***NEG-China Disadvantage***

***NEG-China Disadvantage*** ................................................................................................................. 1

China Disadvantage- Uniqueness- China/Cuba Coop .................................................................................. 2
China Disadvantage- Relations high now ..................................................................................................... 4
China Disadvantage- Uniqueness- China/US Coop ...................................................................................... 5
China Disadvantage- Uniqueness- Relations Low ........................................................................................ 8
China Disadvantage- Link-Generic .............................................................................................................. 9
China Disadvantage- Link-Backlash .......................................................................................................... 10
China Disadvantage- Brink-Relations ........................................................................................................ 12
China Disadvantage- Impact Ext. ............................................................................................................... 16
China Disadvantage- Impact- Generic ........................................................................................................ 18
China Disadvantage- A2 Cyber Attack ....................................................................................................... 19
China Disadvantage- Impact Brink-Relations ............................................................................................ 20
China Disadvantage- A2 Snowden ............................................................................................................. 21
***AFF ANSWERS*** ............................................................................................................................. 23
AFF answers- China Disadvantage- No Coop ............................................................................................ 24
AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Relations Low ................................................................................... 25
AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Impact ............................................................................................... 27
AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Plan Key ............................................................................................ 28
AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Link ................................................................................................... 29
AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Alt Cause ........................................................................................... 30
China Disadvantage- Uniqueness- China/Cuba Coop

China already acts unilaterally with Cuba
China Daily, Chinese Daily Newspaper, 6-18-13 (Zhao Yanrong and Wu Jiao, "Cuban official's visit
expected to bolster links", www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2013-06/18/content_16631891.htm) CTL
"China-Cuba relations have entered a new stage of all-round development. We should promote mutually beneficial cooperation and cultural
and educational exchanges between the two countries," Li said. Diaz-Canel said Cuba has a traditional friendship with China, resulting in Beijing
being the first stop on his Asian trip. He said the trip will further enhance the good relations between the two countries and their
peoples. "Cuba attaches strategic importance to the relations with China, and we want to constantly enhance the cooperation with China
in many fields such as trade, culture, education and technology," he said. Liu Yuqin, a researcher of Latin American studies at the China Foundation for International
Studies and a former Chinese ambassador to Cuba, Ecuador and Chile, said more high-level contact is good for both countries. President Xi Jinping visited Cuba in
2011 when he was vice-president, while Cuban President Raul Castro visited Beijing in 2012. Liu said economic cooperation between China and Cuba has been very
close. China is Cuba's second-largest trading partner, while Cuba is the largest trade partner for China among all
Caribbean countries.


China/Latin American relations are improving now
Xinhuanet 5/30/13
(Xinhuanet China-Latin America economic cooperation gains momentum: MOC Xinhuanet
5/30/13 http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-05/30/c_132420425.htm accessed
6/27/13 )

Economic and trade cooperation between China and Latin America has gained momentum and been
applied to more sectors, a spokesman for China's Ministry of Commerce (MOC) said on Thursday. Shen Danyang said the rapid trade growth has
benefited the economic development of both sides, and interdependent trade relations between
China and Latin America has been developed. China is the third-largest trade partner for Latin
America after the United States and the European Union. The two-way trade's volume reached
261.2 billion U.S. dollars in 2012, up 8.2 percent year on year, according to China's General
Administration of Customs.

China and Cuba relations are growing leaving U.S. out of ties
Xinhua 13
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90883/8289889.html , Chinese President meets Cuban VP on stronger ties, 6/19/13
Chinese President Xi Jinping on Tuesday met with Miguel Diaz-Canel, Cuban first vice-president of the councils of
state and ministers. Xi asked Diaz-Canel to convey his greetings to Cuban President Raul Castro and former leader
Fidel Castro. Xi reviewed the growth of China-Cuba relations since the two countries forged diplomatic relations in
1960, particularly the increasingly mature relations and robust cooperation since the beginning of the 21st
century.The Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese government cherish its friendship with Cuba. It
would like to maintain bilateral high-level exchange of visits, increase party-to-party exchange and experience
sharing on state governance, enhance political trust, deepen mutual understanding, expand pragmatic cooperation
and promote their own development and common prosperity, Xi said. China would like to work more closely with
Cuba on international and regional issues and promote fairness and justice of the international community, Xi said.
Xi said he witnessed vigor and potential of the Latin America and Caribbean region during his visit earlier this
month. China would like a good partnership with Latin American and Caribbean countries, featuring political trust,
economic cooperation and cultural mutual learning, Xi said. The Chinese leader called for stronger cooperation
between China and Latin America through a comprehensive cooperation mechanism with China-Latin American
Cooperation Forum at the core. China appreciates Cuba's efforts to promoting China-Latin America relations and
expects growth of relations during Cuba's role as the rotating chair of Community of Latin American and Caribbean
states. Diaz-Canel conveyed the greetings of Cuban President Raul Castro and former leader Fidel Castro to Xi.
Diaz-Canel said Cuba places great importance on building ties with China, pledging to enhance high-level visits and
communication, expand mutually-beneficial cooperation and seek growth of ties between the two countries and
relations between China and Latin America. Diaz-Canel will conclude his three-day China visit on Wednesday.


China Disadvantage- Relations high now

Latin American relations with China are already high
China.org 6/8/13
(China Xi's visit to Latin America enhances relations China.org 6/8/13
http://www.china.org.cn/opinion/2013-06/08/content_29068091.htm accessed 6/27/13 )

Burgeoning trade relations between China and Latin America is the major driving force for
improved ties between the two. China is now Latin America's second largest trading partner and
major investment source. It is also the largest trading partner of Brazil and Chile and second
largest trading partner of Argentina, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela. The value of trade between
China and Latin America exceeded US$250 billion by 2012, with Latin America becoming
China's second largest foreign investment destination.


US-China relations high now
Ching 09
Frank, Hong Kong-based journalist and commentator, http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-
bin/eo20091126fc.html, U.S.-China relations shifting, The Japan Times, 11/26/09.
Observers analyzing the visit of U.S. President Barack Obama to China, not unnaturally, looked for signs of a
shift in the world balance of power and they found them. For one thing, the American leader was noticeably
respectful of his Chinese hosts and did not attempt to lecture them, at least not in public and probably not in private
as well. And the Chinese side finally got what it had wanted for 30 years being treated as an equal by the
United States. Of course, the shift in the balance of power does not mean that China is going to replace the
U.S. as a global hegemon. It does mean, however, that China will play a much bigger role in world affairs. During
the Bush administration, Beijing was told that it had to learn to be a responsible stakeholder. Now, it is learning that
it has to pay a price for a bigger voice in world affairs the assumption of additional responsibilities. Power and
responsibility go together. A joint statement issued by the two countries shows the extent to which they now share a
common world view. They reviewed global issues from the Middle East to South Asia, from the global economic
recovery to climate change. Each acknowledged the right, indeed the responsibility, of the other to deal with global
issues. "The two sides noted that, at a time when the international environment is undergoing complex and profound
changes, the U.S. and China share a responsibility to cooperatively address regional and global security challenges,"
they said. In the joint statement, the U.S. "welcomes a strong, prosperous and successful China that plays a greater
role in world affairs," addressing China's concerns of American attempts to frustrate its rise. On its part, China
declared that it "welcomes the U.S. as an Asia-Pacific nation that contributes to peace, stability and
prosperity in the region," thus ameliorating American fears that a rising China would attempt to squeeze it
out of the region. In this emerging world order, both the U.S. and China will have to make adjustments.
Washington, known for its predilections for unilateralism, will have to pay greater heed to the interests of China and
other countries. And China will have to play a global leadership role to which it is unaccustomed. The late leader
Deng Xiaoping warned his successors to keep a low profile and never take the lead, and China largely hewed to this
course over the last two decades. But as the country has grown to become the world's third-largest economy soon
to become the second-largest after overtaking Japan it will have to come to terms with an unaccustomed new
role. In this new role, it will be difficult for China to be a follower in the international community, going along with
majority views. Indeed, China will have to moderate its oft-stated policy of noninterference in other countries'
internal affairs. This is implied in the joint statement, where the two countries agree that they "share increasingly
important common responsibilities of major issues concerning global stability and prosperity" and agree to
"work together to tackle challenges, and promote world peace, security and prosperity.

