Basic Formulas and Order of Operations

Cell Formula Notes

= 2 + 18 / 3
Calculations (order of operation) are from left to
right.
= 72 + 56.6 4.3 / 8 You should get 128.0625
= 18 / 3 + 3
Again, note the order of operations, this equals 9,
while
= 18 / (3 + 3)
this equals 3. Expressions inside parenthesis are
evaluated first.
= (8 + 8) / 4 Does this equal "10"? Why / Why not?
= 5 + (3 + 6) / 3
Again parenthesis are always evaluated first
= 5 ^ 2
This is also 52, showing how powers are entered
= 2 ^ 8
Should equal 256. Relates to computers in other
ways as well
= 3 ^ (1+3) Should be 81, not 6
= (8/4) ^ ( 4/ (1/2 + 0.5) )
Do by hand and confirm parenthesis and the
order of operation
Cell Formula Comments
= SQRT(2)
1.4142135623731, A square root calculation
= 2 ^ (0.5)
This is also a square root of course (same result?)
= EXP(1.33)
equals 3.78104338756878, Note not all the digits
are shown by default
= LOG(100)
which is 2. This is a common log, or base 10
logarithm
= LN(2.71828) and this gives natural log (base e )
= LOG( EXP(0) )
0, the innermost FUNCTION is evaluated first
= 3.3 * EXP(-2.4)
= LOG(8.4) + LOG(12.9)
= LOG(8.4*12.9)
EXCEL Trigonometric FUNCTIONS
Cell Formula Comments
= PI()
PI should equal 3.14159265358979 and provides
15 digit precision
EXCEL FUNCTIONS
= PI() * 60.0 / 180.0
Radian angles equal p Degrees / 180. The
FUNCTIONS calculate Radian units
= RADIANS(60)
The RADIANS FUNCTION. Should equal the
previous calculation.
= COS(60)
EXCEL's trigonometric FUNCTIONs are in
Radians!
= COS( RADIANS(60) )
Make sure to make conversions when you use the
FUNCTIONS
= SIN(30)
Sin of the Radian angle of 30 (This is not 30
degrees!)
= SIN(RADIANS(30) )
The Sin value of 30 degrees (Result should equal
the cosine of 60 degrees)
= ASIN( RADIANS(30) )
Arcsin, Inverse Sin, or sometimes written as Sin
-1
= TAN(45)
Tangent. Do you get 1.619775191?
Enter the formula (practice / check here!)
Enter the formula (practice / check here!)
Enter the formula (practice / check here!)
Values EXCEL "Ranges" in FUNCTIONS
2.4 All of the formulas here provide the same results even though the reference styles (A1 or R1C)
2.9 and/or the referencing (absolute or relative) differ in each. The settings for the reference style determine which form you 'see'
3.6 The cells shown to the left are the "location" for all the data/values, and in all the cell formulas shown assume
4.9 that a SUM cell formulas were being entered in R8C2 (or B8) and an AVERAGE cell formula in R9C2 (or B9)
6.2 NOTE: If you were to "type" these it takes a lot of time
use your mouse: click, select (hold the button down), and drag, etc. effficiently practice!
SUM 20
AVG 4 A "fixed" formula using the SUM function, this would never change
=SUM(2.4, 2.9, 3.6, 4.9, 6.2)
Absolute references to each cell being summed
R1C1 Notation in blue
=SUM(R2C2,R3C2,R4C2,R5C2,R6C2)
Relative references to each individual cell
=SUM(R[-6]C,R[-5]C,R[-4]C,R[-3]C,R[-2]C)
Absolute references to the "range" of cells being summed
=SUM(R2C2:R6C2)
Relative references to a "range" of cells being summed
=SUM(R[-6]C:R[-2]C)
Again, a "fixed" formula that never changes using the Average function
=AVERAGE(2.4, 2.9, 3.6, 4.9, 6.2)
Test your self what are each of the notation styles shown?
What type of referencing is being used?
=AVERAGE(R2C2,R3C2,R4C2,R5C2,R6C2)
=AVERAGE(B2,B3,B4,B5,B6)
=AVERAGE(R2C2:R6C2)
=AVERAGE(R[-7]C,R[-6]C,R[-5]C,R[-4]C,R[-3]C)
=AVERAGE($B$2:$B$6)
=AVERAGE(B2:B6)
=AVERAGE(R[-7]C:R[-3]C)
=AVERAGE($B$2,$B$3,$B$4,$B$5,$B$6)
All of the formulas here provide the same results even though the reference styles (A1 or R1C)
and/or the referencing (absolute or relative) differ in each. The settings for the reference style determine which form you 'see'
The cells shown to the left are the "location" for all the data/values, and in all the cell formulas shown assume
that a SUM cell formulas were being entered in R8C2 (or B8) and an AVERAGE cell formula in R9C2 (or B9)
use your mouse: click, select (hold the button down), and drag, etc. effficiently practice!
A1 Notation in red
=SUM($B$2,$B$3,$B$4,$B$5,$B$6)
=SUM(B2,B3,B4,B5,B6)
=SUM($B$2:$B$6)
=SUM(B2:B6)
Calculations
Mins Secs C (mol/L) Time (Min) Time (Secs)
0 0 3.02
0 30 2.66
0 56 2.04
1 24 1.52
1 52 1.20
2 20 1.18
2 48 0.915
3 16 0.729
3 45 0.561
4 13 0.469
4 41 0.426
5 9 0.357
5 37 0.256
6 5 0.206
6 33 0.176
7 2 0.148
7 30 0.110
7 58 0.100
8 26 0.0781
8 54 0.0692
9 22 0.0600
Time Data (Lab Notebook)
Experimental Reaction Data
(Original Data from Lab Notebook)