MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION

N/S
ACTION
Trapezius
Medial third of superior
nuchal line; external
occipital protuberance;
nuchal ligament; S.Ps of
C7 C12 ertebrae
!ateral third of claicle;
acromion and spine of
scapula
"ccessor# nere $C%
&'( and C)* C+ spinal
neres
,escending part eleates;
ascending part depresses;
and middle part retract
scapula; descending and
ascending parts act
together to rotate glenoid
cait# superiorl#
Pectoralis Minor
)
rd
-.
th
ribs near their costal
cartilage
Coracoid Process Medial pectoral
%ere $C/* 01(
Stabili1es scapula b#
dra2ing it inferiorl#
against thoracic 2all
Subclavius
3unction of 1
st
rib and its
costal cartilage
'nferior surface of
middle third of claicle
%ere to subclaius
$C.* C4(
"nchors and depresses
claicle
Levator Scapulae
Posterior tubercles of 0.Ps
of C1 C+ ertebrae
Medial border of scapula
superior to root of spine
,orsal scapular $C.(
and cerical $C)* C+(
neres
5leates scapula and tilts
its glenoid cait#
inferiorl# b# rotating
scapula
ROTATOR CU
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Supraspinatus
Supraspinous fossa of
scapula
Superior facet of greater
tubercle of humerus
Suprascapular nere
$C+* C.* C4(
"bduction of arm and
helps hold the humeral
head 'n the glenoid cait#
of the scapula
In!raspinatus
'nfraspinous fossa of
scapula
Middle facet of greater
tubercle of humerus
Suprascapular %ere
$C.* C4(
!aterall# rotates arm*
6elps hold humeral head
in glenoid cait# of
scapula
Teres Minor
Middle part of lateral border
of scapula
'nferior facet of greater
tubercle of humerus
"xillar# %ere
$C.* C4(
!aterall# rotates arm*
6elps hold humeral head
in glenoid cait# of
scapula
Subscapularis
Subscapular fossa !esser tubercle of
humerus
7pper and !o2er
Subscapular neres
$C.* C4* C7(
Mediall# rotates and
adduct arm* helps hold
humeral head in the
glenoid cait# of the
scapula
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Teres Ma"or
Posterior surface of inferior
angle of scapula
Medial lip of
intertubercular grooe of
humerus
8'C'P'0"! 9:;;<5
!o2er subscapular
neres
$C.* C4* C7(
"dducts and mediall#
rotates arm
Latissi#us $orsi
S.Ps of inferior 4 thoracic
ertebrae* thoracolumbar
fascia* '!'"C C:5S0* and
inferior ) or + ribs
=loor of intertubular
grooe of humerus
8'C'P'0"! 9:;;<5
0horacodorsal nere
$C4* C7* C/(
5xtends* ",,7C0S* and
mediall# rotates humerus*
raises bod# to arms during
climbing
Pectoralis Ma"or
Clavicular Head:
"nterior surface of medial
half of claicle
Sternocostal Head:
"nterior surface of sternum*
superior six costal
cartilages.
!ateral !ip of
intertubercular grooe of
humerus
8'C'P'0"! 9:;;<5
!ateral and medial
pectoral neres>
Claicular 6ead
$C.* C4(
Sternocostal 6ead
$C7* C/* 01(
"dducts and mediall#
rotates humerus* dra2s
scapula anteriorl# and
inferiorl#.
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
R%o#boi$ Minor/
R%o#boi$ Ma"or
Rhomboid Minor:
%uchal ligament* S.Ps of C7
and 01 ertebrae
Rhomboid Major:
S.Ps of 02 0. ertebrae
Rhomboid Minor:
Smooth triangular area at
medial end of scapula
spine
Rhomboid Major:
Medial border of scapula
from leel of spine to
inferior angle
,orsal scapular nere
$C+* C.(
:etract scapula and rotate
it to depress glenoid
cait#; fix scapula to
thoracic 2all
&eltoi$
!ateral third of claicle;
acromion and spine of
scapula
,eltoid tuberosit# of
humerus
"xillar# nere
$C.* C4(