China Disadvantage- Uniqueness- China/US Coop

China and US cooperating in Latin America Now - Summits prove
Yi, staff writer for English News, China, 6-9-13 (Yang, Xi, Obama agree to maintain coordination on
hotspot issues in Asia-Pacific, xinhuanet, news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-
06/09/c_132443683.htm) CTL
He urged relevant parties to adopt a responsible attitude, stop provocation and return to talks as early as possible so as to properly solve the
issues. The two leaders also agreed to support regional economic integration in the Asia-Pacific, to promote regional
connectivity, and to enhance cooperation in multilateral regional frameworks, Yang said.The Xi-Obama summit and the preceding
three-nation tour in Latin America have shown that China is committed to the promotion of trans-Pacific
cooperation, said Yang, who previously served as China's foreign minister. "The summit meeting and the visits also demonstrate
China's willingness to work jointly with countries within or beyond the Asia-Pacific region to maintain peace and
stability and promote common development in the region, " Yang added. Xi left California for home Saturday afternoon after his
meeting with Obama. Before his U.S. trip, Xi visited Trinidad and Tobago, Costa Rica and Mexico.


Cooperation now Xi Jinping is willing to cooperate
Qingchuan, staff writer for World News, 5-31-13 (Yang, Commentary: Xi's Americas tour shows
balanced approach, innovative style, Accessed on Lexus Nexus,
http://www.lexisnexis.com.mutex.gmu.edu/hottopics/lnacademic/)

Xi Jinping's just-started journey to the west hemisphere will be his first tour to Latin America as Chinese president. Meanwhile, his
June 7-8 talks with his U.S. counterpart Barack Obama at Sunnylands estate, California, will also be the first summit
between the world's two largest economies after both countries underwent leadership transition. As many global observers
have noticed, Xi's visit is unprecedented in its itinerary and other arrangements for a Chinese head of state, which evince a balanced approach
toward both developing and developed nations, as well as an innovative diplomacy style of the new Chinese leadership. Instead of competing with other
world powers for the so-called "spheres of influence," Beijing is seeking pragmatic cooperation for mutual benefit
when building rapport with Latin American countries, which is conducive to the region's social stability and economic growth.


China, US, and Latin America begin to work together
Shifter, President of Inter-American Dialouge, 13, [Michael, "China and Latin America", Inter-
American Dialouge, Not Specified, AAH] http://www.americasquarterly.org/content/latin-america-goes-
global-0

The Dialogues China and Latin America program engages and informs academics, policy makers, and private sector leaders from China, Latin America, and the
United States on evolving themes in China-Latin America relations. We seek to determine areas of interest, identify shared priorities, and establish various means by
which emerging relationships can be made productive for all countries involved. Since 2004, and President Hu Jintao's historic visit to the region, Chinas
interactions in Latin America have expanded far beyond initial Taiwan-related diplomatic
engagement. Chinas political and trade-based ties with Latin America have flourished over the
past decade, producing substantial economic benefits for China and its principal trade partners in Latin
America. Over the past few years, however, China has moved beyond initial trade-based contact toward more complex diplomatic, cultural, and investment-
related interactions. As a result, a number of new themes and questions are emerging. Chinese and Latin American governments have
yet to satisfactorily understand one another's interests or to fully determine the implications of
increasingly complex Sino-Latin American relationships. Nor have Latin American countries taken full advantage of the range of
opportunities emerging from enhanced relations with China. Our working group, program events, and publications aim to address
perceived challenges by forging the basis for constructive, mutually beneficial relations between
China, Latin America, and the United States over the long term.

China and US are successfully working towards a peaceful future
Lawrence, Specialist in Asian Affairs, 2013, [Susan V, "U.S.-China Relations: Policy Issues",
Congressional Research Services, 6-14, AAH] http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R41108.pdf

Other economic concerns for the United States include Chinas indigenous innovation industrial
policies, its weak protections for intellectual property rights, and its currency policy. The United States
has differed with China over approaches to combating climate change, while cooperating with
China in the development of clean energy technologies. Human rights remains one of the thorniest
areas of the relationship, with the United States pressing China to ease restrictions on freedom of speech,
internet freedom, religious and ethnic minorities, and labor rights, and Chinas leaders suspicious that the
United States real goal is to end Communist Party rule. Hanging over the relationship is the larger
question of whether, as China grows in economic and military power, the United States and China can
manage their relationship in such a way as to avoid debilitating rivalry and conflict that have
accompanied the rise of new powers in previous eras. On a visit to the United States in February 2012, Xi
Jinping, who became Chinas top leader later in the year, proposed that the two countries establish
a new type of great power relationship that explicitly seeks to avoid conflict. President Obama has
accepted the challenge. He described a June 7-8, 2013, summit with Xi in Rancho Mirage, CA, as an
opportunity for conversations about how we can forge a new model of cooperation between
countries based on mutual interest and mutual respect.1 Some principles for this new model
U.S.-China relationship are already in place. The Obama Administration has repeatedly assured China
that it welcomes a strong, prosperous and successful China that plays a greater role in world affairs, and
China has stated that it welcomes the United States as an Asia-Pacific nation that contributes to peace,
stability, and prosperity in the region.2 But the new model remains a work in progress, with many
observers in both Washington and Beijing noting deep mistrust on both sides of the U.S.-China
relationship. China has been keen to promote what it calls a new type of great power relations with the
United States. In the words of Chinas President Xi, China and the United States must find a new path
one that is different from the inevitable confrontation and conflict between the major countries of the past.
And that is to say the two sides must work together to build a new model of major country relationship
based on mutual respect and win-win cooperation.22The Obama Administration has accepted the premise
of the need to forge a new kind of relationship with China. As noted above, President Obama embraced
the idea explicitly in June 2013, when he stated that he saw his summit meeting with President Xi as an
opportunity to discuss how we can forge a new model of cooperation between countries based on mutual
interest and mutual respect.23 Statements from the Chinese side have made clear, however, just how
challenging it could be to build such a new kind of relationship.
The U.S. Ambassador to China Gary Locke, a former Secretary of Commerce, has worked hard to
overcome that impression, explicitly stating that, America welcomes Chinese investment, and noting
at investment seminars around China that only a small handful of Chinese investments are reviewed on
national security grounds each year.137 According to the Heritage Foundation, which maintains a running
count of Chinese firms troubled transactions overseas as part of a project tracking global Chinese
overseas investment, 2 of 16 failed Chinese overseas transactions worldwide in 2012 involved the United
States. In 2011, the count was 1 out of 19.138


United States/China Relations improving now
CNN NEWS 6/93/13
(CNN Despite tensions, U.S., Chinese leaders talk of forging 'new model' in relations 6/9/13
http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/07/politics/us-china-summit-cyber-spying/ Accessed 6/27/13 )
Even after months of tensions over alleged cyberattacks, the leaders of China and the United
States struck positive tones in a two-day summit that ended Saturday in the sweltering heat of the
California desert as both talked of forging a "new model" for their relations going forward.
"We're meeting here today to chart the future of China-U.S. relations," Chinese President Xi
Jinping said. "...We need to think creatively and act energetically so that working together we
can build a new model of major country relationship." The summit at the Annenberg Retreat at
Sunnylands, just outside Palm Springs, comes less than three months after Xi rose to his current
post. Both he and U.S. President Barack Obama pointed out their meeting is happening sooner
than some expected, a testament they said to both men's recognition of the importance of solid
relations between the two countries. And both heads of state, who met last year in Washington
when Xi was China's vice president, spoke of pursuing policies that furthers their nation's
respective interests. From Obama's perspective -- even taking into account "healthy economic
competition" between the two powers -- that means seeing China continue to grow. "It is in the
United States' interest that China continues on the path of success, because we believe that a
peaceful and stable and prosperous china is not only good for Chinese but also good for the
world and for the United States," he said. The U.S. president did allude to the fact "areas of
tensions" are inevitable, highlighted his nation's commitment to human rights, and its support for
"an international economic order where nations are playing by the same rules." "And ... the
United States and China (can) work together to address issues like cybersecurity and the
protection of intellectual property," he added.




