(Reviewer/Specialist) University of La Salette, NSTP/EtEEAP Ofe
15 th Placer, National Criminology Board !am "##" C $m %a$de, BS Criminology JE!!RE" VALERA TA#OLAN$, RCrim. %N& "ear 'a(elor of La)s * Letters, NC College of Law +, t( Plaer, National Criminology Board Examination 2002 C-m La-.e, BS Criminology Civil Servie Eligi/le * PO+ Entrane Eligi/le #S Crim (On-progress) +0 t( Plaer, Ten O-tstan.ing St-.ent of t(e P(ili11ines 2TOSP3 Region 0%, %00% $LOSSAR" O! CORRECT4ONS 4N CORRECT4ONS A.ministrative Segregation ! separate, "ery #ontrolled se#tion of t$e prison for tro%&lema'ers( Afterare )$e #onditional release of a *%"enile from an instit%tion %nder #omm%nity treatment and s%per"ision( Amnesty ! form of pardon pre#l%ding prose#%tion applying to a gro%p rat$er t$an one indi"id%al( A-g-st-s, Jo(n Considered to &e t$e fat$er of pro&ation( ! &ootma'er &y trade in Boston, +assa#$%setts, w$o "ol%ntarily and on an informal &asis aided offenders released to $im &y t$e #o%rt( 'anis(ment )$e ex#l%sion of an offender from t$e so#ial gro%p( 'enefit of Clergy Original pra#ti#e extended to mem&ers of t$e #lergy in w$i#$ t$eir #ases were $eard in #$%r#$ #o%rts w$ere p%nis$ment was less se"ere t$an in se#%lar #o%rts( )$is was #onsidered as one of t$e forer%nner s of pro&ation( 'oot Cam1 S$o#' in#ar#eration %nits wit$ programs patterned a##ording to a military model( 'ro5erage A11roa( ! ser"i#e deli"ery strategy t$at emp$asi,es t$e role of pro&ation offi#ers as #omm%nity-reso%r#e managers, t$ere&y pro"iding a lin' to #omm%nity agen#ies( Ca1ital P-nis(ment )$e *%di#ially ordered exe#%tion of a #on"i#ted #riminal( Case)or5 A11roa( ! ser"i#e deli"ery strategy in w$i#$ t$e #asewor'er ass%mes ma*or responsi&ility to #$ange offender-s &e$a"ior t$ro%g$ a #lose one-to-one relations$ip( Classial Vie) Considers free will and #$oi#e as ma*or determinants in #riminal &e$a"ior( Classifiation !n ongoing formal pro#ess #on#erned wit$ identifi#ation, #ategori,ation, and assignment of inmates to "ario%s le"els of se#%rity, programs, and wor'( Coe. Prison .rison fa#ilities $olding &ot$ males and females( )o &e effe#ti"e, &ot$ sexes s$o%ld &e managed and treated similarly, and t$e ration of females to males s$o%ld &e in t$e range of forty females to sixty males or sixty males to forty females( Comm-nity Ae1tane ! ne#essary #omponent for s%##essf%l #omm%nity-&ased #orre#tion efforts( &'(amolang) *ever +vtamolang,yahoo-com/#."#5##"/". 0N1'RS1(2 34 %5 S5%((, Santiago City / Jeffrey Valera Tamolang, RCrim. (Reviewer/Specialist) University of La Salette, NSTP/EtEEAP Ofe
15 th Placer, National Criminology Board !am "##" C $m %a$de, BS Criminology Comm-nity6'ase. Corretions !ny and all a#ti"ities in"ol"ing t$e #omm%nity in efforts to reintegrate offenders( Comm-nity Servie ! senten#ing alternati"e t$at %ses a form of nonmonetary or sym&oli# restit%tion to "i#tims or t$e general p%&li#( Congregate System .ro"ided for prisoner #onfinement in separate #ells &%t &ro%g$t t$e inmates toget$er into #ongregate wor's$ops( Con7-gal Visits 0isits t$at are pri"ate and %ns%per"ised &etween an inmate and spo%se( Contra/an. !ny restri#ted or pro$i&ited item so designated &y t$e #orre#tional instit%tion and fo%nd in t$e possession of an inmate or wit$in t$e fa#ility( Cor1oral P-nis(ment )$e infli#tion of p$ysi#al pain, and sometimes m%tilation( Cor1orate #o.el +anaging prison ind%stry a##ording to s%##essf%l &%sinessli'e prin#iples( Corretion )$e systemati# and organi,ed efforts dire#ted &y a so#iety t$at attempt to p%nis$ offenders, prote#t t$e p%&li# from offenders, #$ange offender-s &e$a"ior, and in some #ases, #ompensate "i#tims( Crime Control ! p$ilosop$y emp$asi,ing p%nis$ment and in#ar#eration rat$er t$an treatment for *%"eniles and ad%lts( Criminal 1%sti#e )$e formal #rime #ontrol apparat%s #omprising poli#e, prose#%tion, #o%rt #orre#tion and #omm%nity( C-sto.ial #o.el ! #orre#tion-s model emp$asi,ing restraint and in#ar#eration( &einstit-tionali8ation )$e pro#ess w$ere&y large traditional instit%tions $a"e &een #losed in fa"or of smaller #omm%nity-&ased fa#ilities( &einstit-tionali8e. #o.el 2tili,ing smaller #omm%nity-&ased fa#ilities rat$er t$an large, isolated instit%tions( &e1rivation #o.el Considers t$e origin of a prison s%&#%lt%re to &e from inside t$e prison d%e to negati"e li"ing #onditions( &eterminate Sentene ! senten#e permitting limited dis#retion t$at in#l%des a fixed range of prison time( &eterminism 0iews $%man &e$a"ior as t$e prod%#t of a m%ltit%de of en"ironmental and #%lt%ral infl%en#es( &eterrene .otential illegal &e$a"iors pre"ented &y a parti#%lar legal t$reat( &eto9ifiation .ro#ess &y w$i#$ an indi"id%al w$o is p$ysiologi#ally and3or psy#$ologi#ally dependent %pon a dr%g is &ro%g$t to a dr%g-free state( &eviane )o depart from t$e normal or a##epta&le standard( &iret S-1ervision 4o%nd in t$ird-generation *ails w$ere offi#ers spend time in t$e li"ing area a#ti"ely s%per"ising and intera#ting wit$ inmates( &'(amolang) *ever +vtamolang,yahoo-com/#."#5##"/". 0N1'RS1(2 34 %5 S5%((, Santiago City 2 Jeffrey Valera Tamolang, RCrim. (Reviewer/Specialist) University of La Salette, NSTP/EtEEAP Ofe 15 th Placer, National Criminology Board !am "##" C $m %a$de, BS Criminology &isretion Latit%de of free #$oi#e wit$in #ertain legal &o%nds5 w$en de#isions may &e made t$at are not generally open to reexamination &y ot$ers( &iversion ! pro#ess w$ere&y an alleged offender (%s%ally a *%"enile delin6%ent) is 7t%rned away8 from f%rt$er mo"ement into t$e *%sti#e system( &-e Proess ! f%ndamental idea w$erein a person s$o%ld not &e depri"ed of life, li&erty, or property wit$o%t legal pro#ed%res t$at are fair and reasona&le( Eletroni #onitoring ! newer te#$nology to monitor and "erify t$e w$erea&o%ts of offenders &y %se of ele#troni# de"i#es( !elony Considered to &e a serio%s #rime, s%#$ as armed ro&&ery, assa%lt, m%rder, et#( !ormal Re)ar. System ! system to en#o%rage good &e$a"ior t$ro%g$ in#reasing pri"ileges, lowering se#%rity le"els, and awarding good time( !ree :ill Central to t$e #lassi#al "iew t$at emp$asi,es freedom of #$oi#e and t$e p%rs%it of pleas%re and t$e a"oidan#e of pain( !-nnel Effet )$e de#rease in "ol%me of #ases remaining at s%##essi"e stages in t$e #riminal *%sti#e pro#ess !-rlo-g( Programs .rograms allowing tr%sted inmates "isits to t$eir $ome #omm%nity( $aol Old Englis$ term meaning and prono%n#ed t$e same as *ail( $ro-1 Co-nseling ! planned a#ti"ity in w$i#$ t$ree or more people as present for t$e p%rpose of sol"ing personal and so#ial pro&lems( ;alf)ay ;o-se ! "ariety of #omm%nity-&ased programs designed for a "ariety of offenders, in#l%ding pro&ationers and parolees( ;i..en Crime Criminal &e$a"ior t$at is %n'nown to a%t$orities( ;ierar(y of Nee.s ! t$eory of $%man moti"ation de"eloped &y !