Anterior part: =lexes and
mediall# rotates arm
Middle part: abducts arm
Posterior part: extends
and laterall# rotates arm
Serratus Anterior
5xternal surfaces of lateral
parts of 1
st
-/
th
ribs
"nterior surface of
medial border of scapula
!ong thoracic nere
$C.* C4* C7(
Protracts scapula and
holds it against thoracic
2all* rotates scapula
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
'iceps 'rac%ii
Short head: tip of coracoid
process of scapula
Long head: Supraglenoid
tubercle of scapula
0uberosit# of radius
fascia of forearm ia
bicipital aponeurosis
Musculocutaneous
nere $C.* C4(
Supinates forearm and*
2hen it is supine* flexes
forearm; short head resists
dislocation of shoulder
'rac%ialis
,istal half of anterior
surface of humerus
Coronoid process and
tuberosit# of ulna
Musculocutaneous
nere $C.* C4(
=lexes forearm in all
positions
Coracobrac%ialis
0ip of coracoid process of
scapula
Middle third of medial
surface of humerus
Musculocutaneous
nere $C.* C4* C7(
6elps flex and adduct
arm; resists dislocation of
shoulder
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Anconeus
!ateral epicond#le of
humerus
!ateral surface of
olecranon and superior
part of posterior surface
of ulna
:adial nere
$C7* C/* 01(
"ssists triceps in
extending the forearm;
stabili1es elbo2 ?oint;
ma# abduct ulna during
pronation
Triceps 'rac%ii
Long Head: infraglenoid
tubercle of scapula
Lateral Head: posterior
surface of humerus* superior
to radial grooe
Medial Head: posterior
surface of humerus* inferior
to radial grooe
Proximal end of
olecranon of ulna and
fascia of forearm
:adial nere
$C4* C7* C/(
Chief extensor of forearm;
long head resists
dislocation of humerus;
especiall# important
during abduction
OREARM LE(ORS
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Pronator
Teres
Medial epicond#le of
6umerus $common flexor
origin( and coronoid process
of ulna
Middle of conexit# of
lateral surface of radius
Median nere
$C4* C7(
Pronates and flexes
forearm $at elbo2(
le)or
Carpi
Ra$ialis
Medial epicond#le of
humerus $common flexor
origin(
8ase of 2
nd
metacarpal Median nere
$C4* C7(
=lexes and abducts hand
$at 2rist(
Pal#aris
Lon*us
Medial epicond#le of
humerus
$common flexor origin(
,istal half of flexor
retinaculum and apex of
palmer aponeurosis
Median nere
$C7* C/(
=lexes hand $at 2rist( and
tenses palmer aponeurosis
le)or
Carpi
Ulnaris
Medial epicond#le of
humerus
$common flexor origin(
,istal half of flexor
retinaculum and apex of
palmer aponeurosis
Median nere
$C7* C/(
=lexes and adducts hand
$at 2rist(
OREARM LE(ORS
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
le)or
&i*itoru#
Super!icialis
Medial epicond#le $common
flexor origin and coronoid
process(
Shafts $bodies( of middle
phalanges of medial four
fingers
Median %ere
$C7* C/* 01(
=lexes middle phalanges
at Proximal
'nterphalangeal ?oints of
middle four fingers* also
flexes phalanges at
metacarpophalangeal
?oints
le)or
&i*itoru#
Pro!un$us
Proximal three @uarters of
medial and anterior surfaces
of ulna and interosseous
membrane
8ases of distal phalanges
of +
th
and .
th
fingers
7lnar nere
$C/* 01(
=lexes distal phalanges +
and .at distal
interphalangeal ?oints
le)or
Pollicis
Lon*us
"nterior surface of radius
and ad?acent interosseous
membrane
8ase of distal phalanx of
thumb
"nterior interosseous
nere* from median
nere
$C/* 01(
=lexes phalanges of 1
st

