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The document discusses various topics related to civil construction and masonry structures. It provides multiple choice questions about:
1. The cracking force and load resistance of masonry members under compression with different mortar classes.
2. The characteristic compressive strength of masonry and its relationship to the mortar compressive strength.
3. Factors that affect the load resistance of masonry columns under compression, such as their cross-sectional area and effective length.
The document discusses various topics related to civil construction and masonry structures. It provides multiple choice questions about:
1. The cracking force and load resistance of masonry members under compression with different mortar classes.
2. The characteristic compressive strength of masonry and its relationship to the mortar compressive strength.
3. Factors that affect the load resistance of masonry columns under compression, such as their cross-sectional area and effective length.
The document discusses various topics related to civil construction and masonry structures. It provides multiple choice questions about:
1. The cracking force and load resistance of masonry members under compression with different mortar classes.
2. The characteristic compressive strength of masonry and its relationship to the mortar compressive strength.
3. Factors that affect the load resistance of masonry columns under compression, such as their cross-sectional area and effective length.
compression made by full bricks and a low value of mortar class, the cracking force (Ncr, in N) increases up to: a. (0,5,,0,6) from the fracture force (Nfr) b. (0,7,,0,8) from the fracture force (Nfr) c. it does not increase d. it decreases 2. The safety margin of load resistance (NR,d , in N) of masonry members in compression with tension crackings is higher as usual for: a. a high value of the mortar class b. a low value of the mortar class c. it does not matter what the class of mortar is d. it is less as usual one 3. Pick the characteristic value of the masonry compressive strength 2 25 . 0 m 65 . 0 b k mm / N in f Kf = f versus the mortar compressive strength (fm): a. higher than the mortar compressive strength b. equal to the mortar compressive strength c. less than the mortar compressive strength d. a relationship between mortar and masonry compressive strengths does not exist 4. Face to the usual compressive strength (fk) in N.mm -2 , the value of crushing strength of masonry, i.e. a local compressive strength on a smaller area (f l, k), is a. higher than the compressive strength b. less than the compressive strength c. equal to the compressive strength d. no general rule can be given 5. The initial tangent modulus of elasticity (E0=.fk) in N.mm -2 of masonry specimen in compression depends on: a. the normal unit stress () b. the elastic characteristic of masonry () c. the modulus of elasticity (E) d. the stress-strain behavior 6. Two masonry columns in compression made by the same material and having the same design compressive strength ( B d A d f f ) expressed in N.mm -2 and the same effective (buckling) length are presented in the figure. Pick the load resistances (NR,d) condition expressed in N:
a. NR,d of specimen A is greater than NR,d of specimen B b. NR,d of specimen A is less than NR,d of specimen B c. NR,d of specimen A is equal to NR,d of specimen B d. it does not matter what the ratio is. 7. Choose the best answer for the compressed area (Ac) in mm 2 of masonry wall under eccentric load (N) expressed in N, and applied outside of the central core, where the tensile stress does not exceed the tensile strength in bending: a. the compressed area lies from the most compressed fiber up to the neutral axis b. the compressed area is symmetrically given to the force N c. the compressed area is equal to the entire cross-sectional area d. the compressed area is equal to the crushing area. 8. It is virtually impossible to apply an axial load to a column or an wall since this would require the perfect units with no fabrication errors. The vertical load (N) a. the reducing of the axial load resistance (NR,d) with a suitable capacity reduction factor ( m , i ) b. ei,m loading eccentricity will be eccentrically taken to the central axis and this will produce a bending moment (M) in the member. The additional moment can be allowed for: c. tef effective tickness and hef effective storey height d. SR= hef / tef =slenderness ratio less than 3. 9. Compute and explain the structural eccentricity for hinged props pattern of an outer masonry wall subjected to a Vertical Eccentric Compressive Loading. The load transmitted by a single floor is assumed to act at ....of the depth of the bearing area from the inner face of the wall: a one-third b a half c two-thirds d zero 10. The left side of Equation NS,d NR,d is considered for : a checking for the load resistance (carrying) capacity b finding the bearing (compressed) area c finding the design external compressive load on the member by Static Analysis d finding the design compressive strength for selection of brick and mortar class 11. The right sides of Equation NS,d NR,d is considered for a checking for the load resistance (carrying) capacity b finding the bearing (compressed) area c finding the bearing depth of cross section d finding the design compressive strength for selection of brick and mortar class. 12. Assuming that the volumetric unit mass of the reinforced concrete (=m/V) is 2400 kg.m -3 and the gravitational constant (g) is 10 m.s -2 , compute the unit weight (.g) of the reinforced concrete in kN.m -3 and choose the best answer: a 24000 b 2400 c 240 d 24 13. For two-storey rigid structure with 3Dx2LTx2H and made by structural masonry walls, compute the ultimate design load (Gd) in kN on outer masonry wall A1-B1 loaded floor area. Input Data: dead load (DL), live load (LL) qk=1500 N.m -2 , outer (inner) wall thickness (d) of 25 cm, concrete plate thickness (hpl) of 150 mm, span (D) of 6.00 m, bay (LT) of 6.00 m, storey height (H) of 3.00m, the volumetric unit mass of concrete (masonry) =2400 kg.m -3 (1800), the gravitational constant (g) of 10 m.s -2 , and partial safety factors (F) of 1.35 for DL and 1.50 for LL. Choose the best answer: a 175 b 110 c 45 d 20 14. Explain both N & M diagrams for hinged props pattern on storey height of an outer masonry wall subjected to a Vertical Eccentric Compressive Loading with reference to zero value: a zero value of N on the top b zero value of M on the top c zero value of N at the bottom d zero value of M at the bottom 15. Two slopes pitched roof made by king post truss and having the p% slope and a half roof length L0, in mm in the horizontal projection, will be designed to support a snow load exposure level (s k) in kN.m -2
for two loading patterns: full equal (uncrowded) and partial crowded. Make a commentary for the second, why for? because of a is there another loading in the pattern to explain this situation? Wind load or something? b characteristic value of snow load on the earth level (s 0,k) in kN.m -2 greater for Suceava c shape coefficient () of 2 slopes pitched roof is 0.8 d exposure coefficient of placement (Ce) is 1 for a partial exposure, while the thermal coefficient (Ct) is 1 for thermal insulation applied on last floor plate 16. There are two wind characteristic forces ) A . c ). Z ( c . q = ) Z ( F ( ref f e ref w , in kN, due to the wind pressure on windward reference surfaces (Aref) in m 2 for 1-storey building having 12 m x 10 m in layout, and a height of 3 m up to the eaves, with two slopes of p%=tg20 0 pitched roof and iron sheet covering. What thing makes the difference?
a the reference wind pressure (qref) of 1.0 kN.m -2 ? b an exposure factor (ce) of 2.0 in Iasi area with a low density of buildings? c the aerodynamic force factor (cf) of 1.4 named shape factor of building? d both reference areas (Aref) in m 2 ?
CIVIL CONSTRUCTIONS 2
1. Choice of zero level (ground floor) of the building depend on: a. the possibilities of access in the building; b. the type of roof slab; c. the underground water level; d. the type partition walls. 2. For the choice of waterproofing system for the building infrastructure is taken into account: a. the climatic area of the location; b. continuous or discontinuous program of building use; c. building height. d. underground water action (with or without pressure); 3. The waterproofing system with counterweight plate (slab) is adopted: a. when hw <1.00 m; b. when hw> 1.00 m; c. for dry land sites with hydrostatic level above 10 m depth; d. for buildings with habitable semi-basement. 4. The compensation loop used for building waterproofing provides: a. support for live loads in the basementrooms; b a good behaviour of the waterproofing against settlements deformations; c. to ensure good behavior of the waterproofing to increased hydrostatic pressure; d. taking over the effect of expansion and contraction at terraces. 5. The vertical elements which take over and transmit the loads from floor slabs are: a. structural walls; b. partition walls; c. masonry walls fixed into the frames; d. curtain walls. 6. Timber wall of frame and infill elements of wood beams ends: a. have great loss of wood; b. have columns, feet and bracing; c. the ends of the beams are fixed by means of tie rods; d. the joints are made by carving the wood. 7. Unreinforced masonry walls (URM) are characterized by: a. great capacity to dissipate seismic energy, b. high resistance to tensile perpendicular to the bead joint, c. small resistance to main tensile stresses: d. high ductility. 8. Advantages of solid wood walls: a. are lightweight; b. are combustible; c. are attacked by insects or fungi; d. risk of decay. 9. Ceramic masonry and b.c.a. walls shows good hygrothermal behaviour because: a. have low thermal inertia (for summer comfort); b. have good behaviour for mass transfer; c. are currently provided with a vapour diffusion layer; d. have a good ability soundproofing to impact noise. 10. Interior structural walls can be made of: a. masonry, anchored by bonding and column ties b. plasterboard - with or without internal gaps; c. wood or metal frame and in fill elements - plates; d. glass slates (elements). 11. Non-structural (carried) external walls can be made of: a. metal sheet with insulating core panels; b. precast concrete panels; c. lightweight wooden panels fixed into the frame structure; d. lightweight panels for curtain facades. 12. The disadvantages of the lightweight facades are: a. high thermal inertia; b. increased tightness; c. very great rigidity in their plane; d. higher price of cost per unit of surface compered to masonry walls. 13. The constructive elements, with structural function in the masonry walls are: a. lintels, wall beams; b. ventilation channels and chimneys; c. cornice and attic; d. strain joints. 14. Cold roofs, characteristics : a. it is a compact roof; b. is a sloping roof with loft access; c. between the thermal insulation and roof covering it is an air space with the temperature close to that of the outdoor air; d. it is an uncirculated terrace; 15. The hygrometrical behaviour of attic roofs is good because: a. the overheating effect in summer is similar to the case of nonwalkable terraces; b. is good if it is achieved a corrected thermal resistance R'< 1,00 m 2 K / W; c. present an average soundproofing; d. has no risk of vapour condensation since it is produced a continuous ventilation. 16. Flat (or terrace) roofs: a. have a slope of 25 ... 45%; b. have a slope of 2 ... 7%; c. have a slope of 8 ... 24%; d. do not have waterproofing in their structure. 17. The flights can be: a. layers of finish to floors; b. with average steps for fixed stairs c. without handrail or parapet in dwellings; d. with the same types of steps for monumental, primary and secondary stair. 18. According to their structure of resistance, stairs are as follows: a. stone staircase; b. wooden stairs; c. stairs of linear and surface elements; d. stairs downloading on foundations. 19. The choice of floor type is conditional upon: a. the type of the (resistance) structure, b. the location of the construction; c. of wind loads; d. wall rigidity. 20. Floors that are part of the building envelope are: a. current floor deviding the building in levels; b. roof floors - which limits the building at the top; c. floor of the balcony; d. roadway slabs placed in the parking areas; 21. Floors of reinforced concrete beams or strips are: a monolithic (cast) slabs; b ceramic floors; c rigid floors in their plan; d prefabricated floor slabs. 22. After the fire resistance, metallic floors are: a. fire-resistant floors; b. semi fire-resistant floors c. semi-combustible floors; d. combustible floors.