UPC organisational chart and roles of each personnel.

During my early days in UPC I am made to understand basic organisation structure in UPC and also to
know the colleagues and the culture over there.
Here shows the organisation chart of the UPC.
Brief by one of the directors. Introduction to colleageus.
Draw the chart out.

Understanding ISO, COP/SS, Construction guide at
Singapore and BCA Green Mark for New Residential
Building.
I learn about ISO and its importance when I start work on the projects at UPC.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a standard made by experts around the world.
The reason for developing this ISO is to facilitate for international coordination and unification of
industrial standards. These standards provides requirements and specification and they are
guidelines or characteristics to ensure the materials, products, processes and services are safe,
reliable and of good quality. It reassures the consumers the quality of products or services of the
company/organization that has been certified with ISO and at the same time making the industry
more efficient and breaks down the barriers to international businesses. In a layman term, ISO is
analogous to SI units.
For example UPC is certified with the following international management system such as ISO 9000
Quality Management System and ISO 14000 Environmental Management System.
ISO 9000 sets several principles of management that focus on customer, management process and
procedures. Documentations are important for audit purposes. An independent certification body
or clients will be invited verify the conformity to the standard.
ISO 14000 is a tool that sets the criteria for an environmental management system. It provides a
framework for a company to sets up an effective environmental management system.
Environmental issues are always the top concerns in the world we are living now. With this
certification it shows that UPC management, employees and external stake holders are being
assured that environmental impact is being measured and cc improved.

COP/SS
In construction industry, Code of Practice or Singapore Standard is provide guidance on building
design.
Various COPs are prepared by different experts of their field that are appointed by the authority to
prepare the standards. The approved standards by the BCA will then be applied to the industry to
serve as a set of guidelines to be followed by the members of the construction industry. There are
various COPs out there that can be applied in various industries.
There are COPs for Workplace Safety Standards, Chemical Standards, Management Standards,
Environmental Standards and so on.
For M&E design and construction there are various COPs too such as:
CP 05-1998 Electrical Installations
CP 10-2005 Fire Alarm System
CP 13-1999 Mechanical Ventilation and Air-Conditioning in Buildings
CP 16 - 1991 Earthing
And so on. All the COPs are subject to continuous change to fit to the world advancement in various
aspects of the industry.
It is responsibility of various parties to ensure the project works are in accordance to the codes.
M&E CONSULTANT
The engineers will work at M&E engineering department for various projects. I am placed to work in
this department to learn from the senior engineers and the Profession Engineers.

As M&E consultants, we are responsible for designing, planning, progress monitoring, co-ordination,
reporting and recording of all the matters pertaining to the execution of projects at all stages of
work. From my observation teamwork is a very important factor in a project and as an engineer we
must work closely with the admins and the draftspersons.
Communication is also an important factor especially with the draftspersons because engineers have
to review the designs and amendments of M&E systems prepared by Chief Designers/ Draftspersons
as well as to consider the advice from the draftsperson for better ways of designing the system.
Teamwork is very important so that the project deadline can be met.
PROJECTS
There are various projects that are tendered by UPC such as HDB, Lab Design, Hotel, Addition
Alteration works and so on.
I am assigned under the care of PE Mr.Poh by one of the director Mr.Tang.
There will be 2 projects that I will be working closely.
DNV TECHNOLOGY CENTRE
This project is meant for upgrading the laboratories at DNV. The company wants to upgrade the
current laboratories to fit the future usage and also to provide means to the installation of new
machines. Hence, there are a lot of M&E works to be done to cater for the improvements.
When I came into this project, the project is at post tender phase.
Hence, I am working to amend the works.

There are several important factors to consider in when designing such project:
1. Chemical Discharge
Designing laboratories are different from designing normal building because of the special
requirements, especially in the case where the lab will discharge chemical effluent. The effluent
removes from the building must comply with the NEA and COP requirement.
Hence when design the sanitary and sewage system we need to check whether filtrations are
needed to filter the waste that might cause pollution or any chemical treatment is needed before
discharging the chemicals.

