The growing use of internet connected devices, especially smart phones and tablets have surged the number of online buying. In the context of UK retail market, it is on the high list in consumer buying through smart phones in the world. Similarly customers dealing the banking transaction are also mounting. This shows that the use and significance of technological devices have not only made the life easy, but also help businesses to cut cost and increase the profit. This is a marketing research done on Amazon's customers and those who love buying over internet. #ReplacingMortarandBrickStore
Titre original
IMPACT OF GROWING ONLINE SHOPPING ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR (RESEARCHED on AMAZON.COM)
The growing use of internet connected devices, especially smart phones and tablets have surged the number of online buying. In the context of UK retail market, it is on the high list in consumer buying through smart phones in the world. Similarly customers dealing the banking transaction are also mounting. This shows that the use and significance of technological devices have not only made the life easy, but also help businesses to cut cost and increase the profit. This is a marketing research done on Amazon's customers and those who love buying over internet. #ReplacingMortarandBrickStore
The growing use of internet connected devices, especially smart phones and tablets have surged the number of online buying. In the context of UK retail market, it is on the high list in consumer buying through smart phones in the world. Similarly customers dealing the banking transaction are also mounting. This shows that the use and significance of technological devices have not only made the life easy, but also help businesses to cut cost and increase the profit. This is a marketing research done on Amazon's customers and those who love buying over internet. #ReplacingMortarandBrickStore
RESEARCH METHODS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO MARKETING
Author: CHANDRA LAL THING ABE Membership: W08835
Topic: IMPACT OF GROWING ONLINE SHOPPING ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR
Organisation: Amazon.com
Word Count: 3707 Date: May 2014 2
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Declaration I declare that this assignment is my own work and I have appropriately acknowledged the work of others. This assignment is produced in accordance with the ABE regulations and guidelines.
All the tables, charts and diagrams used in this assignment are listed below with respective figure number with title.
Figure: 1 The internet Users Worldwide Figure: 2 Online Retail Sales as % of Total Figure: 3 Online Retail Shares of Home Market (2014) Estimate Figure: 4Age and Occupation Figure: 5The Most Bought Product(s) Figure: 6 Experience of Customers on Buying from Amazon.com Figure: 7 Perception of Customers on Amazon.com Figure: 8 Attitude of Customers on Amazon.com Figure: 9 Belief of Customers on Amazon.com Figure: 10How many customers are aware of internet shopping? Figure: 11 Which area of online store influence customers to shop online? Figure: 12What BringsCustomer to Shop on Amazon.com
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1. ABSTRACT The use of the internet is increasing in the global market; so the number of people using online stores to buy products or services has risen rapidly. Now almost every business is connected to the internet whether their intention is to collect information regarding customers buying behaviour for marketing purposes or use for selling products and services. The way of selling goods online and the pattern of buying have changed. The purpose of this research is to find what factors and characteristics have influenced and motivated customers to buy online. This study uses Amazon.com as a chosen company to find what areas of online businessesattract the most customers? What are those risks and issues of online purchasing which affect the customers attitudes towards virtual shopping?The research was done among students, teachers and college staff which totalled 40. The research was carried out last semester 2013 when level 7 students organised a seminar at West London Business College. Each questionnaire contains 20 different questions comprised of open and close-ended questions. In a nutshell, this research tried to explore how these positive and negative aspects of online business impactconsumer buying behaviour, the study concludes that the results show that Amazon.com as an online business has positively changed the consumers buying behaviour adding significant value to it.
