University of Bacu - Calea Mreti 157, 600115 Bacu, Romnia

Adriana-Luminia FNARU, Irina-Claudia ALEXA, Oana-Irina PATRICIU, Daniela NICU and Lucian GAVRIL
The extraction of vegetal sample was realized using ethanol as solvent.
The alcoholic extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure and
the free amino acids and polyphenols content was determined by thin
layer chromatography.
To extend our research concerning the composition of some active principles of Brassica
oleracea var. Capitata, we decided to compare the traditional separation techniques with
microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) [1]. This procedure integrates extraction, clarification and
concentration into a single step to increase yield and at lower cost .
EXPERIMENTAL SECTION
The free amino acids content
in alcoholic extracts from
Brassica oleracea var. Capitata
INTRODUCTION
A comparative study of different extraction strategies of bio-active
components from Brassica Oleracea var. Capitata
Compared with the conventional extraction methods, the MAE procedure
provided high extraction, high extraction selectivity, requiring short time,
and less labor intensive.
The content of the free amino acids are influenced by the provenience of
the biological material and the composition of growth medium.
MAE was suitable for fast extraction of polyphenols and amino acids from
cabbage. Food and medicinal industries would be benefited from this
emerging technology of MAE, which was rapid, safe and more eco-friendly
than conventional extraction methods.
CHIMIE APLICAT I
INGINERIE DE PROCES
CHIMIE APLICAT I
INGINERIE DE PROCES
In recent years, the use of microwave for extraction of constituents from plant material has
shown tremendous research interest and potential. Conventional techniques for the extraction of
active constituents are time and solvent consuming, thermally unsafe and the analysis of
numerous constituents in plant material is limited by the extraction step.
The most important groups of the active principles in
Brassica are: the glucosinolates, the phenyl ether derivatives,
the flavonoid and the sterolic compounds [2].
The presence of various amino acids in Brassica oleracea has
been confirmed by the specific literature as followed: cysteine
1,6%, cystine 1,5%, isoleucine 2,9%, leucine 4,2%, lysine
3,7%, methionine 1,0%, phenylalanine 2,6%, threonine 2,7%,
tryptophan 0,8%, tyrosine 2,1%, valine 3,4% [3].
[1] Shu Y. Y., Lai T. L., Lin H. S., Yang T. C., Chang C. P. Chemosphere, 2003, 52,
1667-1676.
[2] Hnsel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H. & Schneider, G. (ed.): Hagers Handbuch der
pharmazeutischen Praxis 4. 5. Auflage. Drogen A-D., Springer, Berlin, 1992.
[3] a) Stan R. Aditivi alimentari-Produi naturali i de sintez, Editura Printech,
Bucureti, 2007; b) Scott Raymond P. W. Principles and Practice of
Chromatography, 2003.
[4] Chen S. S., Spiro M. J. Microwave power Electromagn. Energy, 1994, 29, 231-
241.
[5] Mattina M. J. I., Berger W. A. I., Denson C. L. J. Agric. Food. Chem., 1997, 45,
4691-4696.
[6] Ge Y. Z., Jin H. Chin. Herbal Med., 1994, 25, 124-125.
[7] Li J., Feng Y. S. Nat. Prod. Res. Dev., 1996, 8, 42-47.
[8] Hu Q. H., Jiang M., Zhu J. C. Nat. Prod. Res. Dev., 1996, 8, 42-47.
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Recently, microwave-assisted extraction has been used for the extraction of biologically active compounds, such as extraction of
essential oils from the leaves of rosemary and peppermint [4], extraction of taxanes from Taxus biomass [5], extraction of tea
polyphenols and tea caffeine from green tea leaves has been reported [6-8]. However, no report has been done on the use of MAE
for the extraction of polyphenols and amino acids from cabbage.
90 (1+5) min
MAE
(Microwave-Assisted Extraction)***
Extraction at room temperature 37 24 h
87 3 30 min Heat reflux extraction
Global extraction
yield (%)**
Extraction
time
Extraction method*
Comparison of the results of the extraction with MAE and
conventional extraction method
*Solvent: ethanol; cabbage leaves (20% dry matter): 5 g; liquid/solid ratio: 20:1 mLg
-1
.
***P = 800 W
The polyphenols content in
alcoholic extracts from
Brassica oleracea var. Capitata
*solid residue after extraction
BN
BDN
BN
KD
BN
KD
BN
KD
Growth
medium
- Thr
+ Lys
++ Cys-Cys
+ Cys
DE
- Thr
++ Lys
++ Cys-Cys
traces Cys
- Thr
- Lys
traces Cys-Cys
traces Cys
- Thr
- Lys
- Cys-Cys
- Cys
Z
2-12
offshoots
provided by
anther
callus
- Thr
traces Lys
+ Cys-Cys
traces Cys
+ Thr
+++ Lys
++++ Cys-Cys
++ Cys
Z
2-12
callus provided
by anthers
- Thr
- Lys
traces Cys-Cys
traces Cys
- Thr
traces Lys
++ Cys-Cys
+ Cys
Z
2-12
regenerant
provided by
anthers direct
organogenesis
Spot
intensity
Amino
acids
Genotype Source
The free amino acids content in alcoholic extracts from anthers
on Brassica oleracea var. Capitata
**w/w dry matter
Universitatea din Bacu