Advanced Glycation End

Products: From Food to

Disease
Kristen K. Conner
Sodexo Dietetic Intern, PRP
Feruary !"#$

%olecules &ormed y t'e %aillard reaction and

(revalent in &oods )e eat

%olecules t'at accumulate in our odies* tissues and

circulation as )e a+e

%olecules t'at +enerate in excess )it' oxidative

stress, in,ammation, and anormal +lucose or li(id
metaolism

%olecules involved in t'e develo(ment o& C-D*s

AGE.rea/er

0'e %aillard Reaction

1'at are Advanced Glycation End Products2AGEs3

4asic C'emistry o& AGEs

Researc' Studies

Clinical Im(lications and Interventions

56ective: State one )ay )e can educate (eo(le

aout AGEs
5vervie)

AGE: Advanced +lycation end (roduct

C%7: 8.caroxymet'yllysine 2an AGE3

P1-: Pulse )ave volume

19R: 1aist.'i( ratio

C-D: Cardio vascular disease

S0D: Standard

S0%D: Steamed
Areviations
%aillard Reaction.
#:#!

A +rou( o& molecules +enerated t'rou+' non.en;ymatic

+lycation and oxidation o& (roteins, li(ids and nucleic
acids

0'ey alter tissue &unction and modulate cellular

(rocesses

0'e most common and )ell.studied in vivo detectale

AGE is 8.caroxymet'yllysine 2C%73

En'anced &ormation and accumulation o& AGEs

increases under conditions t'at accelerate t'eir
&ormation or im(air t'eir excretion
1'at are AGEs<

4ased on "= .#" data, >>."? o& @S adults

A!" years o& a+e 'ave 'y(ertension

In !"":, C-D accounted &or >!.>?, or # o&

> deat's in t'e @S

From t'e !"": deat' rate data, B!#C"

Americans die o& C-D eac' day, an
avera+e o& # deat' every $" seconds
American 9eart
%ont'
Statistics &rom t'e American 9eart Association

Serum C%7, an AGE, is Associated )it'

Increased Aortic P1- in Adults
American Dournal o& 9y(ertension, !"":
Purpose of Study:

0o determine i&
elevated serum AGE
are associated )it'
increased arterial
stiEness in relatively
'ealt'y adults

P1- used to measure

arterial stiEness

$:> adults 2!F.:>yrs3

Results/conclusion:

%ean C%7 associated

)it' P1- PG"."!

Excludin+ D%
(atients, PG"."":

Elevated AGEs are

associated )it'
increased arterial
stiEness in relatively
'ealt'y adults

A six year study o& #"#> (eo(le BHG FC years

old

Examined t'e association et)een

cardiovascular and all.cause mortality and
(lasma C%7

0'ose in t'e +rou( )it' t'e 'i+'est (lasma

C%7 levels )ere more li/ely to die &rom C-
and all causes
Plasma C%7, an AGE, and All Cause
%ortality in 5lder Community D)ellin+
Adults
Dournal o& American Geriatric Society, !"":

Plasma AGEs are inde(endent determinants

o& diastolic and (ulse (ressure
Clinical C'emistry 7a %ed, !"#!
Purpose of Study:

0o c'aracteri;e t'e
relations'i( et)een
AGEs and ris/ &actors
&or C-D

4%I, 19R, 4P, li(id

and +lucose
measured
Results/conclusions:

C%7 as a determinant
&or diastolic lood
(ressure PI"."C

C%7 related to 4%I

PI".""#, and 19R
PG"."!

C%7 as a determinant
&or (ulse (ressure
PG".""$
Summary o& t'e (at')ays via )'ic'
AGEs may cause 'eart &ailure
AGEs in 5ur Food

Processed &oods made

at 'i+' tem(eratures

9i+' in (rotein and

&at

Coo/in+ )it' dry 'eat

accelerates AGE
&ormation

Caramel
colorHadditives

A diet ased on 'i+'.'eat.treated

&oods (romotes ris/ &actors &or D%
and C-Ds
0'e American Dournal o& Clinical 8utrition, !"#"
Purpose of Study:

0o determine
)'et'er 'i+'.'eat
treated &oods also
(ose a ris/ &or
'ealt'y su6ects

S0D diet vs. S0%D

diet

Diets contained C>?