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2. INTRODUCTION, BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE The growing affluence, population size and changing life pattern of busy customers create high demand for goods and services.In response to this pressureapart from traditional shopping, virtual shopping has emerged and by now online covers all types of businesses, customers and trade. In recent online news the Daily Mail(March 16, 2014) announced that Next fashion retailer was able to earn significant profit due to online selling compared with its rival M&S who later re-launched its own website containing video promotions. It also reported that Next online store directory catalogue has attracted more customers to buy online changing their shopping way and attitudes on shopping. It is necessary for marketers to know about the online behaviour of customers to serve through the internet. According to Cambridge Online Marketing Dictionary(n. d.) customer behaviour is the decisions of people about whether to buy products or not and what factors persuade their decisions on buying. Customers attitude and perception about e-store areinfluenced and changed. According to the graph below, users of the internet worldwidemassively surged from 16 million to 3 billion within 18 years. This means that at the same time the number of online buyers are also increasing which impacts theconsumer buying behaviour. Figure: 1
Source: History of Online Retail (open.edu, 2013) Amazon.com is an online retail company founded in 1994 running businesses in mainly two geographic segments: North America and other countries. Though the business was started from selling books online, it has now become one of the largest e-stores in the world. Amazon.com has developed its website in such a way that other third parties can also sell their products through the Amazon.com, adding more ranges of products to Amazon.com. For the easyaccess from all the internet connected devices, Amazon designed a website, mobile application and disseminates its link to other web portals through which customers can easily log on to Amazon.com. Availability of products information and testimonials, quality of website and its excellent service has attracted 144 million active customers and 2 million active sellers worldwide as taken from official Amzon.com website 2014 (Inside Amazon, Amazon.com, n. d.). 7
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The number of online users is growing. The graph below shows that the revenue of online retail sales in Britain was the highest of all developed countries in 2011 and also forecast to be the highest for 2016. In terms of time, cost and convenience for buying things, online shopping is ahead of offline, but still there are customers who do not like to shop through the internet. Some customers have positive point of view and others think online buying is just source of entertainment and not suitable place to shop. These differences between customers buying behaviour which are impacted by Amazon.com and its services are investigated in this study using methods and techniques for the research and studying different literatures, journals, books and articles. Figure: 2
Source: TheEmporium Strikes Back (economist.com, 2013)
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3. LITERATURE REVIEW The number of population is growing at the same time the customers shopping through online are also increasing. This growing trend of e-shopping has changed the buying behaviour of customers. The graph below shows the results of a research on 100 online traders of individual nationson the basis of share size and depicts the ranking of online retailsharesin which UKs2013was 12.1% and for 2014 assumed to be 13.5%is the highest among other most developed countries. This means, online businesses in the UK are growing and so is the number of customers buying from online stores. Figure: 3
Source: Centre for Retail Research (retailresearch.org,n.d.) There are factors and features of e-stores which influence and motivate customers. In contrast, there are also different risks and issues which reduce customershopping online. Dickson (2000, p.119) stated the unique capability of the internet, We are not only starting to gain an understanding of the potential strategic impact of its search and navigation capabilities on global consumption and production. Within the near future, simple yet extraordinarily powerful price-and-quality search engines and services are likely to have a significant impact on consumer behaviour. In fact, this statement seems to match with the current market figure where customer buying online is increasing. According to Solomon et al. (2006, p.6), consumer behaviour is the study of the processes involved when individuals or groups select, purchase, use or dispose of products, services, ideas or experiences to satisfy need and desires. Similarly Schiffman and Kanuk,(2007, p.3) defined consumer behaviour as the behaviour that consumers display in searching for, purchasing, using, evaluating and disposing of products and services that they expect will satisfy their needs. However the five steps of consumer buying decision process have been identified (problem identification, looking for information, assessing alternatives, buying and after purchase evaluation)and widely applied. This customer buying decision is positively or negatively impacted bysituational, psychological and social influences (Pride, Hughes and Kapoor, 2011, p.355).
