one user.
^"F=pV"h Programs that can be accessed by multiple users

simultaneously from a single installation of software.
|"mhaapm The most common protocol utilized under 32-bit Window
pmpdpp4pd platforms for AutoCAD Licensing.
mFmFpp4pd}
ma¤FaF4p© A directory on a local hard drive or on a server that is

unique for each user.
¤^pa«"apmp=F The code that you receive when you register CAD Overlay.
This code activates your licenses. You can get your
authorization codes by registering your software.
Flexible Licensing Overview | 119

Registering Your Software
After you have installed CAD Overlay, you must register your software. By
registering your software, you receive the authorization code or codes neces-
sary to activate your licenses and you receive new CAD Overlay program
releases, training classes, and new support information.
Refer to the ‘Read This First Card’ included in your CAD Overlay product
box.
NOTE If you want to use single-user licensing, you must enter your authoriza-
tion codes on your local computer. If you want to use floating licensing, then the
authorization codes need to be entered on the server.
Authorizing CAD Overlay for a Domestic

Single User
The first time you start CAD Overlay 2000i, the Begin page of the
Authorization wizard is displayed. You can authorize CAD Overlay at that
time, or run CAD Overlay and authorize it later. CAD Overlay displays the
Begin page for 30 days each time you start the program until you provide an
authorization code. After 30 days, you must enter an authorization code to
run CAD Overlay.
You can authorize CAD Overlay in one of the following ways:
■ Internet: Guides you through entering your registration information and

sends it to Autodesk over the Internet. Registration/authorization occurs
almost instantly once you submit your information.
■ Fax: Guides you through entering your registration information. Saves
the information in a file that you can print and fax to Autodesk.
■ Email: Guides you through creating an email message with your registra-
tion information, which you can send to Autodesk.
■ Post/Mail: Guides you through entering your registration information.
Saves the information in a file that you can print and mail to Autodesk.
p"¤^pa«FCAD Overlay
s Double-click the CAD Overlay 2000i icon on your desktop.
¢ On the Begin page of the Authorization wizard, select Authorize CAD
Overlay 2000i and choose Next.

Do one of the following:
■ Select Register and Authorize, which guides you through the electronic
registration process.
■ Select Complete Authorization, where you enter your authorization code
(which you receive after you’ve registered your product).
T Choose Next and follow the on-screen instructions.
Authorizing CAD Overlay for an

International Single User
When you authorize a single-user version of CAD Overlay outside of the
United States, or when you authorize educational, NFR (Not For Resale), "Try
and Buy," and Term Use versions of CAD Overlay worldwide, only the com-
puter you authorized is licensed to run that copy of CAD Overlay. The licens-
ing software identifies the licensed computer by using certain components
on the computer, such as the hard disk.
The following section, “Important License Information,” provides informa-
tion about the licensing software, possible license errors, and precautions
you can take to avoid problems. “License Errors” on page 124 explains what
to do if you receive a license error.
The CAD Overlay license is only valid on one computer at a time. However,
with the CAD Overlay Portable License Utility, you can transfer the license
to another computer and then transfer it to a different computer, or transfer
the license back to the original computer. See “Transferring a License” on
page 126 for instructions.
Important License Information

The licensing software uses the following components on your computer to
identify the license rights on that computer:
■ primary boot disk

■ files in the license folder
■ system date and time
Authorizing CAD Overlay for an International Single User | 121

Making changes to any of these components may cause a license error that
requires you to reauthorize your copy of CAD Overlay. You can avoid most
license errors if you take precautions:
■ Do not change Volume Names
■ Do not change the Network card (and hence MAC address)
■ Do not change the system clock beyond changes necessary for travel or
Daylight Savings Time.
The following sections provide important license information and describe

ways to protect your license from errors.
Understanding the License Folder

When you install CAD Overlay, Setup installs a hidden license folder named
c:\c_dilla.
Do not tamper with the license folder or any files within the folder. Tam-
pering with the license folder or the files within the folder may cause
license errors.
Changing the System Clock

The CAD Overlay license allows for time changes within two days of the cur-
rent time on your system clock. If you set the system clock back more than
two days, the next time you start CAD Overlay, you receive a message that
gives you the option of correcting the system clock. If you do not correct the
system clock, you receive a license error and must reauthorize CAD Overlay.
For security reasons, you can only set your clock back twice.
Updating Components on a Licensed Computer

or Installing a New Computer
If you make changes to your computer, or if you install a new computer, you
need to take steps to ensure that you do not receive license errors.
php¦F©p¤da4FmFp"mF§d©am"ddF=4phz¤F
s If you have a new computer, and you now wish to use CAD Overlay on the
new computer, install CAD Overlay on the new computer
¢ Move the license to the new computer using the instructions in “Transferring
a License” on page 126.
Uninstall CAD Overlay from your old computer.

p"¦pa=da4FmFFp=¤Fp¤z="amV"4phz¤F
s Before updating the hardware on your computer, transfer the license to a
different computer using the instructions in “Transferring a License” on
page 126.
NOTE If you are installing a new computer, and you can still access the
licensed copy of CAD Overlay on your old computer, you do not need to transfer
the license at this time. You can install the new computer, then transfer the
license from your old computer to the new one.
¢ Make the required changes to your computer.

Reinstall CAD Overlay, if necessary.
T Import the license back to the updated computer using the instructions in
“Transferring a License” on page 126.
NOTE Verify that the machine identification code on your computer has not
changed, even if you made changes to your computer that did not require you
to reinstall CAD Overlay. The machine identification code may change depend-
ing on the changes you made.
Uninstalling and Reinstalling CAD Overlay

The license information is not removed when you uninstall CAD Overlay. If
you reinstall on the same machine, the CAD Overlay license information is
still valid. You do not have to reauthorize.
Restoring from a Disk Backup

In a lab or training environment, it is common to install software on a master
PC, create an image, and then copy that image to multiple PCs. After each
class or test session, this image is used to restore the PCs to a known state so
that no modified files are carried forward into the new session.
To avoid reauthorizing each lab machine after this process, using CAD
Overlay in this environment requires a small exception to the rule about
modified files.
Before the PC master image is restored, the c:\c_dilla folder must be backed
up and restored after the master image is restored.
Important License Information | 123

pzFOph"mamaa"dF¤z|pmF_ahFpmd©}
s Install CAD Overlay on the master PC.
¢ Remove any files from c:\c_dilla, but leave the directory c:\c_dilla\setup.
Create the master image from the bootable partition.
T Restore the image onto each PC.
Q Launch CAD Overlay and authorize it on each PC.
Unique request codes are generated for each PC and cannot be reused.
NOTE You do not need to back up the c_dilla folder at this point, because it is
modified during use.
pFpF^FpaVam"d4pmOaV¤"apm|pmVpamV}
s After the last time CAD Overlay is run on the PC, copy the c:\c_dilla folder
to a backup.
The files should easily fit on a floppy disk.
¢ Restore the master image.
Before running CAD Overlay 2000i, restore the specific c:\c_dilla folder for
each individual PC.
License Errors
Many license errors require you to reauthorize CAD Overlay. If you receive
an error, follow the instructions in “Installing Single-User CAD Overlay” on
page 113 to request an authorization code.
You can continue to run CAD Overlay for seven days after receiving most
license errors. After seven days, you must enter an authorization code to run
CAD Overlay. Receiving another error of the same type that you originally
received within the seven-day waiting period eliminates any remaining time.
In that case, you must enter an authorization code to run CAD Overlay.
CAD Overlay Portable License Utility

Those using the single user locked version of CAD Overlay can use the
Portable License Utility to create a pool of computers that share one license.
You can run CAD Overlay on any computer in the pool. However, you can
only run CAD Overlay on one computer at a time using the same license. The