China and the United States are cooperating now on clean energy
Zhao Research Assistant for IFFE 6/20/13
(Yingzhen Why Is China Investing So Much in U.S. Solar and Wind? Insights 6/20/13
http://insights.wri.org/news/2013/06/why-china-investing-so-much-us-solar-and-wind accessed
6/27/13 )
The worlds two largest greenhouse gas emittersthe United States and Chinahave been forging a growing bond in
combating climate change. Just last week, President Obama and President Xi made a landmark agreement
to work towards reducing hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), a potent greenhouse gas. And both the United States and China are
leading global investment and development of clean energy. The United States invested $30.4
billion and added 16.9 GW of wind and solar capacity in 2012. China invested $58.4 billion and
added 19.2 GW in capacity. U.S.-China cooperation on clean energy was the topic of discussion at an event last week at the Woodrow Wilson
International Centers China Environment Forum. Experts from the World Resources Institute and the American
Council on Renewable Energy (ACORE) looked at this cooperation from a seldom-discussed
viewpoint Chinas renewable energy investments in the United States.




China Disadvantage- Uniqueness- Relations Low

China U.S. relations bad- Snowden
Bruce, staff writer, 6-24-13 (Mary, Hong Kongs Deliberate Choice to Release Snowden Damages
US-China Relationship, White House Says, ABC NEWSabcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2013/06/hong-
kongs-deliberate-choice-to-release-snowden-damages-us-china-relationship-white-house-says/) CTL

Hong Kong authorities made a deliberate choice to release fugitive NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden and have damaged U.S.-
Chinese relations as a result, White House Press Secretary Jay Carney said today. We are just not buying that this was a technical decision by a
Hong Kong immigration official, Carney told reporters at the daily briefing. This was a deliberate choice by the government to release a fugitive
despite a valid arrest warrant, and that decision unquestionably has a negative impact on the U.S.-China relationship. Carney
would not, however, speculate about the repercussions for U.S.-China relations. The Chinese have emphasized the importance of building mutual trust and we
think that they have dealt that effort a serious setback, Carney said. If we cannot count on them to honor their legal extradition obligations, then there is a problem.
And that is a point we are making to them very directly.


China Disadvantage- Link-Generic

American relations with China are better than ever but the plan would cause us to lose
what little we have
Lawrence, Specialist in Asian Affairs, 2013, [Susan V, "U.S.-China Relations: Policy Issues",
Congressional Research Services, 6-14, AAH] http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R41108.pdf

Congress faces important questions about what sort of relationship the United States should have with China and how the United States should respond to Chinas
rise. After 30 years of fast- paced economic growth, Chinas economy is now the second-largest in the world after the United States. With economic success, China
has developed significant global strategic clout. It is also engaged in an ambitious military modernization drive, including development of extended-range power
projection capabilities and such advanced weapons as a carrier killer anti-ship ballistic missile (ASBM). At home, it continues to suppress all perceived challenges
to the Communist Partys monopoly on power. In previous eras, the rise of new powers has often produced conflict. President Obama and Chinas leader Xi Jinping
have embraced the challenge of establishing a new style great power relationship that avoids such an outcome. The Obama Administration has
repeatedly assured China that the United States welcomes a strong, prosperous and successful
China that plays a greater role in world affairs, and that the United States does not seek to prevent
Chinas re- emergence as a great power. Washington has wrestled, however, with how to engage China on issues affecting stability and
security in the Asia-Pacific region. Issues of concern for Washington include the intentions behind Chinas military modernization program, Chinas use of its
paramilitary forces and military in disputes with its neighbors over territorial claims in the South China Sea and East China Sea, and its continuing threat to use force
to bring Taiwan under its control. With U.S.-China military-to-military ties fragile, Washington has struggled to
convince Beijing that the U.S. policy of rebalancing toward the Asia Pacific is not intended to
contain China. The two countries have cooperated, with mixed results, to address nuclear proliferation concerns related to Iran and North Korea.
While working with China to revive the global economy, the United States has also wrestled with how to persuade China to address economic policies and activities
the United States sees as denying a level playing field to U.S. firms trading with and operating in China. At the top of the U.S. agenda is commercial
cyber espionage that the U.S. government says appears to be directly attributable to the Chinese
government and military.


China Disadvantage- Link-Backlash


US and China effectively cooperating, plan pits the two counties against eachother
Haibin, Niu Haibin is a Research Fellow at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, 6-23, ["Niu,
"Latin America's Rising Status in teh Sino-US Relationship", China US Focus, 6-23-13, AAH]
http://www.chinausfocus.com/foreign-policy/latin-americas-rising-status-in-the-sino-us-relationship/

One interesting thing for international observers recently is that Latin America and the Caribbean has become a common
foreign priority for both the newly established administrations in the US and China. Both President Xi and President Obama made an
overlapping trip to Latin America with an economic agenda. Both countries vice presidents also made visits to several South American countries. The Brazilian
President Dilma Rousseff was invited to make a state visit that will be the only one for the White House this year. The other impressive achievement is a $300 billion
bilateral currency swap agreement signed by Brazil and China during President Xis attendance at the Fifth BRICS Summit in March. Furthermore, a forum on Latin
America has been established at the Boao Forum for Asia this year. Considering the daunting challenges facing both China and the U.S. in other regions their newly
found interest in Latin America is impressive, but the reasons and context behind this interest is different. For the Obama administration's
second term, it is a major policy adjustment rather than a policy continuation to focus on Latin
America. Since 9/11, counter-terrorism efforts, the international financial crisis, and the pivot to Asia have occupied the majority of the U.S. foreign policy
agenda. Subsequently, Latin America has been an overlooked region for more than a decade. The Obama administrations first term
tried to improve its relationship with the region, but faced setbacks because of its policies on Cuba,
immigration and anti-drug issues. Instead, the regional approach must be shifted to a bilateral,
country-by-country approach. There Obama administrations policy shift in Latin America can be
explained by two factors: the rediscovered importance of Latin America to the United States
economic recovery and Latin Americas position as a promising region could allow US engagement to make visible
achievements. First, in the 2012 presidential debates, Republican candidate Mitt Romney criticized Obama's Latin American policy and treated the Latin American
economy as an alternative to China, arguing to strengthen US trade with the region. This argument obviously had an impact on Obamas second term agenda and
Latin American policy. Second, following the same logic of its pivot to the Asia Pacific, Latin America is a stable and promising
region the U.S. cant afford to overlook. Achievements in US relations with Latin America will also help Democrats win future presidential
elections considering the increasing influence of Latinos in domestic politics. In regards to President Xis Latin American policy, it is more a continuation than an
adjustment of policy. In the past decade, the Sino-Latin American relationship has witnessed a golden
period of development. China is the second largest trading partner for Latin America; its demand for raw materials and primary products has both
improved Latin American countries terms of trade and contributed to the regions better performance in dealing with the recent international financial crisis.
Additionally, President Xi has worked to deepen the ties by addressing potential challenges, strengthening this promising relationship. China raised its strategic
partnerships with Peru and Mexico to comprehensive strategic ones. Mutual investment, financial cooperation and open trade are being paid more attention from the
Chinese side. One aim of Chinas recent diplomacy is to establish a Sino-Latin American Dialogue Forum, which has received positive supports from Brazil, Mexico,
and other countries within the region. Now, it is necessary to understand how this strengthening interest by the US
and China in Latin America could impact the Sino-US relationship as well as Latin America as a
whole. From a geopolitical perspective, both sides have some arguments to dilute each others influence globally. However, policy influence of such arguments is
very limited. It is natural for both world powers diplomatic agendas to intersect. One noteworthy argument from Chinese side is that China should enhance its
engagement with regions outside of Asia as the US pivot to the Asia Pacific attempts to contain China. This argument should be interpreted to explore the diplomatic
space available for China as a global power rather than to counter US hegemony. Also, China needs to understand the recent intensive American engagement with
Latin America by following the same logic. In fact, both countries demonstrated their pragmatic spirit and economic-oriented approach during their recent
engagements with Latin America. The most cited achievement about President Xi's visit to Mexico was that China agreed to resume imports of Mexican pork and to
import tequila. Similar review was also given to President Obamas visit to Mexico by arguing the trip was to focus on economic cooperation rather than drug issues.
This is a good posture considering that no Latin American country wants to choose side between the US and China.
Ultimately, Latin American countries benefit from cooperation with the worlds two largest markets. Although both countries are trying to avoid geopolitical
competition, it is important to manage their interaction in Latin America. At the bilateral level, the United States and China have
held several strategic dialogues on Latin American affairs since 2006. The purpose of the dialogue is
to enhance mutual trust and prevent miscalculations by interpreting their engagements with Latin
America. This continual dialogue can help interpret why the US government holds a positive attitude to Chinas increasing ties with Latin America despite some
very conservative and suspicious attitudes in the US. The US has showed its support to both Chinas permanent observer status in the Organization of American States
and Chinas membership at the Inter-American Development Bank. To build a more positive and constructive interaction
among the US, China and Latin America, the key is to hold a mutually beneficial and win-win
attitude to the trilateral relationship. First, to respect the growing independence of Latin America per se is important for both the US and
China in furthering their engagement with the region. Second, both the US and China should build a development
partnership to address Latin Americas sustainable development concerns. In doing so, the region
has more chances to see a more hopeful future.