THINK OF PICTURES/DWG TO BE PUT INTO THE REPORT


When deigning the sanitary system it is important to note for every water tap in an area, the area
must have a floor trap. Plus, to remove greasy and oily effluent especially from the kitchen, grease
trap is needed to trap the effluent. It is a standard t requirement to put grease in such situation.
Here is the picture showing the grease trap.
http://www.sosliquids.com/serviceshome-greaseWorks.aspx picture and explanation

http://www.pub.gov.sg/general/code/Pages/Part3.aspx size

http://www.pub.gov.sg/general/drainageworks/StandardDrawings/Pages/StandardDrawing
s-Sewerage.aspx?Print2=yes standard drawing for sewerage

2. Humidity Control
Certain laboratories in the building require the humidity to be able to be controlled and maintained
at a certain value to protect the equipment as well as not to let the humidity to compromise the
experiments and specimens.
Plus, to make the environment more comfortable, the relative humidity (RH) should be around
65%+/- 10% regardless of the external condition. The humidity might be higher or lower for the
external environment. For example during the night or rain days the humidity will be higher.
Hence if an accurate humidity level of certain value is required even in extreme conditions such as
rainy days, special machines and system are needed to control the humidity of the room.
As a result, there is some equipment considered for the humidity control. check how all this
equipment helps in controlling humidity Round around coil or rotary dehumidifier or heat pipe or
dehumidification unit or a specialised system designed proposed by a specific contractor. These
are the equipment that we have considered. The pictures shows the equipment and the explanation.
For heat pipe. Draw the supply at the top while return at the bottom.
The ACDHUM system will cool and dehumidify hot and humid outside air to the supply air set point
condition. In the cooling mode (see schematic below) outside air (1) is pre-cooled and dehumidified
as it passes through the air to air sensible heat exchanger (2). The air is further cooled and
dehumidified as it passes over the cooling coil (3) before being directed back through the counter
path of the heat exchanger. This supply air is reheated to supply air set point temperature (4) as it
passes back through the heat exchanger and its condition can be precisely trimmed via the bypass
damper. The main source of energy efficiency is attributed to the heat exchanger, as only fan energy
is required to pre cool and reheat the supply airI.
ACDHUM is a cooling system that cool and dehumidify the hot and humid air outside of the
building in the process of pumping the fresh air into the building.
Here describe the process of the system.
It can act as the cooler or as heater. But we are more interested in the cooling mode in Singapore.
(1) The outside air is precooled as it passes through the air sensible heat exchanger.
(2) The air is further cooled and dehumidified by the cooling coil. Condensed water from the air will
be removed by the drain tray
(3) The air is then directed to the counter path of the heat exchanger. When it passes through heat
exchanger the air cools down the new incoming air and at the same time absorb the heat from the
incoming air and further reduces it humidity.
(4) Before entering the duct, the air will pass a bypass damper modulating which it conditions can be
modulated further to yield more accurate conditions.
HEAT PIPE
Heat pipe is a device used to transfer heat energy from one location to another without using
external power supply.
Using heat pipe to cool and reheat the air enables the humidity of the air to be reduced. The
diagram shows how heat pipe works.
The principle used to cool and to reduce the humidity of the air is the same but the working
mechanism is different. Heat pipe uses coolants that will circulate around the pipe to transfer heat
to the air intake area for pre cool and to the air output area for reheat stage to regulate the
temperature as well as the humidity.
SPECIALLY DESIGNED SYSTEM
There is a veteran supplier that proposed a design that is a specially designed system by the
company for the controlling the temperature and humidity. What is good of this design is that it
enables the user to control the humidity at high precision. Such design is the most suitable to be
done at areas such as library to ensure the humidity is always below a certain level to prevent the
books from forming moulds.
The diagram shows the basic schematic of the system. It uses 2 coils to control the cooling and
heating. The cooling coil cools the intake air. The coiling coil that is connected to a heat exchanger
compartment releases the heat to the heating coil. The heating coil absorbed the heat and then
returns to the AHU to reheat the air to an appropriate temperature. It is able to control the humidity
precisely by controlling the amount of refrigerant that flows in the heating coil.
3. Security and Safety
Plus, since they are laboratories, safety and security are important factors to consider. Hence, there
are a lot of CCTVs incorporated into the design.
I have helped to incorporate the CCTV into strategic locations and also always to provide the power
pt for CCTV. The picture shows the CCTVs that I have incorporated into the design.
4. Mechanical Ventilation for acid fumes
The mechanical ventilation is an important design currently to remove the fumes from the lab. After
several discussions, we decide to design 2 separate systems of mechanical ventilation for the
building. One is a centralised system to for normal air while the 2
nd
system is another centralised
system to remove the fumes from the building with single pass (meaning there will be no
recirculation of air in such rooms). This is important to prevent the acid fumes from re-entering the
building.
Through calculations and discussion with the supplier, the early design we came out is shown at the
left page.
I learned about using excel to calculate the heat load of the every rooms. Here is the example of the
excel spread sheet.
Here are the processes of designing the MV system for the laboratories.
1) Air Change Per Hour (Typical air change per hour for lab is about 6-8ACH )
2)From the ACH, we can determine the flow rate needed. From this formula ** CMH
3)From the CMH we determine the heat load and the duct size
4)From the head load we size the AHU.
The formula used to calculate head load is Q = mCp(deltaT). Answer is in Kw. From there we size the
aircond/ mechanical ventilation required used from the supplier catalogue. Explain all the terms
used in the table and calculations