Portable License Utility controls the transfer of an active license from one
computer to another and ensures that the software is activated only on the
computer that is licensed.
Understanding License Transfers

You can transfer your active license by using either a transfer file or a transfer
code. The first time you transfer your license, or if you have changed your
license details since the last transfer, you must use a transfer file.
A transfer file contains all of the information necessary to transfer a license
between computers. You can transfer a file on a diskette in a shared network
folder, or as an email attachment. The option to use a transfer file is always
available when you export a license.
A transfer code is a 16-character code that is generated by the exporting com-
puter. You enter the transfer code on the computer to which you are trans-
ferring the license. The transfer code option is not available the first time the
license is exported or if the machine identification code changes. In these
cases you must use a transfer file.
Viewing License Status

You can view license status on the Export tab in the Portable License Utility.
You must have at least one active license to run CAD Overlay. If the Export
tab is empty, you have no active licenses on the current computer. You can
export any active license.
p¦aF§da4FmF"¤
s On the computer with the active license, from the Start menu (Windows),
choose Programs ➤ CAD Overlay 2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License
Utility to run the Portable License Utility.
¢ Choose the Export tab.
License information is displayed in a tree view.
Expand the tree view so that you can view the status for each license and the
names of other computers in the pool by double-clicking any of the licenses
in the list.
T Select the item you want to view.
The Export Information box, located at the bottom of the Export tab,
displays additional information about the selected item.
The Export button exports the license to the selected computer. See
“Transferring a License” on page 126.
CAD Overlay Portable License Utility | 125

To modify the information contained in a pool of computers, use the con-
trols on the Pool tab. See “Modifying the Pool of Computers” on page 129.
Transferring a License
To transfer a license, you must do all of the following:
■ Install CAD Overlay on all computers that you want to include in the
pool. See “Installing Single-User CAD Overlay” on page 113.
■ Obtain a machine identification code from the target computer or com-
puters (the computer to which you are transferring the license) and add
each target computer to the pool. See “To add a computer to the pool of
computers” in this section.
■ Export the license from the source computer (the computer where the
license is currently active). See “To export the active license” on page 127.
■ Import the active license onto the target computer. See “To import a
license” on page 129.
Adding a Computer to the Pool

With the Portable License Utility, you can create a pool of computers that
share a single license. You can add a computer to the pool at any time.
p"=="4phz¤Fp^FzppdpO4phz¤F
s Install and authorize CAD Overlay on the source computer.
¢ Install CAD Overlay on the target computer.
On the target computer, from the Start menu (Windows), choose
Programs ➤ CAD Overlay 2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License Utility.
T Choose the Import tab.
Q Make a note of the machine identification code (MIC) displayed on the
Import tab. You need this code for a later step.
Return to the source computer. From the Start menu (Windows), choose
Programs ➤ CAD Overlay 2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License Utility.
On the Pool tab, choose Add.
G In the Machine Name box, enter a name for the target computer.
n In the Machine Identification Code box, enter the code that you obtained
from the target machine in step 5, and then choose OK.
Exporting a License
After adding the target computer to the pool, you can export the active
license from the original computer to a target computer. When you export
the license, the Portable License Utility creates a license file in the location

that you specify. For security reasons, you must specify the target location for
the license when you export it.
Before you export a license, make sure that the target computer is available.
The license can be imported only on the target computer that you specify in
the Portable License Utility.
NOTE Once you have exported the license from the source computer, you
cannot run CAD Overlay on that computer. To use CAD Overlay on that com-
puter again, you must first complete the license transfer process by importing
the license onto the target computer. You must then export the license from the
target computer and import it to the first computer.
pF¨zp^F"4a¦Fda4FmF
s On the computer with the active license, from the Start menu (Windows),
Utility.
¢ On the Export tab, double-click the license you want to export.
Under the license, double-click Pool to display the other computers in the
pool.
T From the list of computers, select a target computer.
Once you have exported a license from the source computer to the target
computer, you can import that license only on the target computer. You can-
not replace the license on the source computer.
If the license transfer information is lost in the process of transferring, you
can return to the source computer and export the license again, but only to
the original target computer.
Q Choose Export.
The Exporting dialog box displays information about the license and the tar-
get computer under Export Details.
■ License Name: Displays the name of the license that you’re exporting.
■ Machine Name: Displays the name of the target computer.
■ Machine Identification Code: Displays the machine identification code
of the target computer.
In the Exporting dialog box, verify that the machine name and the machine
identification code are correct for the target computer. Choose OK.

NOTE Choosing OK in this dialog box makes the license unavailable, and you
can no longer run CAD Overlay 2000i on the current machine.
In the Export Type Selection dialog box, select the options you want and
enter the information as follows:
■ Transfer Code: Transfers the license in the form of a transfer code. Make
a note of the code displayed after you choose Transfer, and then enter this
code on the target computer.
If this is the first time you have transferred a license to this computer, the
Transfer Code option is not available. You must use the Transfer File
option.
■ Transfer File: Transfers the license using a transfer file. Enter the full path
of the transfer file in the box beside this option, or choose Browse to select
the file name. You can transfer the file to a diskette or to a shared network
directory.
The Portable License Utility creates the license.ctl file in the location that
you specify. You import this file to the computer on which you want to
run CAD Overlay.
■ Transfer Pool Information with File: Transfers pool information in
addition to the license. If you select this option, information on all of the
computers in the pool is copied to the target computer when you import
the license.
If you want to transfer the license back to the source computer, you can
easily locate the correct computer and obtain its machine identification
code.
■ Browse button: If you selected the Transfer File option, choose Browse to
select the file name. Alternatively, you can enter the file name directly in
the box beside the Transfer File option.
■ Transfer button: Transfers the license.
G Choose Transfer.
Choosing Transfer finishes creating the license transfer file and closes the
Export Type Selection dialog box.
Importing a License
Using the Import tab, you can receive a license that has been exported from
another computer if the current computer was specified as the target com-
puter during the export.

pahzp"da4FmF
s On the computer you want to license, from the Start menu (Windows),
Utility.
¢ Choose the Import tab.
The machine identification code that is displayed near the top of the Import
tab is the identifying code for the host computer. This is the code you entered
when adding this computer to the pool.
Under Transfer Details, select one of the following options, and then enter
the required information. Select the same transfer option you used when you
exported the license:
■ Transfer Code: Select this option if the license received from the export-
ing computer is in the form of a transfer code. In the box, enter the trans-
fer code that was generated when you exported the license.
■ Read Transfer File: Select this option if the license from the exporting
computer is in the form of a transfer file. Enter the full path of the
exported file in the box beside this option, or use the Browse button to
find the file.
NOTE If you have misplaced the transfer code or the transfer file, return to
the computer that last had the active license. Run the Portable License Utility,
and then choose Export again. You must export the license to the same
computer that you originally selected.
T Choose Import to complete the process.

The license is imported to the target computer. You can now run CAD
Overlay on this computer. If you want to return the license to the original
computer, repeat the export and import process. The original computer now
becomes the target computer.
Modifying the Pool of Computers

You can use the Pool tab to edit the information for computers in the pool,
and you can remove computers from the pool.
pF=a4phz¤FamOph"apm
s From the Start menu (Windows), choose Programs ➤ CAD Overlay 2 ➤ CAD
Overlay Portable License Utility.
¢ Choose the Pool tab.