China Disadvantage- Brink-Relations
US, China relations on the Brink - Cybersecurity threatens Americans ability to cooperate
in Latin America
The Econimist 6-8-13 (Here we go again, President Xi Jinping shows interest in reviving ties with
America. How far is he prepared to go?, The Economist, www.economist.com/news/china/21579043-
president-xi-jinping-shows-interest-reviving-ties-america-how-far-he-prepared) CTL

AFTER his historic meeting with Mao Zedong in 1972, Richard Nixon wrote in his diary of what he called probably the most moving moment
of the hour-long encounter: the chairman clasping the American leaders hand for about a minute as they sat talking. Such sparks of personal
chemistry are what Chinas new president, Xi Jinping, and Barack Obama may be hoping to recreate during an informal summit on June 7th and
8th. As The Economist went to press Mr Xi was winding up a week-long visit to Latin America and the Caribbean (see article) before heading
on to meet Mr Obama at Sunnylands, an estate in the desert town of Rancho Mirage, California, that once belonged to Walter Annenberg, a
publisher. Never before has such a prolonged informal encounter between the two countries leaders been scheduled (dress code: no neckties).
Its rarity and its timing so early in Mr Xis presidency suggest a recognition by both countries that their relationship badly needs new zest.
Relations have become increasingly strained by American allegations of Chinese government involvement in the
widespread hacking of American computer systems (see article) and signs of greater assertiveness by China in its maritime disputes
with American allies in the western Pacific. China is worried by Americas security pivot towards Asia. American
officials are encouraged, however, by Mr Xis willingness to engage in such freewheeling diplomacy. His
predecessor, Hu Jintao, shunned it, preferring to stick to formal agendas. Before Mr Hu, Jiang Zemin pressed for, and
eventually secured, an informal summit with George W. Bush at his ranch in Crawford, Texas. But that meeting in 2002 was much briefer, and
Mr Jiang was just days away from stepping down. For the newly installed Mr Xi, the decision to engage in unscripted
discussions spread over two days shows unusual confidence in his political grip and his mastery of a vital and highly
complex area of foreign policy.


China Disadvantage- Impact- NW

Improving US-China relations - decreases chance of nuclear war
Wittner 11
Dr. Lawrence Wittner is Professor of History emeritus at SUNY/Albany,
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lawrence-wittner/nuclear-war-china_b_1116556.html , Is a Nuclear War
With China Possible?, Huffingtonpost, 11/30/11
But what would that "victory" entail? An attack with these Chinese nuclear weapons would immediately
slaughter at least 10 million Americans in a great storm of blast and fire, while leaving many more dying
horribly of sickness and radiation poisoning. The Chinese death toll in a nuclear war would be far higher.
Both nations would be reduced to smoldering, radioactive wastelands. Also, radioactive debris sent aloft
by the nuclear explosions would blot out the sun and bring on a "nuclear winter" around the globe --
destroying agriculture, creating worldwide famine, and generating chaos and destruction. Moreover, in
another decade the extent of this catastrophe would be far worse. The Chinese government is currently
expanding its nuclear arsenal, and by the year 2020 it is expectedto more than double its number of
nuclear weapons that can hit the United States. The U.S. government, in turn, has plans to spend hundreds
of billions of dollars "modernizing" its nuclear weapons and nuclear production facilities over the next
decade. To avert the enormous disaster of a U.S.-China nuclear war, there are two obvious actions that
can be taken. The first is to get rid of nuclear weapons, as the nuclear powers have agreed to do but thus
far have resisted doing. The second, conducted while the nuclear disarmament process is occurring, is to
improve U.S.-China relations. If the American and Chinese people are interested in ensuring their
survival and that of the world, they should be working to encourage these policies.


China Disadvantage- Impact- Everything

China-US relations key to solving for all impacts econ, climate, prolif, terror, etc.
Cohen, McGiffert and Greenberg 09
(CSIS) William, former US secretary of defense and US senator, chairman and CEO of The Cohen
Group, CSIS Trustee, Carola, Senior fellow and director of CSIS smart power initiative, Maurice,
Chairman and CEO of CV Starr & Co. inc, and former chairman of AIG,
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=8IFCpV3PSfwC&oi=fnd&pg=PR4&dq=US+china+relati
ons+key+to+preventing+war&ots=HcAEGnP-
o_&sig=OXAc7xzDe4LzrO3R7VXdEoVBT_0#v=onepage&q&f=false ,Smart power in United States-
China Relations pg. 1, 2009.
The evolution of Sino-US relations over the next months, years and decades has the potential to have a
greater impact on global security and prosperity than any other bilateral or multilateral arrangement. In
this sense, many analysts consider the US-China diplomatic relationship to be the most influential in the
world. Without a question, strong and stable US alliances provide for the protection and promotion of US
and global interests. Yet, within that broad framework, the trajectory of US-China relations will
determine the success, or failure or effort to address the toughest global challenges: global financial
stability, energy security and climate change, nonproliferation, and terrorism, among other pressing
issues. Shepherding that trajectory in the most constructive direction possible must therefore be a priority
for Washington and Beijing. Virtually no major global challenge can be met without US-China
cooperation



China Disadvantage- Impact- Econ

US-China cooperation has positive effects on global economy
Garrett 12
Dr. Banning Garrett is director of both the Asia Program and the Strategic Foresight Initiative at the
Atlantic Council, http://www.acus.org/new_atlanticist/where-next-us-china-relations , Where next for
US-China relations?, 2/23/12.
Xis personality and background may lead him to gently move policy, when possible, toward greater
reform and openness and a more cooperative foreign policy-at least that is the hope of many Chinese
intellectuals. If Xi and the Fifth Generation do move policy in this directionand if the US understands
and responds to reinforce such movesthen presumably this will be positive for US-China relations.
Some Chinese fear Xi and his cohorts may rely more on the military and hardline nationalists in foreign
policy and further strengthen state capitalism and protections, which would presumably lead to more
tension in Chinas relations with the US and its neighbors. In my view, however, the future of the US-
China relationship is likely to be less determined by leadership changes and more by the larger context of
the relationship and the response of Chinese and American leaders to that context in their global,
domestic and bilateral policies. Over the next ten years that Xi may be in power, the changing global
context will include many great challenges and threats that require global and bilateral cooperation,
including the impact of climate change; food, water and other resource scarcities; continued upheaval in
weak and failing states; the great disruptive challenges posed by demographic changes, including
population growth, aging societies and youth bulges, and rapid urbanization; and the usual list of
terrorism, proliferation, international crime, and potential pandemics. Affected by and affecting all of the
above will be the future of the global economy and the need for the US and China to cooperate to
maintain and rebalance economic growth, as well as to prevent or minimize future destabilizing events
like the 2008 financial crisis. Top Chinese and American leaders recognize that they are in the same
strategic boat and that if they do not cooperate on these issues, both countries and the rest of the world
will suffer severe economic, political, environmental and security consequences. The question is whether
leaders of the two countries can overcome domestic politics, special interests, and the pressure of near-
term decision making focused on tactical differences and disputes rather than on common strategic
challenges.