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Moon (2004) suggested that the abundant information available in the website increases the more chance of customers searching for the products. Quick access, website design, more customer friendly website structure and latest update have more potential to increase customers shopping through the internet. Customer purchases were also determined by the product types and classification, quality, price and the speed of the purchase, payment, and delivery process. A study of Greek customers also found that customer characteristics determining online buying behaviour depend upon and vary according to the categorisation of the products based on types(Keisidou et al., 2011). Likewise Elia (2008-9) argued that designing factors and features of the website not only gives a competitive advantage to the businesses, but also increases the trust, commitment and loyalty of customers when they are fully satisfied from the given services. Shareef et al (2013) studied the factors of consumer online buying behaviour and found that if e-commerce is able to fulfil the commitment on products, price, process, delivery, security, policies of customers then there is formation of trust and enhancement of online shopping behaviour. Additionally Priyadarshi, et al. (2010-11) found that if online retailers make the site more accessible and easy to use will minimise problems whileshoppingonline. It was also identified that whatever is promised regarding quality of products should be provided in order to reduce increasing fraud schemes and decreasing the rate of online buying. The major trends of e-business have helped customers to go online buying. Faster service, self service, availability of more products choices and finally standing as integrated solutions in terms of time and cost help to build customer loyalty (Kalakota and Robinson, 2001, p.38- 43). From empirical research Petrovic, (n.d.) found that theinternet helps customers in research to get all the relevant information regarding quality and reviews to make an evaluation for the buying decision. Online buying helped in saving time and cost. Supporting Petrovic finding, the combined empirical research in UK and China on buying books (Zheng, 2006) suggested that the information provided about products was the most crucial factor in online shopping. Moreover it was also found that customers were interested on the status of the online brand. Chen (2012) found that comments and recommendation in the website enhanced the shopping experience which eventually helped to build positive attitudes in customers to buy more through the internet. The similar reasons for the final results was also shown (Bashir, 2013) in his research done in Pakistan on consumers buying electronics online that the most important factors influencing online customers were time, price and convenience where testimonials helping in the buying decision. According to Zappala and Gray (2006, p.223), the number of the internet users were increasing, however, the number of online shoppers was kept lower bysecurity concerns and the risks associated with technology. A similar result was found (Chandra and Sinha, 2013) from 100 questionnaires surveyed in India that there were customers afraid of receiving poor quality ofpromised items and unsatisfactory level ofprivacy.
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In fact, privacy and security concerns had negative correlation with the frequency of online shopping. Customers were discouraged by the online social interactions and want one to one personal marketing (Swaminathan et al, n.d.). Whereas Katawetawaraks, et al. (2011) summarisedthat obstructive elements as late delivery, unsafe payment, spam emails and technology itself sometimes prevent shopping online. Furthermore, (Hasslinger, 2007 and Nazir et al, 2012) also found the same negative aspects of online from the research done on books buying online. These weakening factors were safety and security on payment and privacy of personal details. They also mean that convenience and trust were valued less than price. It is found from the literature quoted above that there is at least one aspect of online buying that attracts each customer. There are common factors which are not liked by most of the customers. Customers have at least one factor which has influenced and motivated them to buy from online storesotherwise most of the research and reports mentioned above in the literature reviews have more than one factor to influence customer buying behaviour. 4. RESEARCH QUESTION The proposed title of this research is: Howhas growing use of theinternet for online shopping impacted the UK consumers buying behaviour with particular reference to buying from Amazon.com? The purpose of this report is to show the impacts of online shopping on UK customers buying behaviour. The aim is to find the usefulness of online buying for all customers. Likewise the objective are: to critically evaluate the use ofthe internet for online shopping, analyse the factors affecting customers' behaviour and identify the issues and outcomes ofonline shopping. This research tries to explore whether online shopping is favourable for students and teachers in the UK. Are there any potential and existing hurdles that causes problem to customers in making buying decision? What influence and distract customers buying online? Nonetheless the research may not be reliable because the survey was only done to very limited people in specific area, but this gives a glimpse of an idea to marketer on making decision about the behaviour of customers buying over the internet. The other major questions included in the research questionnaire were the most frequently bought goods or services which attracted customers to buy online. Timing and frequency of purchases were also asked for the analysis of quantitative research purpose. Respondents were asked whether they agree with the statement that Amazon is a very good online company. This helped the researcher to explore the Amazon.com brand image. Customers experiences, feelings and opinions were collected from both open and close- ended questions in order to understand perception and attitudes on Amazon.com services and any future improvements.
