This document contains 4 physics questions about designing various objects:
1. Designing an alcohol thermometer for use in the North Pole, discussing strength, sensitivity, readability, freezing point, and thickness.
2. Designing a rocket for space travel, discussing shape, materials, additional supplies, acceleration structure, and combustion chamber size.
3. Determining the best material for trekking shoe soles based on density, stud configuration, expansion, and stretchability.
4. Determining the best water storage tank based on material, density, shape, and height from the ground.
This document contains 4 physics questions about designing various objects:
1. Designing an alcohol thermometer for use in the North Pole, discussing strength, sensitivity, readability, freezing point, and thickness.
2. Designing a rocket for space travel, discussing shape, materials, additional supplies, acceleration structure, and combustion chamber size.
3. Determining the best material for trekking shoe soles based on density, stud configuration, expansion, and stretchability.
4. Determining the best water storage tank based on material, density, shape, and height from the ground.
This document contains 4 physics questions about designing various objects:
1. Designing an alcohol thermometer for use in the North Pole, discussing strength, sensitivity, readability, freezing point, and thickness.
2. Designing a rocket for space travel, discussing shape, materials, additional supplies, acceleration structure, and combustion chamber size.
3. Determining the best material for trekking shoe soles based on density, stud configuration, expansion, and stretchability.
4. Determining the best water storage tank based on material, density, shape, and height from the ground.
Diagram 9 You are required to give some suggestions to design an efficient alcohol thermometer to be used in physics research expedition at North Pole. Using your knowledge about heat and properties of materials, explain how to build a thermometer which can function effectively based on the following aspects: (i) Strength of thermometer (ii) Sensitivity of thermometer (iii) Design of the thermometer so that the scale can easily be read (iv) Freezing point of the liquid (v) Thickness of the glass bulbs wall [10 marks]
Suggestion Explanations
Question 10 [ Forces and Motion] Diagram 10 below shows a rocket.
Diagram 1 You are required to give some suggestions to design a rocket which can travel in the outer space with higher acceleration. Using the knowledge on forces and motion and the properties of materials, explain the suggestions based on the following aspects: (i) the shape of the rocket (ii) the material used to build the rocket (iii) additional supply needed that enable the rocket to move in outer space (iv) the structure of the rocket to accelerate. (v) size of the combustion chamber [10 marks]
Suggestion Explanations
Question 11 [Force And Pressure] Diagram 11 shows a pair of outdoor shoes suitable for mountain trekking.
Diagram 11
Table 1 shows the characteristics of five types of materials that can be used for making the soles of the trekking shoes.
Type of material Density (Kg/m -3 ) Number of studs x Area of 1 stud Expansion effect Ability to stretch P 820 6 x 30 cm 2 Low Good Q 700 8 x 30 cm 2 Low Good R 720 5 x 30 cm 2 Medium Average S 750 4 x 30 cm 2 High Poor T 880 3 x 30 cm 2 High Poor Table 11.1
You are asked to study the characteristics of the materials shown in Table 15.2. Explain the suitability of each characteristics in Table 11.1 and then determine the most suitable material to be used. Give a reason for your choice. [10 marks ]
Table 12 shows the specifications of four water storage tanks, P, Q, R and S, that can be used to store water. Water storage tank P Q R S Material used metal concrete concrete metal Density low high low low
Shape Bentuk
Height from the ground low high high low Table 12
You are required to determine the most suitable water storage tank. Study the specifications of all the four water storage tanks based on the following aspects : - The material used - The density of the tank - The shape of the tank - The height of the tank from the ground [10marks]
Characteristic Explanation (Material Used)
(density)
(shape) (height from ground)
The best choice is
Question 9 [Introduction to Physics]
Suggestion Explanations Thermometer is made from transparent glass that is strong
It is not easily broken The capillary tube is made narrow and thin It is more sensitive The shape of the thermometer is round/streamline
It has a magnifying effect
The liquid has low freezing point It can measure very low temperature/ not freeze at low temperature Thin glass bulbs wall Absorb / transfer heat faster
Question 10 [Forces & Motion]
Suggestion Explanations Aerodynamic shape / stream line/ torpedo Reduce air resistance Low density material // Strong material// high boiling point Lighter // Does not break easily// does not melt easily
Has liquid oxygen Boosting combustion // supply oxygen for combustion Retro rocket /Has several stages that can slip/strip off To decrease mass Increase the size of combustion chamber More space for the fuel to be burnt
Question 11 [Forces & Motion]
Characteristic Explanation Low density Small mass/light Many/fewer/very few studs Gives extra/higher grip Expansion effect is low Always fits/Does not loosen when hot. Ability to stretch is good Less stress on the feet/ Can be pushed in all directions/ Can walk on uneven surface.
Q Because it has a low density,many studs,low expansion effect and good ability to stretch.
Question 12 [Forces & Pressure]
Characteristic Explanation Made of concrete Stronger / Not easy to break // metal can rust easily low density lighter / the structure that hold the tank able to withstand the weight of tank thicker wall at the bottom // Diagram able to withstand the higher pressure at the bottom height from ground is high to produce a greater difference in pressure R Made of concrete, low density, thicker wall at the bottom, height from ground is high