digit $thumb(
Pronator
+ua$ratus
,istal @uarter of anterior
surface of ulna
,istal @uarter of anterior
surface of radius
"nterior interosseous
nere* from median
nere
$C/* 01(
Pronates forearm* binds
the radius and ulna
together.
OREARM E(TENSORS
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
'rac%iora$ialis
Proximal t2o thirds of
supraepicond#lar ridge of
humerus
!ateral surface of distal
end of radius proximal to
st#loid process
:adial nere
$C.* C4* C7(
:elatiel# 2eeA finger
flexion of forearm*
maximal 2hen forearm is
in midpronated position
E)tensor
Carpi
Ra$ialis
Lon*us
!ateral supraepicond#lar
ridge of humerus
,orsal aspect of base of
2
nd
metacarpal
:adial nere
$C4* C7(
5xtend and abduct hand
and 2rist ?oint; actie
during fist clenching
E)tensor
Carpi
Ra$ialis
'revis
!ateral epicond#le of
humerus $common
extensor origin(
,orsal aspect of base of
)
rd
metacarpal
,eep branch of radial
nere
$C7* C/(
5xtend and abduct hand
and 2rist ?oint
E)tensor
&i*itoru#
!ateral epicond#le of
humerus $common
extensor origin(
5xtensor expansions of
medial four fingers
Posterior
interosseous nere
$C7* C/(
5xtends medial four
fingers primaril# at
metacarpophalangeal
?oints* secondaril# at
interphalangeal ?oints.
OREARM E(TENSORS
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
E)tensor
&i*iti
Mini#i
!ateral epicond#le of
humerus $common extensor
origin(
5xtensor expansion of .
th
finger
Posterior
interosseous nere
$C7* C/(
5xtends .
th
finger
primaril# at
metacarpophalangeal
?oint* secondaril# at
interphalangeal ?oints
E)tensor
Carpi
Ulnaris
!ateral epicond#le of
humerus; posterior border of
ulna ia a shared
aponeurosis
,orsal aspect off base of
.
th
metacarpal
Posterior
interosseous nere
$C7* C/(
5xtends and adducts hand
at 2rist ?oint $also actie
during 2rist flexion(
Supinator
!ateral epicond#le of
humerus; radial collateral
and anular ligaments;
supinator fossa; crest of ulna
!ateral posterior* and
anterior surfaces of
proximal third of radius
,eep branch of radial
nere
$C7* C/(
Supinates forearm; rotates
radius to turn palm
anteriorl# or superiorl#
E)tensor
In$icis
Posterior surface of distal
third of ulna and
interosseous membrane
5xtensor expansion of
2
nd
finger
Posterior
interosseous nere
$C7* C/(
5xtends 2
nd
finger
$enabling its independent
extension(; helps extend
the 2rist ?oint
OREARM E(TENSORS
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Ab$uctor
Pollicis
Lon*us
Posterior surface of proximal
hales of ulna* radius and
interosseous membrane
8ase of 1
st
metacarpal Posterior
interosseous nere
$C7* C/(
"bducts thumb and extends
it at carpometacarpal ?oint
E)tensor
Pollicis
Lon*us
Posterior surface of middle
third of ulna and
interosseous membrane
,orsal aspect of base of
distal phalanx of thumb
Posterior
interosseous nere
$C7* C/(
5xtends distal phalanx of
thumb at interphalangeal
?oint; extends
metacarpophalangeal and
carpometacarpal ?oints
E)tensor
Pollicis
'revis
Posterior surface of distal
third of radius and
interosseous membrane
,orsal aspect of base of
proximal phalanx of
thumb
Posterior
interosseous nere
$C7* C/(
5xtends proximal phalanx
of thumb at
metacarpophalangeal ?oint;
extends carpometacarpal
?oint
T,ENAR MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Opponens
pollicis