The pool tree, located at the top of the Pool tab, displays a list of licenses
available in the pool. You can expand the pool tree to display more
information on any license listed.
From the pool tree, select the computer you want to edit.
The Pool Information box, located at the bottom of the Pool tab, displays
information about the item currently selected in the pool tree.
T Choose Edit to change the machine name or the machine identification code
of the currently selected computer.
Q Modify the machine information as necessary, and then choose Exit.
pFhp¦F"4phz¤FOph^Fzppd
s From the Start menu (Windows), choose Programs ➤ CAD Overlay
2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License Utility.
¢ Choose the Pool tab.
In the list of computers, select the computer you want to remove from the
pool.
T Choose Remove.
Specifying Portable License Utility Options

You can control the automatic display of Help files as well as specify the lan-
guage you want to use in the Portable License Utility. You can also view
version information.
pzF4aO©pzapmOp^Fp"*dFa4FmFada©
s From the Start menu (Windows), choose Programs ➤ CAD Overlay
2000i ➤ CAD Overlay Portable License Utility.
¢ Choose the Options tab.
Select or clear the following options:
■ Disable Help Screen at Start-up: When cleared, displays the Help screen
automatically when you start the Portable License Utility. You can view
Help when the Portable License Utility is running by choosing the Help
button even when this option is selected.
■ Language: Specifies a language from the Language list for the Portable
License Utility and the Help page. You must restart the Portable License
Utility for this setting to take effect.
■ Version: Provides information about the current copy of the Portable
License Utility.
T Choose OK.

Licensing CAD Overlay on a Network
Rather than purchasing a single-user license for every CAD Overlay user or
workstation, you can purchase a network license for a maximum number of
concurrent users, and purchase additional licenses from your dealer as
needed. You can also upgrade from a single-license package to a network-
license package. CAD Overlay is not site-licensed.
When a user starts CAD Overlay, CAD Overlay sends a message to the
AdLM through the network protocol, and requests a license. If the number
of available licenses has not been exceeded, the AdLM assigns a license to the
user. The CAD Overlay session then starts on the workstation, and the num-
ber of available licenses is reduced by one.
When a user quits CAD Overlay, the AdLM frees a license for another user.
Multiple sessions on an individual workstation use only one license. When
the last session is closed, the license is available.
CAD Overlay uses either the TCP/IP or IPX protocol to communicate with
the AdLM. Currently, it’s not possible to configure CAD Overlay to use both
protocols. The protocol used depends on your network environment. The
Network Setup wizard tells CAD Overlay and the AdLM which protocol is
running in your network environment.
Each version of CAD Overlay uses a different feature code. The following
table lists CAD OVerlay feature codes.
CAD Overlay feature codes
¦Fd"©FdF"F F"¤Fp=F
CAD Overlay version 14.01 144
CAD Overlay 2000 155
CAD Overlay 2000i 165
For more information on floating licenses, refer to the AutoCAD 2000i

Installation Guide included with your AutoCAD desktop.
NOTE In instances where the feature code is mentioned, substitue the value
sQ for the value listed in the AutoCAD 2000i Installation Guide or your AutoCAD-
based desktop application.
Licensing CAD Overlay on a Network | 131

A
Supported Image Formats
You can use many common binary, grayscale, and color In this appendix
image formats with CAD Overlay. CAD Overlay ■ Supported image formats
supports all the image formats that AutoCAD 2000i
supports.
133
Supported Image Formats
If you open a drawing containing an image format that is not supported,
CAD Overlay does not load the image. If you attempt to insert an image that
uses an unsupported format, then you are warned that the format is not
supported.
■ 1-bit images are two color (binary/bitonal).

■ 4-bit images are grayscale or color (16-color).
■ 8-bit images are grayscale or color (256-color).
■ 24-bit and 32-bit images are both true color.
■ CAD Overlay can save images as 1 bit, 8 bit, or 24 bit.
■ CAD Overlay can read more image formats than it can write. All readable
formats are listed in the “Read” column of the following table. All writable
formats are listed in the “Write” column. For instance, CAD Overlay can
read wavelet compressed images such as SID and ECW files. However it
cannot write files to those formats.
■ If you insert a read-only image into your drawing and you want to edit it,
then you can use the Image ➤ Save As command to save the image to a
read-write format before or after you edit it.
CAD Overlay can read and write world files for any image type. World files
contain correlation information for images, such as scale, rotation, and
insertion point.
Supported image formats
ph" adFF¨Fmapm F4azapm F"=|*a aF|*a

zFza¨Fd} zFza¨Fd}
BMP BMP, RLE, Windows Bitmap 1, 4, 8, 24 1, 8, 24

DIB
CALS CAL, GP4, Computer Aided Acquisition and 1 1

RST, MIL, Logistics Support
CG4
FLIC FLC, FLI Animator FLIC 8 8
GeoSPOT BIL SPOT Image Corporation’s raster format 8, 24 read-only

with georeferencing format
GIF GIF Compuserve® Graphics Exchange 8 read-only

Format
134 | Appendix A Supported Image Formats

Supported image formats (continued)
ph" adFF¨Fmapm F4azapm F"=|*a aF|*a

zFza¨Fd} zFza¨Fd}
IG4 IG4 Image Systems Group 4 1 read-only
IGS IGS Image Systems Grayscale 8 read-only
JFIF- JPEG JPG Joint Photographics Expert Group, best 8, 24 24

suited for 24-bit images
PCX PCX A simple run length encoded format 1, 4, 8, 24 1, 8
PICT PCT Apple® Computer format 1, 8, 24 read-only
PNG PNG Portable Network Graphics 1, 8, 24 1, 8, 24
RLC1 RLC Plain RLC with no header 1 read-only
RLC2 RLC RLC1 with IST headers 1 1
TARGA TGA Usually 24-bit true color; can be 8-bit 8, 24 8, 24

grayscale or simple run length encoded
TIFF TIF Tagged Image File Format 1, 4, 8, 24 1, 8, 24
MrSID SID Multiresolution Seamless Image 1, 4, 8, 24 read-only

Database
ECW ECW Enhanced Compressed Wavelet 1, 4, 8, 24 read-only
NOTE CAD Overlay reads GeoTIFF even though GeoTIFF does not appear as a
separate format in the Image Insert dialog box. GeoTIFF is now considered a
source of correlation for TIFF files.
For more information, use to locate “Supported Image Formats” in

the CAD Overlay online Help.
Supported Image Formats | 135

136
B
CAD Overlay Command
Summary
You can enter CAD Overlay commands from the Image In this appendix
menu or from the command line. ■ Image menu options
■ Command names
The table in this appendix lists the menu options and
their corresponding command line names according to
their groupings on the Image menu. For a full
description of the Image menu and related online Help
topics, see “Accessing the CAD Overlay Commands” on
page 21.
137
Command Summary
The following table shows each Image menu option and its corresponding
command line name.
Image menu Command line access
F§ INEW
mF IINSERT
"¦F ISAVE
"¦F ISAVEAS
¨zp
Image IEXPORT
World File IWORLDOUT
pFd"F
Match IMATCH
Displace IDISPLACE
Scale ISCALE
Rubbersheet IRSHEET
"m"VF IMANAGE
dF"m¤z
Deskew IDESKEW
Despeckle IDESPECKLE
Bias IBIAS
Invert IINVERT
Mirror IMIRROR
138 | Appendix B CAD Overlay Command Summary

Image menu Command line access (continued)
h"VFp4FamV
Histogram IHISTOGRAM
Convolve ICONVOLVE
Bitonal Filters IBFILTER
Change Density IDENSITY
Change Color Depth IDEPTH
"Fma©
"maz¤d"apm|}
REM ‰ Create Region
Polygonal ISPOLYREG
Rectangular ISRECTREG
Diagonal ISDIAGREG
Circular ISCIRCREG
From Existing Vector IREGFROMVEC
➤ F"Fm^"m4F=
apm"dFVapm
Smart Window ISEBRSMART / Window
Smart Crossing ISEBRSMART / Crossing
Smart Wpolygon ISEBRSMART / WPolygon
Smart Cpolygon ISEBRSMART / CPolygon
Smart Fence ISEBRSMART / Fence
Connected Entity ISEBRCON / Entity
Connected Window ISEBRCON / Window
Connected Crossing ISEBRCON / Crossing
Connected Wpolygon ISEBRCON / WPolygon
Command Summary | 139

