PROPOSAL

FLEXIM Ultrasonic Flowmeter Clamp-on Type

Liquid Measurement







Attention:

PLTD BANGKA





PREPARED BY : PT PAP SAIYO









Table of Contents

1. Introduction
1.1 Flexim Flow Technology
2. Ultrasonic Flowmeter Measuring Principle
2.1 Measuring Principle
2.2 Sound Paths and Installation Mode
2.3 Selection of the measuring point
2.3.1 Acoustic Penetration
2.3.2 Undisturbed Flow Profile

3. The Background
3.1 Description
3.2 Solution
3.3 Advantages

4. Product Information
3.1 FLUXUS F704 Non-instrusive Ultrasonic Floemwters For Liquids
3.2 Transmitter Specification
3.3 Transducer Liquid Specification

5. Flexim Design
5. 1 Flexim design without HMI Monitoring in Control Room
5.2 Flexim design with HMI Monitoring in Control Room
6. Catalogue







1 Introduction

1.1 Flexim Flow Technology

Highly Realiable Metering

The Advantages of the non-instrusive ultrasonic flow measurement are
obvious :
As the Transducers are clamped onto the outside of the pipe, the measurement
system is not exposed to any wear, tear or abrasion from the medium flowing inside
the pipe.
Moreover, as the system does not pertrude into the pipe, no pressure losses are
evoked, which in the end avoids unneccesary energy costs involved to the customer.
Measuring at high pressures, thick pipe walls and exotic pipe materials are not a
problem at all for FLEXIM's flow meters.
Installation requirements are non existing - no cutting or welding has to be done to
the pipe. The transducers are clamped-on externally by our solid mounting fixtures
which also ensure a nearly maintenance free and long lasting lifecycle, which in the
end means: There are no process shut-downs requiered at any times!
FLEXIM's ultrasonic transducer systems are simply attached to the outside of the
pipe.
Thus, the measuring equipment is not subject to wear and tear by the media and
does not cause any pressure loss inside the pipe. Measurements at maximum
operating pressures can be carried out easily with no additional costs added. No pipe
work is required when setting up the measuring point and, as a result, the operation
is not interrupted.
In combination with FLEXIM's transmitters, our flow meters ensure:
100% plant availability
Simple attachment of the Perma-Mounting Fixture to the outside of the pipe
Installation is possible during normal ongoing operation without process
downtime





100% resistant to media
No contact with media, therefore no chemical attack to the system
No need to use expensive special materials
100% wear-free
No wear and tear by abrasive media
Long-term stable, maintenance-free operation due to permanent coupling
pads
100% leak-proof
No additional risk of pipe leakage caused by the measuring equipment
100% pressure-resistant
No pressure limit
Effortless measurement even at maximum operating pressures
No extra charge for high pressure ranges
Zero point and measurement reading are not affected by static pressure
changes
Unaffected by pressure peaks or solid content in the flow
100% secure
No blockage of small bores or impulse piping
No influence of pulsations, vibrations, speed peaks, swirling or cross flows
100% robust
Resistant to pressure surges or solids in the medium
100% economical
No pressure loss, thus low operating costs
Cost-effective installation
Installation without welding or other mechanical work on the pipe
No extra charge for large nominal widths





100% progressive
Precise, hysteresis-free, bi-directional flow measurement with high
measurement dynamics
Long-term stable, drift-free measurement results
High measuring rate
Short response time
Measurement of even minute flows
Not sensitive to pulsations, vibrations, velocity peaks, swirling flows or cross-
flow conditions

Unmatched Flow Metering Accuracy
FLEXIM's non-intrusive ultrasonic clamp-on flow meters not only set the standards in
terms of reliability and user-friendliness but especially in terms of accuracy.
The exceptional precision of the flow meters are based on over 20 years of
experience and deep knowlegde in the field of ultrasonic clamp-on flow metering by
FLEXIM's engineers.
Serveral technological breakthroughs, driven by the company, as well as
implemented standards are the responsible cornerstones.
Plug & Play wet-flow calibrated transducers
Each matched pair of transducers undergo a rigorous wet-flow calibration at the
factory and is shipped with traceable calibration documentation. All calibration data
(including the transducer identification and parameters) is stored in a transducer-
resident non-volatile memory (EPROM). It is automatically transferred to the
transmitter upon connection. Consequently, programming errors are eliminated and
there is never a need for a zero adjustment or calibration.

Dual-P Technology with Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
FLUXUS instruments feature an exceptionally robust dual-P technology core
together with the latest Digital Signal Processing (DSP). With a generation of 1000
signals per second, they allow for real time statistical analysis and produce stable
and reliable results even under the most difficult application conditions.