=lexor retinaculum and
tubercles of scaphoid and
trape1ium
!ateral side of 1
st

metacarpal
:ecurrent branch of
median nere
$C/* 01(
0o oppose thumb* it dra2s
1
st
metacarpal mediall# to
centre of palm and rotates it
mediall#
Ab$uctor
Pollicis
'revis
=lexor retinaculum and
tubercles of scaphoid and
trape1ium
!ateral side of base of
proximal phalanx of
thumb
:ecurrent branch of
median nere
$C/* 01(
"bducts thumb; helps
oppose it
le)or
Pollicis
'revis
=lexor retinaculum and
tubercles of scaphoid and
trape1ium
!ateral side of base of
proximal phalanx of
thumb
:ecurrent branch of
median nere
$C/* 01(
=lexes thumb
A$$uctor
Pollicis
Oblique Head: 8ases of 2
nd

and )
rd
metacarpals* capitate*
ad?acent carpals
ransverse Head: "nterior
surface of shaft of )
rd

metacarpal
Medial side of base of
proximal phalanx of
thumb
,eep branch of ulnar
nere
$C/* 01(
"dducts thumb to2ard
lateral border of palm
,-POT,ENAR MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Ab$uctor
&i*iti
Mini#i
Pisiform Medial side of base of
proximal phalanx of .
th

finger
,eep branch of ulnar
nere
$C/* 01(
"bducts .
th
finger* assists in
flexion of its proximal
phalanx
le)or
&i*iti
Mini#i
'revis
6ooA of hamate and flexor
retinaculum
Medial side of base of
proximal phalanx of .
th

finger
,eep branch of ulnar
nere
$C/* 01(
=lexes proximal phalanx of
.
th
finger
Opponens
&i*iti
Mini#i
6ooA of hamate and flexor
retinaculum
Medial border of .
th

metacarpal
,eep branch of ulnar
nere
$C/* 01(
,ra2s .
th
metacarpal
anterior and rotates it*
brings the .
th
finger into
opposition 2ith thumb
S,ORT MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Lu#brical
.
st
/ 0
n$

!ateral t2o tendons of flexor
digitorum profundus
!ateral sides of extensor
expansions of 2
nd
-.
th

fingers
Median %ere
$C/* 01(
=lex metacarpophalangeal
?oints; extend
interphalangeal ?oints of
2
nd
-.
th
fingers
Lu#brical
1
r$
/ 2
t%

Medial three tendons of
flexor digitorum profundus
!ateral sides of extensor
expansions of 2
nd
-.
th

fingers
,eep branch of ulnar
nere
$C/* 01(
=lex metacarpophalangeal
?oints; extend
interphalangeal ?oints of
2
nd
-.
th
fingers
&orsal
interossei
.
st
3 2
t%

"d?acent sides of t2o
metacarpals
8ases of proximal
phalanges; extensor
expansions of 2
nd
-+
th

fingers
,eep branch of ulnar
nere
$C/* 01(
"bduct 2
nd
-+
th
fingers from
axial line; act 2ith
lumbricals in flexing
metacarpophalangeal ?oints
and extending
interphalangeal ?oints
Pal#ar
interossei
.
s t
3 1
r$

Palmar surfaces of 2
nd
* +
th

and .
th
metacarpals
8ases of proximal
phalanges; extensor
expansions of 2
nd
* +
th
and
.
th
fingers
,eep branch of ulnar
nere
$C/* 01(
"dduct 2
nd
* +
th
and .
th
digits
to2ard axial line and assist
lumbricals in flexing
metacarpophalangeal ?oints
and extending
interphalangeal ?oints
SUPRA,-OI& MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
M4lo%4oi$
M#loh#oid line of mandible M#loh#oid raphe and
bod# of h#oid
%ere to M#loh#oid* a
branch of inferior
aleolar nere $from
mandibular nere* C%
<)(
5leates h#oid* floor of
mouth* and tongue during
s2allo2ing and speaAing
Genio%4oi$
'nferior mental spine of
mandible
8od# of 6#oid C1 ia h#poglossal
nere
$C% &''(
Pulls h#oid
anterosuperiorl#; shortens
floor of mouth; 2idens
phar#nx
St4lo%4oi$
St#loid process of temporal
bone
8od# of 6#oid St#loh#oid branch of
facial nere $C% &''(
5leates and retracts h#oid*
thus elongating floor of
mouth
&i*astric
Anterior bell!: ,igastric
fossa of Mandible
Posterior bell!: Mastoid
notch of temporal bone
'ntermediate tendon to
bod# and greater horn of
h#oid
Anterior bell!: %ere
to M#loh#oid* a
branch of inferior
aleolar nere
Posterior bell!:
,igastric branch of
facial nere $C% <''(
;pens the ?a2 2hen
masseter and temporalis are
relaxed
In!ra%4oi$ / Supra%4oi$ Muscles
INRA,-OI& MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Sterno%4oi$
Manubrium of sternum and
medial end of claicle
8od# of h#oid C1 C) b# branch of
ansa cericalis
,epresses h#oid after
eleation during s2allo2ing
O#o%4oi$
Superior border of scapula
near suprascapular notch
'nferior border of h#oid C1 C) b# branch of
ansa cericalis
,epresses* retracts* and
steadies h#oid
Sternot%4roi$
Posterior surface of
manubrium of sternum
;bli@ue line of th#roid
cartilage
C2 and C) b# branch
of ansa cericalis
,epresses h#oid and lar#nx
T%4ro%4oi$
;bli@ue line of th#roid
cartilage
'nferior border of bod#
and greater horn of
h#oid
C1 ia h#poglossal
nere $C% &''(
,epresses h#oid and
eleates lar#nx
ANTERIOR 5ERTE'RAL MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Lon*us Coli
"nterior tubercle of C1
ertebra $atlas(; bodies of C1
C) and 0.Ps of C) C4
ertebrae
8odies of C. 0)
ertebrae; 0.Ps of C)
C. ertebrae
"nterior rami of C2
C4 spinal neres
=lexes necA 2ith rotation to
opposite side if acting
unilaterall#
Lon*us Capitis
8asilar part of occipital bone "nterior tubercles of C)
C4 0.Ps
"nterior rami of C1
C) spinal neres
=lex head
Rectus Capitis
Anterior
8ase of SAull* ?ust anterior
to occipital cond#le
"nterior surface of
lateral mass of atlas
$C1 ertebra(
8ranches from loop
bet2een
=lex 6ead
Rectus Capitis
Lateralis
3ugular process of occipital
bone
0.Ps of atlas $C1( 8ranches from loop
bet2een C1 and C2
spinal neres
=lexes head and helps
stabili1e
LATERAL 5ERTE'RAL MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Splenius Capitis
'nferior nuchal ligament and
S.Ps of superior 4 thoracic
ertebrae
!ateral aspect of mastoid
process and lateral third
of superior nuchal line
Posterior rami of
middle cerical spinal
neres
!aterall# flexes and rotates
head and necA to same side>
bilaterall# extends head and
necA
Splenius Cervicis
%uchal !igament and S.Ps
of C7 0) or 0+ ertebrae
0ubercles of 0.Ps of C1
C) or C+ ertebrae
Posterior rami of
spinal neres
!aterall# flexes and rotates
head and necA to same side>
bilaterall# extends head and
necA
Anterior Scalene
0.Ps of C+ C4 1
st
rib Cerical spinal neres
C+ C4
=lex 6ead
Mi$$le Scalene
Posterior tubercles of 0.Ps
of C+ C4 ertebrae
Superior surface of 1
st

