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Reminder: Please use the email listed in the course

syllabus if youd like to email me. !
Shadmani Amin = lab coordinator. Please email your lab
TAs first about lab issues.
Mastering Chemistry Homework:
Assignment 2 closes on Monday (9-8-2014) at 11:00PM.
The Adaptive follow-up closes 2 days after that.
A tutorial assignment was posted to help with learning
number and unit input etc..
Today:
Detailed outline of online homework grading
Dimensional Analysis and problem solving
Several hand worked examples !
The mole and a magic trick
Lecture 9-3-2014
CHMY 141: Dr. Andy Frame
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Mastering Chemistry Grading
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Mastering Chemistry Grading
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Scoring in Mastering Chemistry.com
In Summary:
For Problems that have an infinite possible entry,
you may try it as many times as you wish, until the
due date, or you give up.
For Multiple Choice problems (or similar), a
deduction will be removed
You may rework problems after the assignment
closes for no points. But a great assessment tool.
You may always use hints, without it changing your
points earned.
No credit is given for late assignments.
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Grades in Mastering Chemistry.com
Keep track of your total points earned (vs. total
points possible, if you want to calculate a %)
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John Smith
Current % =
Current Points Earned
Total Points Possible
x100
Current % =
22.7+ 4.8
24+5
x100 = 94.8%
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Problem-Solving Strategy
Identify the starting point (the given information, and the given UNIT)
and sort out information given in the problem.
Identify the endpoint (what we must find, and the desired UNIT).
What is the problem asking you to solve for? What units does the
answer need?
Devise a way to use the given information to get the answer.
Solve:
Most chemistry problems you will solve in this course are unit
conversion problems.
Using UNITS as a guide to solving problems
(dimensional analysis)
Units should always be included in calculations; they are
multiplied, divided, and canceled like any other algebraic
quantity.
Check whether the numerical value and its units make sense.
Examples 2.3 2.7 go through this very well.
More examples coming up !
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Metric to Metric Conversions
How many millimeters are in 15.7 cm?
Two ways:
1. Convert to common unit meters.
15.7 cm x = 0.157 m

0.157 m x = 157 mm

2. Refer to prefix definitions: 10 mm = 1 cm
15.7 cm x = 157 mm
cm
m
100
1
m
mm
1
1000
10 mm
1 cm
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Metric-English Conversions
Convert 2.000 m to inches. (1 in = 2.54 cm)


2.000 m x = 78.74 inches
cm 54 . 2
inch 1
x
m 1
cm 100
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Dimensional Analysis with Sig Figs
Convert 427 in
3
to L (1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 cm
3
= 1mL)
427 in
3


=

427 x (2.54)
3
/1000 = 6.997 L
Round to 3 sig figs, 7.00 L

2.54 cm
1 in
!
"
#
$
%
&
3
1 mL
1 cm
3
!
"
#
$
%
&
1 L
1000 mL
!
"
#
$
%
&
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More Examples
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What is a Mole?
A mole is a scientists bakers dozen.
When we count large numbers of objects, we often
use units such as
1 dozen objects = 12 objects;
1 dozen doughnuts = 12 doughnuts
A mole (mol) of anything contains 6.02214 ! 10
23
pieces.
Examples:
1 mol of marbles corresponds to 6.02214 ! 10
23

marbles.
1 mol of doughnuts corresponds to 6.02214 ! 10
23

doughnuts.
This number is Avogadros number (N
a
) = 6.02214 x 10
23
.
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The Mole
The current fundamental definition of a mole:

The value of the mole is equal to the number
of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure C-12.

12 g C = 1 mol C atoms = 6.022 ! 10
23
C atoms
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The Mole - Avogadros number
Definition: 6.022 x 10
23
particles or units
Just a Number!
We could call it: A big super awesomesauce number

There are 6.022 x 10
23
atoms in 1 mole of any element
There are 6.022 x 10
23
_____ in 1 mole of __________

1 amu (atomic mass unit) = 1/12
th
of a Carbon-12 atom
1
12
C atom weighs exactly 12 amu
1 mole of
12
C atoms weighs exactly 12 grams
anything things
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One-mole Amounts
A volunteer for a magic trick 5 2 tall (1.58 m)
6.022 x 10
23
grains of sand (0.1 mm diameter)

1 mole of sand grains would cover the entire state of Montana
in 5 feet 2 inches of sand !!!
Area of MT =
147,042.4 mi
2
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One-mole Amounts
6.022 x 10
23
pieces of paper (0.004 inches thick)

Earth
Earth (1.496 x 10
8
km : 8.32 light minutes from the Sun)
FYI: it took astronauts 3 days to reach our moon in 1969 at 24,500 MPH.
Neptune (4.501 x 10
9
km : 4.17 light hours from the Sun).
FYI: Voyager 2 took Twelve years to reach Neptune (1977-1989) at 42,000 MPH.
6.022 x 10
23
pieces of paper would stack to Neptune...
13.6 million times!
Neptune
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