WCDMA RNO Access Problem Analysis Guidance

Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.
Product Version Confidential level

V100R001
For internal use only
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WC!" R#' "ccess Pro(lem
"nal)sis *uidance
+or internal use onl)
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WCDMA RNO Access Problem Analysis Guidance For internal use only
Revision Record
ate Revision
version
Change escri&tion "uthor
2003!00" !#00 First dra$t com%leted &iao An'ian(
2003!0!) 2#00 Revision based on comments &iao An'ian(
2003!!!! 3#00 Revision based on revie* comments &iao An'ian(
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 2 + ,otal 3-
,able o$ Contents
!Fore*ord #####################################################################################################################################################.
2Access Problem Analysis Process#################################################################################################################.
2#!Pre%aration be$ore Analysis#####################################################################################################################.
2#2Access Problem Analysis Met/ods##########################################################################################################0
2#2#! ,ra$$ic 1tatistics Data Analysis#########################################################################################################"
2#2#2 1i(nalin( Flo* Analysis##################################################################################################################!0
2#2#3 2'ui%ment Analysis#########################################################################################################################!-
2#2#) Covera(e Analysis###########################################################################################################################22
2#2#3 Po*er Control 4n$ormation Analysis###############################################################################################22
2#2#. Access Al(orit/m Parameter Analysis############################################################################################23
2#2#0 52 C/aracteristics Analysis############################################################################################################2.
3Analysis o$ Command Reasons $or Access Problems################################################################################2.
3#!Net*or6 Reasons###################################################################################################################################2.
3#!#! Dead 1%ot in 1i(nal Covera(e#########################################################################################################2.
3#!#2 ,oo 1tron( 5%lin6 and Do*nlin6 4nter$erence 1i(nals 27ist#########################################################20
3#!#3 Access Problems Caused by Cell 8oad###########################################################################################20
3#2Radio Parameter 1ettin(s#######################################################################################################################2"
3#2#! ,oo 9i(/ 1ettin(s o$ :'ualmin and :r7levmin#############################################################################2"
3#2#2 4m%ro%er 1ettin(s o$ Access ,/res/old###########################################################################################2"
3#2#3 4na%%ro%riate 1ettin( o$ Preamble Po*er Ram% 1te% and Retransmission ,imes#########################2-
3#2#) 4na%%ro%riate 1ettin( o$ Ad;acent Cells##########################################################################################30
3#2#3 4na%%ro%riate 1ettin( o$ 1ync/roni<ation Parameters####################################################################30
3#2#. Over8o* Po*er Allocation Ratio $or Common C/annel##############################################################3!
3#2#0 Over8o* 4nitial Po*er o$ 5%lin6 and Do*nlin6 Dedicated C/annel##########################################32
3#2#" Overlo* 1ettin( o$ 5%lin6 4nitial 14R ,ar(et =alue o$ Dedicated C/annel##################################32
3#32'ui%ment Reasons################################################################################################################################33
3#3#! 4nsu$$icient RAN Device >oard 1ources########################################################################################33
3#3#2 Abnormality o$ 2'ui%ment Cloc6###################################################################################################33
3#)Data Con$i(uration Cause######################################################################################################################33
3#)#! 4nsu$$icient 45> >and*idt/ Resource############################################################################################33
3#)#2 PA,9 4D and N1AP Address Con$i(uration 2rror o$ AA82PA,9################################################3)
3#)#3 4nconsistent Number o$ AA82PA,9s across 45?45> 4nter$ace#####################################################33
3#3Ot/er Reasons########################################################################################################################################33
3#3#! 4nsu$$icient 52 Access Class @ACA#################################################################################################33
3#3#2 4nconsistent 1ecurity Data o$ 52+ RNC and CN############################################################################3.
3#3#3 52 not Re(istered in 98R##############################################################################################################30
)Outstandin( 4ssues######################################################################################################################################30
8ist o$ ,ables
,able ! Common C/annel Po*er Allocation Ratio###############################################################################3!
,able 2 Over/ead Pro%ortion $or 2ac/ 8ayer on 45> 4nter$ace###########################################################3)
8ist Fi(ures
Fi(ure ! ,ra$$ic 1tatistics Analysis Flo*##################################################################################################-
Fi(ure 2 1c/ematic Dia(ram o$ Radio 8ayer 1i(nalin(#########################################################################!!
Fi(ure 3 1c/ematic dia(ram o$ trans%ort net*or6 layer si(nalin( analysis###########################################!2
Fi(ure ) 1in(le 5ser Fault 8ocation ,ool###############################################################################################!3
Fi(ure 3 1i(nalin( Flo* $or RRC 1etu% in 2ac/ 8ayer o$ Dedicated C/annel#####################################!)
Fi(ure . Problem Analysis Flo* o$ RRC 1etu% in Dedicated C/annel#################################################!3
Fi(ure 0 52 Air 4nter$ace Messa(e ,racin(############################################################################################!0
Fi(ure " Access Problem Caused by Covera(e Restriction####################################################################2)
Fi(ure - Normal Access Process#############################################################################################################23
Fi(ure !0 52 Aut/entication and 1ecurity Mode Process########################################################################3.
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e ) + ,otal 3-
WCDMA RNP Access Problem Analysis Guidance
2e) wordB access %rocess+ %roblem analysis+ cell searc/in(+ cell selection and reselection+ random access
"(stractB ,/is document analy<es and describes t/e (eneral ste%s o$ identi$yin( access %roblems $rom t/e
%oint o$ vie* o$ access stratum @A1A+ t/en analy<es t/e usual causes o$ access %roblems and
%resents t/e solutions#
8ist o$ abbreviationsB Omitted
1 +oreword
4n WCDMA net*or6 o%eration+ lo* call setu% rate and di$$icult access are t/e /ot com%laints $rom
subscribers+ as *ell as t/e direct re$lection o$ t/e 'uality o$ t/e radio net*or6# ,/is document analy<es
mainly t/e (eneral solution $lo* o$ access %roblems+ causes o$ access $ailure and t/e solution measures+ so
as to im%rove t/e call com%letion rate and t/e net*or6 'uality#
,/e to%ic o$ t/is document is access %rocess+ so t/e conce%t o$ Caccess %rocessD s/ould be made
understood $irst# From t/e *ireless %oint o$ vie*+ access %rocess consists o$ a series o$ %rocesses includin(
searc/in( net*or6 a$ter subscriber %o*eron+ random access+ RRC setu% and RA> setu%# From t/e end
user %oint o$ vie*+ access %rocess is t/e %rocess $rom dialin( to call com%letion# 4n t/is sense access
%rocess includes not only t/e *ireless access %rocess+ but also many %rocesses occurrin( in t/e $i7ed
net*or6# Radio net*or6 o%timi<ation cares mainly about t/e access %rocess at t/e *ireless side+ and
em%/asi<es on survey o$ cell searc/+ cell selection and reselection+ random access and RRC setu%+ */ic/
are also t/e em%/ases o$ t/is document#
,/e reason to ma6e suc/ consideration is t/at t/e radio %ort %er$ormances suc/ as net*or6 covera(e
are considered more durin( t/e net*or6 o%timi<ation %/ase# ,/e cell %ilot si(nals are measured *it/ 52 or
drive test e'ui%ment+ and 52 is observed to see */et/er it can *or6 normally in cell searc/in(+ selection
and reselection+ and */et/er is can initiate random access+ attac/ and location re(istration?u%date+ and
acce%t normal service o$ t/e net*or6+ so t/at Node> site ad;ustment @distance bet*een Node> sites+
a<imut/ and do*n tilt o$ antennas+ etc#A can be im%lemented# Com%ared *it/ RA> setu%+ t/e success rate
o$ RRC setu% can re$lect better t/e radio access %er$ormance+ because t/e %rocess o$ RRC connection
setu% is basically t/e %rocess o$ cell searc/in(+ selection and reselection+ initiation o$ random access+ etc#+
*/ic/ occur on t/e air inter$ace+ */ile t/e success rate o$ RA> setu% /as more relations *it/ t/e net*or6
$actors suc/ as e'ui%ment+ transmission+ etc#+ */ic/ are muc/ less li6ely to cause access %roblems#
/ "ccess Pro(lem "nal)sis Process
/.1 Pre&aration (efore "nal)sis
Pre%aration be$ore access %roblem analysis is to collect in$ormation about net*or6 as su$$icient as
%ossible be$ore analysis o$ net*or6 access %roblems+ so t/at t/e (oals o$ net*or6 o%timi<ation can be
e$$ectively identi$ied and di$$erent o%timi<ation strate(ies and (oals can be develo%ed $or di$$erent
covera(e areas and di$$erent a%%lication environments# ,/e %re%aration includesB
Get $amiliar *it/ t/e $irststa(e net*or6 %lannin(+ and obtain t/e documentation o$ t/e $irst
sta(e net*or6 %lannin(+ suc/ as %lannin( re%ort+ so as to establis/ a (eneral im%ression o$ t/e