Plus, the designing phase for MV involve working close with the supplier because the supplier knows
the best design for their equipment and we are the to negotiate with them as well to justify their
design cost. 24/4/2013
MVs are important at laboratories that have acid fumes, or cutting works to remove all the dust.
EXPLAIN HEAT PIPE, AMU, OTHER SYSTEM RELEVANT FOR
THE DESIGN



GEOGRAPHICAL FEASIBILTY TEST FOR SUBSTATION AT
ORCHARD CENTRAL
To obtain an independent supply of electricity to its own building.
To locate substation, HT Gear, LV Switch Room, Genset and Transformers.
Plus to simplify and further the 7 incomings to the building.
Put all the pictures and the preliminary report that I have done. Then put my own combined
schematic drawing.




http://www.constructionknowledge.net/electrical/electrical.php#1 basics intro *useful*
http://www.scribd.com/doc/26457083/Mechanical-and-Electrical-Equipment-for-Buildings more
details
http://www.tpub.com/engbas/9.htm
http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_electricaleng.php
http://ehs-standards.blogspot.sg/ summary of some cop
http://app2.nea.gov.sg/codeofpractice.aspx NEA code of practice
http://www.automation.siemens.com/mcms/totally-integrated-power/en/power-distribution-
products-systems/pages/default.aspx electrical power distribution for a building
autocad beginners guide
http://www.we-r-here.com/cad/tutorials/level_4/4-1.htm#create AUTO CAD & DESIGN
http://cad-notes.com/2010/01/using-autocad-navigation-tools/
http://students.autodesk.com/?nd=learning_center2 great mep and autocad 360 learning centre !
http://www.pumpfundamentals.com/tutorial2.htm very useful info about pump and tanks

http://www.scdf.gov.sg/content/scdf_internet/en/building-professionals/fire-safety-permit-and-
certification/temporary-fire-permit.html temporary fire permit TFP
http://www.pub.gov.sg/general/code/Pages/SanitaryDrawings.aspx standard sanitary drawings
http://www.pub.gov.sg/general/code/Pages/default.aspx Code of Practice on Sewerage
and Sanitary Works

http://www.openelectrical.org/wiki/index.php?title=Cable_Sizing_Calculation electrical supply sizing
http://www.electrical-installation.org/enwiki/Main_Page
1) http://electricalengineeringforbeginners.blogspot.sg/search/label/Current
2) http://electricalengineeringforbeginners.blogspot.sg/2009/08/factors-upon-which-resistance-
of.html
http://electricalplan.blogspot.sg/search/label/Basic%20electric
http://www.schneider-electric.com/site/home/index.cfm/ww/
http://www.intraix.com/?page_id=902 useful tips and tricks regarding electricity
http://www.refrigeration-engineer.com/forums/showthread.php?15392-Sensible-and-Latent-
Capacity refrigerant engineer forum
google ASHRAE for ACMV design stuff
http://www.plumb-
techllc.com/Plumbing%20Design%20Info/Domestic%20Cold%20Water%20Systems.htm plumbing
CODE
http://ml.eptc.sg/ HDB material list
http://www.thecircuitdetective.com/bkgrd.htm
http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/ VERY GOOD ELECTRICAL TECHNICAL GUIDE
NEUTRAL WIRE
http://askville.amazon.com/neutral-wire-work-electrical-cable-
explain/AnswerViewer.do?requestId=7624036 neutral wire and unbalanced load
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVUfZi35KmI electrical safety
http://www.3phasepower.org/3phasetransformers.htm three phase transformer
http://www.keison.co.uk/furse/lightning_design_considerations.htm good diagram n explanation of
lightning protection
http://www.eece.ksu.edu/~starret/581/3phase.html#2 unbalanced load
http://www.youtube.com/user/bin952?feature=watch useful electrician video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2ZVSZO6C1g electrical wiring installation
http://www.vanguardfire.com/ pre-action fire sprinkler system
http://www.danfoss-semco.com/Water-Mist-Systems.17.aspx water mist system (used in Singapore
underground cable system)
http://www.wyre.gov.uk/info/200134/advice_on_building_work/166/basic_guide_to_calculating_fa
lls_and_gradients_for_drainage good explanation about backdrop manhole
BIM GUIDE
http://sustainabilityworkshop.autodesk.com/
http://bimcurriculum.autodesk.com/
http://bimcurriculum.autodesk.com/overview/autodesk-bim-architecture-engineering-
and-construction-management-curriculum
http://www.reddit.com/r/UTSA/comments/17bp4d/having_trouble_finding_a_book_online_for_
free/