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5. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This research is based on a deductive approach, according to Crowther and Lancaster (2008, p.23) enables research to test and assess the validity of theories and hypothesis. These theories or hypotheses can be formed in many ways such as ideas from previous experiences. Deductive approach tries to bring valid conclusion providing support for prior theories but not proof (Hammond and Wellington, 2013, pp.40-42). The questionnaire for this research focuses on consumer online buying behaviour. This research has 20 different questions out of which three questions were open-ended which tried to get the subjective information from respondents. Here both methods of research were used for data collection. The objective of the primary research was to find the influencing elements of online buying and attitude of participated customers with their feedbacks. This method of research includes questionnaires which gives the empirical data for the analysis.The objective of secondary research was to find information and data related to online shopping from different published sources as, journals, books, articles, different online sites and relevant data presented on graphs and table withinformation. Before the final draft of the questionnaires, a pilot test was conducted in a class among the students and a subject teacher. After the pilot test, the final questionnaires were designed and distributed to all among the students, teachers and college staff during a seminar which was held in college by level 7 in the previous semester 2013. Participants totalled 40. The data and information collected from the surveyed questionnaires were used infurther writing the assignment. Moreover this research used the discipline of research methodology that is mixed method of research. When researcher used number of method for studying research then it is termed as mixed-methods review where quantitative and qualitative data collection approaches are employed together (Courtney and McCutcheon, 2010, p.35). The two research tool comes under mixed research are qualitative and quantitative research. So in this research, for the qualitative research open-ended questions were asked and for the quantitative research closed-ended questions were asked. This research includes tables and graphical analysis topresent number such as calculation of age and occupation which is useful for quantitative purpose. In order to get this numerical data a Likert scale style of closed-ended questions were used. Questions designed to get qualitative information from customers such as their perception, preference, feelings, opinions, attitudes, influential factors and experiences about the online shopping wereasked. Three open-ended questions asked in the questionnairehelp to get the purpose of qualitative research. (Wild and Diggines, 2009, p.85) Qualitative research is the collection, analysis and interpretation of data that cannot be meaningfully quantified, that is, summarised in the form of numbers. McMurray (2004, p. 263) writes that triangulation uses anumber of techniques and methods of data collection on the same particular issue with assessments from different 12
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perspectivewhich adds in-depth linksof knowledge to the study. The results gained from the different collections were assessed with various tools and framework to meet the standard and highly qualified. So for this reason, researcher in this research used different sources of research and research methodology.A limited form of triangulation was used through the inclusion of open-ended questions which allowed respondents to express their own opinion rather than simply responding on a Likert scale to pre-determined questions. Validity becomes the crucial factor of a research to be valid. In qualitative and quantitative research validity is a basic requirement (Cohen et al., 2011, p.179). The findings of this research is more based on quantitative and possesses some aspects of qualitative researchas well. In order to obtain the valid qualitative research, researcher tries to avoid the bias of respondents making them clear of the online buying store Amazon.com and research purpose before the starting of a seminar. The researcher has also gone through in-depth study to get a better understanding of online buying. This helped the researcher in assessing the feedbacks of respondents and the research itself. For the quantitative research, all the sampled 40 respondents completed questionnaires were properly countedand studied to check that the findings and analysis of the replied questionnaires were valid. 6. ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS Note:Appendices for the down below table and graph are given in the appendix section following with the figures heading respectively. Please see the appendix for the further information of these table and graph. Demographic factors in research play significant role in determining the results of the chosen marketing topic. Some of these elements are given in figure 4, this consists of age and occupation of students, teachers and household in which the age group 25-34 were the largest Amazon.com shoppers and people from age 35-49 found to shop less online. This age group buyless online where security for payment was a primary reason along with lack of usage of the online store. The fact in figure 4 showed that 72% of students were familiar with the Amazon.com services. Although the rest of the respondents still thought that Amazon.com can be used for online shopping. The results depict that the positive perception of Amazon.com seems to be growing amongstrespondents because the smaller group less familiar with Amazon.com still thought that online store is easy for shopping due to wide ranges of items easily available in Amazon.com.
