Vanessa Decembre

Mrs. Stephenson
AP Biology # 12

Srarr Chapter Questions

1Sexual Reproduction requires all the above.

2.Meosis is a division that produces four cells.
3.An animal with two says chromosomes charestic to the species is one a haploid a mutation.
4. A pair homologues chromosomes are all the above.
5.Before the onset of meiosis all chromosomes are duplicated and released from protein.
6.Anaphase 1 homologues chromosomes move away from each other and end up on apposite poles.
8.Sister chromatids move apart and end up on opposite spindle poles at anaphase 2.
9. Alles; different ,molecular formula of the same gene
Metaphase 1; pair of homologues aligned at the spindle fiber.
Chromosome number the number of each type of chromosome present within a cell.

Starr Review Question.

1. Meosis 1 and Mesosis 2 then cell differation

2 Sexual reproduction genetic variation.
3. Each gamete would have a part A,B,C,D it would be distributed by a1 and a2 and so on.
4. The homologues chromosomes and the genetic variation then 4 daughter cells.
5. Anaphase 1
6. Meioses 1 and meiosis 2 then cell differation.

Campbell Chapter Quiz

1.A Human cell containing 22 chromosomes and Y chromosome is a sperm cell.

2.During meiosis 1 Homologues chromosomes move to the opposite poles of a dividing cell.
3.Meosis 2is similar to mitosis in that sister chromatids separate during anaphase.
4.Th DNA content in the cell at meiosis I would be metaphase.
5.The cell lineage contended in meiosis 2 would be x
6. 16 combinations of chromosomes can be packaged made gametes with a diploid number of 8.
7.The immediate product of meiosis in a plant is a spore.
8.Mutilcelluar haploid organisms produce gametes by mitosis.
9.Crossing over tend to lead to genetic variation by crossing over
10.Astage not typically found in plants is a multi-cellular zygote.
11.Diplod is to somatic cells ad a haploids are to gametes.
12.If a diplod cell with 18 chromosomes undergo meosis the resulting cell will have 9 chromosomes.
13.The Cell is Split two times with the replication of the of the chromosomes once.
14. The crossing over that creates and the creation of charismata allows for genetic variation within a cell
and independent variation.
15.The why and the X chromosomes.

Chapter Quiz 11

1.Phosphoryltion amplifies the signal many fold.

2. Lingand-gated ion channel receptor leads to a change in membrane potential.
3. Aggregation and phsophorylation characterize tyrosine-kinas receptors.
4. Signal transudation found in distantly related organisms is similar
5.Gylcogen depolymerization was observed when epinephrine,
6. Protien activation I not involved with the activation of G -protein linked receptors
7.Amiplifications occur when several G-proteins molecules have signal bound to it.
8. Testerone only affects intracellular receptors that are present in target cells
9.Signals transudations do no benefit the cell because they cell use phosphated generate by ATP
breakdown.
10. Camp is the second messenger of that pathway
11. Receptors for water soluble in membrane for lipid soluble inside the cell.
12. Signaling via the plasma membrane triggers thyroxin release.
14. Must bind to n extracellaur site to activate signal transudation pathway
15.Protien phosphate reverse the effect of kinase

Campbell Chapter Test (82%)

1. Correct Unless the chromosomes were stained to show band patterns, a karyotype would be least likely
to show which of the following? (p. 236)
Your answer: part of a chromosome turned around
Correct. An inversion, which affects neither the number of chromosomes nor the length of a chromosome,
would be difficult to detect without staining that showed chromosomal bands.

2. Incorrect Which one, if any, of the following statements is FALSE? (p. 236)
Your answer: Haploid cells can divide by mitosis.
The correct answer: Haploid cells can divide by meiosis.
Haploid cells CAN undergo mitosis.

3. Correct In a diploid set of chromosomes, one of each pair of homologous chromosomes is derived from
the father (paternal), the other of each pair from the mother (maternal). If 2n = 8, what is the probability of
obtaining a gamete in which all the chromosomes are paternal ones? (p. 236)
Your answer: 1/16
Correct. The chance of any one paternal chromosome ending up in a particular gamete is 1/2, so the chance
that all four would be of paternal origin would be (1/2)n, where n = 4.

4. Incorrect The sexual cycle of the multicellular alga Fucus involves ____________. (p. 239)
Your answer: both mitosis and meiosis
The correct answer: mitosis, meiosis, and fertilization
No. This answer is partially correct.

5. Correct The function(s) of meiosis is (are) to _____. (p. 237)

Your answer: All of the above except #4.
Correct. Meiosis accomplishes all of these and also produces four cells.

6. Correct Nuclear division resulting in cells that contain half the parental chromosome number is _____.
(p. 241)
Your answer: meiosis
Correct. The two cell divisions of meiosis, I and II, produce four haploid daughter cells.

7. Correct What is the function of meiosis? (p. 237)

Your answer: to make cells with a haploid (half that of the parents) number of chromosomes
Correct. The two cell divisions of meiosis, I and II, produce four haploid daughter cells, which are not
genetically identical to the diploid parent cell.