net*or6 and $ind some obvious %roblems about t/e net*or6#
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e . + ,otal 3-
For t/e net*or6 in service+ it may /ave been o%timi<ed be$ore# All o%timi<ation /istory records
s/ould be obtained so as to 6no* all t/e ad;ustment %rocesses and %endin( %roblems be$ore t/e
commencement o$ t/e current o%timi<ation#
4$ t/e com%lete %lannin( re%ort+ ca%acity e7%ansion re%ort and o%timi<ation /istory records are
not available due to some reasons+ t/e latest reliable summary s/eet o$ t/e en(ineerin(
%arameters must be obtained t/rou(/ ot/er means# Cell %arameter con$i(uration s/eet can be
read online directly $rom t/e e'ui%ment con$i(uration data#
Obtain t/e net*or6 tra$$ic statistics and t/e subscriber com%laint in$ormation o$ access about t/e
access %roblems+ and t/e tra$$ic statistics in$ormation can be obtained t/rou(/ M2000#
Obtain t/e in$ormation about t/e radio %arameter con$i(uration+ */ic/ includes t/e ad;ustments
o$ t/e baseline %arameter issued by t/e relative version+ and */et/er t/e s%ecial al(orit/m @suc/
as DRDA is a%%lied#
C/ec6 */et/er t/e so$t*are and t/e /ard*are versions o$ t/e e'ui%ment are correct+ identi$y
*/et/er t/e versions o$ various Node>s and RNCs are consistent+ and ensure */et/er t/e entire
net*or6 version is consistent and */et/er all Node>s are usin( t/e same version includin(
%atc/ releases#
4n case o$ o%timi<ation be$ore t/e net*or6 is %ut into service+ identi$y */et/er dialin( test /as
been carried out a$ter eac/ Node> is %ut into service+ */et/er t/e bac6(round noise o$ t/e
Node>s /as been calibrated @calibrate t/e receivin( c/annel (ainA+ and */et/er t/e standin(
*ave ratio o$ t/e antennas /as been tested#
4n case o$ o%timi<ation be$ore t/e net*or6 is %ut into service+ c/ec6 t/e cloc6 o$ eac/ device o$
t/e system+ em%/asi<in( on c/ec6in( */et/er t/e cloc6 source o$ eac/ device is rational+ and
*/et/er t/ey are consistent *it/ t/e %lannin(+ and current cloc6 status# s
/./ "ccess Pro(lem "nal)sis !ethods
Access %rocess is t/e $irst ste% $or t/e 52 to interact *it/ t/e net*or6+ and t/e success o$ access
involves many $actors o$ various as%ects# ,/ere$ore+ */en an access %roblem occurs+ sometimes it is /ard
to $ind t/e cutin %oint to solve t/e %roblem# ,/e $ollo*in( are t/e (eneral met/ods o$ access %roblem
analysis+ */ic/ $ollo* t/e %rinci%le o$ easyto/ard se'uence lo*est involvement o$ /uman and material
resources# ,/rou(/ t/e analysis o$ tra$$ic statistics and si(nalin( $lo*+ *e can reduce t/e %roblems locatin(
ran(e+ and identi$y t/e ste% o$ access %rocess */ere t/e %roblems occurred# ,/en+ e7clude t/e e7ternal
$actors suc/ as e'ui%ment and covera(e at t/e $irststa(e o$ %roblem location t/rou(/ e'ui%ment analysis
and covera(e analysis+ so as to avoid doin( useless *or6# ,/en+ i$ necessary+ %roceed *it/ inde%t/
analysis on t/e %o*er control in$ormation+ access al(orit/m and t/e c/aracteristics o$ t/e 52 based on t/e
result o$ t/e abovementioned analyses until t/e %roblem is $inally solved# ,/e $ollo*in( analysis met/ods
$or access %roblems can be $le7ibly a%%lied durin( actual %roblem location %rocesses accordin( to t/e
actual conditions+ and it is unnecessary to stic6 to t/e orders#
2#2#! ,ra$$ic 1tatistics Data Analysis
C/ec6 RNC tra$$ic statistics data Ccallin( setu% success rateD# ,/e $ormula o$ t/e callin( setu%
success rate is as $ollo*sB
E !00 = ccRate RABSetupSu ccRate RRCSetupSu uccRate CallSetupS
W/ere+
E !00 =
ervices four QoS s ts in all RRC reques Number of
ervices four QoS s up in all RRCs set Number of
ccRate RRCSetupSu
E !00 =
ervices four QoS s ts in all RAB reques Number of
ervices four QoS s up in all RABs set Number of
ccRate RABSetupSu
4n t/e same *ay+ statistics o$ t/e callin( setu% success rate o$ eac/ :o1 can be im%lemented
res%ectively# ,/e si(n o$ RRC connection setu% success is t/e CRRC Connection 1etu% Com%leteD
messa(e# ,/ere$ore+ t/e RRC connection setu% success rate is calculated t/rou(/ statistics o$ t/e number
o$ t/e CRRC Connection 1etu% Com%leteD messa(es and t/e number o$ t/e CRRC Connection Re'uestD
messa(es# ,/e si(n o$ RA> assi(nment is t/e CRA> Assi(nmentD messa(e @t/e content o$ t/e messa(e is
RA> assi(nmentA# ,/ere$ore+ t/e RA> assi(nment success rate is calculated t/rou(/ t/e statistics o$ t/e
number o$ success$ul RA>s setu% in t/e CRA> Assi(nment Res%onseD messa(e and t/e number o$ CRA>
Assi(nment Re'uestD messa(es#
,/is inde7 statistics is celloriented and it re$lects t/e call setu% situation o$ t/e net*or6# 1tatistics
can be eit/er im%lemented to(et/er $or t/e $our :o1 services o$ Conversation+ 1treamin(+ 4nteractive and
>ac6(round+ or im%lemented res%ectively# Analysis o$ tra$$ic statistics data can (ive a rou(/ direction to
t/e solution o$ %roblems $rom t/e statistics %oint o$ vie*# Amon( tra$$ic statistics data+ in addition to t/e
%ro%ortion data+ t/e statistics t/e ori(inal counter data @i#e# t/e number o$ connection re'uest messa(es
received by RNC $rom RRCA s/ould also be em%/asi<ed# >esides+ *e s/ould be $amiliar *it/ t/e
corres%ondin( relations bet*een t/e ori(inal counter data and t/e %ro%ortion data+ t/e meanin(s o$ t/ese
data and t/e %osition o$ t/ese data in t/e setu% %rocess o$ si(nalin( service#
,/e callin( setu% success rate is obtained $rom t/e %roduct o$ RRC setu% success rate and RA> setu%
success rate# ,/is can be sim%li$ied durin( t/e actual tra$$ic statistics analysis %rocess# Namely+ RRC setu%
success rate and RA> setu% success rate can be analy<ed se%arately and even analysis s%eci$ic to
Conversation+ 1treamin(+ 4nteractive and >ac6(round can be %er$ormed se%arately# ,/rou(/ t/e analysis
on t/e tra$$ic statistics data related to RRC setu% and RA> setu%+ *e can locate t/e %ossible %arts o$ access
%rocess */ere %roblems /ave occurred and determine t/e direction $or $urt/er analyses# A$ter all+ tra$$ic
statistics analysis is an a%%ro7imation analysis met/od in t/e sense o$ statistics# ,ra$$ic statistics analysis o$
access %rocess is s/o* in Fi(ure ! #
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e " + ,otal 3-
Figure 1 Traffic Statistics Analysis Flow
RRC setu% success rate re$lects t/e subscriber call success rate o$ t/e net*or6 to a (reat e7tent+
because RRC setu% is closer to t/e radio inter$ace $rom t/e access %oint o$ vie*+ and t/e %robability o$
e7ce%tions is /i(/er t/an t/at o$ RA># RRC setu% success rate may /ave t*o o%%osite be/aviors in tra$$ic
statisticsB one is t/at tra$$ic statistics s/o*s /i(/ access rate+ but t/e subscribers still com%lain about access
di$$iculty# ,/is is because t/e access %rocess $ailed be$ore RRC CONN2C, R2:521, is sent# 4$ CRRC
CONN2C, R2:521,D is added durin( creation o$ a %er$ormance statistics tas6+ t/is value *ill be $ound
muc/ smaller t/an t/e normal statistics value @or t/e e7%erience valueA# ,/e reason is t/at tra$$ic statistics
cannot re$lect t/is situation *it/ t/e inde7 o$ RRC setu% success rate i$ 5,RAN /as not received RRC
setu% re'uest messa(e+ but it only su%%orts 'uery o$ t/e statistics inde7 o$ t/e number o$ RRC connection
re'uest messa(es# 4n t/is case+ mainly analy<e suc/ %rocesses as cell searc/in( be$ore RRC connection
setu%+ cell selection and reselection+ and random access#
,/e ot/er be/avior is lo* RRC setu% success rate+ */ic/ re$lects truly t/e %roblem o$ access
di$$iculty# 4n t/is case+ it is not certain t/at t/e access $ailure occurs a$ter RRC connection setu%# CNumber
o$ RRC CONN2C, R2:521, messa(esD s/ould be c/ec6ed# 4$ it is muc/ lo*er t/an t/e normal statistics
value+ $actors be$ore RRC connection setu% s/ould be consideredF i$ it is a%%ro7imately t/e normal
statistics value+ it is time to em%/asi<e on analy<in( t/e $lo* a$ter 5,RAN received t/e RRC CONN2C,
R2:521, messa(e#
,/e 6ey %rocess o$ RA> setu% is R> setu% @/avin( air inter$ace messa(e interc/an(e *it/ 52A#
W/en analy<in( R> setu% success rate+ *e analy<e t/e RA> setu% success rate as t/e main %oint+ because
t/e ot/er %rocesses e7ce%t R> setu% mainly include messa(e interc/an(e t/rou(/ (round inter$ace and
*it/in t/e e'ui%ment# ,/e $ormula o$ R> setu% is as $ollo*s# 4$ R> setu% success rate is /i(/ */ile RA>
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e - + ,otal 3-
setu% success rate is lo*+ c/ec6 t/e e'ui%ment condition and t/e trans%ort layer con$i(uration o$ t/e
(round inter$ace#
Amon( accessrelated tra$$ic statistics data+ in addition to RRC setu% success rate and RA> setu%
success rate and related ori(inal counter data+ ot/er statistics data related to RRC and RA> can also be
analy<ed+ $or e7am%le+ t/e ratio o$ RRC and RA> setu% $ailure because o$ con(estion# 4$ t/e con(estion
ratio is /i(/+ it means t/at t/e cell is overloaded# For detailed descri%tions+ re$er to t/e relevant document
about tra$$ic statistics indices+ HUAWEI 3 WC!"A #AR$% #erformance "ana&ement In'ices ( RNC)
2#2#2 1i(nalin( Flo* Analysis
,/e $ailed %art o$ t/e entire access %rocess can be vie*ed directly t/rou(/ si(nalin( $lo*# ,/rou(/
si(nalin( $lo* analysis+ most access %roblems can be solved+ includin( restricted do*nlin6 ca%acity# ,/e
analysis ste%s o$ si(nalin( $lo* basically $ollo*s t/e Cto% layer bottom layer+ e7terior to interior+ and
control %lane to user %laneD %rinci%le# C,o% layer to bottom layerD re$ers to analy<in( si(nalin( o$ 83+ 82+
%/ysical layer and trans%ort layer+ layer by layer# NA1 si(nalin( is trans%arently transmitted+ and it s/ould
be traced and analy<ed in t/e core net*or6# C27terior to interiorD re$ers to analy<in( t/e standard inter$ace
si(nalin( $irst+ and i$ it is im%ossible to obtain su$$icient in$ormation t/rou(/ standard inter$ace si(nalin(
analysis+ it is necessary to analy<e interboard si(nalin( and boardmodule si(nalin( *it/in t/e e'ui%ment#
2#2#2#! 4denti$yin( abnormality o$ si(nalin( $lo* on standard si(nalin( inter$ace
,/ere are t/ree observation %oints $or access %roblem analysisB monitorin( bac6(round o$ 52+
maintenance console o$ Node> and RNC# 1ince RNC basically includes all t/e ot/er accessside standard
inter$aces+ t/e actual o%eration mainly includes observation and analysis o$ RNC si(nalin(# ,/ere are only
t*o cases o$ abnormalityB @!A a $ailure messa(e is received a$ter t/e re'uest messa(e is sent+ and @2A no
re'uest messa(e or res%onse messa(e is received# ,/us t/e direction o$ %roblem location can be
determined+ and t/e ran(e o$ %roblem location can be reduced#
4$ a $ailure messa(e is received a$ter t/e 83 re'uest messa(e is sent+ *e can be sure t/at no %roblem
is *it/ t/e bottom layer transmission @it is %ossible t/at transmission error codes /ave caused t/e A1N# !