➤ F"Fm^"m4F=
apm"dFVapm|4pm=}
Connected Cpolygon ISEBRCON / CPolygon
Connected Fence ISEBRCON / Fence
➤ F"Fahaa¦F
Smart Pick ISSMART
Line ISLINE
Circle ISCIRCLE
Arc ISARC
phäamVF4p IPRIMFROMVEC
dF"FdF4F= ICLEAR
Clear All ICLEARALL
Select All ISELECTALL
Refine Mode IREFINEMODE
Remove Data from IREMOVE

Region
Merge To Raster Image IMERGETOIMG
Convert To Raster Image ICONVTOIMG
Transparency ITRANSPARENT
Smooth ISMOOTH
Copy to Clipboard ICOPYSS
Knife IKNIFE
"c
Create IMASK
Convert to Image Clip IMASKCONVERT

"c|4pm=}
Redefine IMASKEDIT
pz
Line ICROPLINE
Circular Region ICROPCIRC
Rectangular Region ICROPRECT
Aligned Rectangular ICROPALIGN

Region
Diagonal Region ICROPDIAG
Polygonal Region ICROPPOLY
Fhp¦F
Line IRUBLINE
Circle IRUBDONUT
Arc IRUBARC
Polyline IRUBPLINE
Circular Region IRUBCIRC
Rectangular Region IRUBRECT
Diagonal Region IRUBDIAG
Polygonal Region IRUBPOLY
Remove Under Vector IRMVEXISTING
Smart Pick IDELSMART
Line Entity IDELLINE
Circle Entity IDELCIRCLE
Arc Entity IDELARC
Command Summary | 141

FVF
Merge Images IIMERGE
Merge Vector IVMERGE
Raster Pens RPENS
F4pa«"apmppd
|ppd}
Line VLINE
Pline VPOLY
Rectangle VRECT
Circle VCIRCLE
Arc VARC
Text VTEXT
Multiline Text VMTEXT
Polyline Follower VFPOLY
Contour Follower VFCONTOUR
3D Polyline Follower VF3DPOLY
m"z ISNAP
pVVdF "hF IFRAME
pVVdF¤a4c" IQBAR
zapm IOPTIONS
¦Fd"©phF"VF http://www.autodesk.com/overlayuser
Fdz IHELP
*p¤ ¦Fd"© IABOUT

Glossary
access To open or start, as a command.

access key The key that corresponds to an underlined letter on a
menu, command, or dialog box.
active Open and operating window, program, document, file,
device, or portion of the screen.
Always Detach An option in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box. If you
erase the image frames, this option automatically
detaches the images.
arc, raster Curved line or object. Commonly created by three points.
Example: You can remove a raster arc by selecting the
start, center, and endpoints of the raster arc.
Ask Before An option in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that
Detach prompts you to detach an image if no frames in the
drawing reference that image.
AutoInsert A CAD Overlay option for automatically inserting images
into a drawing created with ESP or GSX, which are earlier
versions of CAD Overlay.
AutoReplace A CAD Overlay option that changes the image path of a
previously inserted image to match the drawing path.
AutoRub A CAD Overlay option that removes raster entities as you
trace them with the VTools commands. This option uses
the Rub/Crop line width to determine the width of the
raster that is removed.
143
base point A point used for relative distance and angle when moving,
copying, or rotating objects.
Example: Select the base point on the image that you
want to move to the destination point.
bias The ratio of image width to image height. You can change
the bias of an image by using the AutoCAD STRETCH
command. Also called aspect ratio.
binary image A two color, 1-bit image, usually a line drawing.
Example: A floorplan or a parcel map. The objects in a
binary raster image are called raster entities. The
background color of a binary image can be transparent or
solid. The foreground color can be any color. Also called
bitonal.
bitmap A raster file format for images.
bitonal image See binary image.
blurring A method for evenly weighing all pixels in the kernel
including the target. This filter, while similar to Low Pass
#2, gives slightly brighter results.
bounding The visible element (usually a dotted rectangle) that is
outline displayed when you select a range of items. Also called
bounding box.
brightness Approaching maximum luminance. A higher brightness
value makes all the pixels in an image lighter.
CAD Overlay Previous releases of CAD Overlay.
GSX and
CAD Overlay
ESP
channel The way color conversion data is communicated or
transmitted.
clipped image Boundary by which you can shorten an image.
Example: When you clip an image, the regions of the
image that are outside the clip boundary are hidden from
view. You can turn off the clip or you can delete the clip
to redisplay all of the image. A clip is a display-only
feature that you can use for viewing and plotting
purposes. It does not permanently change image data.
144 | Glossary
color channel Each color in an image has its own channel.
Example: An RGB image has red, green, and blue color
channels. Color channels can be adjusted together or
separately to bring out individual colors in an image. See
also channel.
color depth Every pixel in an image has information associated with it
to define its color. The amount of information stored with
each pixel is called color depth. The more information that
is stored with each pixel, the greater the number of colors
that can be represented.
The information is represented as follows:
pdpFz^ ©zFpOh"VF ¦"ad"*dFpdp|}
1-Bit Black and White 1 color
8-Bit Grayscale 256 shades of gray
4-Bit Color 16 colors
8-Bit Color 256 colors
16-Bit Color 65,366 colors
24-Bit Color 16,777,216 million colors
Color to GS A tab on the CAD Overlay Histogram dialog box that