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Figure: 4 (Appendix A) Factors Categories Count Total Percentage Age 18-24 13 40 32.5 25-34 22 55 35-49 4 10 50-Above 1 2.5 Occupation Student 29 40 72.5 Teacher 4 10 Household 3 7.5 Other 4 10
In the figure 5, the most popular purchasing on Amazon.com was books with 40%. The second largest group of purchasing was electronics items and related accessories. There were lots of other items bought through Amazon.com. Respondents also mentioned that the same products were sold at higher prices in offline storesas well as sometimes in other online storeslike e-bay. The best price is one of the top factors making customers loyal to Amazon.com. Figure: 5 (Appendix B)
Results in figure 6 below show that the information given in Amazon.com was effective and beneficial to customers. Satisfaction from the purchased products was high as customers were influenced from the given reviews and recommendation in the website. However there were some respondents who were not contented with the products they bought, though respondents thought that Amazon.com is good place for searching goods and information.
The Most Bought Product(s) Books Other(s) 14
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Figure: 6 (Appendix C) Experience of Customers on Buying from Amazon.com
From the figure 7, respondents were happy with the services and commitment promised, but there were some respondents who do not like and trust other third partiesadvertisement in Amazon.com website. Nonethless there were respondents who thought that third parties involvement in selling through Amazon.com gives more choice of products and services. Figure: 7 (Appendix D) Perception of Customers on Amazon.com
Easy and short buying process and system of Amazon.com have motivated customers to buy online. In this research, the figure 8 shows that Amazon.com has influenced customers to buyonline, however, the majority of respondents experience on using website for shopping was less convenient.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Products information regarding all the available products? Level of satisfaction from the bought products or services 0 10 20 30 "Amazon is a Very Good Online Company" Third parties pop-up advertisement is acceptable 15
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Figure: 8 (Appendix E) Attitude of Customers on Amazon.com
Efficient services on Amazon.com has increased the number of customers shopping online. They also mentioned that due to better and easy delivery process and policy of refunding helps to increase the amount of spending on online products. So the figure 9 shows the results of this research on these two areas that fast and reliable delivery can increase the purchasing trend of online customers. Figure: 9 (Appendix F) Belief of Customers on Amazon.com
It is not always that customers will have good experiences and learning with the internet shopping, so respondents had also bad feelings and disappointment. Here about 23% never bought from the third parties when sold through Amazon website. Respondents thought that these third parties were not trustworthy. Nonetheless 20% had never bought through the internet because they were concern aboutinsecure and unsafe transaction. (Please see figure 10) 0 10 20 Strongly Disagree Disagree Indifferent Agree Strongly Agree Online made buying process quick and effective Online buying is convenient 0 5 10 15 20 Buying at any time is successful Delivery is on time 16
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Figure: 10 (Appendix G) How many customers are aware of internet shopping? Modules Never Occasionally Sometimes Frequently Quite Often Item(s) bought from third parties sold from Amazon.com 9 12 10 3 6 Number of times bought over the internet 8 10 14 5 3
In this research,38% were influenced by convenient and accessible route to the search products where quick services, easy and catchy website design encouraged customers to shop from Amazon.com (please see figure 11). There were various factors to bring customers to shop but more than 60% used Amzon.com because they already preferred to shop online. Family and friends played a less significant role where users themselves surf the internet and find goods and services (please see figure 12). Quality of website design also determined the buying. They feel happy and praise the retailer highly when they find the services easy and faster (Dabholkar, 1996). Similarly Zhang and von Dran (2001) studies show that website design quality can play a determinant factor (hygiene and motivator) for the satisfaction and dissatisfaction ofonline buying. Figure: 11 (Appendix H) Which area of online store influence customers to shop online?
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Website Design Convenient Prompt Service Other(s) What influence customers to go for online buying? 17
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Figure: 12 (Appendix I) What brings customers to shop on Amazon.com?