decodin( error+ */ic/ /ard occurs+ and /as not occurred till no*A# ,/e cause is eit/er t/e *ron(ly $illed
re'uest messa(e t/at /as been received+ or t/e abnormal %rocessin( o$ t/e receiver#
4n case o$ $ailure to receive a re'uest messa(e or a res%onse messa(e+ t/ere are t*o %ossibilities# One
is t/at t/e sender /as $ailed to send t/e messa(es+ */ic/ is %ossibly due to abnormalities o$ internal %rocess
o$ t/e sender# ,/e ot/er %ossibility is t/at t/e messa(e %ac6et /as been lost durin( t/e transmission
%rocess# For e7am%le+ i$ RRC CONN2C, R2:521, messa(e /as not been received+ one o$ t/e %ossible
reasons may be t/at 52 /as $ailed to send t/e messa(e+ and t/is can be observed $rom 52 bac6(round
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e !0 + ,otal 3-
es equest tim RB setup r
es uccess tim RB setup s
e uccess rat RB setup s =
%rintin( and messa(eF anot/er %ossible reason may be %oc6et loss due to Node> decodin( error or %ac6et
loss due to 45> inter$ace @can be observed *it/ a net*or6 /a*6A#
2#2#2#2 Analysis o$ standard si(nalin( o$ radio net*or6 layer
Radio net*or6 si(nalin( includes si(nalin( o$ $our standard inter$aces o$ 55+ 45 45> and 45R#
W/en an abnormality occurs in t/e si(nalin( $lo*+ o%en t/e messa(e %ac6et traced on t/e maintenance
console and c/ec6 t/e relevant 42s in t/e messa(e $or abnormal value assi(nment# 2s%ecially */en one
%arty in messa(e interaction received a $ailure messa(e or a re;ect messa(e+ t/e cause value o$ $ailure can
be obtained directly t/rou(/ messa(e resolution+ so as to %re%are $or t/e subse'uent location ste%s# As
s/o*n in Fi(ure 3+ in t/e R8 12,5P R2:521, messa(e+ t/e de$ault value o$ t/e u%lin6 initial sir tar(et
/as been al*ays 0d>+ */ic/ causes outo$sync o$ 52 durin( t/e access %rocess# ,/e reason is t/at t/e out
loo% %o*er control la(s be/ind t/at o$ t/e in loo% %o*er control+ and in t/is too lo* a 14R settin( durin(
t/is %eriod o$ time *ill cause a lo* emission %o*er o$ 52 u%lin6 dedicated c/annel+ resultin( in u%lin6
outo$sync#
Figure 2 Schematic Diagram of Radio Layer Signaling
2#2#2#3 Analysis o$ 1tandard 1i(nalin( o$ ,rans%ort Net*or6 8ayer
,rans%ort net*or6 layer si(nalin( includes 1AA8 and A8CAP si(nalin( tracin( o$ t/e 45> inter$ace+
and 1AA8+ A8CAP+ M,P3> and 1CCP si(nalin( tracin( o$ t/e 45 and 45R inter$aces# 4$ a $ault occurs in
t/e trans%ort net*or6 layer+ $or e7am%le+ AA82 C9ANNA8 setu% $ailure+ t/e trans%ort layer si(nalin( can
be traced $or analysis# As s/o*n in Fi(ure 3+ t/e 21,A>8419 R2:521, messa(e o$ A8CAP on t/e 45>
inter$ace is traced# ,/e NA1P address at t/e Node> end is
O73-02030)030.000"0-000-0"000.030)03020!00# 4$ t/e NA1P addresses at bot/ sides are not
consistent durin( data ne(otiation bet*een RNC and Node>+ AA82 C9ANNA8 setu% $ailure *ill occur+
and RNC *ill send RRC CONN2C, R2&2C, messa(e to 52+ *it/ t/e cause value bein( 5N1P2C4F42D#
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e !! + ,otal 3-
1imilarly+ i$ su$$icient si(nalin( cannot be obtained t/rou(/ radio net*or6 si(nalin( analysis+ t/e $ollo*in(
trans%ort net*or6 layer s/ould be analy<ed#
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of transport network layer signaling analysis
2#2#2#) 4nternal 1i(nalin( Flo* Analysis
4$ t/e %roblem cannot be solved by si(nalin( analysis o$ radio layer and trans%ort layer+ internal
messa(e $lo* analysis s/ould be considered# ,/e main content is internal messa(e $lo* tracin( and
%rintin( analysis# For t/e internal $lo* o$ RNC callin(+ re$er to t/e document RR *lo+ ,--,-./0) #R1)
,/is met/od is not recommended in e7istin( net*or6s+ because once internal tracin( and %rintin( is
enabled+ t/e con(estion o$ t/e internal messa(e c/annel *ill occur+ resultin( e7%ected $ailures o$ t/e
e'ui%ment#
4nternal messa(e $lo* analysis can be conducted $or bot/ RNC and Node> by means o$ t/e
debu((in( console or serial %ort# For t/e s%eci$ic met/ods re$er to WC!"A No'eB 2/--R--, Al&orit3m
Subs4stem !ebu&&in& Console User5s "anual6 $or RNC+ re$er to 7nline Help for WC!"A RNC $est
Console $ransparent "essa&es) Moreover+ $or RNC+ a CDR tool @sin(le user $ault tracin(A /as been
develo%ed recently+ */ic/ can trace all in$ormation about t/e s%eci$ied 52+ includin( standard inter$ace
messa(es+ internal messa(es+ %rimitives bet*een 82 and 83 and all t/e %rinted in$ormation about t/e
s%eci$ied 52 @includin( t/e location in$ormation o$ user %lane and si(nalin( %laneA+ as s/o*n in Fi(ure .#
Figure Single !ser Fault Location Tool
2#2#2#3 RRC Connection 1etu% 1i(nalin( Analysis Process
RRC setu% is an im%ort issue in access %rocess o%timi<ation# ,/e si(nalin( $lo* o$ RRC setu% in
eac/ layer o$ t/e dedicated c/annel is s/o*n in Fi(ure 3# RRC setu% covers t/e interaction o$ RRC+ N>AP+
:#AA82 and FP %rotocols+ and t/e $ailure o$ a sin(le %art *ill lead to t/e $ailure o$ t/e entire %rocess#
UE NODEB MSC
RRC RRC
NBAP NBAP
NBAP NBAP
Q.AAL2 Q.AAL2
Q.AAL2 Q.AAL2
DCH-FP DCH-FP
DCH-FP DCH-FP
RRC RRC
RRC RRC
NBAP NBAP
RRC CONNECT REQUEST
RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST
RADIO LINK SETUP RESPONSE
ESTABLISTH REQUEST
ESTABLISH CONFIRM
RADIO LINK RESTORE
RRC CONNECT SETUP
RRC CONNECT SETUP COMPLETE
DOWNLINK SYNCHRONISATION
UPLINK SYNCHRONISATION
Figure " Signaling Flow for RR# Setup in $ach Layer of Dedicated
#hannel
For RRC setu% in dedicated c/annel+ + accordin( to t/e si(nalin( $lo* s/o*n in Fi(ure 3+ %roblem
analysis can be %er$ormed in t/e $ollo*in( ste%s+ as s/o*n in Fi(ure .# 1ite en(ineers can locate t/e rou(/
ran(e o$ t/e %roblem and collect t/e relevant onsite location in$ormation accordin( to t/e $lo* c/art# 4$ it
is necessary to ma6e inde%t/ location on t/e site+ re$er to WC!"A E8pert roup9 WC!"A S4stem
#roblem :ocation "anuel9 ,--3-/-, E'ition)
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e !) + ,otal 3-
Figure % &ro'lem Analysis Flow of RR# Setup in Dedicated #hannel
!RNC $ails to receive RRC CONN2C, R2:521, messa(esB ,/rou(/ 55 inter$ace tracin( o$
RNC+ no RRC connect re'uest messa(e is $ound# Firstly+ c/ec6 *it/ net*or6 /a*6 */et/er t/e
RRC connect re'uest messa(e /as been sent to t/e 45> inter$ace# 4$ it is $ound+ analy<e */et/er
t/e %roblem is *it/ cell searc/+ random access or due to Node> internal abnormality# ,/is can be
located *it/ t/e /el% o$ 52 bac6(round %rint and Node> debu((in( consoleF i$ an RRC connect
re'uest messa(e a%%ears on t/e 45> inter$ace+ it is %ossibly because o$ %oc6et loss on t/e 45>
inter$ace or RNC internal abnormal %rocessin(# C/ec6 %oc6et loss on t/e 45> inter$ace *it/
net*or6 /a*6F $or t/e abnormal RNC internal %rocessin(+ vie* t/e RNC alarm subsystem+ board
serial %ort %rintin(+ board o%eration lo( and internal messa(e tracin(#
2Radio lin6 setu% $ailureB 4t is not li6ely to occur# 9o*ever+ i$ it occurs+ a %ossible reason is t/e
internal abnormality o$ RNC or Node># =ie* t/e alarm subsystem and %er$orm radio lin6 to
establis/ messa(e resolution# 4$ it is necessary to ma6e an inde%t/ location+ t/e internal $lo* can
be located by usin( t/e debu((in( console o$ RNC and Node>#
3AA82 lin6 setu% $ailure o$ bearer air inter$ace si(nalin(B C/ec6 t/e data con$i(uration o$
AA82PA,9 o$ RNC and Node>+ em%/asi<in( on =P4?=C4 o$ AA82PA,9+ A,M address o$
Node>+ A882PA,9 4D+ P=C $lo* and ty%e+ AA82PA,9 band*idt/ and C4D consum%tion#
)DC9 FP sync/roni<ation $ailureB ,/e transmission c/annel o$ DC9 FP is sync/roni<ed t/rou(/
t/e interaction o$ t/e u%lin6 and t/e do*nlin6 sync/roni<ation $rames# Observe t/ese t*o control
$rames on t/e 45> inter$ace *it/ net*or6 /a*6# 4$ DC9 FP sync/roni<ation $ails+ t/e %ossible
reasons include inconsistent AA82PA,9 con$i(uration at t/e bot/ sides+ too lon( 45> inter$ace
delay or e'ui%ment cloc6 abnormality# ,/ese reasons can be c/ec6ed one by one#
352 $ails to receive RRC CONN2C, 12,5P messa(eB C/ec6 $rom RNC+ $ollo*in( t/e se'uence
o$ 55 inter$ace tracin( o$ RNC+ 45> inter$ace @*it/ net*or6 /a*6A+ AA82 lin6 o$ 45>
inter$ace+ 2!?,! status and Node> %rocessin(+ to locate t/e %roblem#
.RNC $ails to receive RRC CONN2C, 12,5P COMP82,2 messa(eB Re$er to 1ection 2rrorB
Re$erence source not $ound+ 1i(nalin( Analysis Cases#
0RNC $ails to receive R8 R21,OR2 messa(eB 4$ RNC $ails to receive t/e R8 R21,OR2 messa(e
*it/in a certain %eriod o$ time+ Node> u%lin6 sync/roni<ation is considered to /ave $ailed+ and
RNC *ill initiate lin6 removal# C/ec6 */et/er t/e con$i(uration o$ u%lin6 sync/roni<ation
%arameters suc/ as NG4N1HNCG4ND+ NGO5,1HNCG4ND and ,GR8FA485R2 are reasonable#
2#2#2#. 1i(nalin( Analysis Cases
P/enomenonB RNC $ails to receive t/e RRC CONN2C, 12,5P COMP82,2 messa(e $rom 520#
For RRC connection setu% in t/e dedicated c/annel+ t/e RRC CONN2C, COMP82,2 messa(e is
t/e $irst messa(e o$ u%lin6 DPC9# W/et/er t/is messa(e is received success$ully or not is t/e si(n o$
success$ul setu% o$ u%lin6 DPC9 and t/e transmission 'uality# C/ec6 */et/er 52 /as received t/e RRC
Connect 1etu% messa(e and */et/er t/e RRC Connect 1etu% Com%lete messa(e /as been sent out by
vie*in( t/e %rinted in$ormation and messa(e tracin( o$ 52# ,/e 52 o$ >ei;in( Researc/ 4nstitute o$
9ua*ei /as t/e abovementioned observation %oints+ and t/e N2C 52 needs to be observed *it/ its
dedicated maintenance tool @i$ N2C 52 is $aulty+ t/e 52 o$ >ei;in( Researc/ 4nstitute o$ 9ua*ei can be
used $or %roblem locationA#
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e !. + ,otal 3-
4$ RNC $ails to receive t/e RRC CONN2C, 12,5P COMP82,2 messa(e $rom 52+ t/ere are t/ree
%ossible reasonsB 52 $ails to send t/e messa(e+ t/e messa(e is lost durin( transmission+ and 52 $ails to
receive RRC CONN2C, 12,5P#
52 $ails to send t/e RRC Connect 1etu% Com%lete messa(e#
8ocation ste%sB
,/ere are t*o *ays to identi$y */et/er 52 /as received t/e RRC CONNC2, 12,5P messa(eB
!A C/ec6 */et/er t/e %rinted in$ormation is available on t/e 9y%er,erminal indicatin( t/at t/e RRC
CONN2C, 12,5P messa(e /as been received# 4$ suc/ in$ormation is not available+ t/e 12,5P messa(e
/as not been received#
O%en t/e air inter$ace messa(e re%orted by RRC+ and c/ec6 t/e RRC CONN2C,4ON R2: messa(e
is $ollo*ed by t/e RRC CONN2C,4ON 12,5P messa(e# 4$ so+ c/ec6 */et/er t/e 52 4Ds o$ t/ese t*o
messa(es are consistent# 4$ t/ey are not consistent+ t/e 12,5P messa(e /as not been received @A$ter
receivin( t/e air inter$ace messa(e+ 52 *ill re%ort to t/e bac6(round $irst be$ore it %rocesses t/e messa(e+
so t/e 12,5P messa(e seen at t/e bac6(round is not necessarily $rom t/is 52# 4t is necessary to com%are
t/e 52 4Ds $or con$irmationA#
,/e air inter$ace messa(e re%orted by RRC is as t/e $ollo*sB
Figure ( !$ Air )nterface *essage Tracing
2A A$ter 52 receives t/e 12,5P messa(e+ it releases R>0 @random access c/annelA+ starts %o*er
control a$ter t/e com%letion o$ release be$ore t/e %rotection timer times out+ and %roceeds *it/ establis/in(
do*nlin6 dedicated c/annel @con$i(uration o$ radio lin6 and transmission c/annel and MACA# A$ter RRC
receives all t/e con$i(uration %rimitives o$ eac/ layer be$ore t/e %rotection timer times out+ it starts t/e
,3!2 timer+ and sto%s t/is timer a$ter it receives N3!2 CP9HG1HNCG4ND %rimitives be$ore t/e ,3!2
timer times out# ,/en it starts establis/in( u%lin6 dedicated c/annel @radio lin6A and con$i(ures R8C @R>!