Powerful Correction Algorithms
Based on many years of experience, FLEXIM continually developed the FLUXUS
measurement algorithm, which automatically adapts to varying application
conditions. Especially under non-ideal conitions with high pipe wall echoes,
transducer positioning errors or a strong signal damping caused by exotic pipe
materials or the medium itself, FLEXIM's correction algorithms play out their full
advantage by unambigously recognizing such errors and eliminating them.
All this makes the FLUXUS flow meters unsurpassed in performance
and one of the most capable ultrasonic flow meters available on the
market today.
Guaranteed to be User Friendly

Highly Intuitive

No elaborate instructions are required in order to use FLUXUSs intuitively
structured menus. The pipe material and media parameters are easily found in the
systems internal database.
The measurement is started with just a few key strokes. Explosionproof instruments
can be operated without opening the housing and without requiring any additional
programming devices.
A Straight-Shot from pipe to PC
FluxData connects FLUXUS to any PC. This optional software package with a
graphical user interface takes care of the data exchange between the
transmitter and the computer.
With FluxData, you can easily transfer your measurement data from the flowmeter
to a PC, analyze and visualize the measuring results and manage the data files
directly or export them to an external data management program.























Widest Application Range
From 14 inch tubing to 20 foot penstocks
FLEXIM's non-intrusive technology offers reliable measurement on the smallest
pipes (e.g. 1/4 inch tubing in paint finishing systems) as well as on very large ones
(e.g large penstock measurements in hydroelectric plants).
For any pipe and any liquid or gas
The measurement is possible on every liquid or gaseous medium and pipe material,
regardless of the conductivity.
Wether it is steel, iron or plastic pipes; sludge, sand, acids or tar as medium:
FLUXUS is up to the challenge!
Extreme temperature solutions
Standard transducers may be used at temperatures from -22F to 266F - the
temperature range of the high temp versions extends up to 392F.
The patented WaveInjector system expands the measurement range of FLEXIMs
standard transducers from cryogenic temperatures at -256F up to 752F.





Regardless of pressure levels
Since the ultrasonic transducers are mounted on the outside of the pipe, the
measurement is not pressure sensitive. Measurements at high operating pressures
do not result in any extra costs whatsoever.
... even in hazard area locations
Transducers and transmitters are available in FM / ATEX certified versions


2 Ultrasonic Flowmeter Clamp-on Type

2.1 Measuring Principle
The proposed flow meter employs the transit time difference principle for flow
measurement. Ultrasonic signals are emitted by a transducer installed on one side of
a pipe, reflected on the opposite side and received by a second transducer. These
ultrasonic signals are emitted alternatively in the direction of flow and against it.
As the medium in which the signals propagate is flowing, the transit time of the
ultrasonic signals in the flow direction is shorter than against the flow direction.
The transit time difference t is measured and allows to determine the average flow
velocity on the propagation path of the ultrasonic signals. A flow profile correction is
then performed in order to obtain the area average of the flow velocity, which is
proportional to the volume flow.

Figure 1: Transit time difference correlation principle







The received ultrasonic signals will be checked for their usefulness for the
measurement and the plausibility of the measured values will be evaluated. The
complete measuring cycle is controlled by the integrated microprocessors.
Disturbance signals will be eliminated.
The volumetric flow rate is calculated as follow:

Q = k
Re
. A . k
a
. t/(2 . t
fl
)

where:
Q - volumetric flow rate
k
Re
- fluid mechanics calibration factor
A - cross-sectional area of the pipe
k
a
- acoustical calibration factor
t - transit time difference
t
fl
- transit time in the medium
2.2 Sound Paths and Installation Mode
The number of sound paths is the number of transits the ultrasonic signal through
the medium in the pipe. Depending on the number of sound paths, the following
methods of installation exist:
Reflection mode
The number of sound paths is even. Both of the transducers are mounted on the
same side of the pipe. Correct positioning of the transducers is easier.
Diagonal mode
The number of sound paths is odd. Both of the transducers are mounted on opposite
sides of the pipe. In the case of high signal attenuation by the medium, pipe and
coatings, diagonal mode with 1 sound path will be used.


Figure 2: Sound Paths and Installation Mode

2.3 Selection of The Measuring Point

The Correct selection of the measuring point is crucial for achieving reliable
measurement result and a high measurement accuracy.







A measurement on a pipe is possible if:
- The ultrasound propagates with a sufficiently high amplitude (see section 2.3.1)
- The flow profile is fully developed (see section 2.3.2).
The correct selection of the measuring point and thus, the correct transducer
positioning guarantees that the sound signal will be received under optimum
conditions and evaluated correctly.

Due to the variety of applications and the different factors that influence the
measurement, there is no standard solution for the transducer positioning. The
correct position of the transducers is influenced by the following factoros:
- Diameter, material, lining, wall thickness and form of the pipe.
- Medium.
- Gas bubbles in the medium.
Avoid measuring points in the vicinity of deformations and defects of the pipe and in
the vicinity of welds.

Avoid location with deposit formation in the pipe. The ambient temperature must be
within the operating range of the transducers.

Select the location of the transmitter within cable reach of the measuring point.

The ambient temeperature at the location must be within the operating
temperature range of the transmitter.

If the measuring point is within an explosive atmosphere, the danger zone and gases
that may be present must be determined. The transducers and the transmitter must
be appropriate for these conditions.