rib; posterior grooe for
subclaian arter#
"nterior rami of
cerical spinal neres
=lexes necA laterall#;
eleates 1
st
rib during forced
inspiration
Posterior Scalene
Posterior tubercles of 0.Ps
of C+ C4 ertebrae
5xternal border of 2
nd
rib "nterior rami of
cerical spinal neres
C7 and C/
=lexes necA laterall#;
eleates 2
nd
rib during
forced inspiration
SU'OCCIPITAL MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Superior Obli6ue
0.P of C1 ;ccipital bone bet2een
superior and inferior
nuchal line
Suboccipital %ere
In!erior Obli6ue
S.P of C2 0.P of C1 Suboccipital %ere
Rectus Capitis
Posterior Ma"or
S.P of C2 'nferior nuchal line of
occipital bone
Suboccipital %ere
C1
Rectus Capitis
Posterior Minor
Posterior tubercle of arch of
ertebra o C1
'nferior nuchal line of
occipital line
8ranch of Suboccipital
%ere
:ectus Capitis
Posterior Minor
:ectus Capitis
Posterior Ma?or
;bli@ue Superior
;bli@ue 'nferior
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Plat4s#a
'nferior border of mandible*
sAin* and subcutaneous
tissues of lo2er face
=ascia coering superior
parts of pectoralis ma?or
and deltoid muscles
Cerical branch of
=acial nere
$C% <''(
,ra2s corner of mouth
inferiorl# and 2idens as in
expressions of sadness and
fright
Sternoclei$o#astoi$
7SCM8
!ateral surface of mastoid
process of temporal bone
and lateral half of superior
nuchal line
Sternal Head>
"nterior surface of
manubrium of sternum
Clavicular Head:
Superior surface of
medial third of claicle
Spinal "ccessor#
nere $C% &'(;
C2 and C) neres
"nilateral contraction:
0ilts head to same side and
rotates it so face is turned
superiorl# to2ard opposite side
#ilateral contraction:
1. extends necA at "; ?oints
2. flexes cerical ertebrae so
that chin approaches
manubrium
). extends superior cerical
ertebrae 2hile flexing inferior
ertebrae so chin is thrust
for2ard 2ith head Aept leel
ACIAL MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Occipito!rontalis
rontal bell4
Occipital bell4
5picranial aponeurosis
!ateral t2o thirds of
superior nuchal line
SAin and subcutaneous
tissue of e#ebro2s and
forehead
5picranial aponeurosis
C% <''
C% <''
5leates e#ebro2s and
2rinAles sAin of forehead;
protracts scalp
:etracts scalp; increasing
effectieness of frontal bell#
Te#poroparietalis
9aleal aponeurosis "poneurosis aboe
auricularis
C% <'' =ixes galeal aponeurosis
Orbicularis Oculi
Medial orbital margin;
medial palpebral ligament;
lacrimal bone
SAin around margin of
orbit; superior and
inferior tarsal plates
C% <'' Closes e#elids; palpebral
part does so gentl#; orbital
part tightl# $2inAing(
Orbicularis Oris
Medial maxilla and
mandible; deep surface of
perioral sAin; angle of mouth
Mucous membrane of
lips
C% <'' 0onus closes rima oris;
Phasic contraction
compresses and protrudes
lips $Aissing( or resists
distension $2hen blo2ing(