R>)A# A$ter RRC receives all t/e con$i(uration %rimitives o$ eac/ layer be$ore t/e %rotection timer times
out+ it starts measurement+ con$i(ures t/e ma7imum transmit %o*er o$ t/e 52+ and starts t/e 1R> D28AH
timer @*aitin( $or Node> to %er$orm u%lin6 sync/roni<ationA# 4t sends t/e RRC CONN2C,4ON 12,5P
COMP82,2 messa(e a$ter t/e 1R> D28AH timer times out#
4n eac/ con$i(uration sta(e+ i$ RRC $ails to receive all t/e con$i(uration %rimitives o$ eac/ layer
be$ore t/e %rotection timer times out+ 52 *ill $ail to send out t/e RRC CONN2C,4ON 12,5P
COMP82,2 messa(e# Mainly t/e %rimitives $or instance creation+ con$i(uration and release sent by R8C+
MAC and t/e %/ysical layer are involved# ,/e most common situation is t/at RRC $ails to receive N3!2
CP9HG1HNCG4ND %rimitives @indicatin( do*nlin6 sync/roni<ation $ailureA */en t/e ,3!2 timer times
out+ and t/is causes 52Is $ailure to send t/e RRC CONN2C,4ON 12,5P COMP82,2 messa(e# 4n case
o$ sync/roni<ation $ailure+ *e can enable CPo*er Control 4n$ormation Dis%layD o$ 52 bac6(round to
observe t/e measured values o$ do*nlin6 R114 and 14R# 4$ R114 is smaller t/an !00d>m and t/e
measured value o$ 14R /as been all t/e time lo*er t/an t/e tar(et value o$ 1ir+ c/ec6 */et/er t/e settin(
ran(e o$ Node> transmit %o*er is correct @observe t/rou(/ t/e radio lin6 setu% messa(e o$ 4ubA# Note t/at
corres%ondin( o%tions in CDis%lay 1ettin(D s/ould be set be$ore t/e in$ormation can be dis%layed#
Pac6et loss caused by abnormality in Node>
C/ec6 t/e relevant statistics in$ormation o$ demodulatin( D1P and decodin( D1P t/rou(/ t/e Node>
debu((in( console+ and identi$y */et/er Node> /as received data %ac6ets at t/e ne* u%lin6 DPDC9 or
*/et/er t/e %ac6ets received are all *ron( ones# For detailed o%eration+ re$er to t/e /el% document o$
Node> debu((in( console#
Pac6et loss on t/e 45> inter$ace
,/e RRC CONN2C, 12,5P COMP82,2 messa(e may /ave been lost on t/e 45> inter$ace+ */ic/
can be analy<ed $rom lo*er layers to u%%er layers @2!JA,MJFPA#
C/ec6 */et/er t/ere is an 2! alarm $irst by vie*in( */et/er t/ere is C2! si(nal loss alarmD in alarm
subsystem+ and t/en e7ecute D1P 2!,! at RNC maintenance console to c/ec6 t/e corres%ondin( 2! state
o$ AA82PA,9# 4n case o$ 2! lin6 disconnection+ carry out loo%bac6 o%eration res%ectively at t/e RNC
and Node> ends+ t/rou(/ */ic/ t/e %roblem can be basically located in RNC+ Node> or transmission#
>ottom layer transmission is %robably im%lemented in t/e 4MA (rou% mode# 4n t/is case+ c/ec6 t/at t/e
4MA (rou% numbers at bot/ ends o$ eac/ 2! in t/e 4MA (rou% are consistent#
4$ 2!s are in normal state+ c/ec6 */et/er AA82PA,9 o$ t/e A,M layer is in normal state+ and c/ec6
t/e state o$ PA,9 *it/ t/e MM8 command CD1P AA82PA,9D+ *it/ PA,9 4D+ NA1P address+ 2! lin6
No# and P=C as t/e ma;or %oints to c/ec6#
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e !" + ,otal 3-
4$ t/ere is no abnormality in AA82PA,9+ c/ec6 t/e FP layer in user %lane o$ 45># Pac6et loss o$ FP
layer *ill %robably occur due to e7%iration time# For more about e7%iration time+ re$er to relevant
documents#
RNC receives t/e RRC CONN2C, 12,5P COMP82,2 messa(e a$ter timeout#
,/e timer times out 3 seconds a$ter RNC stats to *ait $or a messa(e# C/ec6 t/e timer settin( *it/ t/e
MM8 command C81, 1,A,2,4M2RD# 4$ t/e con$i(uration is im%ro%er+ revise it *it/ MOD
1,A,2,4M2R# Con$irm t/e timeout event t/rou(/ t/e %rinted in$ormation o$ RNC 1P5 board# 4n
addition+ too muc/ 52 %rintin( or too muc/ Node> main control %rintin( may also cause t/is %roblem# 4n
t/is case+ disable t/e %rintin( $unction#
2#2#3 2'ui%ment Analysis
Obtain t/e (eneral in$ormation about net*or6 e'ui%ment o%eration by vie*in( t/e alarm
in$ormation o$ RNC+ Node>+ 5M1C and 1G1N+ vie*in( e'ui%ment o%eration lo(s and runnin(
corres%ondin( MM8 command $or automatic test o$ t/e e'ui%ment# ,/e e'ui%ment analysis %rocess is
e'uivalent to a %rocess o$ %redia(nosis to e7clude any %roblem about e'ui%ment t/at may in$luence
access+ so as to avoid doin( useless *or6 in t/e conse'uent %roblem location %rocess and avoidin( *astin(
lots o$ /uman and material resources# As e'ui%ment analysis can *or6 t*ice t/e result *it/ /al$ t/e e$$ort
in t/e actual %roblem location %rocess+ so it is necessary at t/e early sta(e o$ %roblem location# For
instance+ detailed %rinted in$ormation o$ abnormality o$ RNC is available in t/e o%eration lo(#
,/e o%eration lo( o$ RNC is in t/e directory o$ >1C."00K8oadDataKFam8o(K# ,/e $ile name $ormat
is as $ollo*sB FN8OGyyyymmdd//nnss#lo(# FNB $rame No#+ t*odi(it numeral strin(F yyyyB yearF mmB
mont/F ddB dateF //B /ourF nnB minuteF ssB second# ,/e abovementioned time re$ers to t/e moment */en
t/e lo( us u%loaded# 4$ t/ere is no $ile t/at is a$ter t/e abovementioned time+ t/e lo( bu$$er area is %robably
not $ull+ and lo( $iles can be u%loaded by means o$ t/e MM8 command $or u%loadin( lo( $iles# @58D
8OGF482B FN L $rame No#A#
Alarm in$ormation can be e7%orted# O%en t/e alarm *indo*+ select t/e alarm to be saved and save it
*it/ anot/er nameF or run t/e command Ce7% tbldataD to e7%ort t/e alarm in$ormation to t/e directory
>1C."00?F,P# Alarms t/at a$$ect access mainly include transmission alarms o$ t/e carrier si(nalin(
@2!?,!+ 1AA8+ NCP?CCP+ M,P3>+ internal 4PC and AA82PA,9A and e'ui%ment alarms @cloc6+ CP5+
D1P+ etc#A# 4$ suc/ alarms occur+ $ind out t/e causes and eliminate t/ese alarms t/orou(/ly#
Run t/e MM8 command ,1, 1H1 $or e'ui%ment automatic test# ,/e system can automatically
detect e'ui%ment $aults o$ t/e trans%ort layer and lin6 $ault o$ trans%ort si(nalin( layer# ,/e contents o$ t/e
sel$dia(nosis are as $ollo*sB board status and subsystem status dia(nosisF board autotest results
dia(nosisF board cloc6 state dia(nosisF WM5M?WFMR board tem%erature dia(nosisF trans%ort layer lin6
dia(nosis *it/in?bet*een WR>1 $ramesF trans%ort layer lin6 dia(nosis bet*een WR>1 $rame and WR11
$rameF D1P+ 9P4 and ,DM dia(nosis o$ WFMR boardF RFN statusF internal P=C con$i(uration# 4$ t/e sel$
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e !- + ,otal 3-
dia(nosis $unction is success$ully enabled+ a$ter a certain %eriod o$ time+ t/e dia(nosis results *ill be
re%orted and saved in t/e te7t $ormat under t/e directory o$ C>1C."00 installationK8OADDA,AK
WR>1FADD o$ t/e >AM# 4$ 8M, and >AM are se%arated+ 'uery t/e in$ormation t/rou(/ F,P Client o$
o%eration and maintenance system on t/e 8M,# ,/e namin( rule o$ t/e dia(nosis result $iles is C$rame No#
N FADR2158, N year mont/ date /our minuteD# For instance+ t/e dia(nosis result $ile
CWR>10!FADR2158,2002!!0!!0)-#,M,D means t/e te7t $ile o$ $ault dia(nosis $or WR>1 $rame !
re%orted at !0B)-+ November !+ 2002# No* ta6e t/e dia(nosis result analysis $or 1ubsystem 0 o$ 1P5
board o$ 1lot !0 in Frame 3 as an e7am%leB
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO>OARD 1P5!0 D4AGNO12 >2G4NOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
P
Q1P5!0B@>oard 2nableAR
??>oard is normal
S
>oard 1el$,est Dia(nose
P
Q1P5!0 1ub1ystem0B@C/i% 1el$,est OTAR
Q1P5!0 1ub1ystem!B@C/i% 1el$,est OTAR
??>oard c/i% sel$test is normal
S
>oard Cloc6 1tatus Dia(nose
P
Q1P5!0 Cl6 1tatusB@Cloc6 "T OTAR
??Cloc6 status normal
S
CP5 5sa(e Dia(nose
P
Q1P5!0 C%u No0B @33EAR
Q1P5!0 C%u No!B @!3EAR
?? Current CP5 usa(e o$ t*o subsystems
S
4ntra ControlPlane 4PC 1tatus Dia(nose
P
Q1rc1ub1ystem@!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@! +0AB @Dest1ub1ystem AbsentAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@3 +0AB @OTAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@3 +0AB @Dest1ub1ystem AbsentAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@- +0AB @Dest1ub1ystem AbsentAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@!3+0AB @Dest1ub1ystem AbsentAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@!3+0AB @Dest1ub1ystem AbsentAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@!0+!AB @OTAR
??,/e 4PC c/annels bet*een 1P5 board to FMR+ M42 and M5M o$ t/is $rame is normalF t/e reason
$or t/e abnormality is t/at t/e board is not %lu((ed
S
4nter 1P51P5 4PC 1tatus Dia(nose
P
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@! +!0+0AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@! +!0+!AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@) +!0+0AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@) +!0+!AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
??,/e 4PC c/annels bet*een 1P5 o$ Frame 3 and 1P5s o$ Frame ! and Frame ) are not t/rou(/
because Frame ! and Frame ) are not con$i(ured#
S
4nter 1P59P5 4PC 1tatus Dia(nose
P
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@2 +!+!AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@2 +!+2AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@2 +2+!AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@2 +2+2AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@2 +3+!AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 2! + ,otal 3-
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@2 +3+2AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@2 +)+!AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
Q1rc1ub1ystem@3+!0+0A UJ Dest1ub1ystem@2 +)+2AB@Dia(nose FailVAR
??Communication bet*een 1P5 o$ Frame 3 and 9P5 o$ Frame 2 is not available because 9P5 o$
Frame 2 is not in %osition#
S
,/e document o$ common met/ods $or Node> =!#3 e'ui%ment analysis /as not been out%utted till
no*+ so related contents are to be su%%lemented#
2#2#) Covera(e Analysis
Access di$$iculties caused by covera(e %roblems are $re'uently seen# Covera(e absence+ s/aded area
and border o$ t/e net*or6 are t/e areas */ere access $ailure occurs usually# Per$orm t/e %ilot covera(e test
on t/ose areas *it/ im%er$ect access success rate+ and record t/e distribution o$ R1CP and 2c?4o o$ t/e
%ilot c/annel *it/ drive test e'ui%ment 20)0.A under t/e conditions o$ di$$erent services and di$$erent
loads# Furt/ermore+ because covera(e is closely related to ca%acity+ covera(e absence *ill %robably /a%%en
at cell border i$ t/e cell load increases# ,/ere$ore durin( t/e actual covera(e test+ select a /i(/load time
se(ment o$ a cell as t/e test time se(ment @re$er to tra$$ic statistics dataA+ or %er$orm do*nlin6 OCN1 test
*it/ simulated load in a time se(ment */en t/e user tra$$ic is lo*#
4$ covera(e absence e7ists in t/e test area+ consider t/e ma;or net*or6 en(ineerin( %arameters
@a<imut/+ do*ntilt+ /ei(/t+ etc#A+ micro cells or re%eatersF in case o$ indoor a%%lication+ it is necessary to
carry out indoor covera(e desi(n#
2#2#3 Po*er Control 4n$ormation Analysis
,/e access %rocess o$ 52 involves o%en loo%+ inner loo% and outer loo% %o*er control#
O%en loo% %o*er controlB t/e %reamble initial %o*er o$ t/e 52 at PRAC9 can be observed at 52
bac6(roundF
PreambleG4nitialGPo*er L PCP4C9GD8G,7GPo*er CP4C9GR1CP N 58G4nter$erence N Const
=alue
4nitial transmit %o*er o$ 52 at u%lin6 DPCC9F
DPCC9G4nitialG%o*er L DPCC9GPo*erGo$$set CP4C9GR1CP+ DPCC9GPo*erGo$$set is
con$i(ured by RNC#
4nitial transmit %o*er o$ 5,RAN at do*nlin6 DPCC9F
PL2c?4ore'CP4C9G2c?4o N P%c%ic/
PreambleG4nitialGPo*er /as in$luences on random access+ and t/e initial transmit %o*er o$ dedicated
c/annels /as in$luences on u%lin6 and do*nlin6 sync/roni<ation o$ radio lin6s# 4$ it is too lo*+ t/e
sync/roni<ation *ill $ail#
4nner loo% %o*er controlB Control o$ t/e transmit %o*ers o$ Node> and 52 t/rou(/ t/e tar(et values
o$ u%lin6 and do*nlin6 14R# We can vie* t/e 52 transmit %o*er+ 52 receivin( %o*er+ u%lin6 and
do*nlin6 ,PC values+ and do*nlin6 test 14R and tar(et 14R emulation# Mainly c/ec6 */et/er 52 transmit
%o*er is $ull+ */et/er t/e u%lin6 ,PC is saturated and */et/er t/e receivin( %o*er o$ 52 is lo*#
Furt/ermore+ u%lin6 and do*nlin6 ,PC values+ u%lin6 test 14R and tar(et 14R emulation can also be
observed on t/e Node> debu((in( console# W/en establis/in( u%lin6 and do*nlin6 dedicated c/annels+
%ay attention to t/e settin( o$ t/e initial 14R tar(et value+ because t/ere is a delay o$ outer loo% %o*er
control com%ared *it/ inner loo% %o*er control+ and too lo* an initial 14R tar(et value *ill lead to lin6
outo$sync/roni<ation#
Outer loo% %o*er controlB Control o$ t/e transmit %o*er o$ Node> and 52 by correctin( 14R tar(et
value# Currently+ t/e >82R tar(et value o$ si(nalin( is !E#
9ere is an e7am%le o$ 52 access $ailure a$ter covera(e restriction# As s/o*n in t/e dia(ram belo*+
call dro% occurs */en t/e code transmit %o*er o$ Node> and 52 u%lin6 transmit %o*er re'uested by
u%lin6 ,PC bot/ reac/ t/e ma7imum value+ */ic/ occurs at t/e cell border or in case o$ covera(e absence#
9o*ever+ a$ter call dro%+ 52 *ill conduct cell searc/ and residin(+ read t/e system broadcast in$ormation+
initiate random access and im%lement location u%date# As s/o*n belo*+ 52 cannot obtain t/e com%lete
in$ormation because o$ covera(e restriction+ and it is re%eatedly readin( t/e in$ormation *it/out bein( able
to (et accessed#
Figure + Access &ro'lem #aused 'y #o,erage Restriction
A$ter com%arin( t/e drive test results *it/ %lannin( results o$ t/e %ilot covera(e+ it is $ound t/at t/is
%osition is out o$ t/e %lannin( area# ,/ere$ore+ */en (ettin( into t/e covered area+ 52 %er$orms cell
residin(+ receives system in$ormation broadcast a(ain normally and initiate location u%date+ as s/o*n
belo*#
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 2) + ,otal 3-
Figure - .ormal Access &rocess
2#2#. Access Al(orit/m Parameter Analysis
Analy<e */et/er t/e relevant al(orit/m %arameters are a%%ro%riate+ and ad;ustment %ro%erly under a
certain %recondition+ and t/e %recondition is t/at you must 6no* very *ell t/ese %arameters# ,/e $ollo*in(
are %arameters t/at s/ould be %aid attention to in eac/ %/ase o$ t/e access %rocess# For t/e meanin( o$ eac/
%arameter+ re$er to 1ection 3#2#
Cell selectionB minimum 'uality criterion @:'ualminA+ minimum receivin( level @:r7levminAF
Random accessB Preamble t/res/old o$ random access @Preamble,/res/old+ s/o*n in common
c/annel setu% re'uest o$ 45> inter$aceA+ constant value used in calculation o$ t/e initial transmit %o*er o$
random access @Constant=alueA+ %reamble %o*er ram% ste% @Po*erRam%1te%A+ ma7imum %reamble
retransmission times @PreambleRetransMa7A+ %o*er o$$set bet*een t/e %reamble and messa(e control %arts
@Po*erO$$setP%mA+ %o*er allocation ratio $or t/e common c/annel @A4C9 %o*erA+ and access %reamble
test t/res/oldF
RRC setu% in dedicated c/annelB u%lin6 sync/roni<ation and outo$sync/roni<ation %arameters
@NG4N1HNCG4ND+ NGO5,1HNCG4ND and ,GR8FA485R2A+ do*nlin6 sync/roni<ation and outo$
sync/roni<ation %arameters @,3!2+ N3!2+ ,3!3+ N3!3 and N3!3A+ si(nalin( *aitin( timer @t/e de$ault
value is 3 secondsA+ u%lin6 initial 14R ,ARG2,+ and DPCC9G%o*erGo$$set#
,/e %arameters above /ave de$ault values at t/e issue o$ t/e version+ and t/e de$ault values can be
ad;usted a%%ro%riately in t/e access %roblem location %rocess# W/en ad;ustin( one %arameter+ %ay attention
to t/e in$luence on ot/er relevant %arameters + and consider t/e balance amon( t/e %arameters# For
e7am%le+ t/e %reamble %o*er ram% ste%+ t/e ma7imum %reamble retransmission times t/e sync/roni<ation
counter and timer are interrelated *it/ one anot/er#
2#2#0 52 C/aracteristics Analysis
52 c/aracteristics /ave im%ortant relations *it/ net*or6 access %er$ormance# For t/e same net*or6+
t/e access %er$ormance o$ 52s $rom di$$erent manu$acturers may be di$$erent# Accordin( to inte(rated test
and 4O, test+ t/e di$$erences o$ 52 %er$ormances includeB /ard*are %er$ormance di$$erence+ al(orit/m
im%lementation di$$erence and di$$erence in %rotocol su%%ort# 4$ an access %roblem is related to 52 o$ a
certain brand or ty%e+ t/e 52 c/aracteristics s/ould be analy<ed#
For instance+ letIs com%are t/e 52 o$ >ei;in( 4nstitute o$ 9ua*ei *it/ t/e 52 o$ N2C# 1ince t/e 52
o$ >ei;in( 4nstitute o$ 9ua*ei is a test 52+ its various %er$ormances are better t/an t/ose o$ N2C# Durin(
trial system test %rocesses+ many %roblems a%%eared in N2C 52# For e7am%le+ bad su%%ort to cell
reselectionB N2C 52 usually (oes deadloc6ed */en in 4D82 status in /andover areasF an internal
%arameter *it/in t/e 52 is im%ro%erly set @t/e W4NDOW 14W2 %arameter+ ori(inally set at 07"0+ no*
07FF in 9ua*ei net*or6A+ */ic/ causes $ailure in receivin( t/e R> 12,5P COMP82,2 messa(e and
t/us access $ailure# 1uc/ di$$erences bet*een 52s /ave obvious in$luences on net*or6 access inde7
o%timi<ation# 4n t/e actual %roblem location %rocess+ i$ t/e %er$ormance indices are still %oor a$ter t/e
common $actors are e7cluded+ consider 52 %er$ormance di$$erences and indicate t/em in t/e %roblem
location re%ort#
$ "nal)sis of Command Reasons for "ccess Pro(lems
Reasons $or access %roblems can be classi$ied (enerally into net*or6 reasons+ radio %arameter settin(
reasons and e'ui%ment reasons+ */ic/ are described as $ollo*sB
$.1 #etwor3 Reasons
3#!#! Dead 1%ot in 1i(nal Covera(e
,/e si(nal covera(e does not meet t/e re'uirement and covera(e dead s%ots or dead <ones e7ist#
4n t/is case+ t/e 52 is in net*or6 searc/ state $or a lon( %eriod a$ter %o*ered on+ and cannot stay in a
cell+ or t/e 52 dis%lays very *ea6 si(nal stren(t/# W/ile %er$ormin( $orced cell searc/ *it/ t/e 52 o$
>ei;in( 4nstitute o$ 9ua*ei+ t/ere is no result dis%lay but al*ays C1earc/in( net*or6D on t/e %anel# ,/e
drive test e'ui%ment 20)0.A s/o*s t/at t/e R1CP and 2c?4o are bot/ lo*# Accordin( to t/e e7%erience
data+ t/e %roblem o$ si(nal covera(e s/ould be considered */en R1CP is lo*er t/an !00d>m and 2c?4o
lo*er t/an !3d>#
,/ere are di$$erent re'uirements $or R1CP and 2c?4o $or di$$erent services# 4$ R1CP is too lo*+ t/e
receivin( sensitivity re'uirement *ill not be satis$ied# 2ven i$ R1CP is not lo*+ but i$ t/e do*nlin6
inter$erence is stron(+ 2c?4o may $ail to meet t/e 52 demodulation re'uirement# Re$er to t/e Document
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 2. + ,otal 3-
WC!"A RN# Special Sub;ect Stu'4 ( #ilot Receivin& Stren&t3 Requirement Anal4sis un'er iven #o+er
Allocation Ratio) 'oc)
Ad;ustment recommendationB
Plan t/e net*or6 a%%ro%riately to reduce t/e dead s%ots o$ net*or6 covera(e# Consider ad;ustin( t/e
antenna a<imut/ and do*n tilt+ addin( re%eaters and RR5s or addin( micro cells#
3#!#2 ,oo 1tron( 5%lin6 and Do*nlin6 4nter$erence 1i(nals 27ist
5%lin6 and do*nlin6 inter$erence si(nals *it/in a cell may come $rom outside inter$erence+ Node>s
o$ ad;acent cells+ 52s in t/e local cell and ad;acent cells+ etc# 4$ t/e u%lin6 and do*nlin6 inter$erence is too
stron( durin( t/e access %rocess+ t/e receivin( %arty may $ail to %er$orm si(nal demodulation+ and t/e
sendin( %arty may use u% t/e ma7imum %o*er#
,/e u%lin6 inter$erence is too stron(B Durin( t/e random access %rocess+ even i$ t/e %reamble %o*er
/as been increased to t/e ma7imum 52 transmit %o*er+ it is still unable to meet t/e re'uirement o$ Node>
demodulation+ resultin( in $ailure o$ random access %rocess# 4t is $ound $rom Node> debu((in( console
t/at R114 /as been al*ays /i(/ @/i(/er t/an 00d>mA+ and u%lin6 >82R is also /i(/# 5%lin6 inter$erence
comes %robably $rom t/e outside# ,oo /eavy cell tra$$ic may also result in stron( u%lin6 inter$erence#
,oo stron( do*nlin6 inter$erenceB Durin( t/e random access %rocess+ t/e 52 is unable to demodulate
or *ron(ly demodulates t/e access indicator @A4A delivered by Node>+ or t/e do*nlin6 sync/roni<ation
$ails at radio lin6 establis/ment+ or t/e 52 cannot com%lete cell searc/ %rocess at all#
Plan t/e net*or6 a%%ro%riately# Prevent unnecessary inter$erence+ es%ecially %ilot %ollution+ $rom
$allin( into t/e covera(e ran(e o$ cellsF in case o$ outside inter$erence+ carry out $re'uency clearance to
eliminate inter$erence sourcesF in case o$ u%lin6 inter$erence caused by /i(/ tra$$ic+ %ro%erly allocate t/e
cell load+ and start load and access control mec/anism to re;ect access o$ ne* mobile stations */en t/e cell
load is /i(/F or add Node>s directly to solve %roblems o$ tra$$ic /ot s%ot area#
3#!#3 Access Problems Caused by Cell 8oad
Due to t/e admission control mec/anism+ RNC *ill re;ect t/e access o$ 52s under */en t/e access
o$ 52s may cause cell load to e7ceed t/e %reset t/res/old# ,/is can be observed in t/e $ollo*in( as%ectsB
1een $rom RNC si(nalin( tracin(+ it is %ossibly RRC setu% $ailure or RA> setu% $ailure+ because
RRM admission control mec/anism $unctions durin( t/ese t*o %rocesses# 4n case o$ RRC setu% $ailure+
RNC *ill send t/e RRC CONN2C,4ON 12,5P messa(e to 52+ t/e reason o$ */ic/ is Ccon(estionDF in
case o$ RA> setu% $ailure+ RNC *ill send t/e RA> A114GNM2N, R21PON12 messa(e to CN+ result is
$ailure+ and t/e reason value is also CNo Resource AvailableD#
,/e curve c/arts o$ t/e receivin( %o*er o$ t/e cell u%lin6 total band*idt/ @R,WPA and t/e cell
do*nlin6 total transmit %o*er @,CPA can be obtained at t/e RNC bac6(round# ,/e t*o values are $ound to
be close to t/e system %reset access t/res/old values# ,/e u%lin6 and do*nlin6 load $actors o$ various
services can be observed *it/ MM8 command81, C288CAC#
=ie* t/e RNC tra$$ic statistics data# Hou can $ind t/at t/e number o$ times o$ call $ailure caused by
con(estion is $ar /i(/er t/an t/e normal statistics values#
4$ t/ese t/ree conditions are met+ *e can be sure t/at t/e cause o$ 52 access $ailure is cell overload#
Call admission control @CACA al(orit/m is to $orecast t/e c/an(es on system load brou(/t by
admission o$ call access re'uest accordin( to t/e current load o$ t/e system and call access re'uest to ;ud(e
*/et/er t/e system can run normally *it/ ne* load conditions# 4$ t/e c/an(ed load /as not e7ceeded t/e
normal o%eration limit o$ t/e system+ t/is access re'uest *ill be %ermittedF ot/er*ise+ t/e access re'uest
*ill be re;ected# ,/ere$ore+ t/e call admission control al(orit/m is based on load $orecast# For t/is reason+
our al(orit/m al*ays %er$orms load $orecast $irst+ and t/en ;ud(es */et/er t/e $orecast load value e7ceeds
t/e %reset system load t/res/old# 4$ $orecast does not e7ceed t/e %reset t/res/old+ t/e access *ill be
admittedF ot/er*ise+ t/e access *ill be re;ected#
Allocate cell tra$$ic a%%ro%riatelyF increase t/e ca%acity directly by addin( Node>s#
$./ Radio Parameter .ettings
3#2#! ,oo 9i(/ 1ettin(s o$ :'ualmin and :r7levmin
4n t/is case+ 52 reads :'ualmin and :r7levmin $rom 14>3 durin( cell selection+ and identi$y
*/et/er t/e current cell is suitable to reside in by t/e 1 CriteriaB i$ t/e 1 Criteria is met+ t/is cell is
considered as a suitable cell $or 52+ and t/e 52 *ill reside in t/is cell+ and read ot/er system in$ormation
re'uired# ,/en 52 *ill initiate location re(istration %rocess# 4$ :'ualmin and :r7levmin settin(s are too
/i(/+ on one /and+ */en t/e 52 (oes too $ar $rom t/e Node> durin( t/e conversation+ 52 may $ail to
reside in t/e cell a$ter o$$/oo6# Po*er control can ensure t/at t/e lin6 remains connected */en 52 is
movin( a$ar+ and t/at 52 can %er$orm cell reselection a$ter o$$/oo6# 1ince t/e common %ilot c/annel
si(nal is already *ea6+ i$ :'ualmin and :r7levmin are set too /i(/+ 52 *ill /ardly succeed in cell
reselection# On t/e ot/er /and+ 52 initial access *ill become di$$icult+ and it can be seen $rom 52
bac6(round o$ >ei;in( 4nstitute o$ 9ua*ei t/at t/e 52 cannot com%lete cell residin(#
1et %ro%er :'ualmin and :r7levmin values accordin( to actual conditions+ c/ec6 system set values
*it/ MM8 Command 81, C288128R2128+ and t/en modi$y t/em *it/MOD C288128R2128#
3#2#2 4m%ro%er 1ettin(s o$ Access ,/res/old
Access t/res/old /erein re$ers to %reamble t/res/old o$ PRAC9#
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 2" + ,otal 3-
,/e %reamble t/res/old de$ines t/e PRAC9 %reamble test t/res/old+ and RNC in$orms Node> in
common transmission c/annel setu% si(nalin( on t/e 45> inter$ace @de$ault con$i(uration is 32+ e'uivalent
to 20d>A# ,/is %reamble can be is ac6no*led(ed only */en t/e ratio bet*een t/e %reamble %o*er and t/e
noise level received durin( t/e %reamble cycle is lar(er t/an t/is t/res/old# 4$ t/e %arameter settin( is too
small+ t/e random access %reamble si(nal *ill be ;ud(ed *ron(ly and $alse alarms *ill increase+ */ic/ *ill
lo*er t/e demodulation 'uality o$ random access+ es%ecially under t/e condition o$ lac6 o$ demodulation
resources# False alarms can also lead to invalid data transmission o$ do*nlin6 A4C9+ */ic/ *astes
do*nlin6 %o*er and increases t/e do*nlin6 inter$erence# False alarms %robability can be vie*ed at
debu((in( console# ,/e criterion is one t/ousandt/+ and any value /i(/ t/an t/is $i(ure means t/at t/e
$alse alarm %robability is too /i(/F i$ t/e %reamble t/res/old settin( is too lar(e+ t/e access di$$iculty *ill
increase+ and t/e %reamble si(nal ca%ture %robability *ill be reducedF i$ t/e 52 u%lin6 transmit %o*er is
too /i(/+ t/e PRAC9 u%lin6 inter$erence *ill increase# ,/is %arameter decides t/e demodulation 'uality o$
random access and subscriber access success rate+ and /as relations *it/ access distance @access c/annel
covera(e radius X 2A+ and di$$erent Node> con$i(urations @$ourantenna diversity mode and O,1R modeA#
Processin( recommendationB
Ad;ust access t/res/old value a%%ro%riately+ and de$ault values o$ current system areB %reamble
t/res/oldB 32+ corres%ondin( to 20#0d>#
3#2#3 4na%%ro%riate 1ettin( o$ Preamble Po*er Ram% 1te% and Retransmission ,imes
52 can obtain ma7imum %reamble retransmission times and %reamble %o*er ram% ste% by receivin(
14>3# 4$ 52 /as not received A4 at %reset time slot a$ter sendin( out Preamble+ t/e %reamble %o*er *ill be
increased by one ste%+ and t/e retransmission counter *ill be reduced by !+ until t/e counter value becomes
0+ */en retransmission *ill be sto%%ed#
1ettin( o$ %reamble %o*er ram% ste% /as in$luence on t/e increasin( s%eed o$ access %reamble
transmit %o*er# 4$ it is set too small+ t/e number o$ times o$ subscriber access attem%ts *ill increase+ */ic/
increases t/e %robability o$ %reamble collisionF i$ it is set too lar(e+ t/e access %reamble %o*er value may
(reatly e7ceeds t/e value re'uired+ */ic/ increases inter$erence to t/e system#
Generally+ i$ t/e ste% remains unc/an(ed+ t/e lar(er t/e PreambleGRetransGMa7 value is+ t/e /i(/er
t/e success rate o$ random access *ill be+ but t/e PRAC9 load *ill increase conse'uently# 4n cells o$ /i(/
tra$$ic+ i$ t/e ma7imum retransmission times value is too lar(e+ radio c/annel overload and con(estion *ill
be caused+ and t/e %robability o$ 52 access collision *ill be increased (reatly+ */ic/ *ill reduce call
com%letion rate and radio resource utili<ation# On t/e ot/er /and+ i$ t/e PreambleGRetransGMa7 value is
set too small+ t/e %reamble transmit %o*er o$ t/e 52 cannot rise to t/e re'uired value+ and t/e 52 access
success rate *ill be reduced# ,/ere$ore+ an a%%ro%riate PreambleGRetransGMa7 settin( is an im%ortant
means $or ma6in( $ull use o$ net*or6 radio resources and im%rovin( call com%letion rate#
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 2- + ,otal 3-
,/ese t*o %arameters ;ointly control t/e 52 access %reamble ram% %rocess# W/en settin( t/ese
%arameters+ %ay attention to reduction o$ system u%lin6 inter$erence+ im%rovement o$ access success rate
and reduction access delay# ,/ere$ore+ it is necessary to set a%%ro%riate values accordin( to t/e actual
situation#
3#2#) 4na%%ro%riate 1ettin( o$ Ad;acent Cells
,/e %ilot measurement in$ormation about t/e current cell and t/e ad;acent cells attac/ed to 52 can
be seen $rom t/e RRC CONN2C,4ON R2:521, messa(e# 1uc/ measurements are all conducted by 52
at cell selection# 4$ t/ere are too many ad;acent cells o$ t/e main cell in system messa(e broadcast+ ,/e 52
*ill need a lon( time to measure t/e %ilot si(nal 'uality o$ all t/e ad;acent cells+ and t/is *ill in$luence
subscriber access s%eed# 1o an im%ortant tas6 o$ net*or6 o%timi<ation is to %lan a%%ro%riately t/e list o$
ad;acent cells o$ eac/ main cell de$ined in t/e %re%lannin( sta(e# 4n certain %recommercial a%%lications+
useless ad;acent cells are deleted by tra$$ic statistics tools# For instance+ t*o cells are ad;acent cell to eac/
ot/er and a /andover area e7ists+ but because t/ere are (eo(ra%/ic barriers @suc/ as a riverA bet*een t/e
t*o cells+ crosscell /andover never or seldom occurs# 4n t/is case t/ese t*o cells s/ould not be ad;acent
cells to eac/ ot/er# 1uc/ $actors cannot be ta6en into consideration because o$ ma% and estimation reasons
in t/e %re%lannin( sta(e and must be o%timi<ed# 4n case o$ t/e contrary situation+ missed con$i(uration o$
ad;acent cells also needs to be considered# W/en 52 is movin( at cell border a*ay $rom t/e Node>+ i$
t/ere is no ad;acent cell con$i(ured in t/e movin( direction o$ t/e 52+ access $ailure is li6ely to occur to
t/e 52#
O%timi<e t/e con$i(uration o$ ad;acent cells accordin( to t/e actual situation#
3#2#3 4na%%ro%riate 1ettin( o$ 1ync/roni<ation Parameters
P/enomenon !B ,oo slo* sync/roni<ation# Durin( radio lin6 establis/ment+ RNC *ill start a timer
and *ait $or Node> to re%ort t/e R8 R21,OR2 messa(e# 4$ t/e radio lin6 $ails to be sync/roni<ed be$ore
timeout+ RNC *ill initiate lin6 removal# P/enomenon 2B ,oo $ast outo$sync/roni<ation# Node> *ill send
R8 FA485R2 messa(e to RNC immediately once it detects t/e outo$sync/roni<ation in$ormation#
5%lin6 sync/roni<ation and outo$sync/roni<ation %arameters @NG4N1HNCG4ND+
NGO5,1HNCG4ND+ and ,GR8FA485R2AB 4n u%lin6 sync/roni<ation+ t/e radio lin6 set remains in t/e
initial state until it receives NG4N1HNCG4ND successive sync/roni<ation indications $rom 8!# At t/is
