APUSH GUIDE QUESTIONS Chapters 20-21 Juliana Rodriguez per.

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UNIT 06: PROGRESSIVISM AND IMPERIALISM 1880-1920

1.Analyze how progressives shaped public policy, restore economic opportunities,
and correct injustices in American life.
During the before of progressive, America was in a big mess. America government and the
people were under the mind set of Darwinism; which meant the survivor to the fittest. Also, trusts were
the in control of German, Chinese ,Italian,etc, immigrants and poor labor workers because the
government think it was their business American economic was doing extremely well. First, knight of
labor unsuccessful, but in 1886 form American Federation of Labor group started to form by Samuel
Gomperson of the founders, Ymca muscular Christianity, and United daughters of the Confederacy
founded in 1894. This group were help society and taking care of what was the government job, but now
those group couldn't help because their was too much corruption.
Now, American is entering into either progressive or socialism? American choose progressive
because socialism would be unfair to the rich people because they had to work harder than the workers
but they could paid the same, so The government created the 16 Amendment which states that it allowed
the government to pass income taxes. This Taxes to some money from the rich and helped the poor. In
1920's the government adopted Progressive. Another way that American was correcting injustices was by
a group of journalist called, Muckrakers. People like, Jacob Riis who photograph the living condition that
shocked the nation; Ida Tarbell who took down Rockefeller the owner of the Standard Oil company by
exposing is dirty work, etc, this people helped the government to wake up and do something. The
Government created more space which meant no more valley's, created parks for example Central Park in
Manhattan, NY, medical research that would create vaccines and kill germs, pluming, and Electric troll.

2.Analyze the major factors that drove United States imperialism.
Since America internally was improving and other countries in the 1880-1890 were imperialism; American felt
they had to the same to not be behind the rest of the world. A main factor that leads United into Imperialism was
Darwinism Belief survival to the fittest. In order for America to be the top country, American had to have a strong
military force, expand, and have good resources. In the book, The Influence of Sea Power upon History in 1890
written by Alfred T, Mahan, wrote that in America should go into naval power because past empires had a naval
power that helped them conquer other countries. American took into consideration and saved up money for three
battleships. The beginning signs of imperialism was when Richard Olney, came between an issues between Britain
and Venezuela (gold was discovered).To resolve the issues he used the Monroe Doctrine that states no European
countries can conquer a Latin country. This one of many times that American would use the Monroe Doctrine
against any European countries.

For a while Cuba wanted to get its independence from Spain, since Spanish at this time was weak at this time
compare to the past times. The War of 1898 known as the Spanish-American War, begin of yellow pressed was the
one that caused that The Spanish -American war started ,for example when the Maine ship sank President
McKinley assumed it was an attached from the Spanish because the a newspaper printed that it was the Spanish
fault, but really it a an accentually exposed .At the end of the war, U.S had Guam ,Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Philippines,
and a naval base in Cuba. After, having The Philippines American business wanted to trade with Asia, this was
called "Open door in Asia". While in Asia the Russo-Japanese War between Russian and Japanese had conflict with
one another and it took Roosevelt to create a treaty called Treaty of Portsmouth, this won Roosevelt Nobel Prize for
peace, but countries were not satisfied with the results. The last thing that American wanted to do was to build a
canal between Panama and Colombia, the effect was that a part of Colombia was broken off because American
encourage people from panama to revolt against them just to get the chance to build that Canal of Panama.

3.Analyze the economic, military, and security motivations of the United States to
complete the Panama Canal as well as major obstacles involved in its construction.
Building the Panama Canal was part of United States becoming imperials like to other European countries.
Way before the construction of the Panama Canal, in 1850 William Walker wanted to do the same thing but in
Nicaragua. This wasn't successful because Nicaragua was an independent country that didnt believe in what United
States stand for regarding the building of the canal and The Monroe Doctrine, United States wanted to build the
canal in Panama, but there was two problems. First was that it was own by Colombia and the second was the
Clayton Bulwer treaty. This was between Great Britain and American they both agree that either one of them cannot
be in control of any territorial claim on the canal or the country .The purpose of the Canal was military and trade. In
the Spanish -American war, the day that American launch the invasion they send the U.S.S Oregon from the west
coast of the country just to get to Cuba ,but the ship finally arrived the war was over.
On November 6, 1903, the United States help Panama become an independent country, with this American
got the okay to go and built the canal with a forever lease between the two countries .The canal took 8 years and
35,000 labor worked hired by the U.S Army Corps of Engineers. Most of the workers died because of diseases like
malarial, yellow fever, and also heat stroke , so America sent Dr. William C. Gorgas and Dr. Walter Reed to help
and cure them. In 1914, the canal was finish and help establish United States as one of the leading country in the
world, but the y need recognition by Europeans countries. Since American was expanding, resources became an
important part of expanding. American didnt want to go for extra mile just for external resources, so the canal
would be an important short cut. the biggest reason why the construction of the canal was security to a global
empire.

4. Examine how the United States government prepared the nation for World War I
(Selective Service Act, War Industries Board, war bonds, Espionage Act, Sedition
Act, and Committee of Public Information).
The beginning of World War I, was provoke by a the assassination of Prince Archduke Franz Ferdinand in the
city of Sarajevo on June 1918, who was going to heir the Hungarian throne. Soon after, Austria declared war on
Serbia on July 28, but secretly had an alliance with Russia. The Russia move near Germany and Germany declared
war on Russia. Since Germany was at war with Russia, Germany invaded Belgium which was a big mistake because
France and Germany had an agreement that either side would set foot in that country. As a result France declared
war on Germany. This was all happened in Europe, while in America President Wilson wanted to stay out of the
war. Since America was neutral, this helped money wise. By now U.S bank lent the Allies $2.5 Billion , but to
Germany was less it was $56 million. The two main reasons why America when into war was because of the attack
on the Lusitania ship which killed 128 Americans and The Zimmerman Letter; which Germany wrote to Mexico to
help them keep America busy, so Germany could win the war.
When the United States stop helping Germany economically and stared focusing on U.S.A Army and Navy.
In 1917, since the number of the army was less than they were hoping Congress started a Military draft to get more
men into the war. As a result, in June 5 more than 9.5 million men signed to the army. American had the strong
industrial in the world this help American get everyone to work. In 1917, the War Industries Board was born. This
group focused all it energy on make everything for the soldiers to go to Europe this was under the control of
Bernard Baruch. President Wilson next wanted to united the world, so he formed the Committee on Public
Information. This committee goal was to educated citizens about democracy and immigrants. In the same year, The
Espionage Act, this applied punishments antiwar activities. Also, the year after another act was the passing; it was
called the Sedition Act of 1918 which prohibited behavior or word that might encourage resistance. All in all,
America was again going to feel nationalize because this unified the people and made the country stronger.

5. Compare how the war impacted German Americans, Asian Americans, African Americans,
Hispanic Americans, Jewish Americans, Native Americans, women and dissenters in the United
States.









6. Analyze the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles and the failure of the United States to
support the League of Nations.