China Disadvantage- Impact Ext.

The US- China relations are growing but the plan escalates tensions that lead to GNW
Ikenson, 1-29, [Daniel, "Reading the Tea Leaves on U.S.-China Economic Relations", Cato Institute, 1-
29-13, AAH] http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/reading-tea-leaves-us-china-economic-
relations?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+

The claim that the U.S.-China relationship will be the 21st centurys most important has become a clich
repeated at policy gatherings in Washington and Beijing. It also happens to be the truth. For better or worse, the trajectory of that relationship will be
established firmly before the next U.S. president takes the oath of office. If one were to predict the nature of the bilateral relationship over the next few decades by
extrapolating from trends during any six-year period between 1978 and 2006, expectations would be quite positive. Despite occasional frictions, the relationship bore
fruit for people in both countries and the broader geopolitical and philosophical differences between the U.S. and Chinese governments were, to a large extent,
quarantined from infecting mutually beneficial economic relations. That appears to be no longer the case. Although the massive economic relationship which
reached a record half trillion dollars of trade andinvestment flows in 2012 is still mutually beneficial, the future of U.S.-China relations based on developments
over the most recent six years appears more problematic. Today, it seems, most bilateral economic frictions are magnified through the prism of those geopolitical and
philosophical differences, making controversies seem larger and more intractable. In general, policymakers had been mostly welcoming of Chinas growth until things
started to change in the second half of the second term of the George W. Bush presidency. When Democrats regained control of Congress in January 2007, the
emphasis of U.S. trade policy shifted from liberalization and accommodation to enforcement and prosecution. Skepticism over trade, its benefits, and the intentions of
certain U.S. trade partners China, in particular animated the new congressional trade agenda. The Great Recession and the election of
Barack Obama accelerated reevaluation of the U.S.-China relationship, which was rapidly swept into the emerging
narrative of American decline. In 2009, as the United States was crawling out of recession at very low rates of growth, experiencing high unemployment, heavily
indebted, and stricken by uncertainty about the future, opinion leaders observed Chinas continued near-double digit annualeconomic growth rates and asked two
questions: Where did we go wrong? What did China get right? The answers that most resonated were that the United States had been too permissive of Chinas rise
and that it was time for a tougher policy tack, and that the secrets of Chinas success were five-year plans and other elements of state-directed capitalism. A future in
which both countries are fully committed to engagement looks very different from one where containment of China has become a more prominent policy objective.
The confluence of media hyperventilation over Chinas inexorable rise to global preeminence and U.S. politicians habits of scapegoating China for their own failures
spawned a popular impression of China as an adversary in a zero sum game. In that game, exports are considered Team Americas points, imports are Team Chinas
points, and the trade account is the scoreboard. Since the scoreboard showed a deficit, the United States was portrayed as losing at trade and it was losing because
China perpetually cheats. Currency manipulation, subsidization of industry, dumping, intellectual property theft, discrimination against imports, forced technology
transfer, indigenous innovation policies, raw material export restrictions, and other allegations of cheating came to define Chinese trade practices. Of course, some of
the allegations had merit. Buoying these claims was a report published by the American Chamber of Commerce in China an organization of American
multinational corporations that had for years counseled the U.S. government against taking provocative actions that might frustrate the economic relationship. The
report identified questionable and possibly illegal Chinese policies intended to thrust China to preeminence in a variety of industries and documented how Chinas
market reforms had been abandoned in 2002 and a subsequent re-embrace of state planning, support for state-owned enterprises, and official discrimination against
imports and foreign companies operating in China had begun in 2003. Meanwhile, on the home front, the U.S. government seemed to be taking a page right out of the
same Chinese playbook it had so frequently criticized. That may come as a surprise to some, but those who follow trade policy closely may be aware that the United
States has a rich history of skirting the rules of trade that it so often invokes to discipline Chinas (and other trade partners) actions. In fact, U.S. policies have been
the subject of more World Trade Organization disputes (119) than have any other countries policies. (The EU is second with 73 and China is third with 30). No
government is more likely to be out of compliance with a final WTO ruling or for a longer period than the U.S. government. In fact, to this day, the United
States remains out of compliance on issues adjudicated several years (and sometimes more than a decade) ago. U.S. subsidization of industry took off in earnest in
2009 under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and through other channels. Special deals for chosen companies, such as the infamous solar panel maker
Solyndra, were cut as though they were state-owned enterprises. President Obama did not so much explain his rationale, but offered a rallying cry for the green
industrial policy his administration was promoting to the tune of nearly $100 billion in 2010 when he said: Countries like China are moving even faster Im not
going to settle for a situation where the United States comes in second place or third place or fourth place in what will be the most important economic engine of the
future. Much like the Chinese government, President Obama was throwing the weight of the U.S.
government behind the companies and industries that he believed mattered most to the future. And he
was asserting his belief that the United States and China are economic rivals in a zero-sum game. By 2011, the Obama administration was advising U.S. telecom
carriers that if they had aspirations to partake of the lucrative U.S. government procurement market, they should not purchase routers or other equipment from Chinese
companies, Huawei and ZTE, citing them as cyber security threats to the United States. In 2012, the House Intelligence Committee produced a report reaching similar
findings and advising all U.S. companies against doing business with those companies. Whether Huawei and ZTE present unique security risks or there is an effort in
Washington to sabotage emerging Chinese economic rivals is unclear. What is clear is that the public version of the Committees report contained no evidence to
support its allegations or recommendations, just as the administrations admonitions in 2011 were based on classified analyses never released to the public. What is
also clear is that, in 2012, Chinese participation in U.S. green energy projects was scuttled by the Obama
administration on several occasions, despite the presidents avowed commitment to wean the U.S. economy of off fossil fuels and promote renewable
energy consumption. In addition to U.S. imposition of antidumping and countervailing duties on Chinese-made solar panels and wind towers, the U.S. Committee on
Foreign Investment in the United States recommended that President Obama block a Chinese purchase of a U.S. wind farm in Oregon,
which he did, reaffirming his view of China as an economic rival. Although an official decision has not yet been made, whispers in
Washington are growing louder that the Obama administration is considering reneging on the United States obligation to begin treating China as a market economy
for the purposes of calculating duties under the U.S. antidumping regime by no later than December 11, 2016. That would be a breach of exceptional consequence.
When China acceded to the WTO in 2001, it agreed to allow standing WTO members to apply what amounts to a punitive antidumping calculation methodology
known as the non-market economy (NME) methodology to Chinese companies for a period not to exceed 15 years. The methodology is arbitrary, capricious,
utterly unrepresentative of economic reality, and it creates a cloud of uncertainty that essentially deters U.S. importers from purchasing Chinese products that could
potentially be targeted by U.S. industries. It is also a stigma that the Chinese government is anxious to put in the past. Reneging on that commitment would be
perceived by Beijing as the worst kind of affront. In 2012, the administration reported progress toward completion of a trade agreement between the United States and
10 other Asia-Pacific nations, which conspicuously excludes China. The Trans-Pacific Partnership was first embraced in the United States by the State Department as
a potential tool of foreign policy, and not by the U.S. Trade Representative as a possible trade initiative. Negotiations have been evolving as the United States has been
rather loudly announcing and executing a foreign policy pivot to Asia, all in the midst of intensifying acrimony between China and several neighboring countries
over conflicting territorial claims on islands in the South and East China Seas. These developments have raised suspicions that the United States may be pulling back
on its policy of engagement with China, as it commits more resources to a policy of containment. That makes the future of U.S.-China economic relations especially
murky. A future in which both countries are fully committed to engagement looks very different from one where containment of China has become a more prominent
policy objective. A recent report to Congress from the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative implies an ultimatum to the new Chinese leadership: recommit to the
kinds of market reforms undertaken in the past and significantly curtail the states role in the economy or the United States will focus on thwarting Chinas economic
advances. Lending credibility to that threat is the fact that over the course of the next few years, the Obama administration will be the gatekeeper watching over
billions of dollars of possible Chinese direct investment in the United States. The administration will unveil a national cyber security policy that could be crafted to the
disadvantage of Chinese companies. It will decide one way or the other on antidumping policy toward China. And, it will presumably conclude trade agreements with
several Asia-Pacific nations not named China, which may or may not be crafted to accommodate Chinas eventual accession. Of course, one must wonder whether the
United States will curtail its own burgeoning state-ism if China were to reform. After all, Chinas interventions have served as rationalizations for the Obama
administrations generous subsidies and industrial policies. The shape and tenor of evolving U.S. policies will profoundly affect the bilateral relationship, but the
future will not be decided exclusively in Washington. There is plenty that the new Beijing government can do to assuage growing fears in Washington that China is no
longer committed to market reform. But a nagging question is whether that reform would assuage growing fears
that China is an economic adversary whose continued growth threatens U.S. interests.