time+ t/e Node> tri((ers t/e radio lin6 restoration %rocess+ indicatin( t/at t/e radio lin6 set /as been
sync/roni<ed# Once t/e radio lin6 restorin( %rocess is tri((ered+ t/e radio lin6 set *ill be considered to be
in t/e sync/roni<ed state# W/en t/e radio lin6 set is in t/e sync/roni<ed state+ Node> needs to start t/e
timer ,GR8FA485R2 a$ter receivin( NG4N1HNCG4ND successive sync/roni<ation indications# A$ter
receivin( NG4N1HNCG4ND successive sync/roni<ation indications+ t/e Node> needs to sto% and reset t/e
timer ,GR8FA485R2# 4$ t/e timer ,GR8FA485R2 times out+ t/e Node> *ill tri((er t/e radio lin6 $ailure
%rocess+ and *ill indicate */ic/ radio lin6 set is in t/e nonsync/roni<ed state#
Do*nlin6 sync/roni<ation and outo$sync/roni<ation %arameters @,3!2+ N3!2+ ,3!3+ N3!3+ and
N3!3AB W/en 52 starts to establis/ dedicated c/annels+ it starts t/e ,3!2 timer+ and sto%s t/e ,3!2 timer
*/en 52 detects N3!2 successive sync/roni<ation indications $rom 8!# Once t/e timer times out+ it means
$ailure o$ %/ysical c/annel setu%# 52 starts t/e ,3!3 ,imer */en it detects N3!3 successive
sync/roni<ation indications $rom 8!+ and it sto%s t/e ,3!3 timer */en 52 detects N3!3 successive
sync/roni<ation indications $rom 8!# Once t/e timer times out+ it means radio lin6 $ailure#
Ad;ust t/e %arameters accordin( to t/e actual situation @slo* sync/roni<ation or $ast outo$syncA#
Pay attention to t/e balance bet*een %arameters# For u%lin6 sync/roni<ation %arameters+ 'uery t/em by t/e
MM8 Command 81, C28812,5P+ and modi$y t/e %arameters by MOD C28812,5P a$ter cell
setu%# For do*nlin6 sync/roni<ation %arameters+ 'uery t/em by t/e MM8 Command 81,
CONNMOD2,4M2R+ and modi$y t/e %arameters byMOD CONNMOD2,4M2R a$ter cell setu%#
3#2#. Over8o* Po*er Allocation Ratio $or Common C/annel
P/enomenonB ,/e call can be 6e%t connected */en 52 moves a$ar+ but once a$ter o$$/oo6+ t/e 52 is
no lon(er to (et accessed to t/e net*or6# ,/e reason is t/at %o*er control ma6es t/e %o*er o$ u%lin6 and
do*nlin6 dedicated c/annel to increase continuously */en t/e 52 moves a$ar+ */ile t/e common c/annel
%o*er decreases continuously due to t/e lac6 o$ %o*er control As a result+ t/e 52 $ails in cell reselection
a$ter o$$/oo6 t/us $ails to reside in t/e cell# ,/e %o*er allocation rate $or t/e common c/annel s/ould not
be too lar(eF ot/er*ise it *ill a$$ect t/e ca%acity# 4$ it is too small+ it *ill lead to bad covera(e o$ t/e
common c/annel+ */ic/ *ill cause access $ailure o$ subscribers# Generally+ it is a%%ro%riate to allocate
20E o$ t/e total %o*er to t/e common c/annel#
>ased on 2rrison and No6ia data and some o$ our outside %lant data+ t/e $ollo*in( ty%ical values are
(iven $or re$erenceB
Ta'le 1 #ommon #hannel &ower Allocation Ratio
C/annel Po*er relative to MAM >1 %o*erQd>R Duty cycle Po*er contribution
1C9 !3 0#! 0#.3E
Primary CCPC9 !2 0#- 3#."E
1econdly CCPC9 @carryin( PC9A !3 0#23 !#3"E
1econdly CCPC9 @carryin( FAC9A !3 0#23 !#3"E
CP4C9 !0 ! !0#00E
A4C9 !3 ! 3#!.E
P4C9 !3 ! 3#!.E
Ratio o$ common c/annel %o*er in total %o*er @*it/ ! 1CCPC9 c/annelA 23#0!E
Ratio o$ common c/annel %o*er in total %o*er @*it/ 2 1CCPC9 c/annelsA 20#32E
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 3! + ,otal 3-
4ncrease t/e %o*er allocation ratio $or t/e common c/annel a%%ro%riately#
3#2#0 Over8o* 4nitial Po*er o$ 5%lin6 and Do*nlin6 Dedicated C/annel
P/enomenonB u% lin6 or do*n lin6 sync/roni<ation $ails at initial lin6 creation#
One reason $or lin6 sync/roni<ation $ailure is t/at t/e DPCC9 %ilot bit %o*er is not stron( enou(/#
,/e %ilot bit %o*er o$ do*nlin6 DPCC9 is e'ual to t/e sum o$ DPDC9 %o*er and PO3+ and t/e PO3
value is usually 3d># Do*nlin6 o%enloo% %o*er control is used $or identi$yin( t/e initial transmit %o*er
o$ DPDC9+ */ic/ can be e7%ressed as $ollo*sB
PL2c?4ore' CP4C9G2c?4o N P%c%ic/
W/ere+ C@2c?4oA re'D is t/e 2c?4o re'uired $or t/e 52 to receive si(nals o$ t/is dedicated c/annel
%ro%erly+ */ic/ can be set accordin( to t/e s%eci$ic 1ervice by means o$ MOD ,HP1R># CCP4C9G2c?4oD
is t/e 2c?4o o$ common %ilot c/annel measured by 52+ */ic/ is re%orted to 5,RAN t/rou(/ RAC9+ and
its de$ault value is !"d># ,/is value can be revised by MM8 command 12, FRC# P%c%ic/ is t/e transmit
%o*er o$ common %ilot c/annel#
Calculation $ormula o$ u%lin6 initial transmit %o*erB
DPCC9G4nitialG%o*er L DPCC9GPo*erGo$$set CP4C9GR1CP
W/ere+ CP4C9GR1CP is measured by t/e 52+ and DPCC9GPo*erGo$$set is sent by RNC to t/e 52
t/rou(/ t/e RRC CONN2C, 12,5P messa(e#
4ncrease t/e u%lin6 and do*nlin6 initial transmit %o*ers a%%ro%riately# 4nner loo% %o*er control can
decrease t/e over/i(/ %o*er ra%idly a$ter success u%lin6do*nlin6 sync/roni<ation# Furt/ermore+ *e can
ad;ust t/e ma7imum and minimum %o*ers o$ t/e do*nlin6 dedicated c/annel by MM8 commandMOD
C288CACto ad;ust t/e do*nlin6 initial transmit %o*er# ,/e initial transmit %o*er must also be limited
*it/in t/is ran(e# 4$ it (oes out o$ t/e ran(e+ ado%t t/e boundary value# ,/is met/od is usually used in t/e
environment o$ test ad;ustment#
3#2#" Overlo* 1ettin( o$ 5%lin6 4nitial 14R ,ar(et =alue o$ Dedicated C/annel
P/enomenonB u%lin6 outo$sync/roni<ation occurs soon a$ter 52 initial lin6 creation+ and it can be
seen $rom t/e 45> inter$ace t/at lin6 removal is caused by R8 FA485R2 re%orted by Node>#
4$ t/e initial u%lin6 14R tar(et value is set too lo*+ t/e u%lin6 (eneratin( %o*er o$ 52 *ill decrease
due to inner loo% %o*er control# 1ince t/ere is a la( be$ore outer loo% %o*er control $unctions+ outo$
sync/roni<ation may /ave occurred durin( t/is %eriod#
4ncrease t/e u%lin6 and do*nlin6 initial 14R tar(et values a%%ro%riately by MM8 CommandMOD
,HPRA>R8C#
$.$ 45ui&ment Reasons
3#3#! 4nsu$$icient RAN Device >oard 1ources
P/enomenonB ,/e re'uest $or a certain system source $ails at service setu%+ */ic/ can be seen only
$rom t/e internal messa(e $lo* or serial %ort out%ut# 4n ty%ical cases+ D1P is not available+ and RNC needs
to re'uest $or 82 instance source @D1PA at RRC lin6 setu%# 4$ t/e number o$ FMR boards is insu$$icient or
a certain D1P is abnormal+ t/e resource re'uest is li6ely to $ail#
Cause o$ t/is %roblem is t/e insu$$icient board sources or board $ault#
Add or re%lace boards#
3#3#2 Abnormality o$ 2'ui%ment Cloc6
Abnormality o$ cloc6 *ill lead to one o$ t/e most common %roblemsB e7%iration time %roblem
@massive %oc6et loss on t/e 45> inter$aceA# Durin( t/e access %rocess+ t/e %/enomenon is t/at a certain air
inter$ace messa(e is lost */en bein( trans$erred t/rou(/ t/e 45> inter$ace# ,/is %/enomenon can be seen
on t/e Node> debu((in( console or t/rou(/ net*or6 /a*6 on t/e 45> inter$ace#
Cloc6 o$ net*or6 e'ui%ment /as (reat in$luence on sync/roni<ation# RNC and Node> cloc6
sync/roni<ation is not re'uired in WCDMA# 4$ cloc6 is not accurate enou(/ or *anders+ t/e %roblem o$
e7%iration time *ill occur on t/e 45> inter$ace+ */ic/ leads to massive %oc6ets loss on t/e 45> inter$ace#
,/ere are $our 6inds o$ RNC cloc6 sourcesB >4,1 cloc6+ cloc6 obtained on t/e 4u inter$ace+ satellite
sync/roni<ation cloc6 received by satellite receiver and local cloc6# ,/ere are also $our 6inds o$ Node>
cloc6 sourcesB GP1 si(nal+ trun6 si(nal $rom RNC+ >4,1 si(nal $rom sync/roni<ation net*or6 and local
crystal oscillator# 4n actual a%%lications+ RNC rarely utili<es t/e local cloc6+ */ic/ /as a %oor %recision#
,/ere$ore+ cloc6 source s/ould be obtained $rom su%erior net*or6 as muc/ as %ossible# 4n case o$ GP1
cloc6+ because a lon( time is re'uired to loc6 t/e GP1 cloc6+ i$ services are started be$ore t/e cloc6 is
loc6ed+ 'uantities o$ e7%iration time *indo*s *ill occurF a$ter GP1 cloc6 is loc6ed+ t/e e7%iration time
%roblem *ill occur in case o$ >FN transient#
Calibrate system cloc6+ or a /i(/%recision cloc6 source# ,/e o%eration s/ould be conducted */en
t/e subscriber tra$$ic is lo*#
$.6 ata Configuration Cause
3#)#! 4nsu$$icient 45> >and*idt/ Resource
P/enomenonB AA82PA,9 C9ANNA8 setu% o$ trans%ort layer $ails+ */ic/ can be seen $rom A8CAP
si(nalin( tracin(# 4nsu$$icient 45> band*idt/ can also cause massive %oc6et loss on t/e 45> inter$ace+ t/at
is+ t/e e7%iration time %roblem+ */ic/ can be seen on t/e 45> inter$ace *it/ net*or6 /a*6+ and massive
%oc6et loss alarms can be seen in t/e serial %ort %rinted in$ormation o$ e'ui%ment#
4n an AA82PA,9+ distribution o$ 23. C4Ds is admitted+ eac/ C4D means an AA82 C9ANNA8+ and
eac/ AA82 84NT corres%onds to an FP# For instanceB a voice service+ or a DC9+ corres%onds to an AA82
C9ANNA8 identi$ied by a C4D# For an AMR voice service+ t*o AA82 C/annels *ill be establis/ed+ one
o$ */ic/ bears si(nalin(+ and t/e ot/er bears tra$$ic# C4Ds are dynamically allocated+ and t/e total
band*idt/ o$ all AA82 C/annels must not e7ceed band*idt/ o$ AA82 PA,9#
,/e 45> inter$ace bears t/e si(nalin( %lane+ user %lane and mana(ement %lane# ,/e si(nalin( %lane
includes NCP+ CCP and A8CAPF t/e %lane includes AA82 PA,9+ and t/e mana(ement %lane is t/e 4POA
o%eration and maintenance %at/ o$ t/e Node># ,/ere is no %roblem *it/ t/e ca%acity o$ si(nalin( and
mana(ement %lane in actual a%%lications+ and t/e bottlenec6 is usually on AA82 PA,9# Micro %at/s are
establis/ed dynamically on AA82 PA,9 in eac/ callin( %rocess# 4$ t/e available band*idt/ o$ AA82
PA,9 @band*idt/ ma%%ed to 2!A is insu$$icient+ access $ailure *ill occur#
,/e $ollo*in( %ara(ra%/s *ill describe t/e band*idt/ allocation on AA82 PA,9+ *it/ a .)6 data
service as an e7am%le# On t/e 45> inter$ace+ $or a .)6 service+ besides its o*n service tra$$ic+ t/e
over/eads also include FP over/ead+ AA82 over/ead+ A,M over/ead and 2! over/ead# Accordin( to t/e
calculation+ t/e s%eci$ic over/ead %ro%ortion is as listed in ,able 3#
Ta'le 2 /,erhead &roportion for $ach Layer on )!0 )nterface
1ervice FP AA82 A,M 2!
