ASM E B31.

4-2006 PIPELlNE TRANSPO RTATlO N SYSTEM S FO R

LlQ UID HYDRO CARBO NS AND O THER lIQ UIDS
Qptionat weld
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Option.t weld
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GENERAL NO TE: Since fluid pressure is exerted
on both sides of pipe metal under tee, the pipe
metal does not provide reinforcement.
GENERAL NO TE: Provide hole in reinforcement to
revealleakage in buried welds and to provide
venting during welding and heat treatment Isee
para. 404.3.1(d)(B)). Not required for tee type.
SI..v. Typ.
T.. Typ.
Qptional weld
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Qptionel weld
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Saddle .nd SI.n. Type
s.dd.. Type
GENERAL NO TE: If the encircling m em ber fer tee, sleeve, or saddle type is thicker than the header and its ends
are to be welded to the header, the ends shall be cham fered (at approxim ately 45 deg) down to a thickness not
in excess of the header thickness.
Fig. 404.3.1(C)(1) Welding Details lor Openings With Complete Enelrclement Types 01 Reinlorcement
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PIPElINE TRANSPORTATlONSYSTEM S FO R
lIQ UID HYDRO CARBO NS AND O THER lIQ UIDS
ASM E B31.4.2006
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Hueler
Header
Pod
Branch
BrBnch IW,
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-- --
Same as Fig. 404.3.1(c)(3)
o.
H88der
Header
S8ddl.
"'b -
"'h-
N -
M - namln.1 wall thlcknen 01 piel reinforcement
member
nomln.1 WlII thlcknes. 01 sadelle Bt bnmch enel
nominal WlII thicknes. 01 saddle .t heleler enel
1/16 in. (1.5 mm) IminJ.1/8 In. 13 mm) {max.l(unleu
back welded or backing .trip l. usecU
Tb - nominal waU thlcknes, of branch
Th .
W, (min.) -
W2
(max.)
-
W2
(m in.) -
W3 (max.)
-
W3
(min.) ,.
W4 {min.! ,.
nominal wall thlckneu of header
the .maller 01 Tb .M.or 3/8 in. (10 mm)
approx. T
h
thesmellerof 0.7
Th'
0.7 M, or 1/2 in. (13 mm)
approx.
Th
the ,maller 010.7
Th'
0.7 Mh. or 1/2 in. 113 mm)
the ,meller of TI).
Mb'
or 3/8 in. (10 mm)
GENERAL NO TES:
(a)
AU welds are to have equalleg dimensions and a minimum throat equal to 0.707 x leg dimension.
(b) If the reinforcing member is thicker at its edge than the header, the edge shall be chamfered (at approximately 45 deg)
down to a thickness such that leg dimensions of the fillet weld shall be within the minimum and maximum dimensions
specified above.
(c) A hole shall be provided in reinforcement to revealleakage in buried welds and to provide venting during welding and
heat treatment [see para. 404.3.1 (d)(8)].
Fig. 404.3.1(c)(2) Welding Details for Openings With Localized Type Reinforcement
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M ore than 25%
25% or less Through 50% M ore Than 50%
(4) (4) (4)(5)
(2)(3) (2) (1)
(2)(3) (2) (1)
ASM E B31.4-2006 PIPEUNE TRANSPO RTATIO N SYSTEM S FO R
UQ UID HYO RO CARBO NS ANO O THER UQ UIDS
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Header
nominal wall thickneh of header
nominal waU thickneh of branch
the smaller of
Th'
Tb or 3/8 in. (10 mm)
1/16 in. (1.5 mm) (min.), lIB in. (3 mm) (max.)
unleu back welded or backing strip is used
GENERALNO TE: W hen a welding saddle is used, it sha!l be inserted over this type of connection. See Fig. 404.3.I(c)(2).
Th -
T. -
W1
(minJ
-
N -
Fig. 404.3.1(C)(3) Welding Oetails for Openings Without Reinforeement Other Than That in Header and
Branch Walls
Table 404.3.1(c) Oesign Criteria for Welded Branch Conneclions
Ratio of O iam eter of Hole Cut for Branch Connection to Nom inal
Header Diam eter
Ratio of Design Hoop
Stress to Specfied
M in. Yield Strength
of the Header
20% or less
M ore than 20%
through 50%
M ore than 50%
be welded to the header, the ends shall be chamfered
(at approximately 45 deg) down to a thickness not in
excess of the header thickness, and continuous fillet
welds shall be made. Pads, partial saddles, or other types
of localized reinforcements are prohibited.
(2) The reinforcement member may be of the com-
plete encirclement type [see Fig. 404.3.I(c)(I)], pad or
saddle type [see Fig. 404.3.I(c)(2)], or welding outlet
fitting type. Where attached to the header by fillet weld-
ing, the edges of the reinforcem ent m em ber shall be
cham fered (at approxim ately 45 deg) down to a thick-
ness not in excess of the header thickness. The diam eter
of the hole cut in the header pipe for a branch connection
shall not exceed the outside diam eter of the branch con-
nection by m ore than ~ in. (6 m m ).
(3) Reinforcem ent for branch connections with hole
cut NPS 2 or smaller is not required [see Fig. 404.3.I(c)(3)
for typical detailsJ; however, care shall be taken to pro-
vide suitable protection against vibrations and other
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external forees to which these small branch connections
are frequently subjected.
(4) Reinforcement of opening is not mandatory;
however, reinforcement m ay be required for cases
involving pressure over 100 psi (7 bar), thin wall pipe,
or severe externalloads.
(5) If a reinforcement member is required, and the
branch diameter is such that a localized type of reinforee-
ment member would extend around more than half the
circurnference of the header, then a complete encircle-
ment type of reinforcement rnember shall be used,
regardless of the design hoop stress, or a smoothly con-
toured wrought steel tee or cross of proven design or
extruded header may be used.
(6) The reinforcement shall be designed in accor-
dance with para. 404.3.I(d).
(d) Reinforcement of Single Openings
(1) When welded branch connections are made to
pipe in the form of a single connection, or in a header
18
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