8. Correct Chromosomes of diploid organisms that are NOT involved in sex determination are called
_____. (p. 236)
Your answer: autosomes
Correct. Because they determine an individual's sex, the X and Y chromosomes are called sex
chromosomes; all other chromosomes are called autosomes.

9. Correct The egg (ovum) of a rabbit contains 22 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the
somatic (body) cells of a rabbit? (p. 236)
Your answer: 44
Correct. Haploid sex cells contain half as many chromosomes as diploid somatic cells.

10. Correct Rice gamete cells contain 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes do rice diploid cells
have? (p. 236)
Your answer: 24
Correct. Haploid sex cells contain half as many chromosomes as diploid somatic cells.

11. Correct What is the typical result when a diploid cell undergoes meiosis? (p. 239)
Your answer: four haploid cells
Correct. The two cell divisions of meiosis, I and II, produce four haploid daughter cells, which are not
genetically identical to the diploid parent cell.

12. Correct If a diploid animal has 20 chromosomes, its sperm has _____. (p. 236)
Your answer: 10 chromosomes.
Correct. Haploid sex cells contain half as many chromosomes as diploid somatic cells.

13. Correct In a cell containing 10 chromosomes, meiosis results in the formation of daughter cells
containing __________ chromosomes. (p. 236)
Your answer: 5
Correct. Haploid sex cells contain half as many chromosomes as diploid somatic cells.

14. Correct A karyotype is _____. (p. 236)

Your answer: a photograph of all a person's chromosomes
Correct. Karyotypes, ordered displays of a person's chromosomes, are useful in identifying chromosomal
abnormalities.

15. Correct Two chromosomes in a nucleus that carry genes for the same traits in the same loci, but specify
different versions of the same traits, are called _____. (p. 236)
Your answer: homologous chromosomes
Correct. Homologous chromosomes carry genes controlling the same inherited characters.

16. Correct How many pairs of autosomes do humans have? (p. 236)
Your answer: 22
Correct. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes.

17. Correct A karyotype is produced by _____. (p. 236)

Your answer: organizing the homologous chromosomes of a cell in relation to their number, size, and type
Correct. To prepare a karyotype, chromosomes are stained and fixed to a microscope slide, which is
photographed. The photograph is entered into a computer, and the chromosomes are electronically arranged
into pairs according to size and shape.

18. Correct Which one of the following is true about homologous chromosomes? (p. 236)
Your answer: They have genes for the same traits at the same loci.
Correct. The chromosomes that make up a pair are called homologous chromosomes, and they carry genes
controlling the same inherited characters.

19. Correct Humans have 46 chromosomes. That number of (human) chromosomes will be found in
_____. (p. 240)
Your answer: all the interphase somatic cells
Correct. Somatic cells in interphase contain the characteristic diploid chromosome number.
20. Incorrect When we say that an organism is haploid, we mean that _____. (p. 236)
Your answer: none of the above
The correct answer: its cells each have one set of chromosomes
No. One of the other choices is correct.

21. Correct An autosome is _____. (p. 236)

Your answer: a chromosome other than a sex chromosome
Correct. Chromosomes that determine an individual's sex, the X and Y, are called sex chromosomes. The
other chromosomes are called autosomes.

22. Correct The diploid phase of the human life cycle begins with _____. (p. 236)
Your answer: fertilization
Correct. The union of haploid gametes at fertilization produces the zygote, or fertilized egg, which starts
the diploid phase of the life cycle of humans and is characteristic of animals.

23. Correct Which one of the following is NOT a function of meiosis in humans? (p. 237)
Your answer: multiplication of body cells
Correct. This is NOT a function of meiosis in humans. It is mitosis that enables a multicellular adult to arise
from a fertilized egg and produces cells for growth and tissue repair.

24. Correct Body (somatic) cells in humans contain __________ set(s) of chromosomes and are therefore
termed __________. (p. 236)
Your answer: two ... diploid
Correct. Somatic cells in interphase contain the characteristic diploid chromosome number.

25. Correct Nearly all life cycles have both haploid and diploid phases. Usually, the transition from
haploid to diploid takes place _____. (p. 236)
Your answer: at fertilization, when gametes fuse
Correct. The union of haploid gametes at fertilization produces the zygote, or fertilized egg, which starts
the diploid phase of the life cycle of humans and is characteristic of animals.

26. Correct Spores and gametes are different in that _____. (p. 239)
Your answer: gametes can fuse to form a zygote, but spores can develop into independent organisms
without first forming a zygote
Correct. Unlike a gamete, a spore gives rise to a multicellular organism without fusing with another cell.

27. Incorrect At the end of telophase I of meiosis and cytokinesis, there are _____. (p. 241)
Your answer: two diploid cells
The correct answer: two haploid cells
No. Two diploid cells are the result of the completion of the mitotic cell cycle.

28. Correct Synapsis occurs during _____. (p. 240)

Your answer: prophase I
Correct. Synapsis is the pairing of homologous chromosomes during prophase I.

