Respiratory System Worksheet

1. Add the following labels to the diagram of the respiratory system of a dog below:
trachea; bronchioles; diaphragm; bronchi; ribs; larynx; intercostal muscle;
rings of cartilage around trachea; alveoli.
Diagram 2 shows the gaseous exchange in an alveolus.
Diagram 3 shows a model of the respiratory system.

DIagram 2
Rubber
sheet
Stoppe
r
Glass
tube
alloo
n
Diagram 3
Respiratory System Worksheet
1. Add the following labels to the diagram of the respiratory system of a dog below:
trachea; bronchioles; diaphragm; bronchi; ribs; larynx; intercostal muscle;
rings of cartilage around trachea; alveoli.
Diagram 2 shows the gaseous exchange in an alveolus.
Diagram 3 shows a model of the respiratory system.

DIagram 2
Rubber
sheet
Stoppe
r
Glass
tube
alloo
n
Diagram 3
!a"Identify the gases labelled # and $.
Gas #% &&&&&&&&&&&&&&.. Gas $%
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&..
2. List the structures below in the order in which air passes them as it travels from the nose to the lungs
alveoli; trachea; bronchi; bronchioles; larynx; pharynx.
3. Which is the odd one out?
trachea; oesophagus; nasal cavity; larynx; bronchi; bronchioles
. !ow are dust particles that enter the respiratory system in the air e"pelled?
#. Add the correct terms from the list below to the following descriptions.
A. Alveoli; B. Trachea; . Bronchioles; !. "alate; #. "leura; $. !iaphragm;
%. "harynx; &. #xpiration; '. #piglottis; (. Tidal volume.
a$ %mallest respiratory passageways.
b$ %eparates the mouth from the nose.
d$ Windpipe.
e$ Where gas e"change ta&es place.
f$ %tops food 'going the wrong way( ie cho&ing during swallowing.
g$ )oth air and food pass through this.
h$ *he movement of air out of the lungs.
i$ *he main muscle involved in inspiration.
+$ ,embranes that cover the lungs and line the pleural cavity.
&$ *he volume of air inhaled or e"haled at each normal breath.
-. Arrange these statements in the right order to describe inspiration.
A. *he air pressure in the air tight pleural cavities decreases
). *he muscles between the ribs contract to move the ribs cranially and laterally
.. Air is drawn down the trachea into the lungs
/. *he diaphragm contracts and flattens
0. *he lungs e"pand to fill the space created
1. *rue or false?
a$ *he pericardium is the membrane surrounding the lungs. * 2 3
b$ *he tidal volume describes the ma"imum amount of air that can be inhaled into the lungs. * 2 3
c$ *idal volume can be measured with a pea& flow meter * 2 3
d$ 4nspiration ta&es up energy but e"piration 5during normal at rest breathing$ is a passive
process not normally re6uiring energy. * 2 3
e$ *he diaphragm is made of smooth muscle. * 2 3
f$ *he epiglottis closes off the laryn" during swallowing. * 2 3
g$ *he rate of breathing is controlled by the pituitary gland. * 2 3
h$ When an animal e"ercises the rate of breathing increases because the carbon dio"ide in the
blood increases. * 2 3
i$ .arbon dio"ide dissolved in the blood ma&es the blood al&aline. * 2 3
+$ .arbon dio"ide in the blood is mainly carried in the blood plasma.* 2 3
&$ 7"ygen moves from the alveoli into the capillaries by the process of osmosis. * 2 3
l$ 0"pired air contains about 1-8 o"ygen. * 2 3
9. Add the following labels to the diagram of a section cut across lung alveoli shown below.
alveoli; thin layer of )ater; area of high oxygen concentration; area of high carbon dioxide
concentration;
movement of oxygen; movement of carbon dioxide; air flo)ing in and out of alveoli; blood
flo)ing along capillary.
:. Which of the statements below gives the best definition of gas e"change?
a$ swapping o"ygen for digested food in the gut capillaries.
b$ using energy to breathe.
c$ e"changing inhaled air for e"haled air in the lungs.
d$ e"changing o"ygen for carbon dio"ide in the lung alveoli.
1;. Which of the following help the lungs to be such good gas e"change organs? 5.hoose at least $.
*hey are close to the heart.
*hey are surrounded by pleural membranes.
*hey have a large surface area.
*he air in the alveoli and blood in the capillaries are separated by a 2 very thin layers of cells.
*he blood flows more slowly in the lung capillaries as they are so narrow.
*he haemoglobin carries lots of o"ygen.
)reathing constantly changes the air in the alveoli.
Active transport increases the rate at which the two gases move.
11. Add the terms from the list below to the blan&s in the following statements.
Active transport ; B. Air of the alveoli to the capillary blood; . arbon dioxide *poor and
oxygen +rich; !. apillary blood to alveolar air; #. apillary blood to tissue cells; $.
!iffusion; %. &igher concentration; &. ,o)er concentration; '. -xygen*poor and carbon
dioxide + rich; (. Tissue cells to capillary blood.
<as e"change ta&es place bt the process of 51$ .............=
When substances move in this way> they pass from areas of 52$ ................. to areas of their 53$.................
*hus in the alveoli of the lungs o"ygen continually passes from the 5$................ and then in the tissues
from the 5#$................. .onversely in the tissues carbon dio"ide moves from the5-$................. and in the
lungs from 51$................... 3rom the lungs it passes out of the body during e"piration. As a result of gas
e"change> the blood in 5most$ arteries tends to be 59$.................. while the blood in 5most$ veins is
5:$ ...................