MULTI-PIN CHARGER

(Minor project)









Submitted to: Submitted by:
Mr. B.R. Dutta Deshdeep Gupta
Head of department (ECE) M.Tech (II semester)
SRMSCET, Bareilly Microwave Engineering
1301468508




















ABSTRACT

In todays mobile age, our cell phones keep us connected to everyone
247. Without mobiles, well all be back to the Stone Age. But
irrespective of their class, they all run on a battery which goes down at
the end of the day. The smarter your phone, the sooner it runs out of
charge.

The main goal of the project is to successfully manufacture multi
output cell phone charger. The product that is safe, reliable and useful
with low production cost. We will be making A.C. to D.C. charger with
either of the two technology i.e. (Linear Regulated Power Supply) or
(Switched Mode Power Supply).

It is important that the outputs for the charger provide the consumer
with a variety of cables that will allow the charger to charge their
mobile devices. Keeping this in mind we will be providing 5 different
pins to charge from single supply.

It is very important to have a steady output voltage with minimal
fluctuations. Several safety measures would also be inculcated in the
project like auto cut-off circuit that will stop charging the phone once
it is fully charged. This will protect the battery and make its life long.







Basic Idea and Block Diagram

Pin 1
A.C. Supply Pin 2
Pin 3
Pin 4
Pin 5
Fig 1: Basic Idea

Linear Regulated Power Supply








Fig 2: Linear Regulated Power Supply based Charger





MULTIPIN CHARGER
A.C. Supply


Transformer
Rectifier Filter
Regulator Filter
Mobile phones
Illustration of Block Diagram

Step 1: Step down the high input of 220V to a working output
voltage. This is achieved with the help of a transformer .
Step 2: Convert AC signal into a DC signal using rectification.
Step 3: Smoothen the output of the rectifier by filtering the ripples
from DC rectification.
Step 4: Generate a steady output signal with the help of a
regulator.
Step 5: Smoothening the output of the regulator further to remove
any ripples if present.

Switched Mode Power Supply



Fig 3: SMPS Based charging



Illustration:
In these switching mode chargers, energy transfer is done by
continuously switching electrical components (inductor, capacitor,
etc) on and off.

We can control the output voltage/current by varying the duty
cycle, frequency or the corresponding phase.


Using the SMPS technology makes the chargers smaller and
lighter by elimination of low frequency transformers. It also
presents a greater efficiency than the conventional methods which
uses bulky transformers.

The AC supply first enters through the line filters in the charger.
Line filters are the kind of electronic filters that are placed between
an electronic device and an external line to alter/attenuate the
electromagnetic interference effect.


Now filtered signal are made to pass through the full wave bridge
rectifier circuit. Rectifier converts the AC voltage to DC.

Output DC voltage from rectifier circuit passes through the PFC
(Power Factor Correction) circuit which operates power circuits at
their maximum efficiency.


Further the voltage signal is transferred to the pulse transformer
that is a special type of transformer optimized to produce
rectangular electrical pulses.

It reduces the voltage level of the input power and gives a low
voltage power that is exactly required to charge the battery.


HARDWARE REQUIRED

TRANSFORMER (0-6 Volts / 3 amp)

DIODES (IN5402)


RESISTOR (5K, 120K)

CAPACITORS (470 F, 1F)


REGULATOR IC (LM338)

ZENER DIODE


MOSFET

VARIABLE RESISTANCE (5K)










CONCLUSION