This document provides information on drugs used for pulmonary disorders including:
1. Bronchodilators like albuterol are used to relieve bronchospasm and symptoms of asthma and COPD by relaxing smooth muscles in the respiratory tract and blood vessels.
2. Inhaled steroids like budesonide are used to prevent and treat asthma by decreasing inflammation in the airways.
3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists like montelukast work by blocking the production of leukotrienes which are substances that cause inflammation and constriction of the airways. They are used for prevention and long-term treatment of asthma.
4. Lung surfactants
Description originale:
Matrix guide of pulmonary drugs for nursing pharmacolocy
This document provides information on drugs used for pulmonary disorders including:
1. Bronchodilators like albuterol are used to relieve bronchospasm and symptoms of asthma and COPD by relaxing smooth muscles in the respiratory tract and blood vessels.
2. Inhaled steroids like budesonide are used to prevent and treat asthma by decreasing inflammation in the airways.
3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists like montelukast work by blocking the production of leukotrienes which are substances that cause inflammation and constriction of the airways. They are used for prevention and long-term treatment of asthma.
4. Lung surfactants
Droits d'auteur :
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Formats disponibles
Téléchargez comme DOC, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
This document provides information on drugs used for pulmonary disorders including:
1. Bronchodilators like albuterol are used to relieve bronchospasm and symptoms of asthma and COPD by relaxing smooth muscles in the respiratory tract and blood vessels.
2. Inhaled steroids like budesonide are used to prevent and treat asthma by decreasing inflammation in the airways.
3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists like montelukast work by blocking the production of leukotrienes which are substances that cause inflammation and constriction of the airways. They are used for prevention and long-term treatment of asthma.
4. Lung surfactants
Droits d'auteur :
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Formats disponibles
Téléchargez comme DOC, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
CLASSIFICATION/DRUG INDICATIONS ACTIONS ADVERSE EFFECTS CONTRAINDICATIONS DRUG - DRUG
Bronchodilators, -Symptomatic relief or prevent Direct effect on smooth muscles of GI, N/V/D, insomnia, irritability, GI, ulcer, renal, hapatic, coronary, Many - metab in liver; Antiasthmatics, bronchial asthma resp. tract in bronchi + blood headache, tachycardia, seizure, alcoholism, hyperthyroidism. ↓dose Xanthines -Reversal of bronchospasm of COPD. vessels. Inhibits release of SRSA & confusion, brain damage, even Narrow margin. Therap. serum level= theophylline histamine. death. 10-20. Nicotine-↑dosage (Theo-Dur, Slo-bid - Acute asthma attack Beta2 selective adrenergic agonists Sympathomimetic stimulation Depend on the severity of the General anesthetics -Treatment & prevention of in the bronchi. CNS stimulation underlying condition. Sympathomimetics Bronchospasm. Bronchodilation (vasoconstriction) GI upset, cardiac arrhythmias, HTN, Cardiac disease, vascular disease, Albuterol - Prevention of exercise-induced asthma ↓renal & blood flow bronchospasm, sweating, pallor, and arrhythmias, diabetes, (Proventil) (use 30-60 mins before exercising) ↑ Heart Rate flushing hyperthyroidism, -Rescue inhaler, ↑ respiratory rate + depth -Pts > 2 yrs. ↑ blood pressure If HTN, can not be on Anticholinergics Maintenance treatment of COPD, -Block vagally mediated reflexes by dizziness, headache, GI, fatigue, Peanut allergy, Dry mouth Anticholinergics Ipratropium bronchospasm & emphysema. antagonizing the action of nervousness, dry mouth, sore Any condition aggravated by (Atrovent) Not as effective, but pts w/ HTN can acetylcholine throat, cough, palpitations, and anticholinergic effect.Glaucoma, HTN, use. -Dilate bronchi.“Quiets down” urinary retention. Enlarged Prostrate (BPH) Inhaled Steroids -Prevent & treat asthma; ↓the inflammatory response in the Sore throat, hoarseness, coughing, Not for emergency use. Taper withdrawal Budesonide -Treat chronic steroid-depend airway; this action will ↑ air flow dry mouth, Irritability, headache, Pregnacy & Lactation (Pulmicort) bronchial asthma and facilitate respiration in a narrow rebound congestion, epistaxis, local Respiratory infections Triamcinolone -adjunct therapy for pts not controlled airway. infection Steroid effect NDX: Absorbed in resp. tract. (Azmacort) by traditional bronchodilators. Takes 2-3 weeks for effect Risk forinjury r/t immunosuppression Singulair: Prophylaxis and chronic Selectively and competitively block headache, hepatic or renal impairment propranolol, Leukotriene Receptor treatment of bronchial asthma & (Singulair) or antagonize (Zyfko) dizziness, Pregnacy & Lactation theophylline, Antoagonists patients < 12yrs. receptors for the production of myalgia, terfenadine, or warfarin: (Blockers) Zyflo: Prophylaxis and chronic leukotrienes N/V/D, calcium channel blockers, Montelukast treatment of bronchial asthma in abdominal pain, cyclosporine, or aspirin; (Singulair) patients ≥12 yr old Rapidly absorbed in GI tract. generalized pain, decreased dosage of zileuton Only for prevention & long-term use; Take on empty stomach fever,. either drug may be (Zyflo) not emergency. ↑liver enzymes concentrations, necessary. -Rescue treatment of infants who have Replaces the surfactant that is Patent ductus arteriosus, infection Emergency drugs have no Lung Surfactants (RDS); missing in infants with RDS. intraventricular hemorrhage, contraindications; will die w/out. Beractant Acts immediately in trachea. Metab. hypotension, bradycardia, sepsis, -Prophylactic treatment of infants at in lungs. pneumothorax, pulmonary air leak, high risk for development of RDS (Babies stay on until they make their pulmonary hemorrhage, apnea, -Treatment of severe bronchial Inhibits the allergen-triggered Headache, Allergy Isoprterenol asthma; release of histamine, SRSA, and dizziness, nausea, sore throat, Pregnancy (Sympathimetic) -Prevention of exercise-induced leukotrienes from mast cells; dysuria, cough, nasal congestion Mast Cell Stabilizers asthma decreases the overall allergic Cromolyn -Allergic rhinitis response in the airways (Intal) Release substances & It is inhaled from a capsule and may bronchoconstrictive not reach its peak effect for 1 week