China Disadvantage- Impact- Generic

Relations with china could cause competition and disrupt national order
Goldstein Global Politics and International Relations 2013
(Avery First Things First the Pressing Danger of Crisis Instability in U.S.-China Relations
MIT 2013 http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/ISEC_a_00114 )

Two concerns have driven much of the debate about international security in the postCold War
era. The first is the potentially deadly mix of nuclear proliferation, rogue states, and international
terrorists, a worry that became dominant after the terrorist attacks against the United States on
September 11, 2001.1 The second concern, one whose prominence has waxed and waned since
the mid-1990s, is the potentially disruptive impact that China will have if it emerges as a peer
competitor of the United States, challenging an international order established during the era of
U.S. preponderance. Reflecting this second concern, some analysts have expressed reservations
about the dominant postSeptember 11 security agenda, arguing that China could challenge U.S.
global interests in ways that terrorists and rogue states cannot. In this article, I raise a more
pressing issue, one to which not enough attention has been paid. For at least the next decade,
while China remains relatively weak, the gravest danger in Sino- American relations is the
possibility the two countries will and themselves in a
crisis that could escalate to open military conflict.

China Disadvantage- A2 Cyber Attack
Cyber Attacks do not hurt relations- America still willing to negotiate
The Econimist 6-8-13 (Here we go again, President Xi Jinping shows interest in reviving ties with
America. How far is he prepared to go?, The Economist, www.economist.com/news/china/21579043-
president-xi-jinping-shows-interest-reviving-ties-america-how-far-he-prepared) CTL

AFTER his historic meeting with Mao Zedong in 1972, Richard Nixon wrote in his diary of what he called probably the most moving moment
of the hour-long encounter: the chairman clasping the American leaders hand for about a minute as they sat talking. Such sparks of personal
chemistry are what Chinas new president, Xi Jinping, and Barack Obama may be hoping to recreate during an informal summit on June 7th and
8th. As The Economist went to press Mr Xi was winding up a week-long visit to Latin America and the Caribbean (see article) before heading
on to meet Mr Obama at Sunnylands, an estate in the desert town of Rancho Mirage, California, that once belonged to Walter Annenberg, a
publisher. Never before has such a prolonged informal encounter between the two countries leaders been scheduled (dress code: no neckties).
Its rarity and its timing so early in Mr Xis presidency suggest a recognition by both countries that their relationship badly needs new zest.
Relations have become increasingly strained by American allegations of Chinese government involvement in the
widespread hacking of American computer systems (see article) and signs of greater assertiveness by China in its maritime disputes
with American allies in the western Pacific. China is worried by Americas security pivot towards Asia. American
officials are encouraged, however, by Mr Xis willingness to engage in such freewheeling diplomacy. His
predecessor, Hu Jintao, shunned it, preferring to stick to formal agendas. Before Mr Hu, Jiang Zemin pressed for, and
eventually secured, an informal summit with George W. Bush at his ranch in Crawford, Texas. But that meeting in 2002 was much briefer, and
Mr Jiang was just days away from stepping down. For the newly installed Mr Xi, the decision to engage in unscripted
discussions spread over two days shows unusual confidence in his political grip and his mastery of a vital and highly
complex area of foreign policy.



China Disadvantage- Impact Brink-Relations
Relations strained- Now is key to avoid impact
Zheng, staff writer, 13 (Henry, US-China Relations: Why Obama's 'Asia Pivot' Strategy Could Lead to
Disaster, Policy Mic, 1-28, http://www.policymic.com/articles/20675/us-china-relations-why-obama-s-
asia-pivot-strategy-could-start-a-nuclear-war) CTL
In an interesting policy move that has been dubbed the "Asia Pivot," the Obama administration has shifted its priorities to the Pacific region.
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta indicated that by 2020, 60% of U.S. naval ships will be in the Pacific, and 40% percent in the Atlantic, "compared with the
current 50-50 split." Critics of the pivot say that it is verbal bravado and a mere "repackaging of policies begun in previous administrations, although still
enough to unnecessarily antagonize the Chinese." This American response is due in part to the surprising advancements made by the Chinese military,
such as the successful developments of its aircraft carrier, advanced jet fighters, and more cost-effective drones. China-U.S. relations expert Wu
Xinbo advises the U.S. not to just focus on China's rising capabilities, but also to "pay attention to how China will
use its military power." It is not surprising that China wants to catch up militarily, as it is a dominant economic power that has the means to do so. However,
the Chinese Communist Party and the People's Liberation Army may not necessarily want to undermine U.S. global military preeminence, but rather wish to assert
their country's sovereignty in regional disputes involving territories in the East and South China seas. The Chinese might threaten U.S. dominance in these regions
insofar as they see American forces as encroachments that they must guard against. Conversely, Washington sees itself as an important player in the Pacific, with
certain obligations and diplomatic interests to which it must attend. Notable strategic maneuvers stemming from this perception include the stationing of 250 U.S.
Marines in Australia, and military drills with Japan. An important plan that is receiving greater official attention and Chinese condemnation is "Air Sea Battle," a
comprehensive strategy developed by the Department of Defense in case "an angry, aggressive and heavily armed China" should decide to attack American forces.
This counterattack by the Air Force and the Navy would involve conventional strike tactics. A graphic depicting the strategy can be found here. Developed by Andrew
Marshall and Andrew Krepinevich, the Air Sea Battle concept involves the following: 1. Increasing bomb resistant aircraft shelters and bring repair kits to fix
damaged airstrips. 2. Using stealthy bombers and quiet submarines to wage a "blinding campaign" in which long range Chinese surveillance and precision missile
systems are targeted to open up the area of denial, which includes the disputed areas within the East and South China seas. 3. Dispersing aircraft to Tinian and Palau
islands, which are outside the range of Chinese land-based anti-ship missiles, in order to confuse the enemy's targeting processes. Critics doubt the necessity of such a
plan. MIT Security Studies Program director Barry Posen says that instead of questioning whether there will be security concerns or threats, the highly influential
Office of Net Assessment in the Pentagon, which Andrew Marshall heads, convince[s] others to act as if the worst cases are inevitable. In fact, over two dozen war
scenarios run by Krepinevich's defense think tank, the Center for Budgetary and Strategic Assessments, cast China as an aggressive enemy. This potentially alarmist
thinking has lately attracted the attention of top military officials, suggesting that the plan or something similar may come to fruition. However, to realize this plan,
there would have to be an increase in or reallocation of military spending, which is something that may not be realized if the U.S. goes over the fiscal cliff this
upcoming January. Undoubtedly, such strategies have been a growing source of concern for Beijing. Colonel Fan Gaoyue said, If the U.S. military
develops Air-Sea Battle to deal with the [Peoples Liberation Army], the PLA will be forced to develop anti-Air-Sea
Battle." The back-and-forth defense escalation bespeaks the suspicious nature of security agencies in general that
could contribute to the deterioration of bilateral relations. With things as they are now, tensions are quickly rising on both sides because they
are both approaching each other with a zero-sum mentality. Even with their almost inextricable economic and trade interdependence, the politics of Chinese
containment and American repulsion could become a military conflict before long. As shown by the Chinese-Japanese dispute over the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands,
Chinese citizens are willing to boycott foreign goods and services in a surge of patriotic fervor. Therefore, even economic interdependence may
not deter war if the strategic interests of both the U.S. and China are compromised. The two leaders must engage in
an open discussion which addresses these problems honestly, and come up with practical solutions that move
beyond their ideological and cultural differences. If not done soon, we will all suffer.