Open-ended Questions From the open-ended questions, a large numberof respondents were assured about security onpayments and individual privacy. This means respondentsperception on Amazon.com was gaining positive impact. On the other hand, there were a few people who did not feel secure and thought that personal information would be passed on to the third parties, they said, a bit risky and not secure enough that theydid not feel confident. Results from recommendation to others showed that nearly the majority of would be pleased to tell family and friends to buy from Amazon.com. They also added that referring might only happen if products are exclusively made available and sold from Amazons website. From the opinions, comments and feedbacks, the number of shoppers who buy at any or leisure time and at night were large. A large number of customers were buying at nightwhere all other physical storeswere closed and some products would not be available in offline- stores. 7. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS The main aim of this research was to find the impact of online stores with particular reference to students and teachers in the UK using Amazon.com. The results of this conducted research and the literature reviews indicate that buying from online store has more benefit than the offline store and these are mainly influenced and motivated by price, convenience and time. There were also other factors such as product information, types and categorisation. In conclusion, all these helped to get best ranges of products and services quickly as possible in lower prices making the buying process short and effective. Nonetheless there were some issues such as cyber scam, hacking, risks of losing personal detail and informationon credit card whichcreated distrustful scenario during the buying process. In sum, the majority of respondents liked to buy from Amazon.com. The result of this search shows positive indicates that the number of online shoppers in the UK is likely to grow.
0 5 10 15 20 25 Internet Friend Family Other(s) What brings customer to shop online (Amazon)? 18
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Businesses that have included online services as their core business are often thriving. There are many advantages of selling and purchasing through online rather than offline. By providing online services, physical stores can save their time and cost similarly customers are also getting the same benefits from online buying. Marketers can easily access and get information about customers and in the same way customers can also find all the necessary information about products in the companys website. So it would be beneficial for offline stores to adopt online services as a part of their business. 8. LIMITATIONS OF THE RESEARCH The limitations of this research were the time restriction on the researcher and the willingness ofpeople to give their valuable time to answer the questionnaire. The report itself hada limited word count where every detail was not possible to mention. Similarly limited resources restricted coverage of the number of people from all backgrounds. Being a student researcher, the cost of conducting a survey itself was another challenge, so the researcher could not find and reposta generalised answer on this topic. But this research gives some ideas on consumer buying behaviour as impacted by online retailers. These 20 different survey questions were analysed, evaluated and criticised.Though the study of available research enabled the researcher to makecomments on buying behaviour of customers, however, small sample size and the research task were notenough to cover all the issues of online customers. A large survey could get a full and precise idea which will be gained in the future research, but for astudent researcher these two factors limited the design and the scope of the research.
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Keisidou, E., Sarigiannidis, L. and Maditinos, D., 2011. Consumer Characteristics and their Effect on Accepting Online Shopping in the Context of Different Products Types. International Journal of Business Science and Applied Management, [pdf] Vol.69, No.2. Available at:<http://www.business-and-management.org/library/2011/6_2--31-51- Keisidou,Sarigiannidis,Maditinos.pdf> [Accessed 24 May 2014]. Moon, B. J., 2004. Consumer Adoption of the The internet as an Information Search and Production Purchase Channel: Some Research Hypothesis. Int. J. Internal Marketing and Advertising, [pdf] Vol. 1, No.1. Available at :<http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.198.3130&rep=rep1&type=pdf> [Accessed 24 May 2014]. Nazir, S., Tayyab, A., Sajid, A., Rashid, H. and Javed, I., 2012. How Online Shopping is Affecting Consumer Buying Behaviour in Pakistan. International Journal of Computer Science Issues, [pdf] Vol. 9, No. 1, Issue 3. Available at:<http://ijcsi.org/papers/IJCSI-9-3-1- 