&ra$am +aslow ran'ing $%man needs from &asi# to self-a#t%ali,ing( ;-stling 9llegitimate e#onomi# a#ti"ities in prison( 4m1ortation #o.el Considers t$e origin of a prison s%&#%lt%re to #ome along wit$ prisoners and t$eir prior life experien#e( 4na1aitation !ny of so#iety- attempts to render a #riminal in#apa&le of f%rt$er illegal a#ts( 4nareration :etention in a *ail or prison( 4n.eterminate Sentene ! dis#retionary senten#e permitting a wide range of san#tions &y *%dges and parole a%t$orities 4nmate Co.e ! #ode of #ond%#t go"erning relations$ips in prison a##ording to inmate-general norms and "al%es( &'(amolang) *ever +vtamolang,yahoo-com/#."#5##"/". 0N1'RS1(2 34 %5 S5%((, Santiago City ; Jeffrey Valera Tamolang, RCrim. (Reviewer/Specialist) University of La Salette, NSTP/EtEEAP Ofe 15 th Placer, National Criminology Board !am "##" C $m %a$de, BS Criminology 4nmate S-/-lt-re !n end%ring #omplex of norms and "al%es &y w$i#$ inmates see' to a##ommodate to life in prison( 4nstit-tional #o.el 2tili,ing larger, more se#%re, and more isolated instit%tions rat$er t$an smaller #omm%nity-&ased fa#ilities( 4nta5e )$e initial point of entry into t$e *ail and t$e offi#ial entry of t$e a##%sed offender into t$e ad%lt #riminal *%sti#e system( 4nterstate Com1at ! #ooperati"e arrangement w$ere&y states may ex#$ange t$e s%per"ision of parolees and pro&ationers( J-st &eserts ! rationale maintaining t$at p%nis$ment &e administered in t$e amo%nt deser"ed a##ording to t$e serio%sness of t$e offense( Le9 Taliones Latin p$rase t$at em&odies t$e #on#ept of retaliation and re"enge an eye for an eye, a toot$ for a toot$( Lo5-1 ! temporary $olding fa#ility or #onfinement for detained or arrested s%spe#ts( #ala 4n Se Cond%#t t$at may &e #onsidered wrong in itself( #ala Pro(i/ita Cond%#t #onsidered wrong &e#a%se of t$e law pro$i&iting it( #a9im-m C-sto.y Prison 4a#ilities designed for inmates w$o re6%ire maxim%m #ontrol and #ontin%o%s s%per"ision of indi"id%als w$o $a"e demonstrated &e$a"ior t$at is assa%lti"e, preda#io%s, rioto%s, or w$o pose serio%s es#ape ris's(
#e.i-m C-sto.y Prison 4a#ilities for inmates wit$ a $istory of #ond%#t s$owing some degree of tr%stwort$iness( #inim-m Se-rity Nonse#%re fa#ilities for tr%stwort$y inmates( #is.emeanor Considered a less "iolation of t$e #riminal law, #ommonly penali,ed &y a fine and3or a s$ort *ail senten#e( #-s(fa5e ! prison-made #opy of somet$ing t$at is a"aila&le on t$e streets( Nonintervention P(iloso1(y ! p$ilosop$y see'ing to a"oid or minimi,e stigma and la&eling as a delin6%ent( Norms of 'e(avior Expe#tations regarding w$at &e$a"ior is #onsidered so#ially a##epta&le5 g%idelines for &e$a"ior appropriate and appli#a&le to parti#%lar so#ial sit%ations( O1en #ar5et .rison-made goods in dire#t #ompetition wit$ pri"ate-se#tor prod%#ts( O1en System- 0iewing t$e operation of prisons wit$ n%mero%s inp%t na d o%tp%t ex#$anges wit$ ot$er go"ernmental %nits s%#$ as #entral offi#e, #o%rts and legislat%res( Or.ere. Segmentation Small #li6%es and friends$ip gro%ps often &ased o n ra#ial, et$i#, and gang mem&ers$ip, refle#ting t$e di"ersified #omposition of #ontemporary prison pop%lations( Parens Patriae ! do#trine in w$i#$ t$e state ass%med a%t$ority and responsi&ility to o"ersee negle#ted and a&%sed #$ildren( &'(amolang) *ever +vtamolang,yahoo-com/#."#5##"/". 