China Disadvantage- A2 Snowden


Snowden conflict wont hurt relations
Jinwei 6/25/13
(Ming Snowden case should not affect China-U.S. relationship Peoples Daily Online 6/25/13
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90883/8298252.html Accessed 6/27/13 )

The U.S. government, which has tried to extradite Snowden on criminal charges, expressed displeasure on Monday over the fact that the former U.S. government spy
had managed to leave Hong Kong. A White House spokesman even hinted that the Snowden case might have a negative impact on the bigger China-U.S. relationship.
For many people in China, this assertion goes a little bit too far. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR)
government did have a legitimate case when it said that the U.S. government's request for the
HKSAR government to issue a provisional arrest warrant for Snowden did not fully comply with
the city's legal requirements. For the China-U.S. relations, both Beijing and Washington fully know that an isolated case should
not be allowed to hurt one of the most critical relationships in the world. As many can see, the
China-U.S. relationship has made valuable progress after the latest leadership transitions in the
two countries. The first summit between Chinese President Xi Jinping and his U.S. counterpart Barack Obama, held earlier this month in
California, has further boosted mutual trust and understanding between the world's two largest
economies. It is in the interest of both countries to keep the positive momentum in bilateral
relations

***AFF ANSWERS***
AFF answers- China Disadvantage- No Coop

China doesnt want cooperation- recent cyber hacks prove
Business Line 6/27/13
(Business Line Massive cyber-attacks threaten US-China relations: Lawmakers The HINDU
6/27/13 http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/international/massive-cyberattacks-
threatens-uschina-relations-lawmakers/article4855959.ece Accessed 6/27/13 )

Top American lawmakers and experts have warned that the massive cyber-hacking emanating
from China seriously threatens the bilateral relationship and urged the Obama administration to
take all necessary measures to counter the threat. Weve seen in the last few years its not only
American companies that are the targets, its media and its human rights organisations
something particularly important to Congressman Smith and me. Journalist writing about
corruption in China find their computer systems hacked and their passwords stolen, Senator
Sherrod Brown said during a Congressional hearing yesterday. For human rights organisations
and activists dealing with hacking attacks from China is almost a daily fact of life. We cant sit
idly by. Thats why I support a comprehensive common sense bipartisan approach to hold China
accountable, he said. With the growing prevalence of computer networks in Americas heavily
wired economy, cyber-attacks represent an increasingly growing threat alongside more
traditional forms of intellectual property theft. China simply doesnt play by the same rules as we
do. Chinese Governments deny these attacks even though there is evidence of Chinese
involvement, he added. Cyber-attacks on Congress are only a small, but not insignificant part
of a much larger pattern of attacks that have targeted the executive branch, the Pentagon and
American businesses, Congressman Christopher Smith said in his remarks, alleging that his
own computers have been hacked by sources originating in China.

Chinas conscious decision to release Snowden proves China doesnt want a good
relationship with the United States
Associated Press 6/24/13
(Associated Press White House: Release of Snowden hurts relations with China Associated
Press 6/24/13
http://www.calgaryherald.com/news/White+House+Release+Snowden+hurts+relations+with+Ch
ina/8570640/story.html Accessed 6/27/13 )
The White House says it is "not buying" that the decision by Hong Kong authorities to let
admitted leaker Edward Snowden leave for Russia was a technical decision. It says it was a
deliberate choice to release a fugitive and that "unquestionably" damages U.S.-China relations.
White House spokesman Jay Carney says the U.S. assumes that Snowden is now in Russia and
that the White House now expects Russian authorities to look at all the options available to them
to expel Snowden to face charges in the U.S. for releasing secret surveillance information.
AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Relations Low

China relations still low.
Cato Institute 2013
(Cato Institute Reading the Tea Leaves on U.S. China Economic Relations 1/29/13
http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/reading-tea-leaves-us-china-economic-
relations?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+CatoRecentOpe
ds+(Cato+Recent+Op-eds) China relations based on developments over the most recent six years
appears more problematic. Today, it seems, most bilateral economic frictions are magnified
through the prism of those geopolitical and philosophical differences, making controversies seem
larger and more intractable. In general, policymakers had been mostly welcoming of Chinas
growth until things started to change in the second half of the second term of the George W.
Bush presidency. When Democrats regained control of Congress in January 2007, the emphasis
of U.S. trade policy shifted from liberalization and accommodation to enforcement and
prosecution. Skepticism over trade, its benefits, and the intentions of certain U.S. trade partners
China, in particular animated the new congressional trade agenda.

Uniqueness- Relations Low

U.S.-Chinese relations taking big dives; U.S. policy getting stricter with China, using
unilateral actions in Asia with trade agreements, economic ultimatums, and containment
policies.
Ikenson, M.A. in Economics, 13 (Daniel J., Reading the Tea Leaves on U.S.-China Economic Relations,
Cato Institute, January 26, 2013, JH, www.cato.org/publications/commentary/reading-tea-leaves-us-
china-economic-
relations?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+CatoRecentOpeds+(Cat
o+Recent+Op-eds) )
In 2012, the administration reported progress toward completion of a trade agreement between
the United States and 10 other Asia-Pacific nations, which conspicuously excludes China. The
Trans-Pacific Partnership was first embraced in the United States by the State Department as a
potential tool of foreign policy, and not by the U.S. Trade Representative as a possible trade
initiative. Negotiations have been evolving as the United States has been rather loudly
announcing and executing a foreign policy pivot to Asia, all in the midst of intensifying
acrimony between China and several neighboring countries over conflicting territorial claims on
islands in the South and East China Seas. These developments have raised suspicions that the
United States may be pulling back on its policy of engagement with China, as it commits more
resources to a policy of containment. That makes the future of U.S.-China economic relations
especially murky. A future in which both countries are fully committed to engagement looks
very different from one where containment of China has become a more prominent policy
objective. A recent report to Congress from the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative implies
an ultimatum to the new Chinese leadership: recommit to the kinds of market reforms undertaken
in the past and significantly curtail the states role in the economy or the United States will focus
on thwarting Chinas economic advances. Lending credibility to that threat is the fact that over
the course of the next few years, the Obama administration will be the gatekeeper watching over
billions of dollars of possible Chinese direct investment in the United States. The administration
will unveil a national cyber security policy that could be crafted to the disadvantage of Chinese
companies. It will decide one way or the other on antidumping policy toward China. And, it will
presumably conclude trade agreements with several Asia-Pacific nations not named China,
which may or may not be crafted to accommodate Chinas eventual accession.

China and U.S. dueling in Latin America- no cooperation in Squo
Bloomberg, 5-28-13, (Biden Circles Xi as U.S. Duels China for Latin America Ties, Bloomberg
Businessweek, JH, www.businessweek.com/news/2013-05-28/biden-circles-xi-as-u-dot-s-dot-duels-
china-for-latin-america-influence )
The competition between the worlds two biggest economies for influence in Latin America is on
display this week as U.S. Vice President Joe Biden visits Rio de Janeiro today near the end of a
three-nation tour of the region with Chinese President Xi Jinping close behind. The dueling visits
-- Biden departs Brazil May 31, the same day Xi arrives in Trinidad & Tobago to begin his first
tour of the region since Chinas political transition ended in March -- underscore how Latin
Americas natural resources and rising middle class are making it an increasingly attractive trade
partner for the worlds top two economies. Competing with Chinas checkbook isnt easy for the
U.S. Seeking South American soy, copper and iron ore, China boosted imports from Latin
America 20-fold, to $86 billion in 2011 from $3.9 billion in 2000, according to calculations by
the Inter-American Development Bank. By contrast, the U.S. policy of pursuing free-trade
accords has been controversial, said Kevin Gallagher, a Boston University economist.