ACIAL MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
'uccinator
Mandible* aleolar processes
of maxilla and mandible*
pter#gomandibular raphe
"ngle of Mouth;
;rbicularis oris
C% <'' Presses cheeA against molar
teeth; 2orAs 2ith tongue to
Aeep food bet2een occlusal
surfaces and out of oral
estibule; resists distension
$2hen blo2ing(
94*o#atic Ma"or
!ateral aspect of 1#gomatic
bone
"ngle of Mouth C% <'' Part of dilators of mouth;
eleate labial commissure
bilaterall# to smile;
unilaterall# to sneer
94*o#atic Minor
"nterior aspect * 1#gomatic
bone
SAin of upper lip C% <'' Part of dilators of mouth;
retract $eleate( andBor eert
upper lip; deepen nasolabial
sulcus $sadness(
Mentalis
8od# of mandible $anterior
to roots of inferior incisors(
SAin of chin
$mentolabial sulcus(
C% <'' 5leates and protrudes
lo2er lip; eleates sAin of
chin $doubt(
Nasalis
=rontal process of maxilla %asal aponeurosis C% <'' ;pens and closes nostrils *
particularl# in forced
respiration
LATERAL 5ERTE'RAL MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Te#poralis
0riangular muscle 2ith
broad attachment to floor of
temporal fossa and deep
surface of temporal fascia
%arro2 attachment to lip
and medial surface of
coronoid process and
anterior border of ramus
of mandible
C% <) 5leates mandible* closing
?a2s. Che2ing
Masseter
Cuadrate muscle attaching to
inferior border and medial
surface of maxillar# process
of 1#gomatic bone and the
1#gomatic arch
"ngle and lateral surface
of ramus of mandible
C% <) 5leates mandible* closing
?a2s. Che2ing
Lateral Pter4*oi$
0riangular 2 headed muscle
from 1. infratemporal
surface and crest of greater
2ing of sphenoid and
2. lateral surface of lateral
pter#goid plate
"pper head: "ttached
primaril# to ?oint capsule
and articular disc of 0M3
$n%erior head: attaches
primaril# to pter#goid
foea on anteromedial
aspect of necA of
cond#loid process of
mandible
C% <) #ilaterall!> protracts
mandible and depresses
chin.
"nilaterall!: s2ings ?a2
to2ard contralateral side
"lternate unilateral
contraction produces larger
lateral che2ing moements
Me$ial Pter4*oi$
Cuadrangular 2 headed
muscle from 1. Medial
surface of lateral pter#goid
plate and p#ramidal process
of palatine bone 2. tuberosit#
of maxilla
Medial surface of ramus
of mandible* inferior to
mandibular foramen
C% <) "cts s#nergicall# 2ith
masseter to eleate
mandible; contributes to
protrusion; alternate
unilateral actiit# produces
smaller grinding moements
ERECTOR SPINAE MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Iliocostalis
.:
Lon*issi#us
0:
Spinalis
1:
"rises b# a broad tendon
from posterior part of iliac
crest* posterior surface of
sacrum* sacroiliac
ligaments* sacral and
inferior lumbar S.Ps* and
supraspinous ligament
!umboruum* thoracic *
cericis; fibres run
superiorl# to angles of
lo2er ribs and cerical
0.Ps
Posterior rami of
spinal neres
#ilaterall!: 5xtend ertebral
column and head; as bacA is
flexed* control moement
b# graduall# lengthening
their fibres
"nilaterall!: !aterall# flex
ertebral column
"rises b# a broad tendon
from posterior part of iliac
crest* posterior surface of
sacrum* sacroiliac
ligaments* sacral and
inferior lumbar S.Ps* and
supraspinous ligament
0horacic * cericis*
capitis; fibres run
superiorl# to ribs
bet2een tubercles and
angles to 0.Ps in
thoracic and cerical
regions* and to mastoid
process
Posterior rami of
spinal neres
#ilaterall!: 5xtend ertebral
column and head; as bacA is
flexed* control moement
b# graduall# lengthening
their fibres
"nilaterall!: !aterall# flex
ertebral column
"rises b# a broad tendon
from posterior part of iliac
crest* posterior surface of
sacrum* sacroiliac
ligaments* sacral and
inferior lumbar S.Ps* and
supraspinous ligament
0horacic* cericis*
capitis; fibres run
superiorl# to S.Ps in the
upper thoracic region
and to the cranium
Posterior rami of
spinal neres
#ilaterall!: 5xtend ertebral
column and head; as bacA is
flexed* control moement
b# graduall# lengthening
their fibres
"nilaterall!: !aterall# flex
ertebral column
TRANS5ERSOSPINALIS MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Se#ispinalis
"rises from 0.Ps of C+
C12 ertebrae
0horacic* cericis*
capitis; fibres run
superomediall# to
occipital bone and S.Ps
in thoracic and cerical
regions spanning + 4
segments
Posterior rami of
spinal neres
5xtends head and thoracic
and cerical regions of
ertebral column and rotates
them contralaterall#
Multi!i$us
"rises from posterior
sacrum* posterior superior
iliac spine of ilium*
aponeurosis of erector
spinae* sacroiliac ligaments*
mamillar# processes of
lumbar ertebrae* 0.Ps of
01 0). articular processes
of C+ C7
0hicAest in lumbar
region; fibres pass
obli@uel#
superomediall# to entire
length of S.Ps of
ertebrae * located 2 +
segments superior to
origin
Posterior rami of
spinal neres
Stabili1es ertebrae during
local moements of
ertebral column
Rotatores
"rise from 0.Ps of
ertebrae; best deeloped in
thoracic region
=ibres pass
superomediall# to attach
to ?unction of lamina and
0.Ps or S.Ps of ertebra
immediatel# $breis( or
2 segments $!ongus(
superior to ertebra of
origin
Posterior rami of
spinal neres
Stabili1e ertebrae and
assist 2ith local extension
and rotator# moements of
ertebral column; ma#
function as organs of
proprioception
ANTEROLATERAL A'&OMINAL ;ALL MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
E)ternal
Obli6ue
5xternal Surfaces of ribs .-
12
!inea "lba* pubic
tubercle* anterior half of
iliac crest
'nferior 4 0horacic
neres* and subcostal
neres.
Compresses and supports
abdominal iscera* flexes
and rotates trunA.
Internal
Obli6ue
0horacolumbar =ascia*
anterior 2B) of iliac crest*
lateral D of inguinal
ligament.
'nferior borders of 1E
th
-
12
th
ribs* !inea "lba*
con?oint tendon.
<entral :ami of
inferior 4 0horacic
neres* 1
st
!umbar
nere.
Compresses and supports
abdominal iscera* flexes
and rotates trunA
Transverse
Ab$o#inis
'nternal surfaces of 7-12
th