29. Correct During anaphase II _____. (p. 241)

Your answer: sister chromatids separate and migrate toward opposite poles
Correct. This occurs during anaphase II.

30. Correct During anaphase I _____. (p. 240)

Your answer: homologues separate and migrate toward opposite poles
Correct. This occurs during anaphase I.

31. Correct Cytokinesis is the _____. (p. 241)

Your answer: division of one cell into two
Correct. Cytokinesis normally accompanies both telophase I and telophase II, as well as the telophase of
mitosis.

32. Correct Centrioles separate during _____. (p. 240)

Your answer: prophase I and prophase II
Correct. As the centrioles separate, the spindle apparatus forms between them.

33. Correct Crossing over occurs during _____. (p. 244)

Your answer: prophase I
Correct. Crossing over resulting in genetic recombination occurs during this phase.

34. Correct Regions of chromosomes where nonsister chromatids cross over are called _____. (p. 240)
Your answer: chiasmata
Correct. Chiasmata are regions where crossing over has occurred.

35. Correct In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes is 23. Independent assortment has the
possibility of producing _____ different gametes. (p. 244)
Your answer: 223
Correct. For each gamete there are two possibilities for each chromosome (the paternal or the maternal
chromosome) and there are 23 different chromosomes per gamete.

36. Correct If the diploid number of chromosomes in a certain animal is 6 (2n = 6), there are three sets of 2
homologous chromosomes each, or three pairs. How do these three pairs align and separate in meiosis? (p.
243)
Your answer: They align and assort independently to form any of eight different combinations.
Correct. Because each homologous pair of chromosomes is positioned independently of other pairs at
metaphase I, the first meiotic division results in the independent assortment of paternal and maternal
chromosomes into daughter cells. In a case in which 2n = 6, eight combinations of chromosomes are
possible for gametes.

37. Correct An organism has a haploid chromosome number n = 4. How many tetrads will form during
meiosis? (p. 240)
Your answer: 4
Correct. Because of the synapsis of homologous chromosomes, the number of tetrads in meiosis I will be
the same as the haploid number of chromosomes.

38. Correct Which event ocurs only during prophase I of the first meiotic division? (p. 240)
Your answer: Synapsis of homologous pairs occurs.
Correct. Synapsis of homologous chromosomes occurs at prophase of meiosis I.

39. Correct In a male mammal, every cell that undergoes meiosis gives rise to __________ sperm. (p. 239)
Your answer: four
Correct. One diploid parent cell gives rise to four haploid sex cells at the completion of the two meiotic
divisions.

40. Incorrect In a species in which 2n = 16, how many homologous pairs of chromosomes are present in
each daughter cell at the end of meiosis I? (p. 239)
Your answer: 8
The correct answer: 0
No. This is the number of chromosomes found in each cell at the end of meiosis I.

41. Correct Which one of the following occurs in meiosis, but not mitosis? (p. 242)
Your answer: Homologous chromosomes separate.
Correct. Homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I. This event follows synapsis, an event
unique to prophase I.
42. Incorrect Mitosis and meiosis differ in several ways. Meiosis, but not mitosis, _____. (p. 242)
Your answer: is correctly described by all of these statements
The correct answer: involves two bouts of cell division
Correct. Meiosis involves two divisions that result in four daughter cells (instead of two). Each cell has half
the number of chromosomes of the original parent cell, and it is, of course, not genetically identical to the
parent cell.

43. Correct Meiosis is more complicated than mitosis because it carries out more complicated functions.
Meiosis must _____. (p. 242)
Your answer: undergo two rounds of cytokinesis
This answer is partially correct.

44. Correct Which one of the following occurs in meiosis, but not in mitosis? (p. 242)
Your answer: synapsis of homologous chromosomes
Correct. An early distinguishing feature of meiosis is the appearance of tetrads that form during prophase I
as homologous chromosomes synapse.

45. Incorrect Why is crossing over important? (p. 244)

Your answer: It ensures that homologous chromosomes pair.
The correct answer: It allows the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes.
No. Synapsis is the pairing of homologues.

46. Incorrect Ignoring crossover, how many kinds of gametes can be produced by an organism with a
diploid number of 8? (p. 244)
Your answer: 4
The correct answer: 16
No. Higher.

47. Correct For a species with a haploid number of 5 chromosomes, how many combinations of
chromosomes are possible in the gametes? (p. 244)
Your answer: 32
Correct. The number of combinations possible when chromosomes assort independently into gametes
during meiosis is 2n, where n is the haploid number of chromosomes.

48. Correct The major contribution of sex to evolution has been _____. (p. 235)
Your answer: to provide a method that creates greater genetic variation
Correct. Sexual life cycles produce enormous genetic variation among offspring.

49. Incorrect Crossing over does NOT _____. (p. 244)

Your answer: provide a basis for genetic mapping
The correct answer: occur in the prophase of mitosis
Crossing over DOES provide a basis for gene mapping.