2.3.1 Acoustic Penetration

The pipe must be acoustically penetrable at the measuring point. The acoustic
penetration is reached when pipe and medium do not attenuate the sound signal so
strongly that is completely absorbed befor reaching the second transducer.

The attenuation in the pipe and in the medium depends on:
- Kinematic viscosity of the medium.
- Proportion of gas bubbles and solids in the medium.
- Deposits on the inner pipe wall.
- Pipe material

The following requirements must be met at the measuring point:
- The pipe is always filled completely.
- No material deposits in the pipe.



-



- No Bubbles accumulate.
-
Tabel 4.1 : Recommended Mounting Posistion

Horizontal Pipe

Select a measuring point where the transducers can be mounted on the side of the
pipe, allowing the sound waves to propagate in the pipe horizontally. Thus solid
deposits on the bottom of the pipe or gas bubbles in the pipes upper part will not
influence the propagation of the signal.



Vertical Pipe

Select the measuring point at the pipe location where the medium flows upwards.
The pipe must be completely filled.


Free inlet or outlet pipe section
Select the measuring point at a pipe location where the pipe cannot run empty.








2.3.2 Undisturbed Flow Profile

Many flow elements (elbows, slide valves, valves, pumps, T-sections, diffusers, etc.)
distort the flow profile in their vicinity. The axi-symmetrical flow profile needed for
correct measurement is no longer given. A careful selection o the measuring point
makes if possible to reduce the impact of disturbance sources.

It is most important that the measuring point is chosen at a sufficient distance from
any disturbance sources. Only then can it be assumed that the flow profile in the
pipe is fully developed.

However, Fluxus will give you meaningful measuring results even under non-ideal
measuring conditions, with a liquid conditioning a certain proportion of gas bubbles
or solid particles or if the recommended distances to disturbance sources cannot be
observed for practical reasons for example.

In the following examples, the recommended straight inlet and outlet pipe lengths
are given for different types of flow disturbance sources to assist you in selecting the
correct measuring point.

Table 2.3.2 Recommended distance from disturbance source
(D = nominal pipe diameter at measuring point, L = recommended distance)





















Typical Measurement Set up for Liquids
















3 The Background

3.1 Description

Due to the rising energy prices, the economical use of fuel is an increasingly
important role in the power plant sector. It have to be able to create and evaluate of
the flow rate of fuel for every engine in order to see which machine needs
maintenance work.

To evaluate during each hour of operation, the plant is required to measure and
record the flow rate of the fuel combusted. The flowmeter to measure to fuel oil
must be accurate.









3.2 Solution

Clamp-on ultrasonic flow measurement is the ideal solution for fuel consumption.
The progressive ultrasonic technology of FLEXIM reliably measures on small pipes.
The FLUXUS ADM 7407 transmitter can be transported to the most remote and
narrow measuring point, the S2N7 transducers are easily and reliably mounted onto
the pipe with the sturdy mounting fixtures.


3.3 Advantages

- No extensive modification procedures necessary on the existing pipes
- Fast installation and commissioning of the measuring point.
- Flexible measuring operations, also for different measuring points and
Applications
- High savings potential due to exact measurements with minimum effort

4. Product Information

4.1 FLUXUS F704 Non-instrusive Ultrasonic Floemwters For Liquids
FLUXUS F704 is a stationary ultrasonic flowmeter with its clamp-on transducers, it
is an ideal tool for measurement continuously. Since the transducers are mounted
on the pipa and without process interruption. The measuerement causes no
pressure loss and is ideal for chemically aggressive, corrosive or ultra-pure media.
Thanks to its exceptional dual-uP technology, high number of measuring cycles per
second and adaptive signal processing, FLUXUS F707 produces stable and reliable
measuring results even under difficult condition.

4.2 Transmitter Specification

MODEL
TRANSMITTER
Fluxus ADM 7407
Measuring
principle:
Transit time difference correlation principle
Automatic noiseTrek selection for measurements with high
gaseous or solid content
Flow velocity: 0.01 to 25 m/s for liquid
Resolution: 0.025 cm/s



Repeatability: 0.15% of reading 0.01 m/s
Accuracy: (for fully developed, rotationally
symmetrically flow profile)
- Volume flow: 1% to 3% of reading 0.01 m/s
depending on application
0.5% of reading 0.01 m/s
with process calibration
- Path velocity: 0.5% of reading 0.01 m/s
Measurable fluids: All acoustically conductive fluids with
< 10% gaseous or solid content in volume


4.3 Transducer Liquid Specification

The Transducers System for Liquid Metering at Outlet Oil Production Separator Soka
is using type M shear wave transducer.


Type M Transducer
Wave type: Shear Wave
Operating frequency: 1 MHz
Operating temperature: -40 ...+130 C
Housing material: PEEK with SS 304
Contact surface: PEEK
Classification: ATEX ZONE 2




















5. Flexim Design

5.1 Flexim design without HMI monitoring in Control Room



































The Design is typical for
all engines (7 units)




5.2 Flexim design with HMI monitoring in Control room





































Monitoring HMI
The Design is typical for
all engines (7 units)




6. Catalogue