costal cartilages*
thoracolumbar fascia* iliac
crest* lateral 1B) of inguinal
ligament.
!inea "lba* con?oint
tendon.
<entral :ami of the
inferior 4 0horacic
neres and 1
st
lumbar
nere.
Compresses and supports
abdominal iscera and
assists in core stabilit# and
stabilising the lumbar spine.
Rectus Ab$o#inis
Pubic s#mph#sis and pubic
crest.
&ipohoid process and
.
th
-7
th
costal cartilages.
<entral :ami of
inferior 4 thoracic
neres.
=lexes trunA and
compresses abdominal
iscera.
POSTERIOR A'&OMINAL ;ALL MUSCLES
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION
N/S
ACTION
Psoas
Ma"or
0Ps of !umbar <ertebrae*
lateral side of ertebral
bodies of 012-!. and '<,s
!esser 0rochanter of the
femur.
<entral branches of
!2E+
7nilaterall#; flexion of
thigh* ipsilateral
sidebending of !x spine.
8ilaterall#; =lexion of trunA
2hen lo2er limb is fixed.
Iliacus
Superior 2B) of iliac fossa*
"la of Sacrum* "nterior
Sacroiliac !igaments
3oins 2ith tendon of
Psoas Ma?or to the lesser
trochanter of femur
=emoral %ere $!2-+( =lexes thigh* stabilises hip
?oint* =lexes pelis 2hen
2orAing 2ith Psoas Ma?or
+ua$ratus
Lu#boru#
Medial 'liac crest* iliolumbar
ligament
Medial D of 12
th
rib and
tips of the !umbar 0Ps
<entral 8ranches of
012-!+ Spinal %s
5xtends and sidebends
ertebral column* dra2s 12
th
rib inferiorl# during
respiration.
MUSCLES O RESPIRATION
MUSCLE ORIGIN7sup8 INS 7in!8
N/S
ACTION
&iap%ra*#
Sternal origins* costal
origins* ertebral origins*
median arcuate ligament
$aorta(* medial arcuate
ligament $psoas(* lateral
arcuate ligament $C!(
=ibres run
superomediall# to
conerge and insert into
a central tendon
:F! Phrenic %eres
$C)-+-. Aeeps the
diaphragm alie(
E)ternal
Intercostals
'nferior border of ribs Superior border of ribs 'ntercostal neres 5leates ribs during forced
inspiration.
Internal
Intercostals
'nferior border of ribs Superior border of ribs 'ntercostal neres 'nterosseous part depresses
ribs* interchondral part
eleates ribs during actie
respiration.
Serratus Posterior
Superior
%uchal !igament* spinous
processes of C7-0)
ertebrae
Superior borders of 2
nd
to
+
th
ribs
2
nd
to .
th
intercostal
neres
5leates ribs
Serratus Posterior
In!erior
Spinous Processes of 011-!2
ertebrae
'nferior borders of /th-
12th ribs near angles.
"nterior :ami of 0G-
012 thoracic spinal
neres
,epresses :ibs