486-495.pdf> [Accessed 24 May 2014]. Petrovic, D., n.d. Analysis of Consumer Behaviour Online. [msword] Available at:<https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=27&ved=0CGI QFjAGOBQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mktgsensei.com%2FAMAE%2FConsumer%2520 Behavior%2FAnalysis%2520of%2520Consumer%2520Behaviour%2520Online.doc&ei=My EqU56wCrTw0gXpxICgAg&usg=AFQjCNFpYZt9NRs6Ud3jt8GnD2RqQDVu8g&sig2=qH 8Zzu0CA5eorpUTLu9vAQ> [Accessed 24 May 2014]. Priyadarshi, P., Arora, N. and Kashyap, N., 2010-11. Consumer Behaviour in Online Shopping. [online] Available at:<http://www.scribd.com/doc/31785752/CONSUMER- BEHAVIOUR-IN-ONLINE-SHOPPING-PRASHANT-PRIYADARSHI> [Accessed 26 May 2014]. Shareef, M. A., Archer, N., Rahman, M. O. and Mann, I. J. and Fong, W., 2013. Online Buying Behaviour and Perceived Trustworthiness. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 3(4).[pdf]. Accessed at:<http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CDUQ FjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedomain.org%2Fdownload.php%3Ff%3D1367641 391-Shareef342012BJAST2394.pdf%26aid%3D1314&ei=YbRzU6K- BISR7AaKsYCYCg&usg=AFQjCNH9kJMzPdWvLKtNTFZEd9rWzF6OqA&sig2=19DqJ0 HqRWgs3EoP9Qc2Fg> [Accessed 20 May 2014]. Swaminathan, V., White E. L. and Rao, B. P., n.d.. The internet and Consumer Buying Behaviour: A Research Framework and Analysis. [pdf]. Available at: <http://faculty.poly.edu/~brao/1998.Ebusiness.Purdue.pdf> [Accessed 20 May 2014]. Zhang, P., and Dran, G. V., 2001. Expectations and Rankings of Website Quality Features: Results of Two Studies on User Perceptions. [pdf] Available at:<http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.106.9029&rep=rep1&type=pdf > [Accessed 19 May 2014]. 21
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Zheng, F., 2006. The Internet Shopping and its Impacts on Consumer Behaviour. [pdf] Available at:<http://edissertations.nottingham.ac.uk/704/1/06_MSc_International_Business_lixfz5.pdf> [Accessed 14 May 2014]. Websites: Amazon.com, n. d. Inside Amazon. [online] Available at: <http://www.amazon.co.uk/Inside- Careers/b?ie=UTF8&node=203043011> [Accessed 10 May 2014]. Cambridge Dictionary, n.d. Customer Behaviour. [online] Available at: <http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/business-english/customer-behaviour > [Accessed 15 February 2014]. Centre for Retail Research, n.d. Online Retailing: Britain, Europe and the US 2014. [online] Available at:<http://www.retailresearch.org/onlineretailing.php> [Accessed 1 May 2014].
Dabholkar, P. A., 1996. Consumer evaluations of new technology-based self-service options: An investigation of alternative models of service quality. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13 (1), 29-51. Derickson, 2013. Consumers Online Shopping Purchase Influence, August 2013 [Chart]. [online] Available at: <http://trends.e-strategyblog.com/2013/09/03/consumers-online- shopping-purchase-influences/13870> [Accessed 5 April 2014].
Dickson, P. R., 2000.Understanding the trade winds: the global evolution of production, consumption and the internet. Journal of Consumer Research, Vol.27, No.2. Ellis-Chadwick, F., 2013. History of Online Retail. [online] Available at:<http://www.open.edu/openlearn/money-management/management/business- studies/history-online-retail> [Accessed 28 March 2014].
Journals Poulter, S., 2014. Next Profits to Overtake Those of Mark & Spencer for the First Time with Booming Fashion Chain Set to Announce 700m Gain. [online] Available at: <http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2582099/Next-profits-overtake-Marks-Spencer- time-booming-fashion-chain-set-announce-700m-gain.html> [Accessed 20 April 2014]. The Economist, 2013. The Emporium Strikes Back. [online] Available at: <http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21581755-retailers-rich-world-are-suffering- people-buy-more-things-online-they-are-finding> [Accessed 4 April 2014].
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10. BIBLIOGRAPHY Amazon.com, n.d. About Amazon. [online] Available at: <http://www.amazon.com/Careers- Homepage/b?ie=UTF8&node=239364011> [Accessed 16 March 2014]. Armstrong, M., 2010. Armstrongs Essential Human Resource Management Practice: A Guide to People Management. London: Kogan Page Limited. Berg, K. E. and Latin, R. W., 2008. Essentials of Research Methods in Health, Physical Education, Exercise Science, and Recreation. 3 rd ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Creswell, J. W., 2003. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. 2 nd ed. California: Sage Publications, Inc. Easterby-Smith, M., Thorpe, R. and Jackson, P. R., 2008. Management Research. 3 rd ed. London: Sage Publication Ltd. Flick, U., 2014. An Introduction to Qualitative Research. 5 th ed. London: Sage Publication Ltd. Potter, S., 2006.Doing Postgraduate Research. 2 nd ed. London: Sage Publication Ltd.
