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JACK Audio Connection Kit

This chapter is intended to form the basis of a more in-depth look at the JACK server
Getting to Know JACK (QjackCtl)
Control Panel Connections
All internal Audio and MIDI connections and routing are controlled by the JACK Audio Connection Kit Control Panel
(QjackCtl). These are flexible connections that can be ade bet!een all Audio"MIDI soft!are #rogras$ !hich are
%no!n as JACK clients.
The JACK &'I interface can be launched fro Sound & Video > JACK Control. The connections can be (ie!ed by
#ressing the Connect button.
All being !ell you)ll see the !ord Started coe u# in the !indo! !ith 0 (0) belo! it. The Connections #anel
should sho! alsa_pcm in both the in#ut and out#ut !indo!s. If so$ you)re ready to a%e soe usic. This #anel
sho!s all Audio or MIDI signal sources in the left #ane (*eadable Clients " +ut#ut Ports) and all #ossible Audio or
MIDI signal destinations in the right #ane (,ritable Clients " In#ut Ports).

Actual connections are established bet!een source (+ut#ut Ports) and destination (In#ut Ports) by selecting one ite in
either side and #ressing the Connect button at the botto-left of the Connections !indo!.
It is also #ossible to establish a connection by dragging an ite and dro##ing it on to the other side
(.ote/ it doesn)t atter !hich side you start dragging fro).
If it hass not all gone so soothly$ clic% on Messages$ if you see anything uch ore co#licated than/
20:19:41.579 Client activated.
20:19:41.5! "#di$ c$nnecti$n c%an&e.
20:19:41.'17 "#di$ c$nnecti$n &rap% c%an&e.
then you)re going to need to do soe !or% to get the best out of this. If you only !ant to use one a##lication at a tie$
you ay not need to !orry about JACK too uch right no!. 0o!e(er$ if you !ant the full #o!er of a 1inux Audio
syste then it)s !orth ta%ing the tie to figure this out. The 2tatus button also #ro(ides soe slightly less (erbose
inforation.
I/O
To disconnect a currently established connection you #roceed in siilar anner/ select each ite on either side and
#ress the Disconnect button. Actual and established connections are sho!n as coloured lines in bet!een the t!o #anes
of the Connections !indo!. 3ach color indicates a single and distinct source odule (client) that is currently connected.
It is #ossible to route all Audio and MIDI signals !here(er you !ant this !ay.
JACK Patchbay
All connections ade in the JACK Control interface #ersist as long as the JACK session lasts. To aintain a custo
and #ersistent connection layout you)ll ha(e to edit and acti(ate a #atchbay definition #rofile. Patchbay definition
#rofiles are connection odels that are edited and created on the JACK Patchbay !indo!$ !hich is accessed (ia the
atchba! button on the ain JACK control #anel.
The JACK Patchbay !indo! is (ery siilar to the Connections one. 0o!e(er$ it is here !here you
#re#are and set your intentional #ersistent connections$
not actual connections. ,hen acti(ated$ this #atchbay definition #rofile !ill %ee# all declared
connections autoatically$ as long as the JACK Control Panel is %e#t acti(e.
4ollo!ing the JACK Patchbay odel$ you declare connections bet!een soc%ets (clients). ,hen t!o
soc%ets are said to be connected$ it is i#lied that each one of its #lugs (#orts) is declared to be
connected in turn$ one by one$ on a one-to-one basis.
Ta%e s#ecial note of the #lug"#ort order in the soc%et #lug list$ as each #lug and soc%et are
connected in the order they are listed.
JACK Set!
The 56ac%ctl settings #anel is accessed fro the Setup""" button.
The Server ath should be set to jackd and the Driver to alsa. 4or arameters you #robably !ant to chec%
(ealtime for ost !or% and S$)tm$de to start !ith. S$)tm$de eans that JACK doesn)t 5uit if you get odd
xruns$ ob(iously$ you !on)t !ant this if you)re recording. If you %no! your achine only !or%s at 78bit resolution
chec% *$rce 1'+it. 9ou)ll #robably !ant to lea(e ost settings !here they are.
If you)re o#erating in realtie$ your riorit! should usually be 0$ but soe soundcards differ. #rames$eriod is !orth
setting at the axiu to start and then !or%ing your !ay do!n. This setting affects your latency ost directly$ setting
it too lo! !ill result in xruns. Sample %ate #robably !ants to be 44100 (CD 5uality) but soe soundcards #refer
4000 (DAT 5uality). eriods$&uffer alost certainly !ants to be 2$ but again$ your soundcard ay (ary. 'nterface
#robably should be %,:0 or !hate(er you s#ecified in your -..as$#ndrc if you use one (it is not re5uired). Audio
try /la0+ack $nl0 if you)re ha(ing trouble$ ostly you)ll !ant )#ll 1#ple2. Dither - S%aped is best but CP'
hungry$ 3rian&#lar gi(es a good co#roise$ you don)t :need: dithering$ so 4$ne !ill do for no!. Timeout and
Start Dela! ight !ant to be increased in certain situations.
+K your ne! settings 2to# if JACK is still running and 2tart again. 9ou ay need to #lay !ith the
settings a bit to get satisfactory results.
"rns # O$errns
During recording sessions$ the Messages #anel in ;6ac%ctl ay re#ort xruns. <runs are basically an
indications that !hile Jac% is running soething gets in the !ay of it running correctly and it
becoes unable to co#e !ith the flo! of data causing dro#outs in the sound.
Interr!ts
If soe other card has a higher #riority then !hen it generates an interru#t$ if it)s slo! res#onding$ then #ossibly Jac%
and the sound card cannot get their 6ob done.
5 cat .pr$c.interr#pts
and
5 lspci 6v
!ill gi(e you soe (aluable inforation here. &enerally s#ea%ing$ you !ant your soundcard to be in the highest
#riority slot (= or 7>) and not sharing !ith anything. 2olutions ostly in(ol(e #hysically o(ing the soundcard u# to a
higher slot and"or disabling unused hard!are in the ?I+2.
%ar& &ri$e s!ee& is too slow
9ou can test your hard-dis% #erforance !ith/
5 %dparm 6t3 .dev.%da
(or !hate(er dri(e you use for audio) A"DeMuDi installs !ith o#tial settings for ost dri(es. 9ou shouldn)t need to
edit "etc"hd#ar.conf unless you %no! you do. 9ou can cause irre(ersible data corru#tion essing !ith these settings.
*ead/
5 man %dparm
before you atte#t anything.
4or ore inforation/
7 8cat .#sr.s%are.d$c.jackd.*"Q.&8
Ma%e sure you ha(e/
tmp)s .dev.s%m tmp)s de)a#lts 0 0
in your "etc"fstab - it a%es a big difference@
links
JACK
htt#/""6ac%audio.org"
htt#/""6ac%it.sourceforge.net"docs"fa5.#h#
htt#/""lau.linuxaudio.org"6ac%"
'in( an& 'atency
htt#/""!!!.sabi.co.u%".otes"linux2ound1atency.htl
(5uesto tutorial A stato realiBBato da 8Cstudio Dhtt#/""!!!.8Cstudio.co"anual"audio"6ac%E)

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