converts a color image to an 8-bit grayscale image.
configure To set up preferences and other settings that determine
how a program operates.
Example: You can set configuration values in the
CAD Overlay Options dialog box. These settings become
the default values.
continuous A shaded image, sometimes called half-tone in traditional
tone publishing.
contrast The degree of darkness in areas in an image.
Example: You can increase the contrast in a grayscale
image to the point where the image becomes black and
white. Decreasing the contrast results in an image of
mostly midlevel grays.
Glossary | 145
convert Changing from one form to another.
Example: Converting an image to binary can help isolate
features in an image, such as the contour lines in a
grayscale scan of a USGS map. After the grayscale image is
converted to a binary image, you can use the VTools
commands to convert the raster entities to vector objects.
convolve To roll, coil, or twist together.
Example: You can take advantage of the CAD Overlay
Convolve filters to smooth or sharpen the details of a
grayscale image.
Convolve filter Convolve filters can smooth or sharpen the edges of
grayscale images only.
correlate The process of positioning an image within the AutoCAD
coordinate system so that the image’s dimensions and
coordinates match AutoCAD units and coordinates.
crop A crop deletes pixel data outside a selected area of a raster
image. The image frame size is adjusted automatically. A
crop permanently alters an image.
current A drive, directory, folder, or other element that is active.
Example: Windows Explorer indicates which folder is
current.
data The method of organizing the image data when the image
organization is saved. The data organization can be stripped, tiled, or
monolithic (see also stripped, tiled, and monolithic).
datum A reference point, line, or surface.
decrement To decrease by one.
density The number of dots per unit at which an image is scanned
or created. The more dots per unit, the higher the density.
Also called resolution.
Example: If you scan an image at 300 dpi, the image
density is 300 dots per inch.
density units The units on which the image density is based.
Example: Inches are the density units of an image that was
scanned at 300 dots per inch.
146 | Glossary
density value The number of dots per unit that make up the image
density.
Example: An image scanned at 300 dots per inch has a
density value of 300.
depth The amount of information stored with each pixel. The
more information stored with each pixel, the greater the
number of colors that can be represented. See also color
depth.
deskew Rotating a raster image
Example: Use the Deskew filter when you want to rotate a
raster image in reference to raster or vector objects
without scaling it.
destination The location to which you move an image. To move an
point image, you must pick a source point and a destination
point.
detach an To remove all references to an image from a drawing.
image
disable To turn off a feature so that it does not affect the drawing.
displace To move an image from a source point to a destination
point.
display The visual output device and its technology, such as a
CRT-based display, a flat-panel display, or the graphics
portion of your monitor.
Display A CAD Overlay setting that maintains the display scale
Capture and rotation of entities in a REM selection set. Used only
for the REM Copy to Clipboard command.
display order The order in which images are displayed in AutoCAD. The
sequence affects which images are under or over other
images. You can change the display order so that an image
is on top of all other images in your drawing.
distortion A method for correcting distortions in images, such as
correction distortions related to parallax, unevenness of terrain, or
lens distortion. See also rubbersheeting.
Example: There may be times when you cannot align
images using manual correlation because of distortions in
the image.
Glossary | 147
dithering The process of using a pattern of solid dots to simulate
more colors than are actually available.
Do Not Affect A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab,
which retains the images that are outside the mask
boundary.
donut A circle with a linewidth.
DPI Dots per inch of an image. Also called resolution or density.
Example: When you scan an image, you specify the dpi, or
resolution, at which you want to scan the image.
Draft An option in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that
does not dither the pixels. This setting is recommended
for binary images.
drawing A vector image in AutoCAD drawing format, saved with
the filename extension DWG.
drawing image CAD Overlay raster image correlated in an AutoCAD
drawing.
drawing unit The unit on which an AutoCAD drawing is based.
Example: A common Imperial drawing unit is inches. A
common Metric drawing unit is meters.
edge Filters that improve the quality of an image by extracting
enhancement individual elements, for example, boundaries and
filters property lines. You can also use these filters for object
extraction or object recognition by higher-level
algorithms.
Edit Warnings An option in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that
prevents CAD Overlay from displaying warnings while
you are editing an image.
enable To make a feature active.
Enable Mask A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab,
that enables an existing mask for display. Enabling allows
you to view the image clip as defined by the image mask.
encoding Compression method that is applied to an image when
the image is saved. An encoding method can save disk
space.
148 | Glossary
equalization A function to bring out details in an image. Equalization
changes the darkest pixels in an image to black and the
lightest pixels to white and then reassigns the remaining
pixels to the colors in between. Also called nonlinear
contrast stretch.
Export A CAD Overlay command for saving an image to another
file format and for writing out correlation files for the
image. Correlation files store insertion point, scale,
rotation, and density information for the image. When
you export an image, you can choose the type of
correlation files to create. You can save the correlation
information to a resource file, a world file, or to the image
file. The type of correlation file you create depends on the
image type you are exporting.
extension list The filename extensions, such as GIF, that CAD Overlay
searches for when it searches for an image. CAD Overlay
searches for images in the order that they appear in this
list.
filter An editing tool that can be used to adjust the appearance
of an image. Also called editing filter.
Example: The Invert filter reverses light and dark areas on
an image.
follow To trace a line on a binary raster entity and create vectors
that AutoCAD recognizes as individual objects. Also called
vectorize.
foreground The color of the raster entities in a binary image.
color
frame A rectangular vector object that encloses an image. You
can select the image frame by clicking it or by using any
AutoCAD selection method. The image frame is an
AutoCAD object that you can assign to a layer, reposition,
or scale using standard AutoCAD methods. A frame can
become an irregular shape if the image is cropped or
clipped. See also image frame.
freq value The number of pixels in a histogram image that
corresponds to the shade indicated by the placement of
your cursor.
Glossary | 149
Gap Width A setting that defines the maximum gap (from 0 to 10
pixels) that CAD Overlay can ignore as it follows a raster
line, polyline, or contour. CAD Overlay ignores any gap
that is equal to or smaller than the Gap Width. This
setting is useful for scanned images that have many
disconnected raster lines or in which pixels are missing as
a result of imperfect scans.
georeferenced An image that references real-world coordinates in its
image correlation source.
Example: Georeferenced images include GeoSPOT,
GeoTIFF, and images that use world files as their
correlation source.
GIS Computerized decision support systems that integrate
(Geographic spatially referenced data. These systems capture, store,
Information retrieve, analyze, and display such data.
Systems)
global A method to put angular spherical coordinates
coordinate representing latitude and longitude into AutoCAD Map's
system Cartesian coordinate system, and account for the
curvature of the earth's surface with a projection.
gradient Filters that improve the quality of the line where an object
directional begins or ends by extracting individual elements. These
edge filters use the vector sum of the three coordinate variables
enhancements X, Y, and Z, taking into account their direction in space.
filters
Example: You can use the gradient directional edge
enhancements filters in any one of the eight compass
directions. Using these filters results in a black
background with white outlines of the objects in the
original image.
grayscale An image usually created by a scanner in which
image continuous tones are represented as uniform shades of
gray. Each pixel uses eight bits of information, producing
256 shades of gray.
grips Small boxes displayed at various points on a selected
object that can be used as “handles” to edit the object.
Select a grip and then specify a grip editing function.
height The physical height of an image in pixels.
150 | Glossary
Hide Image(s) A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab,
used to hide the images that are outside the mask
boundary.
High Quality A setting in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that is
recommended for color and grayscale images.
Example: This setting dithers the pixels on screen so the
changes between shades and colors appear more gradual.
high pass filters A means for enhancing the edges of images. Images that
do not appear clear may be sharpened by high pass
filtering.
high resolution A high-quality screen display (generally 640 × 480 pixels
or better) or print output (300 dots per inch or better).
histogram A bar graph that shows the number of pixels for each color
in the selected image or images. An aid to adjust the
brightness and contrast of an image, to maximize details
in an image, to convert a grayscale or color image to
binary, or to convert a color image to grayscale.
horizontal Parallel to the horizon or baseline.
hybrid A drawing comprising both raster and vector data.
image A graphic that is composed of raster data. See also drawing
and drawing image.
image detail The smallest parts that comprise an image.
image file The description of a collection of data treated by a
computer as a unit for input and output.
Example: For certain types of images, correlation data can
be saved as part of the image file. These file types include
RLC, IG4, IGS, GeoTags in GeoTIFF, or HDR File in SPOT.
image format The method in which an image was created and saved,
such as bitmap, CALS, RLC, or GIF. Some image formats,
such as PICT, are read-only.
image frame A frame that encloses each image you insert (also called
boundary). If you select an image frame, grips appear and
hatch marks are drawn over the image to indicate that you
have selected it. You can select the frame using standard
AutoCAD methods (such as specifying points to define a
crossing window or clicking the frame).
Glossary | 151
image The ability to modify the image display order, modify the
management image properties, and select the active image.
image memory A default amount of memory (RAM) set to 8 MB for
images. If you increase the default amount, you might
degrade the performance of your operating system. It is
recommended that you use the default amount.
image The description of a collection of data treated by CAD
selection Overlay as a unit.
Example: When you select an image by clicking its frame,
the image moves to the top of the display order, obscuring
any vectors that intersect with it.
image type Binary, grayscale, and color images.
Example: You can use the histogram with grayscale and
color image types.
image unit The unit at which an image was scanned or created.
Example: If you scan an image at 300 dots per inch, the
image unit is inches.
index value In CAD Overlay, the intensity of the shade (0 to 255)
represented by the bar in the histogram where you place
your pointer.
insert image To put or fit a drawing or photograph into your
CAD Overlay working session.
insertion point The point in AutoCAD at which text or graphics are
inserted.
Example: The image insertion point XYZ coordinate
corresponds to the lower-left corner of the image frame.
invert In CAD Overlay, a filter used to reverse position, order, or
relationship.
Example: If an image was originally scanned as a negative,
you can invert the image to create a positive image. You
can also use the Invert filter to reverse the dark and light
areas of an image that was scanned from a white line
blueprint.
152 | Glossary
invisible Unable to be seen.
Example: When frames are invisible, or an image is on a
locked layer, a frozen layer, or a layer that is turned off,
you cannot select the image by clicking the frame.
However, if the frames are not displayed but the image is
on an editable layer, you can select the image using the
SHIFT + left-click method.
layer To form or arrange in layers.