C'o, #C? (ro, >!?
&at
Results/conclusions:

S0D +rou(: 'i+'er

/cal, C'o and &at
inta/e, less vitamin
C inta/e

@rinary C%7 $"?

and &astin+ serum
C%7 =? 'i+'er in
S0D +rou(

AGE Content o& Selected Foods

Dournal o& American Dietetic Association, !"#"
9IG9 AGEs

4utter

Cream c'eese

Pine 8uts J Peanuts

5live oil

Sesame oil

9ot do+s

Stea/

4AC58

Roasted or &ried c'ic/en

Parmesan C'eese
751 AGEs

E++s

Avocado

Ra) cas'e)s

Pistac'ios

Steamed c'ic/en

Ra) Ks'

Ra) to&u

1'ole )'eat read

4oiled (otato

Fruits J -e+etales

Reduce endo+enous AGE &ormation

Reduce inta/e o& AGEs in our diet

8eutrali;e adverse eEects o& AGE.RAGE

Increase AGE excretion

De+rade estalis'ed tissue AGEs

Protection &rom AGEs:
Clinical im(lications J interventions

Future o& Fi+'tin+

AGEs

Consume ra), un(rocessed &oods )'en (ossile

@se moist 'eat over dry.raisin+, (oac'in+ or slo)

coo/er

@se acidic marinades, suc' as citrus or vine+ar

Increase t'e consum(tion o& Ks', le+umes, lo).&at

mil/ (roducts, ve+etales, &ruits and )'ole +rains
0i(s &or Patients

AGEs are /no)n to e elevated in (atients )it' D%

Elevated AGEs 'ave een s'o)n to (romote andHor

accelerate vascular disease in diaetics as )ell as non.
diaetics

AGEs in our diet (lay a role in t'e develo(ment and

(ro+ression o& D%, C-D, and many ot'er diseases

RD*s can educate (atients on eneKcial &ood c'oices and

es(ecially coo/in+ tec'niMues in order to reduce dietary
inta/e o& AGEs
Conclusions
1'at is one )ay as an RD t'at
you can teac' (eo(le aout
AGEs<

R. Sema, S. 4andinelli, K. Sun, D. Guralni/, 7. Ferrucci.

NPlasma C%7, an AGE, and All.Cause and Cardiovascular
Disease %ortality in 5lder Community D)ellin+ AdultsO Journal
of American Geriatric Society, 2!"":3P C=2#"3:#Q=$.#QQ".

D. @riarri., NAdvanced Glycation End Products in &oods and a

(ractical Guide to 0'eir Reduction in t'e DietO Journal of
American Dietetic Association 2!"#"3P##"::##.:#F.

Sema, Ric'ard D., 8a66ar, Samer S., 7a/atta, Ed)ard K.,

Ferrucci, 7ui+i. NSerum Caroxymet'yl.lysine, an Advanced
Glycation End Product, is Associated )it' Increased Aortic
Pulse 1ave -elocity in AdultsOAmerican Journal of
Hypertension 2!"":3P !!2#3: =$R=:.
Re&erences

4. de Courten. NPlasma AGEs and 8F./4 activity are inde(endent

determinants o& diastolic and (ulse (ressureO Clinical Chemistry
and Laboratory edicine 2!"#$3P C!2#3:#!:.>Q.

I. 4irloue;.Ara+on. NA diet ased on 'i+'.'eat treated &oods

(romotes ris/ &actors &or diaetes and cardiovascular diseasesO
!he American Journal of Clinical "utrition 2!"#"3P :#:#!F".F.

D. 9arto+, A. -oors, S. 4a//er, A. Smit, D. -eld'uisen. NAGEs and

'eart &ailure: Pat'o('ysiolo+y and clinical im(licationsO !he
#uropean Journal of heart $ailure 2!""=3P ##$F.##CC.

'tt(:HHcirc.a'a6ournals.or+HcontentH#!=H#HeF.&ull

'tt(:HHa+e&oundation.com
Re&erences cont*d