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Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry for Class XI
Merging man and maths Available online @ http://www.mathcity.org, Version: 1.0.0
{ Question # 1
(i) Let x be a cube root of 8 then
1
x (8)3 x3 8 Review:
1 3
x3 8 0 (x )3 (2)3 0
2
(x 2)(x 2 2x 4) 0 1 3
2
x 2 0 or x 2 2x 4 0 2
2 (2)2 4(1)(4)
x 2 or x
2(1)
2 4 16 2 12
2 2
2 2 3 1 3
2
2 2
1 3 1 3
x 2 or x 2
2 2
x 2 or x 2 2
Hence cube root of 8 are 2,2 and 2 2 .
(ii) Hint
Considering x as a cube root of 8 and Solving as above you will get the following
values of x
2 2 3 2 2 3
x 2 , x , x
2 2
1 3 1 3
x 2 , x 2
2 2
x 2 2 , x 2
Hence cube root of 8 are 2, 2 and 2 2 .
{ Question # 2
1 2 1 w 2 2w 2
8 8
(i)
0 2w 2
8
Q 1 2 0
(2)8 (w 2 )8 256 16
256 15 256 3
5
(ii) 28 w 29 1 27 27 2 1
3 3 2 1
9 9
1 1 2 1
9 9
Q 3 1
2 1
0 Answer Q 1 2 0
(iii) 1 2 1 2
1 2 2 2 1 2 2 Q 1 2 0
0 2 2 0 2 2 2 2
4 3 4(1) = 4 Answer Q 3 1
13 14 2
2 1 Answer Q 1 2 0
1 3 1 3
5 5
(v)
1 3 5 1 3 5 1 3
2 2 Q
2 2 2
1 3
2 5 2 2
5
2
2
32 5 32 10 32 3 2 32 9 1
Q 9 3 (1)3 1
3
32(1) 2 32(1)
32( 2 )
32(1) 32 Q 1 2 0
{ Question # 3
(i) R.H.S= x y x y x 2y
= x y x x 2y y x 2y
= x y x xy xy y
2 2 3 2
= x y x 2 2 xy (1)y 2 Q 3 1
= x y x 1 xy y
2 2
Q 1 2 0
= x y x 2 xy y 2 2 1
=x 3 y 3 L.H.S
(ii) R.H.S= x y z x y 2z x 2y z
= x y z [x 2 2xy xz xy 3y 2 2yz
2xz 4yz 3z 2 ]
= x y z [x 2 ( 2 )xy ( 2 )xz ( 2 4 )yz
3y 2 3z 2 ]
= x y z [x 2 (1)xy (1)xz ( 2 )yz (1)y 2 (1)z 2 ]
Q 4 & 2 1
= x y z [x 2 y 2 z 2 xy (1)yz xz ]
= x y z [x 2 y 2 z 2 xy yz xz ]
x 3 y 3 z 3 3xyz L.H.S
(iii) L.H.S= (1 )(1 2 )(1 4 )(1 8 )............2n factors
[(1 )(1 2 )][(1 4 )(1 8 )]............ n factors
[(1 )(1 2 )][(1 3 )(1 6 2 )]............ n factors
[(1 )(1 2 )][(1 3 )(1 ( 3 )2 2 )]............ n factors
FSC-I - 4.4 - 4
[(1 )(1 2 )][(1 1 )(1 (1)2 2 )]............ n factors
[(1 )(1 2 )][(1 )(1 2 )]............ n factors
n n
(1 )(1 2 ) 1 2 3
0 1n Q 1 2 0 , 3 1
1n 1 R.H.S
{ Question # 4 (i)
Let x 2 x 1 0 ...........(i )
Since is root of (i ) therefore
2 1 0...........(ii )
To prove 2 is root of (i )
2
2
Consider 2 1 4 2 2 1 2
2 1 2 2 1 2 1
2
0 2 1 from (i )
2
2
2 1 0 ...........(iii )
2 is the root of the equation (i ) .
Now subtracting (ii ) from (iii )
2
2
2 1 0
2 1 0
4
0
3 1 0
3 1 0 as 0
3 1
{ Question # 5
Let x be a cube root of 1 then
1
x (1)3 x 3 1
x3 1 0 (x )3 (1)3 0
(x 1)(x 2 x 1) 0
x 1 0 or x2 x 1 0
(1) (1)2 4(1)(1)
x 1 or x
2(1)
1 1 4 1 3
2 2
1 3 1 3
x or x
2 2
1 3i 1 3i
x or x
2 2
1 3i 1 3i
Hence complex cube root of 1 are and .
2 2
FSC-I - 4.4 - 5
{ Question # 6
Since 2 and 2 2 are roots of required equation, therefore
x 2 x 2 2 0
x 2 2x 2 2x 4 3 0
x 2 2x ( 2 ) 4(1) 0 Q 3 1
x 2 2x (1) 4 0 Q 1 2 0
x 2 2x 4 0
is the required equation.
{ Question # 7
(i) Let x be a fourth root of 16 then
1
x (16)4 x 4 16
x 2
2
x 4 16 0 (4)2 0
x 2 4x 2 4 0
x2 4 0 or x2 4 0
x 2 4 or x2 4
x 4 or x 4
x 2i or x 2
Hence the four fourth root of 16 are 2, 2,2i , 2i .
x 2
2
x 4 625 0 (25)2 0
x 2 25x 2 25 0
x 2 25 0 or x 2 25 0
x 2 25 or x 2 25
x 25 or x 25
x 25i or x 25
Hence the four fourth root of 625 are 25, 25,25i , 25i .
Question # 8
(i) 2x 4 32 0
2(x 4 16) 0 x 4 16 0
Now do you as in Question # 7 (i)
(ii) 3y 5 243y 0
3y y 4 81 0
3y 0 or y 4 81 0
FSC-I - 4.4 - 6
y 2 (9)2 0
2
y0 or
y 2 9y 2 9 0
y2 9 0 or y2 9 0
y 2 9 or y2 9
y 9 or y 9
y 3i or y 3
Hence S.Set 0, 3, 3i
(iii) x3 x2 x 1 0
x 2 x 1 1(x 1) 0
(x 1)(x 2 1) 0
x 1 0 or x2 1 0
x 1 or x 2 1 x i
Hence S.Set 1, i
(iv) 5x 5 5x 0
5x (x 4 1) 0
5x 0 or x4 1 0
x 2 (1)2 0
2
x 0 or
x 2 1x 2 1 0
x2 1 0 or x2 1 0
x 2 1 or x2 1
x i or x 1
Hence S.Set 0, 1, i
Error Analyst
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