Example: When you insert an image, it is inserted onto
the current AutoCAD layer. However, you can move the
image to another layer. Because AutoCAD controls the
visibility and behavior of the layers, you can move an
image to another layer to take advantage of the AutoCAD
layer properties.
layout Management of images, including how they are displayed
and in what order they are displayed, determined in the
Image Management dialog box.
line A narrow elongated mark, such as a mark on a map
recording a boundary, division, or contour.
Example: You can remove a raster line by selecting a point
on each end of the raster line.
linetype The display of a line or type of curve, such as continuous
or dashed.
low pass filter A means of extracting individual elements in areas where
pixel intensities change rapidly, thereby reducing high-
frequency detail. The effect is a slightly blurred image.
Maintain A CAD Overlay export option, which, if selected, replaces
Drawing Link the original image with the image you selected to export.
mask Used to display and plot of a subset of the images in your
drawing. A mask clips the images inside the mask
boundary and hides or unloads the images completely
outside the mask boundary. You can mask images using a
rectangular or polygonal boundary. The mask boundary is
an AutoCAD object you can move, stretch, scale, and
erase, just as you can any other AutoCAD object.
median filter A filter that removes random visual noise in an image by
changing each pixel value to match the average value of
the neighboring pixels.
Glossary | 153
memory See image memory.
merge CAD Overlay commands you can use to merge images,
commands merge vectors, and select raster pen widths.
merge images To group two or more images into a single image file.
mirror To create a new version of an existing object by reflecting
it along a line or plane.
Example: Scanning software may mirror drawings, or
occasionally scan the back of the drawing by mistake. You
can correct these problems by mirroring the image. You
can mirror any image along the horizontal or the vertical
axis.
monolithic Encoding method for TIFF files. Saves image data in one
piece. May result in slower processing time.
native capture Copies a REM selection set using the image data directly
from the image file. Ignores display scale and rotation of
entities. Used only for the REM Copy to Clipboard
command.
Never Detach An option in the CAD Overlay Options dialog box that
does not detach an image even if all image frames that
reference the image are erased from the drawing.
New Image A CAD Overlay command used to create a mask.
Mask
node In CAD Overlay, a link endpoint that can be represented
as a block or point object.
Example: You can force the line follower to ignore the
intermediate nodes and draw a single straight line
between the start and endpoints of a line.
noise Random pixels that result from poorly scanned images.
non- Image that is not saved with real world coordinates.
georeferenced
image
nonorthogonal A graphic representation that intersects or lies at angles
image other than right angles. Also called nonortho image.
ortho image Image that is rotated at 0, 90, 180, or 270 degrees.
orthogonal Intersecting or lying at right angles (0, 90, 180, or
270 degrees).
154 | Glossary
pixels Single dots on the screen that may be individually
assigned different colors or shades of gray. Pixels make up
raster images.
Example: Image pixel size varies depending on the
resolution of the image. For example, a 2 × 2 pixel in a
400 dpi image is four times smaller than a 2 × 2 pixel in a
200 dpi image.
point A location on a drawing. Also, a defined survey point in
the COGO database.
positive image An image in which the light and shade areas correspond
to the original image.
PPI Pixels per inch. Also called dpi, or dots per inch.
Example: When you scan an image, you specify the ppi, or
resolution, at which you want to scan the image.
projection Data devised by cartographers and mathematicians to
depict three-dimensional shapes (like the earth) on two-
dimensional surfaces (like your screen) with minimal
distortion.
properties Attributes or characteristics of an object used to define its
state, appearance, or value.
Example: A drawing within CAD Overlay has properties
that describe its appearance and behavior. These
properties are displayed in the Information dialog box.
quad sheet A device for reducing image file size. Many maps are
broken up into quadrants, which are square and are called
quad sheets. When a group of quad sheets is inserted into
a drawing, it is considered to be tiled.
raster A pattern of closely spaced rows of dots and pixels that
form the image on your computer display.
raster arc See arc, raster.
raster data A series of dots, or pixels. This type of data is produced
when you scan a paper drawing, a blueprint, or a
photograph. A raster image is an image composed of
pixels. Raster entities are the lines, arcs, and other objects
in a binary raster image.
Glossary | 155
raster entity A CAD Overlay method by which segments (raster line,
manipulation circle, and arc) and areas (diagonal, polygonal,
(REM) rectangular, and circular) of a raster image can be selected
and operated on.
raster pen A CAD Overlay tool that allows thickening of vector
entities when you merge them into an image. Thicknesses
are assigned according to the specified entity color.
raster snap A device to snap your cursor to the end, center, corner,
intersection, or edge points of a binary raster entity. If you
choose more than one snap mode, the crosshairs snap to
the closest of the possible snap points. When the
crosshairs snap to a point you want to select, choose the
point.
reference point A source of information determined by an ordered set of
coordinates.
REM Raster entity manipulation commands. A group of
commands commands for editing raster images. To use the REM
commands, you first create a selection set. Then you select
an editing command. You can select an area of a color,
grayscale, or binary raster image, or you can select lines,
arcs, and circles of a binary raster image. Then you can
move, copy, or delete the selection set, or you can copy
the selection set to the clipboard.
resolution The number of dots per unit at which an image is scanned
or created. The more dots per unit, the higher the
resolution. Also called density.
Example: If you scan an image at 300 dpi, the image
resolution is 300 dots per inch.
resource file A file used by CAD Overlay to store image data such as
insertion point, scale, and rotation. Can be used as a
source of correlation information for an image when the
image is inserted into a drawing. The Export command
can write out a resource file for an image.
respect A CAD Overlay term for maintaining a particular
condition.
Example: Under the Vector Merge Default tab, you would
select Respect Display Order if you wanted CAD Overlay
to keep your current display order.
156 | Glossary
reverse See Invert.
RGB Red-green-blue.
rotation angle The angle at which an image is revolved about its axis.
RTF Rich text format.
rub To remove a line or area from an image with the
CAD Overlay Rub command. A rub changes the pixels in
a selected area to the transparency color. When
transparency is turned on for the image, the rubbed area
becomes transparent. Rub permanently alters your image.
rubbersheet The process of matching points in an image to known
reference points in a coordinate system by warping the
image using a polynomial transformation.
scaling In CAD Overlay, a method for scaling a raster image in
reference to existing raster or vector entities without
rotating it.
scanner A device that converts blueprints, photographs, and line
drawings to raster data.
shading The use of marking made within outlines to suggest three-
dimensionality, shadow, or degrees of light and dark in a
picture or drawing.
Example: You can use the sharpening filters on grayscale
images to make differences in shading more distinct. This
can increase the sharpness of an image and enhance edges
in the image. You may need to use sharpening filters to
extract the highest amount of useful data from a low-
resolution scan.
shadow The darkest part of an image.
sharpening Sharpening filters enhance details in an image. All of
filters these filters with the exception of the matched filters
operate with a 3 × 3 pixel kernel.
Show Image A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab.
Frame(s) Shows the frames of the images that are hidden or
unloaded.
smoothing A device for removing details or unwanted noise in
filters images. Smoothing filters use spatial filtering with a 3 × 3
pixel kernel.
Glossary | 157
source point The location from which you move an image. To move an
image, you must pick a source point and a destination
point.
speckles Spots of color or stray pixels in an image that result from
scanning errors.
stripped Encoding method for TIFF files. Breaks up image data into
strips for quicker processing.
switch To move from one window or viewport to another. Also,
characters you can enter on the command line to specify
settings for a command or program.
Threshold A CAD Overlay command to convert images.
Example: When you use the Threshold command on a
color image, CAD Overlay first converts the image to
grayscale, and then uses the grayscale value to create the
binary image. The grayscale value is obtained by adding
the values of the red, green, and blue channels in an
image and dividing the value by three. If you want more
control over which grayscale value CAD Overlay uses to
create the grayscale, you can convert the color image to
grayscale first, and then use the Threshold command on
the grayscale image.
threshold The threshold function converts grayscale or color images
function to high-contrast black-and-white (binary) images.
thumbnail A miniature representation of an image that can greatly
increase the speed at which you can preview the image in
the CAD Overlay Insert Image dialog box, the Histogram
dialog box, and the AutoCAD Image Adjust dialog box. A
thumbnail is saved in the image file. A thumbnail can be
created for only those image formats that allow a preview
to be embedded in the image file.
tiled Encoding method for TIFF files. Breaks the image data
into rectangular, tiled regions for quicker processing.
toggle To switch between two options, usually by pressing a
single button.
Example: The CAD Overlay Toggle command changes the
visibility of the image frame.
158 | Glossary
transparency One selected color in an image. In binary images, the
color transparency color is always the background color. In
color images, you can choose the transparency color. For
a selected image, you can make all pixels of a specified
color transparent. Also, any time you use a Rub command,
the rubbed area is displayed in the transparency color.
Unload Images A CAD Overlay option on the Image Mask Properties tab.
Unloads from memory the images that are outside the
mask boundary.
vector A mathematical object with precise direction and length,
but without specific location. Vector data is stored as
X,Y,Z coordinates that form points, lines, areas, and
volumes. It is used to store discrete, well-defined data that
can be delimited. Compare with raster.
Example: In CAD Overlay, the image frames are vector
entities, which means that you can move the image to
another layer.
vectorization CAD Overlay commands used to manually convert a
tools binary raster arc, circle, line, or rectangle to its equivalent
vector object. Also called VTools.
vectorize Converting a binary raster image to vector data. You can
use the CAD Overlay VTools commands to vectorize a
raster image.
VTools Remove A setting that controls what happens to the underlying
Setting raster entity when a VTools command is used to vectorize
the raster entity. Depending on the setting you choose,
the raster entity can be rubbed or REM deleted.
world file A file that stores correlation information about an image,
such as scale, rotation, and insertion point.
Example: When you export an image using the Export
command, you can create a world file for the image that you
can use to correlate the image in another drawing or
software program. The world file is an ASCII file you can
view using Notepad. Mapping programs require world files.
Write A CAD Overlay export option. Writes a correlation file
Correlation and chooses the correlation file type to create from the
correlation output type list.
Glossary | 159
X, Y, and Z Any of a set of numbers used to specify the location of a
coordinates point on a line, on a surface, or in space.
Example: Enter the X, Y, and Z AutoCAD coordinates to
define the lower-left corner of the new image.
160 | Glossary
Index
A CAD Overlay (continued)