3#)T si(nalin( 2)E !2#2E -#)E .#23E
.)T service )E "#3E -#)E .#23E
Data $lo* @.)T data serviceA
.)Tb%s ? @!FP over/eadA ? @!A,M over/eadA ?@!AA82 over/eadA ? @!2! over/eadA N 3#)Tb%s?
@!FP over/eadA ? @!A,M over/eadA ?@!AA82 over/eadA ? @!2! over/eadA .)Tb%s ? -.E ? -0#.E?
-!#0E ? -3#03E N 3#)Tb%s? 0.E ? -0#.E? "0#"E ? -3#03E -!#.0Tb%s
4$ t/e available band*idt/ resource o$ 2! is smaller t/an -!#.0Tb%s+ service can not access normally#
C/ec6 t/e 45> inter$ace band*idt/ and increase transmission resources#
3#)#2 PA,9 4D and N1AP Address Con$i(uration 2rror o$ AA82PA,9
,/e %/enomenon is also lin6 setu% $ailure in t/e trans%ort layer+ and t/e reason is t/at t/e %eer A,M
node can not be reac/ed# An AA82PA,9 is identi$ied uni'uely *it/ node number N PA,9 4D# ,/e N1AP
address is t/e terminal address $or AA82 connection setu%# 5M1CKNode>KDRNC connected *it/ RNC all
/ave A,M addresses+ */ic/ are destination addresses o$ AA82 connections# Durin( AA82 route
con$i(uration+ t/ese destination addresses must be consistent by ne(otiation#
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 3) + ,otal 3-
4n addition+ t/ese t*o %arameters are s%ecially mentioned because t/e %roblem is some*/at
concealed+ not easily $ound *it/out service access+ and once t/ere is service access+ it *ill a%%ear and
ma6e troubles#
C/ec6 ne(otiated %arameters by t/e MM8 commands 81, AA82PA,9and D1P AA82PA,9#
4$ t/e %arameters o$ bot/ sides are not consistent+ remove t/e %at/ *it/ t/e related MM8 command and
t/en create an AA82PA,9#
3#)#3 4nconsistent Number o$ AA82PA,9s across 45?45> 4nter$ace
AA82PA,9 is used to bear user %lane data+ t/e %rocesses o$ data transmission t/rou(/ t/e 45?45>
inter$aces are all AA82 lin6 creation %rocesses initiated automatically by RNC# W/en multi%le
AA82PA,9s e7ist on t/e inter$aces+ in order to (uarantee evenly distribution o$ user %lane load+ RNC
selects t/e AA82PA,9s alternatively# 4$ t/e number o$ AA82PA,9s is bi((er t/an t/at at t/e %eer end+ t/e
access %rocess may $ail+ in a certain %ro%ortion# For instance+ i$ $our %at/s are con$i(ured at t/e RNC side+
o$ */ic/ t/e PA,9 4Ds are !+ 2+ 3 and )+ and t*o %at/s are con$i(ured at t/e M1C side+ o$ */ic/ t/e PA,9
4Ds are ! and 2+ */en RNC selects %at/s 3 and ) $or lin6 creation+ access $ailure *ill occur+ and t/e $ailure
%ro%ortion is 30E# 4$ t/e number o$ RNC AA82PA,9s is smaller t/an t/at at t/e %eer end+ suc/ a %roblem
*ill not occur#
4$ $ailure and success occur alternatively durin( t/e access %rocess+ and a $i7ed $ailure ratio e7ists+
t/e reason mi(/t by t/is ty%e o$ errors#
C/ec6 ne(otiated %arameters *it/ t/e MM8 Commands 81, AA82PA,9 and D1P
AA82PA,9+ and remove t/e redundant AA82PA,9s on t/e RNC#
,/ere are many similar data con$i(uration errors+ suc/ as inconsistent si(nalin( %oint codes o$
M,P3> layer+ etc#+ */ic/ *ill not be listed /ere one by one# 4t is easy to locate suc/ errors+ and all *e need
are si(nalin( $lo* and MM8 commands#
$.7 'ther Reasons
3#3#! 4nsu$$icient 52 Access Class @ACA
For t/e o%erators+ t/ere are t*o *ays $or restrictin( an access cell# One is s%eci$yin( t/e state o$ t/is
cell @reserved $or o%erator due to controlAF and t/e ot/er is admission control+ denyin( t/e access o$
subscribers in a certain AC ran(e# 4n order to avoid c/annel overload under t/e critical condition in
o%eration+ all 52s /ave been randomly assi(ned *it/ AC 0 t/rou(/ AC -# Furt/ermore+ 52s can also be
assi(ned *it/ one or more s%ecial access classes @AC !! t/rou(/ AC !3A+ */ic/ belon(s to s%eci$ied
su%erior subscribers# From t/e %oint o$ vie* o$ subscribers+ t/e access is denied because o$ system load#
9o*ever+ access is allo*ed $or subscribers *it/ s%ecial ACs# ,/e AC o$ a subscriber is stored in t/e
514M#
=ie* t/e access control in$ormation in t/e cell system in$ormation and ad;ust t/e cell access control
%olicy#
3#3#2 4nconsistent 1ecurity Data o$ 52+ RNC and CN
,/e security %rocesses involved in 52 access %rocessB aut/entication @NA1 layerA and security mode
%rocess @A1 layerA# ,/e detailed $lo* is s/o*n in Fi(ure !0#
!$ #. R.#
11RR# S$T!& #/*&L$T$
21).)T DT
31 Authenticaton &rocess
1S$#!R)T2 */D$ #/**A.D
"1S$#!R)T2 */D$ #/**A.D
%1S$#!R)T2 */D$ #/*&L$T$
(1S$#!R)T2 */D$ #/*&L$T$
Figure 13 !$ Authentication and Security *ode &rocess
!! 4n t/e RRC 12,5P COMP82,2 messa(e+ 52 sends t/e 1,AR, value+ and t/e 52 encry%tion
ability @52AA and 52 inte(rity %rotection ability @54AA in$ormation to RNC and simultaneously in$orms
RNC about t/e G1M Classmar6 2 and Classmar6 3 in$ormation accordin( to t/e re'uirement o$ RRC
setu% messa(e#
2# 52 carries t/e user identity and t/e T14 @Tey 1et 4denti$ierA in t/e initial directtransmission
messa(e @location u%date re'uest+ CM service re'uest+ location are u%date re'uest+ attac/ re'uest and
%a(in( res%onseA to in$orm CN#
3# CN decides on t/e 4T?CT to be used accordin( to t/e T14# 4t %er$orms aut/entication+ and
in$orms t/e 52 about t/e ne* 4T?CT# Mean*/ile+ CN decides on t/e 54As and 52As %ermitted $or use#
)# CN sends t/e RANAP messa(e 12C5R4,H MOD2 COMMAND to RANAP to start encry%tion
and inte(rity %rotection#
3# RNC selects an al(orit/m su%%ortable by 52 amon( t/e al(orit/ms %rovided by CN+ and
(enerates a random number FR219 re'uired by t/e inte(rity %rotection al(orit/m# RNC carries out
;ud(ment accordin( to t/e ability re%orted by 52B i$ t/e 52 ability cannot su%%ort t/ese al(orit/ms+ RNC
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 3. + ,otal 3-
sends t/e 12C5R4,H MOD2 R2&2C, messa(e to CN in res%onse+ and t/en RNC tri((ers t/e release
$lo*#
RNC sends an RRC messa(e 12C5R4,H MOD2 COMMAND to t/e 52# ,/is messa(e includes 52
inte(rity %rotection ability+ G1M encry%tion ability @o%tional+ i$ received in t/e RRC setu% com%lete
messa(eA+ 54A and FR219# RNC %er$orms inte(rity %rotection o$ t/is messa(e#
.# A$ter 52 receives RRC messa(e 12C5R4,H MOD2 COMMAND+ it com%ares t/e 52 ability
in$ormation in t/e messa(e# 4$ it is t/e same *it/ t/e 52 ability in$ormation saved locally+ it *ill be
deemed le(al# 52 %er$orms inte(rity %rotection c/ec6 on t/e 12C5R4,H MOD2 COMMAND messa(e
received# 4$ it is correct+ 52 sends an RRC messa(e 12C5R4,H MOD2 COMP82,2 to RNC# ,/is
messa(e also re'uires inte(rity %rotection#
4$ t/e security mode con$i(uration $ails+ 52 sends t/e 12C5R4,H MOD2 FA485R2 messa(e to
RNC#
0# A$ter receivin( t/e success res%onse messa(e $rom 52+ RNC %er$orms inte(rity %rotection
c/ec6# 4$ it is correct+ RNC sends an RNCAP res%onse messa(e 12C5R4,H MOD2 COMP82,2 to CN+
*/ic/ includes t/e al(orit/m selected# ,/en t/e $lo* ends#
4$ RNC receives t/e 12C5R4,H MOD2 F8485R2 messa(e+ or i$ t/e security mode con$i(uration
$ails+ RNC sends t/e 12C5R4,H MOD2 R2&2C, messa(e to CN+ and t/en tri((ers RRC release#
Currently+ all t/e security %rocesses o$ e'ui%ment are %rovided *it/ s*itc/es# 4$ t/e su%%ort o$
aut/entication encry%tion by 52 and net*or6 side is not consistent+ 52 access *ill surely $ail# ,/is
%roblem can be identi$ied t/rou(/ t/e RNC and CN messa(es#
Ad;ust t/e security %arameter con$i(uration o$ t/e 52 so t/at it can consistent *it/ t/e net*or6 side#
3#3#3 52 not Re(istered in 98R
4$ t/e 52 is not re(istered in t/e 98R+ 52 location u%date *ill $ail+ and a location u%date re;ect
messa(e can be $ound on t/e 5M1C maintenance console+ *it/ t/e cause value bein( Cimsi un6no*n in
/lrD# 4n t/is case+ c/ec6 t/e 52 subscri%tion in$ormation in t/e 98R# 9o*ever+ t/e %robability o$ t/is
situation is very lo*#
Add t/e 52 subscri%tion in$ormation in t/e 98R#
6 'utstanding 8ssues
!# For t/e radio %arameters t/at a$$ect access+ t/e in$luences are only 'ualitatively analy<ed+ and t/e
re$erence values $or various radio environments are not (iven# 1uc/ re$erence values can be available a$ter
$urt/er test and study#
2# >ecause t/ere are many core net*or6 devices+ t/e inter$ace %rotocols are very com%licated+ and
t/ere are di$$erences bet*een R-- and R) devices on t/e net*or6 @C1 is re%laced *it/ M1C server and
MGWA+ t/is document only %resents t/e most common causes t/at a$$ect access+ so t/is %art o$ contents are
to be su%%lemented#
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 3" + ,otal 3-
8ists o$ Re$erences"
Q!R #$PP R%&&& 2'()*+,*)- 2..2/.&
Q2R C0*12,- WCDMA RNP S3*4,56 T*40176789 R*)*5+40 K*9 S,8156,18 P+74*)) A1569),)
A44*)) P+74*))-2..#/.:
Q3R ;07< =,1>,*- WCDMA RNP S9)?*@ P5+5@*?*+ C71A,8<+5?,71 $<,B514*-2../.C
Q)R L<7 B,2<1- CDMA %= C566 D+73 A1569),) $<,B514*D%..-2..#/.%
Q3R W518 D*E5,/=,* ;0,F,1/W513*18- WCDMA RNP D%..R..2 D7G16,1E C7@@71 C0511*6 P7G*+
D,)?+,F<?,71 R5?* O<?A,*6B T*)? R*37+?-2..2/%%
Q.R H7,1? T*)? $+7<3- $MCC-HUAWEI WCDMA D7188<51 T*)? OAA,4* S*471B P05)* R5B,7
N*?G7+E O3?,@,I5?,71 R*37+? JI1?*+156 D*+),71K- 2..#/C
Q0R WCDMA EL3*+? T*5@- WCDMA S9)?*@ P+7F6*@ L745?,71 M51<56 2..#.%.2 D*+),71- 2..#/%
!)"2! Con$idential Pa(e 3- + ,otal 3-

WCDMA RNO Access Problem Analysis Guidance

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WCDMA RNO Access Problem Analysis Guidance

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