Math 1431

Section 13194 9 10 MWF

Section 13201 12 1 MWF

Pam Balthazar
pamb@math.uh.edu
620 PGH

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-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
4e5ie,# f (6" is defined for ) 2 7 6 7 +.
ns,er each as 1rue or 8alse.

a.
( )
lim f x

=
6 2
0 b.
( )
lim f x
6 *
does not e6ist

c.
( )
lim f x
+

=
6 0
2

d.
( )
lim f x

=
6 2
*

e.
( )
lim f x

=
6 0
*

f.
( )
lim f x

=
6 0
0

$.
( )
lim f x

=
6 *
0

8ind the lar$est that 9,or/s: for the $i5en ; 0.+ ,ith

lim

=
6 0
+6 20
















<imits that 8ail to =6ist

(. Beha5ior differs from the left and ri$ht.





2. >nbounded beha5ior.





*. Oscillatin$ beha5ior.



!ection 2.*
'ore on <imits


>ni2ueness of a <imit


?f
( )
lim f

=
6 c
6 < and
( )
lim f

=
6 c
6 '

then < ; '.















1he <imit of the !um@..



?f

( )
lim f

=
6 c
6 < and
( )
lim g

=
6 c
6 '

then


( ) ( ) ( )
lim f g

+ = +
6 c
6 6 < '




is the sum of the limits
(pro5ided the limits e6ist".

1he <imit of the Aifference@..



?f

( )
lim f

=
6 c
6 < and
( )
lim g

=
6 c
6 '

then

( ) ( ) ( )
lim f g

=
6 c
6 6 < '




is the difference of the limits
(pro5ided the limits e6ist".


1he <imit of the Product@..



?f


( )
lim f

=
6 c
6 < and
( )
lim g

=
6 c
6 '

then


( ) ( ) ( )
lim f g

=
6 c
6 6 <'



is the product of the limits
(pro5ided the limits e6ist".


1he <imit of the Buotients@..


?f


( )
lim f

=
6 c
6 < and
( )
lim g

=
6 c
6 '

and ' 0

then


( )
( )
f
lim
g

=
6 c
6
<
6 '



is the 2uotient of the limits
(pro5ided the limits e6ist".

'ore on Buotients@.


?f

( )
lim f

=
6 c
6 < and
( )
lim g

=
6 c
6 '

and

< 0 and ' ; 0C

then

( )
( )
f
lim
g
6 c
6
does not e6ist
6





Graph f (6" ; *.



( )
lim f lim

= =
6 + 6 +
6 *

%hat about 6 ; (3D

%hat about an& real 5alue for 6D



lim

=
6 c
a aC

,here a and c are constants.





Graph f (6" ; 6.





%hat is
( )
lim f lim

= =
6 + 6 +
6 6

%hat about 6 ; (3D

%hat about an& real 5alue for 6D

lim

=
6 c
6 cC

,here c is a constant.

%hich ta/es us to@.
%hat is a Pol&nomial 8unctionD

n&thin$ of the form

( )
f

= + + + +
n n (
n n ( ( 0
6 a 6 a 6 a 6 a E

,here 9a: is real number and the e6ponent is an inte$er
$reater than or e2ual to 0.

8or =6ample#
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
f
g
h
j
k
= +
= +
=
= +
=
*
2
F
0
6 26 6 (
(
6 F6 *6
2
6 66 *
t 3t 6t (
t 3t

%hat is a 4ational 8unctionD


4ational 8unction ?s a Buotient of Pol&nomials.

8or =6ample#

( )
( )
( )
f
r
G
+ +
=
+

+
=

*
2
3
3 2
26 26 +
6
*6 (
2
6
26 +
5 25 (
5
G5 +5 F







Pol&nomials

and

4ational 8unctions

are

!umsC Products and Buotients

of

!calars and x.








1heorem#

<et p(6" be a pol&nomial and let 9a:
be a real number. 1hen

( ) ( )
lim p p

=
6 a
6 a


Plu$ it inC plu$ it inC and see ,hat happens.

( )
lim

+ + =
0 2
6 2
+6 *6 6







!oC ho, do ,e e5aluate

( )
( )
p
lim
q
6 c
6
6
,here p(6" and q(6" are pol&nomialsD



Plu$ it inC plu$ it inC and see ,hat happens.

Get a numberC &ou are done.

Get somethin$ o5er zeroC consider other thin$s.
















1heorem#

<et p(6" and q(6" be pol&nomials
and let 9a: be a real number.

1hen

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
p
q
p
q lim
q
p q

6 a
a
if a 0
6
a
6
undefined if a 0 and a 0



?f p(a" ; q(a" ; 0C more ,or/ is re2uired to determine the limit.






lim

+
+
*
2
6 2
26 6 (
*6 (











lim

+
*
2
6 (
6 (
6 6 2










lim

+
6 *
6 *
6 0






lim

6 0
6 + *
6 0













lim

+
*
2
6 (
6 (
6 6










lim

+
2
6 (
6 (
6 (





?f
( )
,
f
,

0t 3
t 2
t
t 2
G t 2
then
( )
lim f

=
t 2
t




























lim

+
6 0
( (
6 0 0
6

































!ection 2.0

Continuit&HHHHH

,hat is itD























function f is said to be continuous at a point c if

(" f ( c " is defined.

2"
( )
lim f
6 c
6 e6ists
(limit from the left e2uals the limit from the ri$ht"

*" f ( c " ;
( )
lim f
6 c
6


1his is the three step method to pro5e continuit&.