active image, 46 menu commands, 21
authorization codes menus, 115
definition, 119 new features, 4
Authorization wizard news group, 16
Begin page, 120 preference settings, 20
authorizing reauthorizing , 124
CAD Overlay, 120–121 registering software, 120
AutoCAD reinstalling
editing commands, 27 and license authorization, 123
FILEDIA variable, 41 restoring on lab computers, 123
imaging commands, 27, 29 starting the program, 19
multiple installations, 112 system requirements, 18
running with CAD Overlay, 19 toolbar commands, 26
Autodesk License Manager (AdLM) uninstalling
protocols for communicating with, 131 and license authorization, 123
AutoRub, 66 unlocked, 108
using command line, 26
B Web home page, 16
working with, 19
backing up the c_dilla folder, 123 CAD Overlay Portable License Utility, 121,
Begin page (Authorization wizard), 120
124–130
binary images disabling help screens at start-up, 130
choosing foreground color, 49
displaying version information, 130
definition, 7 Export tab, 125
despeckling, 64
Import tab, 128
making transparent, 49, 51 Options tab, 130
snapping to, 88
specifying a language for, 130
transparency color, 50 CD-ROM
vectorizing with VTools, 92
international, 108
binary raster data, definition, 9 United States and Canada, 108
bitonal images See binary images
client deployment, installation, 107, 113
boundary See frame color
foreground of binary images, 49
C REM selection, 21
CAD Overlay rub and crop, 66
authorizing, 120 –121 transparency, 51
definition, 4 color images
icons, 114 adjusting appearance with histogram, 59
Image menu commands, 138 making a color transparent, 49 , 51
installing See installation removing raster data by rubbing, 67
locked, 108
161
commands editing images (continued)
AutoCAD imaging commands, 27, 29 filters, 62
CAD Overlay commands, 137 histogram, 59 , 60
CAD Overlay toolbar, 26 REM, 72
command line, 26 , 138 rubbing and cropping, 66
Image menu, 22 editing REM objects, 84
communication protocols elastic transformation, rubbersheeting, 56
for networks, 131 email, authorizing CAD Overlay via , 120
computer pool enhanced bitonal region object, REM , 73 , 76
adding a computer, 126 connected entity selection, 80
computer pools (for sharing licenses), 124 fence selection, 79
adding computers to, 126 polygon selection, 78
transferring pool information with selection options, 77
licenses, 128 smart selection, 81
computers window selection, 77
avoiding license errors when Export tab (Portable License Utility), 125
updating/installing, 122 Export Type Selection dialog box , 128
components used in identifying license Exporting dialog box, 127
rights, 121 Exporting dialog box (licenses), 127
restoring CAD Overlay on lab exporting images, 42
computers, 123 exporting licenses, 126–128
configuration of CAD Overlay, 20
converting F
color and grayscale to binary, 60 fax, authorizing CAD Overlay by, 120
color to grayscale, 60 fax, authorizing CAD Overlay via , 120
image to a different format, 41, 42 file systems, 111
raster to vector, 92 FILEDIA variable, 41
coordinate system, Insertion Page, 40 files
correlating images, 42, 56 correlation, 42, 56
rubbersheeting , 56 program, 112
Correlation dialog box, using, 37 transfer files, 125
correlation files, 56 filters for editing , 62
creating, 42 floating licensing, 118, 120
inserting images, 28 folders (directories)
sources, 38 license folder (c_dilla folder), 122, 123
values, 39 formats, supported, 134
Correlation Wizard , 37 frame
crop assigning color and layer, 8
definition, 66 selecting, 65
transparency color, 66
custom installation, 112 G
customizing
AutoCAD profile, 115 GeoTIFF, 135
grayscale images
menus, 115
adjusting appearance with histogram, 59
making a color transparent, 49, 51
D removing raster data by rubbing, 67
deskew, 63 smoothing or sharpening, 65
despeckle, 64 grayscale, definition, 7
despeckling images, 62
directory H
installation, 112
Help
DVIEW command , 30
accessing online Help, 12
accessing tutorials, 15
E printing entire file, 14
editing images histogram, 60
AutoCAD commands, 27 filter, 59
162 | Index
I installation (continued)
icons, CAD Overlay, 114 sharing network data, 110
IMAGE command, AutoCAD , 28 single-user, 104
Image menu commands, 138 system requirements, 109
images installing
attaching, 28 computers, avoiding license errors, 122
brightness and contrast, 60 Internet, authorizing CAD Overlay via, 120
changing properties, 48 Internet, inserting images from, 36
converting, 41, 42, 60, 92 inverting images, 62
correlating, 42, 56
Correlation Wizard , 37 L
creating new, 34 lab computers, restoring CAD Overlay on, 123
display order, 46 license errors, 122 , 124
displaying data about, 46 avoiding, 122, 122 –124
editing filter, 59 installing computers, 122
editing with histogram, 60 restoring CAD Overlay on lab
editing with Rub and Crop commands, 66 computers, 123
enhancing, 60 , 62 system clock, 122
exporting, 42 updating computers, 122
inserting , 28 , 35 , 38 reauthorization requirements, 124
inserting from Internet, 36 running CAD Overlay after receiving, 124
managing, 28, 29 , 46 license folder (c_dilla folder), 122
masking , 52 backing up, 123
merging, 68 license manager, definition, 119
merging with REM objects, 86 license server
moving, 56 registering, 120
Quick Insert, 37 license status (individual), 125
removing raster areas, 66 license transfers, 124
rubbersheeting , 56 licenses
saving, 31, 41 assignment of, 131
selecting, 65 computer components used in identifying
selecting active image, 46 rights, 121
supported formats, 134 exporting, 126–128
vectorizing with VTools, 92 importing, 128 –129
zooming to, 46 transferring, 124, 126–129
imaging commands, AutoCAD , 27 validity, 121
Import tab (Portable License Utility), 128 viewing status, 125
importing licenses, 128 –129 licenses (individual), 124
importing licenses (individual), 128 c_dilla folder, 121
initializing CAD Overlay, 19 errors, 124
inserting images, 28, 35 exporting, 126