The entire appendixes in these pages are related with the heading of graph and table mentioned in the findings and analysis section in an assignment respectively. Appendix: A Age and occupation of respondents
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 1 8 - 2 4 2 4 - 3 4 3 4 - 4 9 5 0 - A b o v e S t u d e n t T e a c h e r H o u s e h o l d O t h e r Age Occupation Count 23
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Appendix: B The most bought product(s) The most buying product(s) Items Count Percentage Books 16 40% Other(s) 24 60%
Appendix: C Experience of customers on buying from Amazon.com Modules Strongly Disagree Disagree Indifferent Agree Strongly Agree Products information regarding all the available products? 0 6 16 9 9 Level of satisfaction from the bought products or services 2 6 17 9 5
Appendix: D Perception of customers on Amazon.com Modules Strongly Disagree Disagree Indifferent Agree Strongly Agree Amazon is a very good online company 2 9 11 11 7 Third parties pop-up advertisement is acceptable 2 10 15 9 4
Appendix: E Attitude of customers on Amazon.com Modules Strongly Disagree Disagree Indifferent Agree Strongly Agree Online buying is convenient 7 12 12 8 1 Online made buying process quick and effective 1 8 15 12 4
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Appendix: F Belief of Customers on Amazon.com Modules Strongly Disagree Disagree Indifferent Agree Strongly Agree Buying at any time is successful 2 6 8 14 10 Delivery is on time 1 5 10 16 8
Appendix: G How many customers are aware of internet shopping?
Appendix: H Which area of online store influence customers to shop online? Website Design Convenient Prompt Service Other(s) 7 3 15 9 6
Appendix: I What brings customer to shop on Amazon.com? Internet Friend Family Other(s) 25 5 3 7
0 5 10 15 Item(s) bought from third parties sold from Amazon site Number of times bought over internet 25
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This is a short questionnaire to fill in for the purpose of research on growth in internet usage for online buying and its impacts on the buying behaviour of customers. The survey is based on online store Amazon.com, so please give your answer as per your experience on Amazon.com. 1. Which age group do you belong to? 14-24 25-34 35-49 50-Above
2. What is your occupation? __________________________________
3. How did you hear about Amazon.com? Internet Friend Family Other _______________
4. What is the level of your satisfaction with Amazon.com? (1-very high 5-very Low) 1 2 3 4 5. How much convenient do you find buying from Amazon.com? 1 2 3 4 6. What influences you to buy on Amazon.com? Website Design Convenient Prompt Service Other.....
7. Do you think that the information regarding available products is helpful? 1 2 3 4
8. How often do you buy online from Amazon.com instead of other store? Never Occasionally Sometimes Frequently Very Often
9. Do you buy from other sellers on Amazon.com? Never Occasionally Sometimes Frequently Very Often
10. What purchases have you increased when buying from Amazon? Books Other please specify _____________________
11. Do you agree with this statement Amazon.com is a very good online company? (1-very high 5-very Low) 1 2 3 4
12. Is your buying process quicker when buying from Amazon.com? 1 2 3 4
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13. How do you feel about advertisements on the Amazon.com? 1 2 3 4
14. Is your expected delivery date met by Amazon.com? 1 2 3 4
15. Is it important to you that you can buy from Amazon.com at any time of the day? 1 2 3 4
16. Does the customer feedback and comments on the website change your buying decision? Not Applicable No Idea No Yes
17. Does email sent by Amazon.com influence your future buying? Not Applicable No Idea No Yes
18. What is your opinion about security when buying from Amazon.com? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________
19. Would you recommend Amazon.com? _____________________________________________________________________
20. What time do you usually buy from Amazon? _____________________________________________________________________