Amorphous calcium phosphate

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Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is a substance used as a dental treatment to treat incipient dental decay by remineralization. Calcium and phosphate are
natural building blocks of teeth. Also the ACP is used with dentinal hypersensitivity after procedures such as dental bleaching or professional dental cleaning to
help block the dentinal tubules. In addition, clinical studies have shown that patients who whiten their teeth have some fadeback after treatment.
[1]
But most importantly, amorphous calcium phosphate will help in restoring the necessary mineral balance in the mouth in an easy and efficient way rather than
treating the dental decay by restorations. In comparison to fluoride for remineralization, it lacks toxicity in any form and costs are low compared to the
alternative of restoration. It is found in many forms such as pastes and varnishes and rinses.
Contents
1 Method of mineralization
2 See also
3 References
4 External links
Method of mineralization
ACP is unique among all forms of calcium phosphates in that it lacks long-range, periodic atomic scale order of crystalline calcium phosphates. The X-ray
diffraction pattern is broad and diffuse with a maximum at 25 degree 2 theta, and no other different features compared with well-crystallized hydroxyapatite.
Under electron microscopy, its morphological form is shown as small spheroidal particles in the scale of tenths nanometer. In aqueous media, ACP is easily
transformed into crystalline phases such as octacalcium phosphate and apatite due to the growing of microcrystalline. It has been demonstrated that ACP has
better osteoconductivity and biodegradability than tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite in vivo.
[2]
Moreover, it can increase alkaline phosphatase activities of mesoblasts, enhance cell proliferation and promote cell adhesion. The unique role of ACP during the
formation of mineralized tissues makes it a promising candidate material for tissue repair and regeneration. ACP may also be a potential remineralizing agent in
dental applications. Recently developed ACP-filled bioactive composites are believed to be effective anti-demineralizing/remineralizing agents for the
preservation and repair of tooth structures.
[3]
Amorphous calcium phosphate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_calcium_phosphate
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See also
Remineralisation of teeth
References
^ Van Haywood B. Dentine hypersensitivity: bleaching and restorative considerations for successful management. International Dental Journal (2002) 52, 376384. 1.
^ Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3143077/) 2.
^ Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3143077/) 3.
External links
Mapping amorphous calcium phosphate transformation into crystalline mineral from the cell to the bone in zebrafish fin rays (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851957/)
Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3143077/)
American Dental Association at http://www.ada.org/sections/newsAndEvents/pdfs/19-using_acp_to_prevent_ecc-tung_b.pdf
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Amorphous calcium phosphate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_calcium_phosphate
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