Correlation dialog box, 37 Exporting dialog box, 127
correlation files, 28 importing, 128
correlation sources, 38 license folder, 122
Correlation Wizard , 37 machine codes, 125
from Internet, 36 motherboard BIOS, 121
Quick Insert, 37 Pool Information box, 130
Show Frames Only option, 37 reinstalling CAD Overlay and, 123
Insertion Page, 40 system clock, 122
installation, 104 Transfer Code option, 128, 129
client deployment, 107 transfer codes, 125
configuration requirements, 111 Transfer File option, 128, 129
directories, 112 transfer files, 125
network, 105, 113 Transfer Pool Information with
network deployment, 106 File option, 128
program files, 112 transferring, 126
recommendations, 111 uninstalling CAD Overlay and, 123
Index | 163
licenses (individual) (continued) option settings in CAD Overlay, 20
updating computer components and, 122 option settings in CADOverlay
licensing image masks, 21
flexible, 118 memory, 21
floating, 119 new images, 21
from a license server, 118 REM objects, 21
from a local computer, 118 vector merge, 21
single-user, 118 Options tab (Portable License Utility), 130
terminology, 119
licensing CAD Overlay on networks, 131 P
loading CAD Overlay menus, 115 pixels
locking image files on a network, 110 changing values, 60
definition, 7
M making transparent, 51
Machine Identification Code box, 128 removing, 66
mail (post), authorizing CAD Overlay via, 120 plastic transformation, rubbersheeting, 56
mail, authorizing CAD Overlay by, 120 Pool Information box, 130
maintaining link to image, 43 Portable License Utility, 124
managing images See images computer pool, 126
mask, creating, 52 Export tab, 125
matching images, 56 Import tab, 128
menus, accessing commands, 21, 115 language, 130
Image menu, 22 post (mail), authorizing CAD Overlay via, 120
loading, 115 post, authorizing CAD Overlay by, 120
merging images, 68 preferences
merging REM objects with images, 86 settings in CAD Overlay, 20
merging vector, 87 primitive objects, REM , 82
mirroring images, 62 program files, where to install, 112
mouse button function
CAD Overlay, 21 Q
moving images, 56 Quick Insert, 37
N R
network raster
file locking, 110 data, 9
installing programs on, 118 definition, 7
requirements, 110 editing, 59, 66
sharing data, 110, 118 entities, 9
terminology, 119 file locking, 110
network administrator, 105, 106 pens, 87
login in Windows NT, 111 snapping to, 88
network communication protocols, 131 raster entity manipulation See REM
network installation, 105 , 107, 113 raster images, 9
network deployment, 106, 114 editing with REM objects, 84
network protocols, 131 from REM objects, 86
networks raster snap modes, 88
communication protocols, 131 read-only formats, 41
licensing CAD Overlay on, 131 reauthorizing CAD Overlay, 124
nonortho images, 49 reference material, 14
REGEN, 30
O region objects, REM, 73, 75
Object Snaps, 30 registering software, 120
online Help reinstalling CAD Overlay
accessing, 12 and license authorization, 123
printing entire file, 14 REM (raster entity manipulation), 72
tutorials, 15
164 | Index
REM objects, 72 transfer codes, 125
AutoCAD editing commands, 84 transferring licenses with, 128, 129
converting to raster image, 86 transfer files, 125
editing raster images, 84 transferring licenses with, 128, 129
enhanced bitonal region, 73, 76 , 77 transferring pool information with, 128
merging with images, 86 transfer files (license), 125
primitive, 74, 82 transferring licenses, 124, 126 –129
region, 73, 74 transparency color, 51
resource files, CAD Overlay, 42, 56 binary images, 50
restoring CAD Overlay on lab computers, 123 tutorials, accessing, 15
rotating images, 56
rub U
definition, 66 UCS, rotating, 30
transparency color, 66 UNDO command, 30
rubbersheeting , 56 limits, 29
uninstalling
S CAD Overlay
saving images, 41 and license authorization, 123
scaling images, 56 unique directory
selecting images, 65 definition, 119
Shift + Left-click Image Select, 65
shortcut menu, editing REM objects, 84 V
Show Frames Only option, 37 vector
shrinking images, rubbersheeting, 56 definition, 8
single-user installation, 104 merging, 87
single-user licensing, 118, 120 vectorizing
snap modes definition, 9
object, 30 with VTools, 92
raster, 88 virtual memory, 111
speckles VTools
removing, 64 rub setting, 21
starting CAD Overlay, 19 using to vectorize raster entities, 92
stretching images, rubbersheeting, 56
swap file, 111 W
system clock, 122
Web home page, CAD Overlay, 16
and license errors, 122
Windows 95
system requirements, CAD Overlay, 18, 109
setting up as a license server, 118
network, 110
Windows NT
installing as administrator, 111
T setting up as a license server, 118
target computer, 126 world files, 42, 56
technical support, 16
terminology, network, 119 X
toolbars
xrefs, 29
CAD Overlay, 26
Index | 165
166

CAD Overlay2i GSG

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■ New features in this release

What’s New in CAD Overlay

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4 | Chapter 1 Welcome to CAD Overlay 2000i

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What’s New in CAD Overlay | 5

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Bitonal Filters You can filter the entire image or a sub-region of

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6 | Chapter 1 Welcome to CAD Overlay 2000i

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CAD Overlay Basics | 7

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Key Concepts: CAD Overlay Basics

8 | Chapter 1 Welcome to CAD Overlay 2000i

When to Use CAD Overlay

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CAD Overlay Basics | 9

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10 | Chapter 1 Welcome to CAD Overlay 2000i

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How to Use the Documentation

Getting Started Guide

How to Use the Documentation | 11

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