American "Asia pivot" causing tensions in the status quo- proves non-unique
Carpenter, Senior Fellow on Foreign Policy at the Cato Institue, 6-10-13 (Ted Galen, Cato Institute, JH,
www.cato.org/publications/commentary/us-china-summit-why-cooperation-remains-
tentative?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+CatoRecentOpeds+(C
ato+Recent+Op-eds) )
The principal security tensions between China and the United States, though, center around US
suspicions regarding Chinas regional ambitions as well as Beijings equally intense suspicions
about Washingtons strategic pivot to East Asia and the initiatives associated with that shift. US
leaders view Chinas military modernization and rapid increase in military spending over the
past decade and argue that it vastly exceeds the countrys legitimate defense needs. Their
Chinese counterparts are deeply skeptical about US assurances that the pivot is not a containment
strategy directed against China. A recent report from the Washington-based Center for Strategic
and International Studies concluded: The US Asia pivot has triggered an outpouring of anti-
American sentiment in China that will increase pressure on Chinas leadership to stand up to
the United States. The report notes further that nationalistic voices are calling for military
countermeasures to the bolstering of Americas military posture in the region and the new US
defense strategic guidelines.


AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Impact


China and Latin America have good trade relations, adding US makes situation better
Santibaes, 2009, ["An End to U.S. Hegemony? The Strategic Implications of China's Growing
Presence in Latin America", Comparative Strategy (Book), 2-10-09, AAH]
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01495930802679728#tabModule

Although the emergence of China as a world power has been one of the most discussed topics in recent decades, not much attention has been given to the dramatic
changes this phenomenon is provoking in Latin America. Many economies are, indeed, seeing their patterns of trade being drastically modified; while some countries
in the region are enjoying remarkable rates of economic growth, due to their exports to the Asian nation, others, such as Mexico, perceive the PRC as a real threat to
their development. Sino-Latin American links, however, have not been restricted only to trade. Political and
military relations have also gotten stronger with the passage of time. But let us focus first on the economic side of this
partnership. Most Latin American leaders have also expressed an interest in Chinese foreign investment.
By the end of 2004, Chinese stock investment in Latin America had already reached $4.62 billion, a figure that represents 14 percent of the total stock investment by
the PRC outside its frontiers. 20 Furthermore, according to the Chinese minister of commerce, Latin America is the
region of the world, outside Asia, that receives the most Chinese investment. 21 Nevertheless, with reserves reaching $795.1
billion the PRC can invest more, and that country seems to be taking the steps necessary to do so. Chinese companies have signed
important agreements with Latin American firms to extract and then transport commodities to
China. 22 There are two joint ventures with Chilean mine companies, for example, that represent an investment of $2 billion, in one case, and $5 billion in the
other.



AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Plan Key
Irans power waning in Latin America, window for US and China if plan not passed
Goodman, , 6-26-13, [Joshua, "Iran Influence in Latin America Waning, U.S. Report Says",
Bloomberg, 6-26-13, AAH] http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-06-26/iran-influence-in-latin-
america-waning-u-s-report-says.html

Iran isnt actively supporting terrorist cells in Latin America and its influence is waning in the
region after almost a decade of promises to increase investment, according to a State Department report.
While Irans interest in Latin America is a concern, sanctions have undermined efforts by the Islamic
republic to expand its economic and political toehold in the region, according to the unclassified summary
of yesterdays report. As a result of diplomatic outreach, strengthening of allies capacity, international
nonproliferation efforts, a strong sanctions policy, and Irans poor management of its foreign relations,
Iranian influence in Latin America and the Caribbean is waning, according to the report. The
findings disappointed some Republican lawmakers who say President Barack Obamas administration is
underestimating the threat from Iran. The report comes as the U.S. takes a wait-and-see approach to
President-elect Hassan Rohani, who has vowed to seek more dialog with the U.S. I believe the
Administration has failed to consider the seriousness of Irans presence here at home, said Congressman
Jeff Duncan, a Republican from South Carolina who wrote the legislation requiring the State Department
report. I question the methodology that was used in developing this report.



AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Link


US making advancements for a better Latin America
Latin American Herald Tribune, 6-21-13, [Latin American Herald Tribune, "U.S. Reaffirms
Commitment to Latin America Security, Development", AAH]
http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=815509&CategoryId=12394

WASHINGTON The United States remains committed to Latin Americas security and development
through multiple bilateral cooperation accords and within the framework of a pragmatic and
mutually respectful relationship, a senior Obama administration official told Efe. The remarks served to counter criticism from some sectors in
the United States who contend that Washington, despite its rhetoric and visits by top officials to the region, is not promoting closer ties with Latin America through
concrete measures. The most important message is that we view our relations in the hemisphere as a relationship of equal partners. I think the president has made that
very clear through his words and through his actions in the region, the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said. Since 2009, U.S.
President Barack Obama has traveled to Latin America a total of six times, while Vice President
Joe Biden has made four trips to the region, and over this period our entire approach has been
based on equal partnership, the official added. Latin America has seen a massive increase in its middle class and a reduction in severe poverty
and, within the context of a pragmatic relationship, Washington is working jointly to respond to challenges such as
promoting economic development, reducing energy costs and increasing the competitiveness of the
regions economies. The official noted that the United States has invested nearly $500 million since 2008 in security assistance alone and $200 million
more in that same period in the Caribbean. We do have a commitment to working with Central America, Mexico and other partners to reinforce citizen security and
that goes beyond the direct assistance because emphasis is also being placed on strengthening institutions. Security overall is something that (is) important in our
relationship with Mexico, and its an area where were going to continue working with them, the official said, reiterating the Obama administrations support for a
comprehensive immigration overhaul with a strong border-security component. The official also defended a June 5 meeting between U.S. Secretary of State John
Kerry and Venezuelan Foreign Minister Elias Jaua to try to establish a more constructive relationship with Caracas. Kerry also made clear that we are going to
continue to speak out when its appropriate on democratic governance issues, on fundamental freedoms, the rule of law, those are all part of our dialogue, both public
and private. According to Jaua, during that meeting on the sidelines of an Organization of American States meeting in Guatemala, the two men discussed establishing
a direct channel of communication to clarify any differences in the future, and work toward returning the countries respective ambassadors to their posts. The
Obama administration official also referred to the Nicaraguan Congress approval earlier this month of legislation giving a Chinese company an up to 100-year
concession to build and operate an inter-oceanic canal. Its up to Nicaragua and whatever private investors they found to determine the viability and suitability of the
project, the official said. Every country has to weigh the potential ecological cost of any kind of development program, any kind of infrastructure project of this
nature ... environmental considerations are big not just for this particular project but for any large infrastructure project, the official said. The remarks constituted the
Obama administrations first public reaction to a mega-project that, if completed, would rival the Panama Canal. Asked about what interest the U.S. government may
have in the project, the official said this is all pretty much hypothetical at this point. Theres a pretty long distance between the idea of a canal and having the
project actually ... development has to be something that contributes to the overall development of the country, the official said. EFE


AFF answers- China Disadvantage- Alt Cause

Alt Causes to relations Snowden incident proves Obama wants to foster relations
Richter, LA Times Staff Writer, 6-27 (Paul, Obama doesn't want Snowden hunt to damage ties with
Russia, China, La Times, http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-snowden-diplomacy-
20130628,0,6272074.story) CTL

President Obama's declaration Thursday that he wouldn't be "scrambling jets" to capture Edward Snowden provided the clearest public signal of
how much the administration wants to shield key diplomatic relationships from damage over the case of the fugitive
national security leaker. The administration's efforts at downplaying may also stem, in part, from a desire to manage expectations, since Snowden may
continue to elude U.S. custody. But it's clear that in the last several days, the administration has sought to de-escalate confrontations over his flight. Snowden fled
Hong Kong on Sunday to avoid a U.S. extradition request and landed in Russia. Since then, he has apparently been in a transit lounge at Moscow's Sheremetyevo
airport while seeking asylum in Ecuador. At the beginning of the week, administration officials, including Secretary of State John F. Kerry, were condemning Russia,
China and Ecuador as repressive governments, comments that provoked pique, especially in Moscow. Now, even as American officials continue their effort to get
Snowden, Obama has made it clear that the administration wants to limit damage to its relationship with China, its largest trading partner, and Russia, which has
leverage over Washington on the Syrian civil war, nuclear arms talks, the Iranian nuclear program and other matters.