1. Define activities first (with proper lags).

[Lags are the time gap between two activities]

2. Modify the schedule using "Activity schedule" option as needed.
3. If a material is not needed to be sent to stock, the same can be deleted after scheduling so that the
field reserves are correct for next schedule.
4. If material sent to crusher is different from that of the schedule, the same can be updated in "Activity
Schedule" option.
- Selective loading - to be ticked for loading the selected category quality from the blocks.
- Automatic redraw - for automatic refresh of schedule and reserves post changes done in
"Activity schedule" window.

Understanding on DHX
1. Creating a new project
2. Importing data
3. Creating section views
4. Configuring drillhole columns
5. Compositing
6. Enhancing plots
7. Creating log sheets
8. Hyper linking to other files
9. Advanced techniques - complex plots, creating linked replicas, creating multiple views on the
same section.




Blasting:
Objectives:
Extract largest possible quantity at minimal cost. The fragmentation has to be taken care such
that the rock left behind is not disturbed and the mine is in proper production. The blasting has to result
in proper fragmentation for easier loading.
Blasting materials:
ANFO not water resistant, lesser dense (hence cannot provide required energy)
Heavy ANFO - AN based slurry and emulsion explosives contain 20% water with combustible
material, sensitiser and thickener. Combustible material can be aluminium or TNT and the thickener can
be starch, water soluble vegetable gum or oil with an emulsifier. Sensitiser can be air bubbles, water
soluble organic nitrates.
Blasting techniques:
Overburdern side casting
Explosives:
Low & High explosives
Low explosives rapid form of combustion and not used.
High explosives primary & secondary
Primary higher velocities (1500-8000 m/s) and produce large volumes of gases.
Secondary explosives are initiated by the shock produced by the detonation of primary
explosives.
Blasting design:
1. Analyse the rock type and other geological disturbances.
2. Bench height
3. Blast hole diameter
4. Explosive type
Type of Explosive Application
ANFO Dry and lined holes.
Good for low powder factor situations.
Slurry/emulsion Both dry and wet holes.
High bulk strength and hence lower drilling costs.
Heavy ANFO Combination of ANFO and slurry. Used in both dry and wet holes.
Cost advantages, can be used as cartridges wherever the ANFO strength is less.
5. Burden
6. Burden/Spacing ratio
7. Stemming
8. Sub drilling
9. Hole depth
10. Hole inclination
11. Powder factor
12. Explosive charge/hole
13. Charge distribution
14. Drill pattern
15. Delay interval
16. Delay sequence
17. Controlled blasting
18. Maximum instantaneous charge
19. Number of holes per row
20. Number of rows.
Stemming

Flyrock & its reasons. Measures to control the same.
Reasons:
- Inadequate burden and spacing
- Overloaded holes
- Geological conditions
- Inaccurate drilling
- Inadequate stemming
- Faulty delay timing and initiation sequence
Control measures:
- Proper blast design
- Site control during blasting
- Experienced drilling crew
- Proper covering
Airblast & its reasons. Measures to control the same.

Controlled blasting
Controlled blasting can be done to reduce the damage to the rock and improve the competence of the
rock at the perimeter of excavation by reducing the cracks. It is also called as cautious blasting/smooth
blasting/contour blasting.

Parameters in controlled blasting
Controlled blasting techniques

Blast patterns: