CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Simple present tense is the main formula in English grammar. From simple present
tense, we can develop another sentence, such as past tense. Simple present tense show us the
action which done at now or the action which usually happen or we call a habit.
Simple present tense divided by 2: in verbal or sentence, which has verb, or nominal or
the sentence, which has no verb. And in the next part, we will learn more about simple
present tense completely with it’s formula and division too.

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 CHAPTER II
CONTENT

Simple present tense is a sentence that indicate the present time or something that
often happen sometimes or often.

Usually the sentence is divided by 2. verbal sentence and nominal sentence. Verbal
sentence consist of subject + verb, and nominal sentence consist of subject + to be

Subject To be
I Am
You Are
He Is
She Is
It Is
They are

1. Affirmative/positive sentence
a. Verbal sentence
Formula :
S+V1(-s or –es)

We add –s-or –es in the end of verb if the subject is third singular person (he, she, it):
• The common infinotove verb we add –s
Example:
To speak = speaks
To read = reads
Etc

• The verb ended by –o we add –es

Example:
To do = does
To go = goes

• Infinitive ended by –ch, -sh, s, and x, we add –es in the end of verb.
Example:
To teach = teaches
To wish = wishes
To fox = fixes

• Infinitive ended by –y and before –y is consonant, we put –es, and-y change into i
Example:
To fly = flies
To study = studies

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 • Infinitive ended by consonant, but before consonant is avewel, we add –s
Example:
To buy = buys
To play= plays

• Infinitive ended by –e even ended by sound –z- or –j, we add –s

Example:
To use = uses
b. Nominal sentence
Formula :

S+TO BE+ADJETIVE/NOUN

Example:
I am a student
She is clever

2. Negative sentence
a. Verbal sentence
Formula

S+DO/DOES+V1

We use do for I, You, We, they

We use does for he, she, it

Example:
I do not go to school
She does not write the letter

b. Nominal sentence
S+TO BE+NOT+NOUN/ADJECTIVE

Example:
I am not a student
She is not clever

3. Interrogative sentence
a. Verbal sentence
Formula

DOES/DO+S+V1

Example:
Do you go to school?

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 Does she study ?

b. Nominal sentence
TO BE+S+NOUN/ADJECTIVE

Example:
Are you a student?
Is She clever?

4. Negative interrogative sentence

a. Verbal sentence
Formula
DO/DOES+NOT+S+V1
Example:
Do not you go to school?
Does not she go to school?

b. Nominal sentence
TO BE+NOT+S+ADJECTIVE?NOUN

Example:
Is not she clever?
Are not you a student?