Weak Solutions

In mathematics, a weak solution (also called a generalized solution) to

an ordinary or partial differential equation is a function for which the
derivatives may not all exist but which is nonetheless deemed to satisfy the
equation in some precisely defined sense. There are many different
definitions of weak solution, appropriate for different classes of equations.
One of the most important is based on the notion of distributions.
Avoiding the language of distributions, one starts with a differential
equation and rewrites it in such a way that no derivatives of the solution of
the equation show up (the new form is called the weak formulation, and the
solutions to it are called weak solutions). Somewhat surprisingly, a
differential equation may have solutions which are not differentiable; and
the weak formulation allows one to find such solutions.
Weak solutions are important because a great many differential equations
encountered in modelling real world phenomena do not admit sufficiently
smooth solutions and then the only way of solving such equations is using
the weak formulation. Even in situations where an equation does have
differentiable solutions, it is often convenient to first prove the existence of
weak solutions and only later show that those solutions are in fact smooth
enough.
Solues fracas (Traduo feita com o google tradutor)

Em matemtica, uma soluo fraca (tambm chamado de uma soluo
generalizada) para uma equao diferencial ordinria ou parcial uma
funo para a qual no podem existir todas as derivadas, mas que, no
entanto satisfaz a equao em algum sentido definido previamente
definido. H muitas definies diferentes de soluo fraca, apropriados
para diferentes classes de equaes. Um dos mais importantes baseado na
noo de distribuies.
Evitando a lngua de distribuies, comea-se com uma equao diferencial
e reescreve-lo de tal forma que no h derivados da soluo da equao
acima mostram (a nova forma chamada a formulao fraca, e as solues
para ele so chamadas solues fracas). Surpreendentemente, uma equao
diferencial pode ter solues que no so diferenciveis; e a formulao
fraca permite encontrar tais solues.
Solues fracas so importantes porque um grande nmero de equaes
diferenciais encontrados na modelagem de fenmenos do mundo real no
admitem solues suficientemente suaves e ento a nica forma de resolver
tais equaes est usando a formulao fraca. Mesmo em situaes em que
uma equao faz ter solues diferenciveis, muitas vezes conveniente
primeiro provar a existncia de solues fracas e s mais tarde mostram
que essas solues so, na verdade bom o suficiente.