P.T.O.

*3963318* [3963] 318

T.E. Chemical (Semester II) Examination, 2011
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN I (New)
(2008 Pattern)
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 100
Instructions: 1) Answer to the two Sections should be written in separate
answer books.
2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
3) Use of logarithmic tables, slide rule, Mollier charts, electronic
pocket calculator and steam tables is allowed.
4) Assume suitable data, if necessary.
SECTION I
1. a) Discuss the materials of construction for process equipments. 8
b) Describe optimization and optimization techniques. 8
OR
2. a) Discuss in brief non destructive tests for vessels and joints. 10
b) Write on plastics as material of construction for chemical plants. 6
3. a) Define pressure vessel and explain design of pressure vessel subjected to
external pressure. 8
b) Calculate the thickness of a torrispherical head (100-6) and (80-6), Elliptical
head (2:1) and hemispherical head for a pressure vessel having design pressure
7 kg/cm
2
. Diameter of vessel is 1.5 m and permissible stress is 1250 Kg/cm
2
.
Welded joint efficiency is 85%. 8
OR
4. a) A pressure vessel is to be designed for a internal pressure of 0.3 N/mm
2
. The
vessel has nominal diameter of 1.2 m. The vessel is madeup of stainless steel
with permissible stress of 130 N/mm
2
and no corrosion allowance is necessary.
If the weight of the vessel and its contents is 3200 Kg and torque due to offset
piping is 500 N-m, find stresses due to combined loading. 8
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b) Discuss :
i) Gasket selection and classification
ii) Reinforcement of nozzels. 8
5. a) Explain various types of constructions used for high pressure vessels. 6
b) Explain various types of roofs used for storage vessels. 6
c) Explain Hortonspheres as storage vessels. 6
OR
6. a) A high pressure vessel is to be operated at 100 MN/m
2
. The inside diameter of
the vessel is 30.5 cm. A steel having yield stress 466 MN/m
2
is selected for
fabrication. Estimate the wall thickness required by various theories with factor
of safety 1.6. 8
b) Explain in brief the various types of losses during storage of volatile liquids. 6
c) A storage tank is to store 30000 Kgs of Benzene having density 800 Kg/M
3
.
Due to space limitations the maximum tank diameter can be 2.4 m. Estimate
the height of the tank if the liquid is filled up to 90% of the capacity of the
storage tank. 4
SECTION II
7. a) Discuss the design of tall vertical column. 10
b) Give the step by step method for designing the skirt thickness due to dead
weight of the vessel, due to wind load and due to seismic load. 6
OR
8. a) Explain in detail the design procedure for saddle support. 8
b) With neat sketches explain the leg support and lug support for the vertical
vessels. 8
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9. A light oil is to be cooled in a 1:2 shell and tube Heat Exchanger at a rate of
54430 Kg/Hr from 100C to 38C. Cooling tower water is used as cooling medium
which is available at 16C and can be heated up to 32C. Tubes of 19 mm OD
and 16 mm ID are available with 16 feet length. Use the following data
Properties of light oil -
Specific heat = 2345 J/KgK, Density = 850 Kg/m
3
,
Viscosity = 2 cp, Thermal conductivity = 0.142 W/mK
Properties of water -
Specific heat = 4187 J/KgK, Density = 1000 Kg/m
3
,
Viscosity = 0.68 cp, Thermal conductivity = 0.623 W/mK
Fouling resistance on both sides may be taken as 0.0004 m
2
K/W. Metal wall
resistance can be neglected. As a first estimate take overall heat transfer coefficient
as 450 W/m
2
K. Design the exchanger in detail. 18
OR
10. a) With neat sketches explain various types of baffles used for shell and tube
heat exchangers. 6
b) Water is heated in a double pipe heat exchanger using dry saturated steam
supplied on the annulus side. Steam condenses at 320K and there is no
subcooling. Water flows at 2 m/s through the tube of 25 mm outside diameter
and 2500 mm length. Calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient based on
outside diameter, if the water inlet and outlet temperatures are 293 and 295K
respectively. How would the outlet temperature change if the water velocity is
increased by 50% ?
Data for water
Density = 1000 Kg/m
3
, Specific heat = 4.18 KJ/KgK
Inside film heat transfer coefficient may be estimated by following equation
applicable for water.
hi = 4280 (0.00488 T-1) (V)
0.8
(d)
0.2
,W/m
2
.K
Where T = mean water temperature, K
V = Water velocity m/s,
d = may be taken as pipe OD im m. 12
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11. a) Suggest a suitable thermal design for a condenser to be used for condensing
4.2 Kg/s of steam. Steam will be condensed at pressure of 4.13 KN/m
2
.
Steam has a dryness fraction of 0.92. Cooling water is available at 17C and
for economic reason temperature rise has to be limited up to 1.2 m/s through
the tubes. The exchanger has two passes on tube side. Tubes of 19.05 mm
OD and 15.75 mm ID can be used. Estimate the number of tubes, their length,
tube bundle diameter and the shell diameter. Overall heat transfer coefficient
based on external areas of tubes = 3400 W/m
2
K. 10
b) Explain various methods of feeding for multiple effect evaporators. 6
OR
12. a) What are the advantages of plate heat exchanger ? With neat sketches show
the various flow patterns in plate heat exchanger. 6
b) A single effect evaporator is to be operated at absolute pressure of 0.13 bar.
Estimate the heat transfer area necessary to concentrate 4500 Kg/hr of Caustic
soda solution from 10% to 40% (by weight) using saturated steam at 117C
as heating media. The overall heat transfer coefficient may be taken as
1.25 KW/m
20
C.
Data -
Specific heat of feed = 4000 J/KgC
Specific heat of product = 3260 J/KgC
Feed temperature = 18C
BPR of solution = 30C
Density of boiling liquid = 1390 Kg/m
3
The liquid level in the evaporator is 1200 mm above the heating surface. 10

B/I/11/520