0N1'RS1(2 34 %5 S5%((, Santiago City < Jeffrey Valera Tamolang, RCrim. (Reviewer/Specialist) University of La Salette, NSTP/EtEEAP Ofe 15 th Placer, National Criminology Board !am "##" C $m %a$de, BS Criminology Partners(i1 #o.el ! *oint %nderta'ing &etween t$e p%&li# and pri"ate se#tor in t$e operation of prison ind%stries( Penitentiary Early prisons w$ere offenders #onsidered to &e pla#ed in a state of peniten#e to regret t$eir wrongdoing and &e#ome a #ontrite and penitent person( Positivist Vie) Considers t$e m%ltit%de of fa#tors t$at $elp determine #riminal &e$a"ior( Prison Comm-nity )$e mix of inmates and staff li"ing in prison w$o in many respe#ts $a"e t$e same daily needs and re6%ired ser"i#es as fo%nd in t$e o%tside #omm%nity( Pro/ation ! senten#ing alternati"e in w$i#$ in#ar#eration is a"oided and t$e offender remains in t$e #omm%nity %nder t$e s%per"ision of a pro&ation offi#er( Protetive C-sto.y :esignated li"ing areas wit$in #orre#tional instit%tions for residents w$o #$oose not to li"e wit$ t$e general inmate pop%lations, %s%ally o%t of fear( P-nis(ment )$e infli#tion on a person &y t$e state of #onse6%en#es normally #onsidered %npleasant in response to $a"ing &een #on"i#ted of a #rime( Re(a/ilitation #o.el ! #orre#tional model t$at #on#entrates on treatment and #$anging &e$a"ior( Reintegration ! #orre#tional model t$at p la#es responsi&ility for #$ange not only on offenders &%t also %pon t$e #omm%nity( Restit-tion )$e repayment of t$e offender to "i#tims w$o $a"e s%ffered finan#ial losses as a res%lt of t$e offender-s #rime( Retri/-tion .%nis$ment to fit t$e #rime as a payment of de&t to so#iety( Role Conflit ! sit%ation in w$i#$ in#ompati&ility exists &etween two or more roles t$at an indi"id%al is expe#ted to perform( Sentening )$e pro#ess of pla#ing an a%t$ori,ed *%di#ial penalty %pon a person w$o pleads g%ilty or is #on"i#ted of a #rime( S(o5 4nareration ! s$ort period of in#ar#eration designed to frig$ten offenders into law- a&iding &e$a"ior( Soial Control )$e #omplex of formal and informal means to promote so#ially a##epta&le &e$a"ior( S1lit Sentene S$ort-term in#ar#eration #o%pled wit$ a following period of pro&ation( State6Use System ! #ommon from of s$eltered mar'et w$ere inmate-prod%#ed prod%#ts, s%#$ as des's or li#ense plates, #an only &e %sed &y ot$er go"ernmental %nits( Stat-s Offense Non-#riminal &e$a"ior, s%#$ as tr%an#y and r%nning away from $ome t$at is in "iolation of law appli#a&le to *%"eniles( Te(nial Violation ! term %sed w$en a pro&ationer "iolates a #onditional r%le of pro&ation( )$is #o%ld res%lt in t$e re"o#ation of pro&ation &%t is %n#ommon in many *%risdi#tions( &'(amolang) *ever +vtamolang,yahoo-com/#."#5##"/". 0N1'RS1(2 34 %5 S5%((, Santiago City = Jeffrey Valera Tamolang, RCrim. (Reviewer/Specialist) University of La Salette, NSTP/EtEEAP Ofe 15 th Placer, National Criminology Board !am "##" C $m %a$de, BS Criminology Ti5et of leave Conditional pardons granted to imprisoned offenders( Uniform Crime Re1orting 2UCR3 pro"ides a meas%rement of #rime &ased on #rimes 'nown to t$e law enfor#ement agen#ies( Utilitarian &otrine !sso#iated wit$ 1eremy Bent$am( !#tions are rig$t insofar as t$ey #ontri&%te to maximi,ing t$e $appiness of people, wrong insofar as t$ey de#rease t$at $appiness( :ee5en. Jail Con"i#ted persons li"e at $ome and wor' d%ring t$e wee' and report to ser"e *ail time on wee'ends( :rit of Certiorari ! written order from a $ig$er #o%rt to a lower #o%rt re6%iring t$at a #ase &e &ro%g$t forward for re"iew( :rit of ;a/eas Cor1-s ! written do#%ment presented to #o%rt to determine t$e legality of imprisonment( .repared &y> JE!!RE" V. TA#OLAN$, RCrim. 15 th Placer, National Criminology Board Examination 2002 The value of life is not measured on the length of years, But In the way we make of it. - JVT 4V! ? &'(amolang) *ever +vtamolang,yahoo-com/#."#5##"/". 0N1'RS1(2 34 %5 S5%((, Santiago City @